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考研外語模擬試題3
一、UseofEnglish
1、TheBibleisthegreatworkofthereligiousliterature
andwasinprocessofformationforabouttwelvehundredyears.
TheBibleiscomposedof[1],legend,biography,genealogies,
ethics,law,proverbialwisdom,sermons,prophesy,lyric
poetry,hymnsandtheology.Itisnotonly[2]abookbuta
[3]ofbooks.
TheBible[4]twomajor【5】,theOldTestamentandthe
NewTestament.TheOldTestamentwaswrittenoriginallyalmost
entirely[6]HebrewwithalittleAramaic,fromtheeleventh
tothesecondcenturyBC.Itisthenational[7]literatureof
thepeopleofIsrael.TheNewTestamentwaswritteninGreek
fromabout40ADto150.It[8]theearliestdocuments[9]
thelife,teaching,crucifixionandresurrectionofJesusand
theestablishmentofthe[10]church.The[11]workisfromthe
firstbookGenesis,tothelast,Revelations.
The[12]andrichnessoftheBible[13]literature[14]the
OldTestamentareunparalleled.Intheliterary[15],poetry,
TheBibleis[16].
TheBibleisanassemblageofliterature.Itisinaunique
[17]amongtheworld'sbooks[18]therichnessofits[19]
andspiritualvalues.Itcanbecalledthe[20]ofbooks.
(1)
A.fiction
B.history
C.novel
D.drama
2、(2)
A.presumably
B.shortly
C.presently
D.simply
3、(3)
A.collection
B.constitution
C.criticism
D.contradiction
4、(4)
A.makes
B.moderates
C.comprises
D.composes
5、(5)
A.diversion
B.distinction
C.divisions
D.discrepancy
6、(6)
A.on
B.by
C.with
D.in
7、(7)
A.permanent
B.religious
C.identical
D.theoretical
8、(8)
A.contains
B.contaminates
C.commends
D.commences
9、(9)
A.through
B.on
C.within
D.by
10、(10)
A.Catholic
B.contemporary
C.Christian
D.confidential
IK(H)
A.vast
B.valid
C.verbal
D.virtual
⑵(12)
A.divorce
B.distress
C.dismay
D.diversity
13、(13)
A.as
B.for
C.of
D.by
14、(14)
A.traditionally
B.conversely
C.especially
D.practically
15、(15)
A.standard
B.form
C.stand
D.formation
16、(16)
A.cunning
B.promising
C.underlying
D.surpassing
17、(17)
A.place
B.venue
C.position
D.site
18、(18)
A.for
B.on
C.in
D.to
19、(19)
A.greedy
B.artistic
C.practical
D.absurd
20、(20)
A.chapter
B.poem
C.romance
D.book
二、ReadingComprehension
1、PartA
Directions:Readthefollowingfourtexts.Answerthequestions
beloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.(40points)
Ifsoldieringwasforthemoney,theSpecialAirService(SAS)
andtheSpecialBoatService(SBS)wouldhavedisintegratedin
recentyears.Suchhasbeentheexplosioninprivatemilitary
companies(PMCs)thattheyemployanestimated30,000inIraq
alone一andnogovernmentcanmatchtheirfatsalaries.Ayoung
SAStrooperearnsabout£2,000($3,500)amonth;onthe
“circuit”,assoldierscalltheprivateworld,hecouldget
£15,000.Whywouldhenot?
Forreasonsbothwarm-heartedandcool-headed.First,forlove
ofregimentandcomrades,bondsthattendtobetightestinthe
mostselectunits.Second,fortheoperationalsupport,notably
fieldmedicine,andthesecurity,includinglifeassuranceand
pension,thatcomewiththequeen'spaltryshilling.
Althoughtherehasbeennohaemorrhagingofspecialforce(SF)
fighterstotheprivatesector,therehasbeenenoughofa
trickletocauseofficialunease.Amemorecentlycirculated
intheMinistryofDefencedetailedthelossof24SFsenior
non-commissionedofficerstoprivatecompaniesinthepastyear.
Allhadcompleted22yearsofservice,andsowereeligiblefor
afullpension,andneartheendoftheircareers.Yetthere
isnowashortageofhard-bittenveteranstofilltrainingand
otherjobsearmarkedforthem,underasystemforretainingthem
knownas“continuance”.
Americahasrespondedtotheproblembythrowingcashatit,
offeringincentivesofupto$150,000tosignnewcontracts.
TheMinistryofDefencehasfoundacheaperploy.Ithasspread
thestoryoftwoBritishPMCemployees,recentlykilledinIraq,
whosebodieswereleftrottinginthesun.
Itcanbeinferredfromthefirstparagraphthat______.
A.theprivateworldiscalled"circuit"bysoldiers
B.PMCsemployanestimated30,000soldiersinIraqalone
C.Britain'sbestsoldiersstandresoluteagainstmammon
D.AyoungSBStrooperearnsabout£15,000
2、
Theword"security“inthesecondparagraphmostprobably
means.
A.protection
B.document
C.certificate
D.safety
3、
Paragraph2iswrittento.
A.advancebothwarm-heartedandcool-headedcauses
B.reinteratethesignificanceofqueen'spaltryshilling
C.shed1ightontheloveofregimentandcomrades
D.interpretwhyyoungSAStrooperswouldnotget£15,000
4、
Theconclusioncanbemadefromthethirdparagraphthat.
A.theMinistryofDefencedetailed24SBStroopers
B.thefatsalariesbytheprivatemilitarycompanieshave
workedtosomeSFtroopers
C.thepresentsystemforretaininghard-bittenveteransis
impeccable
D.20yearsofserviceunderliesafullpension
5、
Inthelastparagraphofthetext,theauthorhas.
A.commentonatip
B.anticipatearesult
C.madeacontrast
D.depictasample
6^AsanydiplomatfromBritain,AustriaorTurkeycantell
you,handlingthelegacyofavanished,far-flungempireisa
trickybusiness.ButforGeorgia,thegapbetweenoldgloryand
presentvulnerabilityisespeciallywide.
Today,sGeorgiaisdiminishedbywar,buffetedbygeopolitics
andrecoveringfrompost-Sovietchaos.But800yearsagothe
countrywasamightymilitary,culturalandecclesiastical
force.Itsgreatestmonarch,QueenTamara,defeatedmanyfoes
(includingherfirsthusband)andbuiltfinemonuments.Inher
9
time,GeorgiaalsohadabigstakeintheChristianlifeofthe
HolyLand.FromJerusalemtotheBalkans,Georgia(spriests,
artistsandchurch-builderswereactiveandrespected.Sotoo
wereitspoets,likeShotaRustaveli,thenationalbardwho
dedicatedanepictohisbelovedqueen.
Inbetweenseekingwesternaidandcopingwithpowercuts,
modernGeorgiahaspledgedtokeepawaryeyeoneveryplace
wherechurches,inscriptionsandfrescoestestifytoitsgolden
age.ThatincludesGreece,Turkey,Bulgaria,Romaniaandabove
all,Israel.Lastyear,Georgianswereenragedwhenafresco
ofRustaveli,inaJerusalemchurchunderthecareoftheGreek
OrthodoxPatriarchate,wasdefaced,thenbadlyrestored.This
year,abetterrestorationwasdone,butGeorgiansnowwanta
promisethatinallfuturerestorationtheirownexpertscan
takepart.TheyalsowanttostoptheseepageofGeorgian
frescoesandicons,supposedlyunderthePatriarchate'scare,
ontotheartmarket.Severaltimes,Georgiahashadtouseits
meagreresourcestobuybackpiecesofthenationalheritage.
Thehopeisthatthingswillimprovewiththerecentelection
ofanewJerusalemPatriarch,afterhispredecessorwasousted
underacloudofscandal.
Georgia,stieswithIsraelaregood,thankstoathriving
Georgian-Jewishcommunitywithhappymemoriesofitshomeland.
GeorgiaalsogetsalongwithGreece,amidafugof
sentimentalityoverlegendsabouttheArgonautsthat1inkthe
twonations.Butcanthesewarm,fuzzyfeelingstranslateinto
betterprotectionforanancientculture?Thatwillbea
challengeforGeldBezhuashvili,whosucceedsSalome
Zourabichvili,theFrench-borndiplomatwhowassacked,after
apowerstruggle,asGeorgianforeignministeronOctober19th.
Theword“tricky“inthefirstparagraphofthetextdenotes
A.deceptive
B.crafty
C.tough
D.tacit
7、
Accordingtothetext,Georgiausedtobeinfluentialin
A.religion
B.agronomy
C.medicine
D.horticulture
8、
Romaniaismentionedinthetextto.
A.illustrateafrescoofRustaveli
B.demonstratethewesternaidGeorgiaobtained
C.indicateGeorgia,sgoldenage
D.specifythescopeofGeorgia'slookout
9、
ItcanbeinferredfromthetextthattheprospectofGeorgia's
heritageprotection.
A.istobeapowerstruggle
B.isliabletobecomebetter
C.istobeacloudofscandal
D.islikelytobecomeactiveandrespected
10、
Theauthor,sattitudetowardthetransformationmentionedin
thelastparagraphis.
A.affirmative
B.critical
C.negative
D.cautious
11>Fearseemstobethedominantmoodofthemoment.
Hurricanes,tidalwaves,floods,earthquakesandterrorism
thisyearhaveallbroughtwiththemnotonlyappallingscenes
ofdevastation,deathandsuffering,butalsooutrageatthe
lackofpreparationstoavoidorcopewiththesedisasters.Now
eventhebirdsoftheairareathreat,wearetold.That
migratingflockvisibleOnthehorizonatsunset,oncea
consolingreminderoftheeternalrhythmsofnature,couldbe
carryingtheviruswhichmightsoonkilltensofmillionsof
people.
Giventhemanyfingerspointedatgovernmentsinthewakeof
otherdisastersthisyear,itishardlysurprisingthatthey
arescramblingtorespondtothethreatposedbyavianinfluenza.
AfterconfirmationthisweekthattheH5N1strainofbirdflu,
whichhasbeenspreadingquicklyinAsia,hadbeendiscovered
inRomaniaandperhapsGreece,EuropeanUnionforeignministers
convenedanemergencymeeting.PresidentGeorgeBush,still
smartingfromatorrentofcriticismofhisgovernment(sclumsy
responsetoHurricaneKatrina,haspromisedtorushout
emergencyplansfordealingwithanoutbreakofpandemicflu
whichhavebeenstalledforyears.Countriesaroundtheworld
arehurryingtostockpiletheonlycurrentantiviraldrug,
Tamifln,whichmightbeeffectiveinsavinglivesinany
pandemicorcurbingitsspread.TheWorldHealthOrganisation
iscallingforaninternationallycoordinatedeffort.Health
ministersfromaroundtheglobeareduetomeetnextweekin
Canadatodiscusswhatstepstotake.
Isanyofthiseffortjustified?Orarepoliticianssimply
helpingtofeedpublicpanic,andthencoveringthemselvesby
promisingtospendlavishlyagainstathreatwhichmaynever
materializeandtoreduceariskwhichtheydonotunderstand?
Toaskthesequestionsisnottocounselcomplacency,butto
applythekindoftestwhichisrequiredinanykindofdisaster
planning,notleastbecausetheworldisaninherently
dangerousplaceanditisimpossibletoplanagainstevery
possibledisaster.Withthemediafullofwarningsofimpending
massdeath,anoverreactionisalltoopossible.
Itcanbeinferredfromthefirstparagraphthat.
A.strongresentmentresultedfromthelackofpreparations
tocopewithrecentdisasters
B.thedominantmoodofthemomentresultedintheappalling
scenesofdevastation
C.tensofmillionsofpeoplecouldcarrythevirusonthe
horizon
D.reminderoftheeternalrhythmsofnatureemergedatsunset
toavoidthesedisasters
12、
Accordingtothetext,Americanemergencyplansforcoping
withanoutbreakofpandemicflu.
A.havebeenstipulated
B.havebeenenacted
C.havebeenabolished
D.havebeendelayed
13、
Whichofthefollowingremarksonouravailableantiviral
medicationwouldtheauthormake?
A.Effectivebutpoisonous.
B.Harmfulbutpopulous.
C.Meagerandnotreliable.
D.Affordableandpalatable.
14、
Thephrase"notleast"inthelastbutonesentenceofthetext
means.
A.atmost
B.notatall
C.marginally
D.particularly
15、
Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphofthetextthat
A.strongandintenseresponsederivefromthemassmedia
B.theattemptstobemadecannolongerbejustifiedbytheir
intention
C.publicpanicwouldbedilutedbypoliticians'promise
D.theonlyremedyistospendlavishlyagainstathreat
16、Theideaisasaudaciousasitaltruistic:providea
personallaptopcomputertoeveryschoolchild—particularlyin
thepoorestpartsoftheworld.Thefirststeptomakingthat
happeniswhittlingthepricedownto$100.Andthatisthegoal
ofagroupofAmericantechno-gurusledbyNicholasNegroponte,
thefounderofthefabledMITMediaLab.Whenheunveiledthe
ideaattheWorldEconomicForuminJanuaryitseemedwildly
ambitious.Butsurprisingly,itisstartingtobecomeareality.
Mr.NegroponteplanstodisplaythefirstprototypeinNovember
ataUNsummit.Fourcountries一Brazil,Egypt,Thailandand
SouthAfrica一havesaidtheywillbuyoverImunitseach.
Productionisduetostartinlate2022.
Howisthegroup,calledOneLaptopPerChild(OLPC),ableto
createalaptopsoinexpensively?Itismainlyamatterof
cleverlycombiningexistingtechnologiesinnewways.The
laptopwillhaveabasicprocessormadebyAMD,flashmemory
insteadofaharddisk,willbepoweredbybatteriesora
hand-crank,andwillrunopen-sourcesoftware.The$100laptop
alsoputsallthecomponentsbehindthescreen,notunderthe
keyboard,sothereisnoneedforanexpensivehinge.Sofar,
OLPChasgotthepricedowntoaround$130.
Butgoodnewsfortheworld'spoor,maynotbesuchgreatnews
fortheworld,scomputermanufacturers.Thenewmachineisnot
simplyofinterestinthedevelopingworld.OnSeptember22nd,
MittRomney,thegovernorofMassachusetts,saidthestate
shouldpurchaseoneforeverysecondary-schoolstudent,when
theybecomeavailable.
Salestoschoolsarejustonewayinwhichthe$100laptopcould
changethecomputerindustrymorebroadly.Bydepressingprices
andfuellingthetrendfor“good-enoughcomputing”,where
customersupgradelessoften,itcouldeventuallyputpressure
ontheworld'sbiggestPC-makers.
Accordingtothetext,whichofthefollowingisbeyondthe
public'santicipation?
A.Theideaofcheaptrickisstartingtocometrue.
B.OLPCisabletocreatesoinexpensivelaptops.
C.Everysecondary-schoolstudentwillpurchasea$100laptop.
D.Salestoschoolsarejustonewaytodisplaythefirst
prototype.
17、
ThecreationOfthecheaplaptopmentionedinthetextrelies
on.
A.hi-techinnovationbyexperiencedscientists
B.novelmeansofcombination
C.basicprocessorsmanufacturedbyAMD
D.thestate-of-artfacilitiesandequipment
18、
Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat.
A.SouthAfricahasclaimedthatitwillpurchaseoverone
millionunits
B.theideaisasaudaciousasitaltruistic
C.theflashmemorywillbesupplantedbyaharddisk
D.thedesiredpriceofthelaptophasnotbeenreachedyet
19、
MittRomneyismentionedinthetextsoasto.
A.evidencethecauseforthedisappointmentofthe
internationalcomputermakersinthegoalofOLPC
B.illustrategoodnewsfortheworld'spoor
C.appealtheworld'scomputermanufacturers
D.analysethepsychologicalreactiontothecheaptrick
advancedbyOLPC
0£
上18
20、
Basedonthelastparagraph,whichofthefollowingistrue?
A.Everysecondary-schoolstudentwillbegranteda$100
laptopinnotime.
B.A$100laptopforthepoorcouldaffectthecomputer
industry.
C.Thecomputerindustrycouldbechangedwithinarestricted
range.
D.Theworld'sbiggestPC-makerscouldbeexemptedfrom
pressur
21、PartB(10points)
Youaregoingtoreadatextabouthowtokeepyourjob,followed
byalistofimportantexamples.Choosethebestexamplefrom
thelistA-Fforeachnumberedsubheading(41-45).Thereisone
extraexamplewhichyoudonotneedtouse.Markyouranswers
onANSWERSHEET1.
Ascompaniescontinuetocutcosts,thedaysoffrequent
promotionsareadistantmemory.Soarethedaysofendless
opportunitiestoshowoffyourskills.Layoffsurvivors,faced
withfeweroptionsarefindingthemselvesincareer
purgatory—there'snowayupandnowayout.Aftertalkingto
careercoaches,managers,recruiters,andpsychologists,
Fortuneputtogethereighttipstohelpworkersbreakfreefrom
theinertia.
41.Avoidtakingcover
Don'thideoutbehindyourcomputer."Youshouldreallywork
toincreaseormaintainthevisibilitythatyouhave,“says
DavidOpton,founderandCEOofcareermanagementfirmExecuNet.
Buildacircleofallies
Fortifyyourcurrentrelationshipsandworkonmakingnewones,
bothwithinandoutsidetheoffice."Allieswillbehelpfulin
termsoflettingyouknowinformation,likeifthere'sajob
possibilitythatcomesup,“saysDeeSoder,founderoftheCEO
PerspectiveGroup.Whoyouknowcanmakeabigdifference,
especiallyindifficulttimes.
42.Loaduponnewtools
Thisistheperfecttimetoacquirenewexpertise.(Iftheboss
can'tpay,doitonyourown.)
43.Lookbeyondyourjobdescription
Peopledon'tgetpromotionsjustbecausetheydotheirjobswel1;
theygetpromotionsbecausetheytakeinitiative.LaurenDoliva,
apartneratrecruitingfirmHeidrickStrugglesInternational,
hasaclientlookingtohireaCOO.
44.ManageyourownPR
“Doingwellispartproductivityandpartpublicity,says
MarilynMoatsKennedy,amanagingpartneratCareerStrategies.
Becreative
Remember,saysDoliva,“peoplehireustothink,notjustto
do.”Thisistheperfecttimetotackletheprojectthatyou've
alwayswishedyouhadmoretimefor.Soderrecommends
schedulinganhoureachdaytoworkonextrathingssuchasnew
initiativesorwaystoimproveyourjoborthatofthoseabove
you.
Takeresponsibilityforyoursuccess
Beproactive,notreactive.SaysKennedy:"Ifyou'rewaiting
forsomethingtohappentoyou,it'snotgoingtobeanything
positive.Figureoutyourgoalsandletmanagersknowwhatthey
are;identifyyourweaknessesandworkonthem;findbetterways
toharnessyourstrengths.Fornontangibleskills—leadership,
management,communication一coachesrecommendhiringacoach.
AclientofSoder'swasputintoanewmanagementrole,but
didn'tfeellikeshehadwhatittooktooverseeabiggerteam.
Shewentoutandhiredacoachwhohelpedherlearnhowto
interactwithtopexecutivesaswellashowtorunabigger
territory.Shehassincebeenpromotedagain.
Takingresponsibilityforyourownsuccessissomething
everyoneshoulddo,regardlessofexternalfactors.Otherwise
you,reheadingstraightforburnout.
45.Adjustyourattitude
Don,tpanic.Eventhoughtheeconomyisinarecession,your
careerisnotcomingtoanend.Howyoulookatthesituation
willhaveabigimpactonwhetheryoustaystuckormoveahead.
“Onecanchoosetosaythereisnoopportunityoronecanchoose
tolookforit,“saysDoliva.Infact,manycoachesbelievethat
beingstuckisjustastateofmind.
[A]Letpeopleknowwhenyouaccomplishsomethingorwhenyou
putintheextraefforttogetaprojectdoneearly.Without
beingcheesy,makesurethatyou'regivingofftherightvibes
bykeepingapositiveattitude,avoidingemotionaloutbursts,
andappearingcalmandorganized.Anddon,tforgettolookthe
part.
22、(42)
23、(43)
24、(44)
25、(45)
26、PartC
Directions:Readthefollowingtextcarefullyandthen
translatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.(10points)
Readthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatethe
underlinedsegmentsintoChinese.Yourtranslationshouldbe
writtenclearlyonANSWERSHEET2.
Theproducedepartmentsofthefuturemaylooklikenothingon
earth,andwithgoodreason.Chinesescientistshavebeen
growingtomatoesthesize
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