廣東省韶關(guān)市2024屆高三下學(xué)期綜合測(cè)試（二）英語(yǔ)試卷

學(xué)校：___________姓名：班級(jí)：___________考號(hào)：

一'閱讀理解

ThecuisinethatmarksChristmasisasdiverseasthepeoplefeastingonit.Here'salook

athowthelocalscelebrateChristmasthroughcuisineintheircountries,whichwillgiveyoua

glimpseofthecelebrations.

England

TherealfestivitiesstartonChristmasmorningwithchampagneandsmokedsalmon.

AftertheKing'sorQueen'sannualChristmasspeech,it'stimeforthemainmeal,typically

includingaturkeyorroastbeefaccompaniedbyvarioussidedishes.

France

TheFrenchcelebratetheirChristmasEvewithalavishmeal,withseafoodservedfirst.

Themaincourseusuallyconsistsofaroosterthafsrenownedforitstenderness.Finered

winefromBurgundycan'tbemissedofcourse.

Italy

SimilartoFrance,ItalianscelebrateChristmasontheeve.Thelocalstypicallyattend

midnightMassandthenindulgeinalavishmealbeforeheadingtochurch.Forthemain

course,northernItaliansoftenhavestuffedturkey,whilethoseinseasideareasmayfeastona

largebakedseabassaccompaniedbyroastedpotatoesandvegetables.

Greece

AfterattendinganearlymorningholycommunioninchurchonChristmas,Greeksgo

homeforanall-dayeatinggathering.Familiesgatheraroundthefireplace,feastingona

specialwheatbreadonlymadeatChristmas.Later,themaincoursemayincluderoast

chickenstuffedwithchestnuts.

1.WhatactivitydistinguishesEnglandinChristmascelebration?

A.Theseafood-themeddinner.B.TheyearlyRoyaladdress.

C.Thereligiousceremony.D.Themaincoursefeaturingturkey.

2.Toexperiencethereligiousatmosphere,you'dbetterspendChristmasin.

A.FranceandItaly.B.EnglandandFrance.

C.EnglandandGreece.D.ItalyandGreece.

3.Fromwhichcolumnofthemagazineisthepassageprobablyfrom?

A.Religionandculture.B.Dietandhealth.

C.Festivalandtradition.D.Sportsandfitness.

Fornearlytwodecades,athin,sun-burntpostalworkercouldfrequentlybeseen

carryingpackagesalongadangerousmountaintrailintheTaihangMountains.

The1O-kilometer-longroute,whichisbetween20centimetersand1meterwide,is

knownasthe“catroad"bylocals,meaningthatitissodangerousthatonlycatscouldwalk

onit.Whereas,ZhaoYuefang,apostalworkerinEwutownshipinHuguancounty,Shanxi

province,hadtowalktherouteeverydaytodelivermail.

Everydayatthecrackofdawn,hewouldstarthisjourneyalongthe"catroad”.From

pickinguptheday'sposttodeliveringittovillagersandreturningalongthesameroute,it

tookZhaofourdays.Duringrainyandsnowyseasons,themountainroad,partofwhichhugs

thecliffs,wouldbecomeslipperyanddangerous.Onedayinthewinterof2003,the“cat

road"wascoveredinthicksnowandheslippedoffthetrail.Fortunately,hewasabletostop

hissharpdescentbygrabbingatreebranchandslowlymanagedtoclimbtosafety.

By2012,Zhaohadwalkedmorethan300,000kmanddeliveredover800,000piecesof

mail.Bornandraisedinthedeepmountains,Zhaotrulyunderstandsthesignificanceofmail

deliveriestovillagers."Theydependonthemailtokeepintouchwiththeoutsideworld/9he

said."Theirsheerjoywrittenontheirfacewhilereceivinganypoststruckme,“headded.

In2012,a67-km-longtouristhighwaywasbuiltandgonewerethosedayswhenZhao

riskedhislifetowalkonthe“catroad”.ButZhaowasevenbusierthanbefore."Thenumber

ofpackagesIhandledailynowexceedsthenumberIusedtodealwithinthepast,“saidZhao,

addingthatvillagersareturningtoonlineshoppingandorderingmoreandmoregoodsby

post.

4.Whyisthemountaintrailreferredtoas“catroad"?

A.Ifsshapedlikeacat.B.It'sintendedforcats.

C.Itistoonarrowandrisky.D.Itrainscatsanddogsthere.

5.Whatdoestheword“descent“inparagraph3mean?

A.Fall.B.Pain.C.Turn.D.Landing.

6.Accordingtothepassage,whichwordscanbestdescribeZhao?

A.Persistentanddedicated.B.Diligentandambitious.

C.Considerateandconfident.D.Courageousandgenerous.

7.WhathasalwaysmotivatedZhao'senthusiasmforhisjob?

A.Thevillagers9respectforhim.

B.Hisbeingbornandraisedthere.

C.Today'shugenumberofthepackages.

D.Thevalueofthedeliveriestothelocals.

Islifeastoryoragame?Answersmayvaryfromonetoanother.Overthecourseoflife,

wefindthingstoloveandcommitto一ajob,apartneroracommunity.Attimes,we

struggletolearnfromourmisfortunestogrowinwisdom,kindnessandgrace.

WillStorr,awriterwhoseworkIadmire,saysthisstoryversionoflifeisa

misunderstanding.InhisbookTheStatusGame,hearguesthathumanbeingsaredeeply

drivenbystatus.Ratherthanaboutbeinglikedoraccepted,hewrites,ifsaboutbeingbetter

thanothers."Whenpeopleareobedienttous,offerrespect,admirationorpraise,thafsstatus.

Itfeelsgood.”

Lifeisaseriesofgames,headds.There9sthehighschoolgameofcompetingtobethe

popularkid.Thelawyergametomakepartner.Thefinancegametomakethemostmoney.

Theacademicgameforfame.Thesportsgametoshowthatourteamisthebest.Evenwhen

wearetryingtodogood,Storrclaims,we'replayingthe“virtuegame“toshowweare

morallysuperiortoothers.

IthinkStorrisindangerofbecomingoneofthoseguyswhoignorethenobledesiresof

thehumanheartandthecaringelementineveryfriendshipandfamily.Thestatus-madworld

thatStorrdescribesissoloveless.Infact,gamingasawayoflifeisimmature.Maturity

meansrisingabovetheshallowdesire一forstatus一thatdoesn'treallynourishus.It's

aboutcultivatingthehigherdesires:theloveoftruthandlearning;theinnerpleasurethe

craftsmangetsinhiswork,whichisnotaboutpopularity,andthedesireforagoodand

meaningfullifethatinspirespeopletopractisedailyactsofgenerosity.

Howdopeoplegraduallylearntocultivatethesehighermotivations?Toanswerthat,I'd

havetotellyouastory.

8.WhatliesinthecoreofWillStorr9sopinionaboutlife?

A.Theprideinone'svirtue.B.Thepursuitofsuperiority.

C.Thedesireforacceptance.D.Themotivationbywealth.

9.Whatcanbeviewedashighermotivationsinthetext?

A.Loveandinspiration.B.Maturityanddesire.

C.Commitmentandkindness.D.Friendshipandpopularity.

10.Whafsthemainpurposeofthepassage?

A.Tocorrectanattitude.B.Tocomparetwovalues.

C.Toexplaintwoarguments.D.Tocriticizeaviewpoint.

11.Whatstorydoyouthinktheauthorwilltellnext?

A.Aking^-comebackstory.B.Arags-to-richesstory.

C.AYuanLongping-stylestory.D.Anovernight-successstory.

Wouldapersonbornblind,whohaslearnedtodistinguishobjectsbytouch,beableto

recognizethempurelybysightifheregainedtheabilitytosee?Thequestion,knownas

Molyneux'sproblem,isaboutwhetherthehumanmindhasabuilt-inconceptofshapesthat

issoinbornthatablindpersoncouldimmediatelyrecognizeanobjectwithrestoredvision.

Alternatively,theconceptsofshapesarenotinbornbuthavetobelearnedbyexploringan

objectthroughsight,touchandothersenses.

Aftertheirattempttotestitinblindchildrenfailed,LarsChittkaofQueenMary

UniversityofLondonandhisteamcarriedoutanotherexperimentonbumblebees.Totest

whetherbumblebeescanformaninternalrepresentationofobjects,theyfirsttrainedthe

insectstodistinguishglobesfromcubesusingasugarreward.Thebeeswerefirsttrainedin

thelight,wheretheycouldseebutnottouchtheobjects.Thentheyweretestedinthedark,

wheretheycouldtouchbutnotseetheitems.Theresearchersfoundthattheinsectsspent

moretimeincontactwiththeshapetheyhadbeentrainedtoassociatewiththesugarreward,

eventhoughtheyhadtorelyontouchratherthansighttodistinguishtheobjects.

Theresearchersalsodidtheoppositetestwithuntrainedbumblebees,firstteachingthem

withrewardsinthedarkandthentestingtheminthelight.Again,thebeeswereableto

recognizetheshapeassociatedwiththesugarreward,thoughtheyhadtorelyonsightrather

thantouchinthetest.Inshort,beeshavesolvedMolyneux'sproblembecausethefact

suggeststhattheycanpictureobjectfeaturesandaccessthemthroughsightortouch.

However,someexpertsexpresstheirwarningsagainsttheresult.JonathanBirch,a

philosopherofscience,cautionsthatthebeesmayhavehadpriorexperienceassociating

visualandtactile（觸覺(jué)）informationaboutstraightedgesandcurvedsurfacesintheirnests.

12.WhatisMolyneux9sproblemabout?

A.Whethermankind'ssenseoftouchoutweighssight.

B.Whethermankind'sideaofshapeisinbornorlearned.

C.Whetherblindpeoplecanidentifytheshapeofanitem.

D.Whethertheblindcanregaintheirsenseoftouchafterrecovery.

13.HowdidLorsChittkaandhiscolleaguestrytofigureoutMolyneux9sproblem?

A.Byexperimentationonblindchildren.

B.Byconductingcontrolledexperiments.

C.Byrewardingbumblebeeswithsugar.

D.Byobservingbumblebeesintheirnests.

14.WhatisJonathanBirch'sattitudetowardstheconclusionofthebeeexperiments?

A.Skeptical.B.Supportive.C.Dismissive.D.Ambiguous.

15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?

A.ScientistsFoundSensesMatter

B.Visual-TactilePuzzleHasBeenSolved

C.ExperimentsWillHelptheBlindRegainSight

D.BumblebeesMayHelpSolveMolyneux'sProblem

二、七選五

16.DailyHabitstoHelpYouGetHealthierin2024

Manyofushopetomakechangesforthebetterforthenewyear,andhealthgoalstendto

beatthetopofthatlist.SometimesNewYear'swishesrequiresomesacrifices.①

Belowaresomeachievabledailyhabitsthatkeepyouroverallhealth.

Prioritizesleep.

Yourbodyneedstimenotonlytorestandrecharge,butalsotodoimportantworklike

learningnewthings.Expertssuggestteenagersshouldgetatleasteighthourssleepeachday.

Ifthisisachallengeforyou,turntoyourcircadianrhythm,whichtellsyoutherighttimeto

sleepandwakeup.②Justgotobedandgetupatthesametimeeveryday.

Takeabreakfromelectronics.

Infact,studieshavefoundthatscreenaddictionhasanegativeinfluenceonourhealth.

(3)Keepingawayfromscreencanimproveyoursleepandreducedepressionandanxiety.

Thus,remembertosparetimeeachdaywhenyou'rescreen-free.

④______

Yourhealthyhabitscanalsobefunandrewarding.Whathaveyoualwayswantedtodo?

Youranswertothatquestionmightpointyoutowardanewhobbytoexplorein2024.And

gettingintoitcanhelpyoureducestressandboostmentalwell-being.Plus,somehobbiescan

getyoumoving,boostingyourphysicalandmentalhealth.⑤

Ultimately,youcanpickoneortwohealthydailyhabits.AndIamsureyou'llbemoving

towardahealthier,happier2024.

A.Fightagainststress.

B.Takeonanewhobby.

C.Fortunately,doingtheoppositeisbeneficial.

D.Thenhowdoyouuseyourbodyclockforbettersleep?

E.Forbettersleep,perhapsmakethatthelastthingbeforebed.

F.However,wedon'thavetogiveuptoomuchtorealizethem.

G.Maybeplayingbasketballordoingyogawillbeagoodchoice.

三、完形填空（15空）

OnahotafternoonRhiannonwasdrivingheroldvandownthehighway.Asshe1

herwindowtoletinsomefreshair,hercarregistrationpaperblewoffthesunvisor（防曬板）

andontothefloorinside.Whenleaningdownto2it,sheaccidentallydriftedinto

oncomingtraffic.Inpanic,sheover-correctedandpulledthe3sharplyintheother

direction.4thevanrolledoverthreetimes,andRhiannonwasthrownontotheroad,

lyinginthemiddleoftheroadandbleeding,nearly5.

Amedicalstudentwitnessedtheaccidentandcametoher6HecoveredRhiannon

withhiscoatandgaveheremergencyfirstaid,including7thewoundonherleftarm

beforetheambulancearrived.

8Rhiannonwasrushedtoahospitalwhereanemergencyroomdoctorspenthours

9_allthepiecesofwindshield（擋風(fēng)玻璃）fromherarm,andgaveherthreedozenstitches

（縫針）.

Luckily,Rhiannonwassaved.Notforthebandage,shewouldnothave10long

enoughfortheemergencypersonneltoarrive.ThoughRhiannondidn'tknowhim,shewas

gratefultothemedicalstudentwhosavedherlife.Soshe11thewordsonline,"It'sa

pitythatIdon'tknowyourname.Ifyouhappentoseeorhearthisstoryandrecognize

yourself,thankyouforyourkind12

Rhiannonalsohadamessagefortheother13heroes,"Pleaseconsiderthisapay-it-

forwardletterof14——aletterfromthe15youhelpedwho,forwhateverreason.

couldn'tthankyouthemselves.^^

17.A.rolleddownB.brokeoffC.turneddownD.switchedoff

18.A.stickB.grabC.touchD.possess

19.A.handleB.engineC.windowD.wheel

20.A.ConsequentlyB.Automatically

C.FrequentlyD.Slowly

21.A.awakeB.astonishedC.unconsciousD.crazy

22.A.visionB.actionC.rescueD.mind

23.A.bandagingB.curingC.pressingD.uncovering

24.A.WithoutdelayB.Outofsympathy

C.ForcertaintyD.Indespair

25.A.tidyingB.removingC.collectingD.checking

26.A.sufferedB.struggledC.stayedD.survived

27.A.searchedB.browsedC.receivedD.posted

28.A.guidanceB.gestureC.expressionD.encouragement

29.A.tirelessB.faultlessC.namelessD.speechless

30.A.apologyB.applicationC.invitationD.appreciation

31.A.peersB.strangersC.relativesD.fellows

四、短文填空

32.ThePeasants(II)

Atnoontheyhoeupweeds;

Theirsweatdripsonthesoil.

Whoknowsthericethatfeeds

Isthefruitofhardtoil!

Foodisanecessityforsurvival.Butdoyouknowhowmuchworkgoesintoproducingit?

ThepoemThePeasants(〃)，①(write)byLiShen,aTangDynastypoet,shows②

(we)thehardshipofthepeasants.

Thefirsttwolinesdescribeacommonscene(3)peasantsareworkingtheirlandsat

noonwiththesun(4)(hang)highinthesky,sweatdripping.Inthelasttwolines,the

poet⑤(direct)pointsoutthatthericeweeatisthefruitofpeasants9hardwork.

Simpleasthepoemisinitslanguage,itisprofoundinthetheme,remindingpeople(6)

thesignificanceoftreasuringfood.AccordingtotheFAO,anestimated1.3billiontonsof

food,orone-thirdof⑦totalfoodproducedforhumanconsumption,iswastedglobally

eachyear.Therefore,ifshighlysuggestedthateverygrainofrice(8)(value).InChina,

wehaveadoptedalawonfoodwaste(9)(offer)legalbackingtothecountry'sefforts

whichnotonlysafeguardfoodsecurity⑩promotethetraditionalvirtueofthrift(節(jié)儉)

aswell.

Nexttimeyouwanttothrowawayfood,pleasethinktwice.

五、書(shū)面表達(dá)

33.假設(shè)你是育才中學(xué)高三學(xué)生李華，上周六你參加了學(xué)校舉辦的大學(xué)生返校分享活

動(dòng)。請(qǐng)為校英語(yǔ)報(bào)寫(xiě)一篇英文報(bào)道。內(nèi)容如下：

1.活動(dòng)目的；

2.活動(dòng)內(nèi)容；

3.活動(dòng)反響。

注意：1.寫(xiě)作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80個(gè)左右；

2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

CollegeStudents'Sharing

六、讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)

34.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短

文。

IclearlyrememberthedayIwalkedintoclasswithabigchange一myveryfirstpairof

eyeglassesandIwasthefirsttowearglassesinmyprimaryschool.Iwasfilledwith

excitement,eagertoshowthemofftomyfriends.Ihadchosenpinkframedglasses,thinking

theywouldlookfantasticonme.

Ihadneverwornglassesbefore,soselectingthemfeltlikeafunshoppingexperience.I

gottopicktheshapeIlikedandevenchoseaprettypinkandpurplecolourcombination.

Thereasonbehindgettingtheglasseswasmypooreyesight.Icouldn'tcopywordsand

propergrammarfromtheblackboardbecauseIsatatthebackoftheclass,andeverything

wastoovagueformetosee.MyfriendwouldreadaloudeveryphrasetomesothatIcould

writethemdown,likeaparrot.

Wearingthoseglasseswaslikesteppingintoa3Dcinematicworld.Icouldsee

everythingasclearlyandeachtinydetailfeltlikeadelightfulsurprise.

However,onthedayIworemyglassestoschool,everyone'sreactiontomy

transformationwasbeyondmyexpectation.Alltheboyslaughedandeventeasedme.Some

kind-heartedgirlsforcedasmileandtoldmethatmyglasseslookedgoodonme,butIknew

theydidn't.Theyalllied.

ThoughIneededthoseglassesmorethanIwantedthem,yetIstartedtodislikemynew

glassesinthefollowingweek.Amonthpassed,myclassmatesstillweren'tusedtoseeingme

inglassesandItookthemoffduringthelunchbreakorwhentheclassesweredismissed.

However,littledidIknowthatmydecisiontowearthemwouldchangethelivesofmanyof

myfriends.

注意：

1.續(xù)寫(xiě)詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；

2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

OneMonday,oneofmyfriendslookedatmewithcuriosity.

Aweeklater,Iwasshockedtoseethesamefriendreturntoschoolwithapairofglasses.

參考答案

1.答案：B

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章England部分中“AftertheKing'sorQueen'sannual

Christmasspeech,it'stimeforthemainmeal,typicallyincludingaturkeyorroastbeef

accompaniedbyvarioussidedishes.（在國(guó)王或女王的年度圣誕演講之后，是吃正餐的時(shí)

間，通常包括火雞或烤牛肉以及各種配菜。）”可知，在圣誕節(jié)慶?；顒?dòng)中，英國(guó)有一

年一度的王室致辭。故選B。

2.答案：D

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章Italy部分中“SimilartoFrance,ItalianscelebrateChristmas

ontheeve.ThelocalstypicallyattendmidnightMassandthenindulgeinalavishmeal

beforeheadingtochurch.（和法國(guó)人一樣，意大利人在圣誕節(jié)前夕慶祝圣誕節(jié)。當(dāng)?shù)厝?/p>

通常會(huì)參加午夜彌撒，然后在去教堂之前享受一頓豐盛的大餐。廠和Greece部分中

“AfterattendinganearlymorningholycommunioninchurchonChristmas,Greeksgohome

foranall-dayeatinggathering.（在圣誕節(jié)清晨參加完教堂的圣餐后，希臘人會(huì)回家吃上

一整天。）”可知，要體驗(yàn)宗教氛圍，最好在意大利和希臘。故選D。

3.答案：C

解析：推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是由文章第一段“ThecuisinethatmarksChristmas

isasdiverseasthepeoplefeastingonit.Here'salookathowthelocalscelebrateChristmas

throughcuisineintheircountries,whichwillgiveyouaglimpseofthecelebrations.（慶祝圣

誕節(jié)的美食和享用圣誕大餐的人一樣豐富多彩。下面我們來(lái)看看當(dāng)?shù)厝耸侨绾瓮ㄟ^(guò)美

食來(lái)慶祝圣誕節(jié)的，這將讓你對(duì)慶祝活動(dòng)有一個(gè)大致的了解。廣可知，這段話可能來(lái)

自雜志的節(jié)日和傳統(tǒng)一欄。故選C。

4.答案：C

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“The1O-kilometer-longroute,whichisbetween20

centimetersand1meterwide,isknownasthe“catroad^^bylocals,meaningthatitisso

dangerousthatonlycatscouldwalkonit.（這條路長(zhǎng)10公里，寬20厘米到1米，被當(dāng)?shù)?/p>

人稱(chēng)為“貓路”，意思是這條路非常危險(xiǎn)，只有貓才能在上面走）”可知，因?yàn)檫@條路太

窄，風(fēng)險(xiǎn)太大，只有貓才能在上面走，所以被稱(chēng)為“貓路”。故選C項(xiàng)。

5.答案：A

解析：詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)前文“Onedayinthewinterof2003,the"catroad"wascovered

inthicksnowandheslippedoffthetrail.（2003年冬天的一天，"貓路”被厚厚的積雪覆

蓋，他滑下了小路）“在結(jié)合后文“grabbingatreebranch（抓住一根樹(shù)枝）“可知，他滑下了

小路，但是他抓住一根樹(shù)枝，應(yīng)是阻止了急劇的下降，推知descent意為“下降”之意，

和A項(xiàng)意思相近。故選A項(xiàng)。

6.答案：A

解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段"Fornearlytwodecades,athin,sun-burntpostalworker

couldfrequentlybeseencarryingpackagesalongadangerousmountaintrailintheTaihang

Mountains.（近二十年來(lái)，在太行山的一條危險(xiǎn)的山路上，經(jīng)?？梢钥吹揭粋€(gè)瘦削的、

被太陽(yáng)曬得黝黑的郵遞員拎著包裹）''以及第三段“Everydayatthecrackofdawn,he

wouldstarthisjourneyalongthe“catroad^^.Frompickinguptheday'sposttodeliveringitto

villagersandreturningalongthesameroute,ittookZhaofourdays.Duringrainyandsnowy

seasons,themountainroad,partofwhichhugsthecliffs,wouldbecomeslipperyand

dangerous.（每天天一亮，他就沿著“貓路”出發(fā)。從取當(dāng)天的郵件到把郵件送到村民手

中，再沿著同一條路線返回，趙花了四天時(shí)間。在雨季和雪季，這條山道會(huì)變得很滑

很危險(xiǎn)，因?yàn)橛幸徊糠稚降谰o靠懸崖）”可知，趙岳芳20年來(lái)一直在太行山一條被稱(chēng)為

“貓路”的危險(xiǎn)山路上投遞郵件，他堅(jiān)持不懈、有奉獻(xiàn)精神，即使路線危險(xiǎn)也不放棄，

因此最能描述他的詞語(yǔ)是“Persistentanddedicated（堅(jiān)持不懈和奉獻(xiàn)的）”。故選A項(xiàng)。

7.答案：D

解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Bornandraisedinthedeepmountains,Zhaotruly

understandsthesignificanceofmaildeliveriestovillagers.'"Theydependonthemailtokeep

intouchwiththeoutsideworld,“hesaid,"Theirsheerjoywrittenontheirfacewhile

receivinganypoststruckme,55headded.（在深山中出生和長(zhǎng)大的趙真正理解給村民送郵件

的意義?！八麄円揽苦]件與外界保持聯(lián)系，”他說(shuō)。他補(bǔ)充說(shuō)：“他們?cè)谑盏饺魏梧]件時(shí)

臉上寫(xiě)著的那種純粹的快樂(lè)讓我印象深刻。”廣可知，趙出生長(zhǎng)大在深山，他真切理解

郵件傳遞對(duì)于村民的重要性，所以是郵件傳遞的價(jià)值一直激勵(lì)著趙對(duì)于工作的熱情。

故選D項(xiàng)。

8.答案：B

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“InhisbookTheStatusGame,hearguesthathuman

beingsaredeeplydrivenbystatus.Ratherthanaboutbeinglikedoraccepted,hewrites,ifs

aboutbeingbetterthanothers."Whenpeopleareobedienttous,offerrespect,admirationor

praise,thafsstatus.Itfeelsgood.5（在他的著作《地位游戲》中，他認(rèn)為人類(lèi)深受地位的

驅(qū)使。他寫(xiě)道，這不是關(guān)于被喜歡或被接受，而是關(guān)于比別人更好。‘當(dāng)人們順從我

們，給予尊重、欽佩或贊美時(shí)，這就是地位。感覺(jué)很好?！?可知，WillStorr的作品核

心在于追求更高的地位，要比別人更好，B項(xiàng)“追求卓越”符合題意，故選B。

9.答案：C

解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Overthecourseoflife,wefindthingstoloveand

committo一ajob,apartneroracommunity.Attimes,westruggletolearnfromour

misfortunestogrowinwisdom,kindnessandgrace.（在生命的過(guò)程中，我們會(huì)找到一些值

得熱愛(ài)和承諾的事情一一份工作、一個(gè)伴侶或一個(gè)社區(qū)。有時(shí)，我們掙扎著從不幸中

學(xué)習(xí)，在智慧、善良和優(yōu)雅中成長(zhǎng)）”和第四段中“It5saboutcultivatingthehigherdesires:

theloveoftruthandlearning;theinnerpleasurethecraftsmangetsinhiswork,whichisnot

aboutpopularity,andthedesireforagoodandmeaningfullifethatinspirespeopletopractise

dailyactsofgenerosity.（它是關(guān)于培養(yǎng)更高的愿望：對(duì)真理和學(xué)習(xí)的熱愛(ài)；工匠從他的

作品中獲得的內(nèi)心愉悅，與受歡迎與否無(wú)關(guān)，以及對(duì)美好而有意義的生活的渴望，激

勵(lì)著人們踐行慷慨的日常行為）”可知，C項(xiàng)“承諾和善良”可以被視為更高的動(dòng)機(jī)，故選

Co

10.答案：A

解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容，結(jié)合第四段中“IthinkStorrisindangerofbecoming

oneofthoseguyswhoignorethenobledesiresofthehumanheartandthecaringelementin

everyfriendshipandfamily.Thestatus-madworldthatStorrdescribesissoloveless.Infact,

gamingasawayoflifeisimmature.Maturitymeansrisingabovetheshallowdesire一for

status—thatdoesn'treallynourishus.Ifsaboutcultivatingthehigherdesires...（我認(rèn)為斯托

爾有可能成為那些忽視人類(lèi)內(nèi)心的崇高愿望和每一份友誼和家庭中的關(guān)懷元素的人之

一。Storr所描述的這個(gè)為地位而瘋狂的世界是如此缺乏愛(ài)。事實(shí)上，游戲作為一種生

活方式是不成熟的。成熟意味著超越膚淺的欲望一對(duì)地位的渴望一這并不能真正滋養(yǎng)

我們。它是關(guān)于培養(yǎng)更高的愿望）“可知，文章首句"Islifeastoryoragame?（生活是一個(gè)

故事還是一場(chǎng)游戲?）”提出問(wèn)題：生活是一個(gè)故事還是一場(chǎng)游戲？接著提到了作家Will

Storr對(duì)此問(wèn)題的回答，WillStorr認(rèn)為生活就是一系列的游戲，人類(lèi)深受地位的驅(qū)使，

接著作者提到這種生活態(tài)度是不成熟的，故本文目的是糾正一種態(tài)度，故選A。

11.答案：C

解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句"Ifsaboutcultivatingthehigherdesires:the

loveoftruthandlearning;theinnerpleasurethecraftsmangetsinhiswork,whichisnot

aboutpopularity,andthedesireforagoodandmeaningfullifethatinspirespeopletopractise

dailyactsofgenerosity.（它是關(guān)于培養(yǎng)更高的愿望：對(duì)真理和學(xué)習(xí)的熱愛(ài)；工匠從他的

作品中獲得的內(nèi)心愉悅，與受歡迎與否無(wú)關(guān)，以及對(duì)美好而有意義的生活的渴望，激

勵(lì)著人們踐行慷慨的日常行為）”和最后一段“Howdopeoplegraduallylearntocultivate

thesehighermotivations?Toanswerthat,rdhavetotellyouastory.（人們?nèi)绾沃饾u學(xué)會(huì)培

養(yǎng)這些更高的動(dòng)機(jī)？要回答這個(gè)問(wèn)題，我得給你講個(gè)故事廣可知，更高的愿望是對(duì)真

理和學(xué)習(xí)的熱愛(ài)和對(duì)美好而有意義的生活的渴望，作者接下來(lái)要講述關(guān)于如何培養(yǎng)這

些更高動(dòng)機(jī)的故事，C項(xiàng)“一個(gè)袁隆平式的故事”符合更高動(dòng)機(jī)的內(nèi)涵，故選C。

12.答案：B

解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Thequestion,knownasMolyneux9sproblem,isabout

whetherthehumanmindhasabuilt-inconceptofshapesthatissoinbornthatablindperson

couldimmediatelyrecognizeanobjectwithrestoredvision.Alternatively,theconceptsof

shapesarenotinbornbuthavetobelearnedbyexploringanobjectthroughsight,touchand

othersenses.（這個(gè)問(wèn)題被稱(chēng)為Molyneux的問(wèn)題，是關(guān)于人類(lèi)大腦是否有一種內(nèi)在的形

狀概念，這種概念是天生的，以至于盲人可以在恢復(fù)視力的情況下立即認(rèn)出物體。另

外，形狀的概念不是天生的，而是必須通過(guò)視覺(jué)、觸覺(jué)和其他感官探索物體來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)

的）“可知，Molyneux問(wèn)題的內(nèi)容是人類(lèi)的形狀觀念是天生的還是后天習(xí)得的。故選B

項(xiàng)。

13.答案：B

解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Aftertheirattempttotestitinblindchildrenfailed,Lars

ChittkaofQueenMaryUniversityofLondonandhisteamcarriedoutanotherexperimenton

bumblebees.Totestwhetherbumblebeescanformaninternalrepresentationofobjects,they

firsttrainedtheinsectstodistinguishglobesfromcubesusingasugarreward.Thebeeswere

firsttrainedinthelight,wheretheycouldseebutnottouchtheobjects.Thentheyweretested

inthedark,wheretheycouldtouchbutnotseetheitems.Theresearchersfoundthatthe

insectsspentmoretimeincontactwiththeshapetheyhadbeentrainedtoassociatewiththe

sugarreward,eventhoughtheyhadtorelyontouchratherthansighttodistinguishthe

objects.（在他們?cè)噲D在失明兒童身上進(jìn)行測(cè)試失敗后，倫敦瑪麗女王大學(xué)的Lars

Chittka和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)在大黃蜂身上進(jìn)行了另一項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)。為了測(cè)試大黃蜂是否能形成對(duì)物

體的內(nèi)部表征，他們首先用糖獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)來(lái)訓(xùn)練大黃蜂區(qū)分球形和立方體。蜜蜂首先在光線

下訓(xùn)練，在那里它們可以看到但不能觸摸物體。然后他們?cè)诤诎抵羞M(jìn)行測(cè)試，在那里

他們可以觸摸但看不到物品。研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，這些昆蟲(chóng)花了更多的時(shí)間來(lái)接觸它們被

訓(xùn)練成與糖獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)相關(guān)聯(lián)的形狀，盡管它們必須依靠觸覺(jué)而不是視覺(jué)來(lái)區(qū)分物體）”可

知，LorsChittka和他的同事是通過(guò)控制實(shí)驗(yàn)來(lái)研究Molyneux問(wèn)題。故選B項(xiàng)。

14.答案：A

解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段"However,someexpertsexpresstheirwarningsagainst

theresult.JonathanBirch,aphilosopherofscience,cautionsthatthebeesmayhavehadprior

experienceassociatingvisualandtactile（觸覺(jué)）informationaboutstraightedgesandcurved

surfacesintheirnests.（然而，一些專(zhuān)家對(duì)這一結(jié)果提出了警告?？茖W(xué)哲學(xué)家喬納森?伯奇

（JonathanBirch）警告說(shuō)，蜜蜂可能已經(jīng)有了將巢中的直邊和曲面的視覺(jué)和觸覺(jué)信息聯(lián)

系起來(lái)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)）”可知，JonathanBirch認(rèn)為蜜蜂可能已經(jīng)有了將巢中的直邊和曲面的視

覺(jué)和觸覺(jué)信息聯(lián)系起來(lái)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，所以是持懷疑的態(tài)度。故選A項(xiàng)。

15.答案：D

解析：主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段"Thequestion,knownasMolyneux5sproblem,isabout

whetherthehumanmindhasabuilt-inconceptofshapesthatissoinbornthatablindperson

couldimmediatelyrecognizeanobjectwithrestoredvision.Alternatively,theconceptsof

shapesarenotinbornbuthavetobelearnedbyexploringanobjectthroughsight,touchand

othersenses.（這個(gè)問(wèn)題被稱(chēng)為Molyneux的問(wèn)題，是關(guān)于人類(lèi)大腦是否有一種內(nèi)在的形

狀概念，這種概念是天生的，以至于盲人可以在恢復(fù)視力的情況下立即認(rèn)出物體。另

外，形狀的概念不是天生的，而是必須通過(guò)視覺(jué)、觸覺(jué)和其他感官探索物體來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)

的）”以及縱觀全文可知，本文主要講述了Molyneux問(wèn)題，并通過(guò)大黃蜂來(lái)進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)研

究，所以D項(xiàng)“BumblebeesMayHelpSolveMolyneux'sProblem（大黃蜂可能幫助

Molyneux解決問(wèn)題）“是本文最好的標(biāo)題。故選D項(xiàng)。

16.答案：FDCBG

解析：①根據(jù)前文"Manyofushopetomakechangesforthebetterforthenewyear,and

healthgoalstendtobeatthetopofthatlist.SometimesNewYear'swishesrequiresome

sacrifices.（我們中的許多人都希望在新的一年里做出更好的改變，而健康目標(biāo)往往是最

重要的。有時(shí)新年愿望需要一些犧牲）”以及后文"Belowaresomeachievabledailyhabits

thatkeepyouroverallhealth.（以下是一些可以實(shí)現(xiàn)的日常習(xí)慣，可以保持你的整體健

康）”可知，前文講述新年愿望需要一些犧牲，后文開(kāi)始介紹一些可以實(shí)現(xiàn)的日常習(xí)

慣，前后為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，所以空處應(yīng)和前文轉(zhuǎn)折，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“However,wedon'thavetogiveup

toomuchtorealizethem.（然而，我們不需要放棄太多來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)它們）“符合文意，和前文構(gòu)

成