專題15短文改錯(cuò)

學(xué)業(yè)要求

1.理解短文的基礎(chǔ)上發(fā)現(xiàn)并糾正詞法、句法、行文邏輯等類型錯(cuò)誤的能力。

2.熟練掌握并運(yùn)用高中階段的重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法項(xiàng)目。

3.掌握高考命題規(guī)律，多歸納總結(jié)?？键c(diǎn)和易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)。

考點(diǎn)梳理

題型1詞法類錯(cuò)誤

一、謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞類錯(cuò)誤

考向一謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞錯(cuò)誤

【典例分析】

（2022全國(guó)乙卷）1alsowatertheflowersintheyardandtidyingupmyownbedroomwhatevernecessary.

【典例分析】

（2021?全國(guó)甲卷）Theiranswersalsoshowthattheydislikingtalktoothers.Theykeptverymuchtothemselves.

考向二非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞錯(cuò)誤

【典例分析】

（2022全國(guó)甲卷）1wasunwillingtalkwithhimandoftendisobeyedhisruleofnotstayoutwithmyfriendstoo

late.

【典例分析】

（2022全國(guó)甲卷）Theiranswersalsoshowthattheydisliketalktoothers.

二、其它詞法類錯(cuò)誤

考向一、名詞單復(fù)數(shù)錯(cuò)誤

【典例分析】

（2022年全國(guó)乙卷）Ourcitywillbebetterplacesifwereplacecarswithbicycle.

【典例分析】

（2021年全國(guó)乙卷）1alwaysassistmyparentsindoingthedishaftermeals.

考向二、代詞錯(cuò)誤

【典例分析】

（2022全國(guó)乙卷）Whenyourideabicycle,youdon'tusepetrol.Sotheyarenotproducingcarbondioxideandnot

causingairpollution.

【典例分析】

（2021全國(guó)甲卷）Somewillturntotheirparentsorteachersforhelp.Onlyafewchoosetodealwiththeproblems

onourown.

考向三、冠詞錯(cuò)誤

【典例分析】

（2020年，全國(guó)卷I）ThenIputthetomatoesandthebeateneggsintopantogether.

【典例分析】

（2020課標(biāo)全國(guó)III卷）Forexample,everymorning,mydadhastohavethebowlofeggsoupwhileIhavetoeat

anapple.

考向四、介詞和數(shù)詞錯(cuò)誤

【典例分析】

（2022全國(guó)乙卷）Maybeitisbecausethecombinationoffreshair,smoothmovementsandexercise.

【典例分析】

（2021全國(guó)乙卷）Inmyopinion,studentscanbenefitalotdoingsomehousework.

考向五、形容詞和副詞錯(cuò)誤

【典例分析】

（2022年全國(guó)乙卷）Weallknowthatcyclingisagreatlyexercise.

【典例分析】

（2021?全國(guó)甲卷）Inmyopinion,whenintrouble,weshouldseekhelpfromthosewetrustmostly.

題型2句法類錯(cuò)誤

考向一、時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致性錯(cuò)誤

【典例分析】

（2022全國(guó)乙卷）Theyoftenrunathighspeeds,whichmayputourlivesindanger.Andthereweretrafficjams.

【典例分析】

（2021?全國(guó)甲卷）Oneofthequestionsare：Whowillyougotointimesoftrouble?

考向二、定語(yǔ)從句錯(cuò)誤

【典例分析】

（2022,全國(guó)卷乙卷）Theyoftenrunathighspeeds,whatmayputourlivesindanger.

【典例分析】

（2020課標(biāo)全國(guó)II卷）Thankyoufortheletter,whatreallymademehappy.

考向三、狀語(yǔ)從句和名詞性從句錯(cuò)誤

【典例分析】

（2022全國(guó)乙卷）Whetheryourideabicycle,youdon'tusepetrol.

【典例分析】

（2021全國(guó)甲卷）Inmyopinion,whereintrouble,weshouldseekhelpfromthosewetrustmost.

題型3邏輯類錯(cuò)誤

【典例分析】

（2022全國(guó)甲卷）Oneday,hetalkedwithmeorhopedtomendourrelations.

【典例分析】

（2020課標(biāo)全國(guó)I卷）FirstIcutthetomatoesintopiecesbutputthemaside.

（2022?云南?高二學(xué)業(yè)考試）

請(qǐng)你修改以下的每個(gè)句子，每句有1處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，錯(cuò)誤涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加或修改。

增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（A）,并在此符號(hào)下面寫出該加的詞。

修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下面劃一橫線，并在橫線下面寫出修改后的詞。

注意：每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改僅限一詞。

1.Mymotheristakingcaremylittlesisterathome.

2.HespeakEnglishbetterthananyoneelseinhisclass.

3.Aseveryoneknows,Peterplaysthefootballverywell.

4.Listencarefully,oryouwillnotunderstandthatImean.

5.Wespentthreehourinclimbingtothetopofthemountain.

（2022?云南?高二學(xué)業(yè)考試）

請(qǐng)你修改以下的每個(gè)句子，每句有1處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，錯(cuò)誤涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加或修改。

增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（A）,并在此符號(hào)下面寫出該加的詞。

修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下面劃一橫線，并在橫線下面寫出修改后的詞。

注意：每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改僅限一詞。

6.Thiswetlandisthebirdsnewhomenow.

7.TheactivityaboutsavingfoodheldeveryAugust.

8.Imadeacakeformymotheronherbirthdayonyesterday.

9.TheteachersaidwhatWangYapinghadtakenasuccessfulspacewalk.

10.BeijingWinterOlympicswillattractthebetterathletesaroundtheworld.

11.（2022?甘肅.天水市第一中學(xué)高二學(xué)業(yè)考試）

文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處，每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（八），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。

修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均限一詞。

2.只允許修改io處，多者（從第n處起）不計(jì)分。

LastSunday,ourschoolheldthesportsactivityinordertodevelopedourawarenessoffitness.Thatmorning,

allthestudentsandteachershadgatheredontheplayground.Thentheheadmasterannouncedthebeginofthe

openingceremony.Aftertheopeningceremony,allkindsofeventsstartedoneafterothers.Theplaygroundwas

alivewithexcitement.Thatdrewthemostattentionswasacompetitionbetweenstudentsandteachers.Sincethen,

theteacher-studentrelationshiphasbeenstrengthened,butsohastheawarenessofsportsmanship.I'mconvincing

thattheunforgettableactivitywillgetuspreparedabetterfuturebothmentallyandphysically.

12.（2022?山西臨汾?高三學(xué)業(yè)考試）

假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，

每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（A）,并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。

修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。

OurclasspaidavisittheCultureMuseuminourcitylastweek.Tobeginwith,wesearchedforasmore

informationaspossibleontheInternet.Feelingexcitedly,wegatheredattheentranceonFridaymorning.Thena

guidewasshowedustheexhibitionofpapercutsdesigningfordifferentuses.Afterthat,wewatchedadigitalfilm,

whatmadeusknowourfolkculturebetter.Finally,wegotothedo-it-yourselfarea.Welearnedtomakesome

papercutsorpaintedacoupleoffantasticmaskthen.Weallfeltitwasaunforgettableexperienceandthemuseum

wascertainlyworthavisit.

13.（2022?山西?高二學(xué)業(yè)考試）

假如英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的一下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤,

每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加刪除或修改。

增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（A）,并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

刪除：把多余的詞用（\）劃掉。

修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。

Tomhadainterestingdreamlastnight.Inthedreamhetookpartinarace.Atfirst,hecouldnottorunvery

fastandfellbehind.Sohedidn'tloseheartandkeptrunning.Allthestudentbegintocheerhimon,“Comeon!”He

wassoencouragingthatheranfasterandfastertillhecaughtupalltheotherrunners.Finally,hewontherace.He

feltveryproudly.Manyofhisclassmategatheredaroundandcongratulatedhimonhissuccess.Theyeventhrew

herupintotheair.Justatthattimehewokeupandfoundhimselfstillinbed!Whatinterestingthedreamwas!

14.(2022.廣西.柳州市第三中學(xué)高二學(xué)業(yè)考試)

假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤,

每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(A),并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。

修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃?rùn)M線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

2.只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。

LastSunday,IvisittheCityZoowithmysister.Ittookushalfahourtogettherebybus.Firstwewenttosee

thetigers.Theywasverystrong.ThenwearrivedattheElephantYard.Wewereluckybecauseofwehadachance

totouchtheelephants.Whenwegotclosetothem,wewerefrightening.However,theelephantswerefriendlyto

we.Soonourfeardisappeared.Afterlunch,wewentthePandaHouse.Wesawtwopandathere.Theywereplaying

happy.Wespentfourhoursinthezoo.Weweretiredandwehadagoodtime.

過(guò)關(guān)檢測(cè)

一、短文改錯(cuò)

Lastweek,IvisitedLuoyangbutmetakindandcaringguide,wholeftthedeepimpressiononme.Intheway,

shetoldusalotaboutthisoldcity.Notonlyweknowaboutthecity,butwewereinvitedtoeatvariousspecial

snack.Unfortunately,Igotmyleftfootseriouslyinjuring.ItwashorriblepainfulwhenIwalked.SeeingIhave

difficultywalking,shecametomyassistance.Accompaniedbyher,Ireturnedbacktothebustowaitforother

tourists.Iwasreallygratefulforhiskindness.

2.

I'mstillaordinarySenior3student,strugglingtobalanceschoolworkandmypersonallifeundergreat

pressures.I'malwayswonderinghowmylifewillbelikewhenI'm30yearsold.Encouragingbyafamous

professionalinterpreter,Ihavealwaysdreamedbecominganinterpreter.Isupposethatafter14yearsofhardwork,

youwilldefinitelyachievethisdream.Iknowthattakingonthisjobmeanttakingonagreatdealofresponsibility.

Servingasabridgeofcommunication,andI'llworktoimprovetherelationshipsbetweencountriesandmaking

China*svoiceheardbytheworld.Fildomysharetocontributetoapeaceworld.

3.

Hi,everyone!I'mgladtostandheretotalkabouthowwecandoforourschool.Weallknowthatasmallact

isgoingtomakesabigdifference.Firstofall,wecaneasilymakeourschoolmorebeautifully.Forexample,every

oneofthemcantakecareofatreeortoorganizeathoroughcleaningintheschool.Wecanpickuprubbisheson

thefloororputitintothetrashcans.Intheend,neverforgottoturnoffthelightswhenweleavetheclassrooms.

Don'tleavethewaterrunorwasteanyfoodwhileweareeatinginthediningrooms.Ifwecandoso,Ibelieve

we'llturnourschoolintomuchbetterplace!

4.

AChineseteenagermakehistoryonAug21,2023.The14-years-old,ChenYujie,setanewrecordwiththe

girl's100meters.ChentakesSuBingtianashisrolemodelbutsaysshewillcontinueworkinghard.Itonlytook

Chenthreeyearstogofromaordinarystudenttoaworldchampion.Apartfromhernaturetalents,Chenisalsoa

goodexampleofwhyrunningisasportcanbetakenupatanyage.Comparetoathletesinothersports,likea

gymnastwhomightstarttrainingatage4or5,Chenenteredintothesportsworldat11.

5.

Thereisnodoubtwhethercampussecurityisverysignificant.However,therearesomepotentialproblemson

campusandthecampussecuritywasbeingthreatened.

Therefore,weshouldgoallouttokeepitsafe.Firstofall,theschoolshouldhiremoreresponsiblygatekeepers

butadoptsomestrategiestopreventthesocialpeoplefromcomingintothecampus.Inaddition,theschoolis

supposedtoorganizesomeactivitiyforstudentstoincreasetheirsafeconsciousnessandofferthemsometipson

howtoprotectthem.Inthegeneral,campussecurityissuchimportantthatitneedsallofustoworktogether.With

everyonedotheirparts,itwillmakeabigdifference.Andfinally,itwillbegreatbenefitforstudents*well-rounded

developmentandhealthygrowth.

6.

Theteenageyearfrom13to19werethemostdifficulttimeforme.Theywerealsothebestandworseyearsin

mylife.Atthefirst,IthoughtIkneweverythingandcouldmakedecisionsbyyourself.However,myparentsdidn't

seemtothinksuch.Theyalwaystellmewhattodoandhowtodoit.Atonetime,Ievenfeltmyparentscouldn't

understandmesoIhopedIcouldbefreelyfromthem.IshowedthemIwasindependentbywearstrangeclothes.

NowIamleavinghometocollege.Atlast,Iwillbeonmyown,butIstillwanttohavemyparentstoturntoIneed

help.

7.

Anumberofdaysago,abirdcametomyfrontyardsandmadeasoundlikechichichi.Shewaslikeahungry

personbutstaredatmewithgreathope.Igivehersomefoodandshestartedeatingextremefastimmediately.After

eating,shelookedatmeandstartedsingingaverycalmvoice.Itwasasifsheweresayingthankstome.That

momentwereverytouching.Withhappytearswellupinmyeyes,Ifeltatruehappinessinmyheart.Itwasso

valueandpleasantamomentformewhatIwouldneverforgetit.

8.

Ihavereturnedbacktomycountrysafeandsound.Ireallywantedtoexpressmygratitudetomyhostforthat

hehasdoneforme.Duringmystaywithhim,Iwasgoodlookedafterandheshowedmearoundmanyplaceof

interest,whichleftadeepimpressiononme.Inaddition,withherhelp,myoralEnglishhasgreatlyimproved.

Besides,IhavebetterknowledgeofAmericanculture.Withitsatmosphereattractedme,IhopeIcanhaveasecond

chancetogothere.Asthewintervacationisatthecorner,IhopehecansparesometimetovisitChina.Unlesshe

comes,IwillaccompanyhimtoenjoythebeautyofChineseculture.

9.

MadisonGlinskiwasverykind.Shestartedtoplaytheviolinwhenshewas4yearold.Lastyear,Madison

makesaNewYear'sresolution（正式?jīng)Q定）tohelppoorchildren.Shedecidedtrytoraise￡500forachildren's

hospital.Atthefirstshejusthadherviolincaseopenfordonations.Thenshemadeasignsaythatshewasdoingit

forpoorchildren.Afterthesignwasmade,moreandmoregenerouslypeoplegavetheirmoneyaway.Sometimes

peopleleft￡20,thatwasastonishing.Madisonalsoraisedmoneybysellinghisowntoys.Madisonhadaspecial

passionforhelpingother.Thoughshehadonlyasmallamountofmoney,Madisonboughtlotsoftoys,shoesand

clothesforthepoorchildrenonAfrica.

10.

DearAllen,

Howiseverythinggoing?I'dliketoinviteyouamusicfestivaltobeheldthenextSundaymorninginour

schoolhall.

Themusicfestivalwouldlastfourhoursintotal.Itwillhavemanyexcellentperformances,includingsome

traditionalmusicpiecesplayingwithChineseinstruments,likepipa,guzhengorerhu.Inaddition,sometraditional

Chinesedanceswillbeperformedbystudent.WhafsmoreimportantisthatsomefamousChinesemusicianswill

showofftoperform.SinceChinesemusicissomethingwhichmakesyoucrazy,I'msureyouwillhavefunifyou

cancome.

Lookingforwardtoourcomingandhopingwecanseeyourwonderfullyperformances.

Yours,

LiHua

11.

Lastweekendhaswitnessedmyactiveparticipationinthecommunityservicewithmyclassmates,thetheme

ofitwas“CaringfortheElderly^^.Asscheduled,wearrivedatthenursinghomeonthemorning,wherewehelped

mopthefloor,dustthefurnitureandcleanallthewindowthere.Afterthat,wemadedumplingsfortheelderly,chat

togetherhappily.

ExhaustedalthoughIwas,itwasrewardingandmeaningtoseethesmilesontheirfaces.NotonlydidIbring

joytothem,butalsoIfoundconfidenceinkeepingthemselvescompany.Itisthevoluntarylaborwhichenablesme

tounderstandwhatChinesetraditionalvirtuesare.Tobefrank,Ihavebenefiteditgreatly.

12.

Ourschoolwasfoundin1929.Sincethen,ithasbroughtupagreatnumberofoutstandingtalents,included

somefamousrevolutionaries,scientistsandartists.Therearemanyexcellentstudentsstudyingherenow,among

themarewinnersinmath,physicsandchemistrycontest.Inrecentlyyears,greatchangeshavetakenplace.Anew

libraryhasbeenbuilt,whichkeepsnearlyonehundredandtwentythousandofbooksandmanykindsofmagazines.

Thenewstadiumtobecompletedwillmakethispossibleforthestudentstogoinforsportswhetherornotitrains.

Whatisimportantishowwehavemanyexperiencedteacherswhoarealwayswillingforgiveusahand.The

teachershavemadeandarestillmakinggreatcontributionstodevelopmentofourschool.Wealllikeourschool.

13.

LastTuesday,theStudents9UnioninourschooladvisedthatSeniorThreestudentsdosomethingspeciallyfor

theirparentsontheir18thbirthdays.Allthe