20232024學(xué)年上學(xué)期期末模擬考試高一英語注意事項(xiàng)：1．本試卷分第Ⅰ卷（選擇題）和第Ⅱ卷（非選擇題）兩部分。答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。2．回答第Ⅰ卷時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。寫在本試卷上無效。3．回答第Ⅱ卷時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。4．考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）注意，聽力部分答題時(shí)請先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上，聽力部分結(jié)束前你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1．Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A．Inashop. B．Inatheater. C．Inachildren’spark.【答案】A【原文】M:ShouldIputthissigninthewindowwiththenewsaleprices?W:No.Thesaleofthechildren’sclothingismoreimportantrightnow.Iwantpeopletoseeitassoonaspossible.2．WhatdoesthewomanthinkofForestGump?A．Quitesatisfactory. B．Alittleannoying. C．Justsoso.【答案】A【原文】M:DidyouseethemovieForestGump?W:Yes,Idid.Well,it’sexcellent.Andtheendingisgreat,too.M:Yeah,butIfeelabitannoyedwithJenny.3．Whatisthemandoing?A．Expressinghisthanks. B．Askingforadvice. C．Makinganinvitation.【答案】B【原文】M:I’dliketotreatMarytoabigmealsinceshedidmeagreatfavor.Doyouknowanygoodrestaurants?W:WhataboutLondonRestaurant?Youcanhaveagoodviewofthecitythere.4．Whydoesthemanwanttheapartmentoutsidethecity?A．It’scheaper. B．It’slarger. C．It’smoreconvenient.【答案】B【原文】W:Ithinkweshouldbuythedowntownapartment.Imaginelivingnexttoashoppingmall!M:Theoneoutsidethecityhasmorespace,though.W:It’scertainlycheap,butdoyouwanttospendthreehoursgettingtoworkeveryday?5．Whatdoesthemando?A．Ateacher. B．Amanager. C．Abookshopassistant.【答案】C【原文】M:Whyisworkingheresoboring?Ourroutineisalwaysthesame.Getbooks,putthemontheshelvesandhelpcustomers.W:Thatdoessoundboring.Butasthemanagersays,ourworkisuseful.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有2至4個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有5秒鐘的時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段對話，回答第6和第7題。6．WhoisingfromNewYorkthisSaturday?A．Theman’ssister. B．Thewoman. C．Theman.7．Whenwillthespeakershaveamealtogether?A．ThisSaturday. B．NextWednesday. C．NextSaturday.【答案】6．A7．C【原文】W:WillyoueroundforamealthisSaturday?M:I’dliketo,butmysister’singfromNewYork.Wehaven’tseeneachotherforalongtime.Sheisonlystayingherefortwodays,andthensheisleavingforLosAngeles.W:ThenhowaboutnextWednesday?M:I’llhavelessons.HowaboutnextSaturday?I’llbefreeatthattime.W:OK.Doasyouplease.M:Thankyou.聽下面一段對話，回答第8至第10題。8．Whywon’tthewomanwatchtonight’sconcert?A．Shehasnointerestinit. B．Shesawitlastweekend. C．Shehasnoticket.9．Whereisthewomannow?A．InFrance. B．InAmerica. C．InChina.10．Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A．Dosomepaintings. B．Visitamuseum. C．Attendaparty.【答案】8．C9．A10．B【原文】W:Hi,I’dlikeoneticketforthejazzconcertatseveno’clock.M:I’msorry,buttherearenomoreticketsfortonight’sconcert.Butwedohavesomeseatsforthesameperformancethisweekend.Areyouinterestedinthatshow?W:Oh,that’sapity.Iwon’tbeherethen.I’mjusthereinParisforafriend’sbirthdaycelebration.AndI’llflybacktoNewYorktomorrow.Doyouhaveanyothersuggestionsforthingstodo?M:Well,whydon’tyougotothemuseuminstead?It’snearbyandtheyhaveawonderfulartcollectionofChinesepaintings.Ijustsawitmyselflastweekend.W:Thatsoundsagoodidea.聽下面一段對話，回答第11至第13題。11．Whydoesthegirlwanttogohomeatonce?A．Sheistired. B．Sheisfrightened. C．Shemissesherparents.12．Whatistheshadowactually?A．Acat. B．Treebranches. C．Adog.13．Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Husbandandwife. B．Brotherandsister. C．Fatheranddaughter.【答案】11．B12．C13．B【原文】M:Oh,Idofeeltired.Let’sjustsitdownforafewminutesbeforewegoon.DadandMomwon’tebacktonight.There’snoreasontohurry.W:No,eon.Let’sgohome.Ifeelfrightenedinthisplaceatnight.I’veheardsomanystoriesthatpeoplewererobbedlateatnight.Oh,whatwasthatsound?M:Don’tworry.Itmightbeacatorthewind.W:Idon’tthinkso.IthoughtIsawabigshadowmovingoverthere.Look,overthere,bythetree,ablackshape!M:Youmustbeseeingtheshadowofthetreebranches.eon.You’vebeenabravegirl.W:Er,look,it’srunningtowardsus.Huh!Whatahugedog!Let’sgohome,Robin!M:OK.Let’sgo.聽下面一段對話，回答第14至第17題。14．What’sthewoman’snewproblem?A．Shehasasorethroat. B．Shehasatoothache. C．Shehasanearache.15．Howoftenshouldthewomantakethemedicine?A．Onceaday. B．Twiceaday. C．Threetimesaday.16．Whendoesthewomanneedtoseethedoctoragain?A．NextMonday. B．NextTuesday. C．NextThursday.17．Whatdoesthedoctorsuggestthewomandofinally?A．Makeanappointment. B．Buymedicineoutside. C．Writedownthedate.【答案】14．C15．B16．B17．A【原文】M:Goodafternoon.Penny.What’stheproblem?W:Well,Idon’tfeelverywell,doctor.Afterthreedaysofthetoothacheandsorethroat,I’mtroubledbyaterribleearachenow.M:IcangiveyouanewmedicinecalledNopain,whichisveryuseful.Youcangetitatanymedicineshops.W:Nopain?M:Yes.NOPAIN.Andyouhavetotakethemedicineafterbreakfastandsupper.Youdon’tneedtotakeitafterlunch.Andremembertotakeitalwaysaftermeals.That’sveryimportant.W:AndhowlongdoIhavetotakeit?M:Youhavetofinishthisbottle,sothat’sfivedays.ebackandseemethen.W:NextMonday?ThefirstofSeptember?M:No,notMonday,Tuesday.That’sthesecondofSeptember.W:WhattimecanIseeyou,doctor?M:Youhavetomakeanappointmentwiththenurseatthereceptionoutside.W:Thankyouverymuch.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答第18至第20題。18．Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A．Abigsale. B．Anewstore. C．Amembershipapplication.19．Whyistheeventbeingheld?A．Tocelebrateaholiday.B．Toprepareforastoreclosing.C．Topromoteanewproduct.20．Whatcancustomersbuyonthetopfloor?A．ATV. B．Afridge. C．Aputer.【答案】18．A19．A20．C【原文】Wele,customers,toGreen’sElectronics,thecity’slargestelectronicsstore.Ourpricesarealwayshardtobeat.ButfortheSpringFestival,we’remakingthemevenlower.PricesareatrockbottomforourGiantSpringFestivalSale—aneventyouwon’twanttomiss!Onthisfloor,you’llfindcookers,fridges,dishwashersandotherkitchengoodsatsuperlowprices.Onthefirstfloor,thereareTVs,camerasandmusicequipmentatpricesyou’llfindhardtobelieve.Andfinally,onthetopfloor,you’llbeabletobuyallthelatestputerequipmentandmobilephonesforpricesyoucaneasilyafford.Soeoninandtakeagoodlookround.Wepromiseyouwon’tfindbargainsasgoodastheseinthewholecountry.Butwecan’tkeeppricesthislowforever—onlyforthenextsevendays.Also,youcanvisitourwebsite,greens,andsignupforastoremembershipcard.Thiswillallowyoutohaveevenmoregreatsavingsallyearround.Somakesureyougetonerightnow!第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié),滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該選項(xiàng)涂黑。A（江西省部分高中學(xué)校20232024學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期11月月考）VolunteerinSouthAfricaAreyoulookingforchancestovolunteerinAfrica?Well,exploreInternationalVolunteerHQ’spopularSouthAfricavolunteerabroadprogram.Choosefromitsdifferentprojectsandcontributetothelocalmunities.AnimalCareinCapeTown●Duration:2weeks(fromAugust12to26)●Fees:$200perweekAnxioustomakesomefourleggedfriends?AnimalCareprojectenablesvolunteerstohelpatananimalshelterwhichtakescareofcatsanddogsthathavebeenhomeless.Givethemthebestchanceoffindinganewlovinghome.ChildcareinCapeTown●Duration:4weeks(fromAugust5toSeptember2)●Fees:$275perweekFullofenergyandwanttobeachildcarevolunteer?OfferhelpwithearlychildhoodeducationinlowineareasofCapeTown.Volunteershelplocalteachersprovidehighqualitycareandeducationtochildrenfromnearbyfarms,villagesandmunities.HolidayClubinTableView●Duration:3weeks(fromJuly9to30)●Fees:$300perweekVolunteershelptoorganizeandrunfunactivitiesforstudentsduringtheirschoolholidays,makingameaningfuldifferencetothelocalmunity.Itisdesignedtohelpkeepstudentsactiveinpositiveways.SportsDevelopmentinTableView●Duration;6weeks(fromJuly21toSeptember1)●Fees:$350perweekThroughSportsDevelopmentproject,volunteerssupportafterschoolprojectsbyhelpingmoredisadvantagedstudentspracticeandplayarangeofsports.Playlocalsportsorintroduceyourownforstudentsaged615,encouragingimprovement,teamworkandfun.21．Whichofthefourprojectsbeginstheearliest?A．ChildcareinCapeTown.B．AnimalCareinCapeTown,C．HolidayClubinTableView.D．SportsDevelopmentinTableView.22．Howmuchshouldyoupayforattendingtoanimals?A．$400. B．$900. C．$1,100. D．$2,100.23．WhatarethevolunteersoftheSportsDevelopmentsupposedtodo?A．Supplychildhoodcareinpoorareas.B．Lookforanewhomeforhomelessanimals.C．Bringfuntostudentsduringschoolholidays.D．Attractmorestudentstotakepartinsports.【參考答案】21．C22．A23．D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹的是國際志愿者總部受歡迎的幾個(gè)南非海外志愿者項(xiàng)目?！驹斍榻馕觥?1．【C】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)AnimalCareinCapeTown部分中的“Duration:2weeks(fromAugust12to26)(持續(xù)時(shí)間：2周(8月12日至26日))”可知，該志愿者項(xiàng)目從8月12日開始；根據(jù)ChildcareinCapeTown部分中的“Duration:4weeks(fromAugust5toSeptember2)(持續(xù)時(shí)間：4周(8月5日至9月2日))”可知，該志愿者項(xiàng)目開始于8月5日；根據(jù)HolidayClubinTableView部分中的“Duration:3weeks(fromJuly9to30)(持續(xù)時(shí)間：3周(7月9日至30日))”可知，該志愿者項(xiàng)目開始于7月9日；根據(jù)SportsDevelopmentinTableView部分中的“Duration:6weeks(fromJuly21toSeptember1)(持續(xù)時(shí)間：6周(7月21日至9月1日))”可知，該志愿者項(xiàng)目開始于7月21日，綜合以上信息可知，這四個(gè)志愿者項(xiàng)目中開始最早的是HolidayClubinTableView。故選C項(xiàng)。22．【A】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)AnimalCareinCapeTown部分中的“Duration:2weeks(fromAugust12to26)；Fees:$200perweek(持續(xù)時(shí)間：2周(8月12日至26日)；費(fèi)用：200美元/周)”可知，該志愿者項(xiàng)目持續(xù)兩周，費(fèi)用是每周200美元，所以應(yīng)付400美元。故選A項(xiàng)。23．【D】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)SportsDevelopmentinTableView部分中的“ThroughSportsDevelopmentproject,volunteerssupportafterschoolprojectsbyhelpingmoredisadvantagedstudentspracticeandplayarangeofsports.Playlocalsportsorintroduceyourownforstudentsaged615,encouragingimprovement,teamworkandfun.(通過體育發(fā)展計(jì)劃，志愿者支持課后項(xiàng)目，幫助更多弱勢學(xué)生練習(xí)和參加一系列體育運(yùn)動(dòng)。參加當(dāng)?shù)伢w育運(yùn)動(dòng)或?yàn)?15歲的學(xué)生介紹自己的運(yùn)動(dòng)，鼓勵(lì)進(jìn)步、團(tuán)隊(duì)合作和運(yùn)動(dòng)的樂趣。)”可知，該項(xiàng)目的志愿者幫助更多弱勢學(xué)生練習(xí)和參加一系列的體育運(yùn)動(dòng)，參加當(dāng)?shù)氐捏w育運(yùn)動(dòng)或者向615歲的孩子介紹自己的運(yùn)動(dòng)，鼓勵(lì)進(jìn)步、團(tuán)隊(duì)合作和運(yùn)動(dòng)的樂趣，由此可知，該志愿者項(xiàng)目的志愿者應(yīng)該吸引更多學(xué)生參加體育運(yùn)動(dòng)。故選D項(xiàng)。B（河北省石家莊市第三十五中學(xué)20232024學(xué)年上學(xué)期期中考試）Wewerecitypeopleuntilaboutfiveyearsago,whenwefoundourselvesinthemiddleofthreemajormedicalissuesMyhusband,Jack,ourtwelveyearoldsonHolden,andIwereallfightingdifferentformsofcancer.WedecidedtomovebacktomyhometowninNebraskabeclosetomyparents,whowouldhelpuswithourtreatmentslandthecareofourotherthreechildren.Holdenlikeditimmediately.Hewasdrawntothehardworkofafarmerandjumpedrightintohelphisgrandpa.Helearnedallhecouldandnowhelpswithallkindsofwork.Hehasevenopenedhisownsweetbusinessandtookthirdplaceinthestatepetition.Hedidn’tlethisbraincancerslowhimdown.WhenHolden’scancerreturnedforathirdtime.thedoctorsaiditcouldnotbetreated.MyhusbandrefusedtogiveupandfoundadoctorinBostonwhosaidshewasconfidentthatshecouldremovetheentiretumor(腫瘤).Unluckily,ourinsurance(保險(xiǎn))panywouldn’tpayforit.Thehospitalofferedtochargelessforthetreatment,butwestillneeded$39,000.Yearsofcancertreatmentformyhusbandandmehadspentalmostallourmoney.Wehadnowaytofindthat$39,000.Wedecidedtoholdafundraiser.Thedayoftheeventwascoldicyandwindy,andyetpeoplepouredintotheschoolandboughtthingsthatcoveredallthecafeteriatables.Ourcountrytownofonly1,000peopleraisedmorethan$45,000!TheysentthepaymenttothehospitalandhadenoughleftovertosendmyhusbandandmealongforHolden’streatment.ItwasanimpossibletaskmadepossiblebyasmallamountofpeoplebandingtogetherinsmalltownAmra.Holdenhasbeencancerfreefortwoyearsnow.Heworksonthefarmandplaysfootballathishighschool.Heisveryproudtobeablooddonor(捐贈(zèng)者)andcarrieshisdonorcardeverywhere.24．Whydidtheauthor’sfamilymovetoherhometown?A．Togetbetterenvironment. B．Tosavelivingcosts.C．Toreceivebettertreatment. D．Togethelpfromparents.25．WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph3?A．Jackdidn’tpayenoughmoney.B．Jackhadtogiveuptreatment.C．Thisfamilysufferedmuchfromcancer.D．ThehospitaltreatedHoldenfreeofcharge.26．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“fundraiser”inParagraph4probablymean?A．Activitytoraisemoney. B．Partytocelebrateaholiday.C．Discussiontosolveproblems. D．Particularpurposetohelpothers.27．WhatwordscanbeusedtodescribeHolden?A．Friendlyandactive. B．HelpfulandstrongwilledC．Patientandconfident. D．Warmheartedandoutgoing【參考答案】24．D25．C26．A27．B【語篇解讀】本文是記敘文。文章主要介紹了作者一家飽受癌癥之苦，作者一家決定回到作者的家鄉(xiāng)，想讓她父母幫助他們。在治療兒子的病時(shí)，錢不夠了，村里的人都來捐款，幫助作者一家籌夠資金，最終兒子得救。【詳情解析】24．【D】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“WedecidedtomovebacktomyhometowninNebraskabeclosetomyparents,whowouldhelpuswithourtreatmentslandthecareofourotherthreechildren.(我們決定搬回我在內(nèi)布拉斯加州的家鄉(xiāng)，離我的父母近一些，他們會(huì)幫助我們進(jìn)行治療，幫助我們照顧另外三個(gè)孩子。)”可知，作者的家人搬到她的家鄉(xiāng)為了得到父母的幫助。故選D。25．【C】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“WhenHolden’scancerreturnedforathirdtime.thedoctorsaiditcouldnotbetreated.MyhusbandrefusedtogiveupandfoundadoctorinBostonwhosaidshewasconfidentthatshecouldremovetheentiretumor(腫瘤).Unluckily,ourinsurance(保險(xiǎn))panywouldn’tpayforit.Thehospitalofferedtochargelessforthetreatment,butwestillneeded$39,000.Yearsofcancertreatmentformyhusbandandmehadspentalmostallourmoney.Wehadnowaytofindthat$39,000.(當(dāng)霍頓的癌癥第三次復(fù)發(fā)時(shí)。醫(yī)生說這是無法治愈的。我丈夫拒絕放棄，在波士頓找到了一位醫(yī)生，她說她有信心能夠切除整個(gè)腫瘤。不幸的是，我們的保險(xiǎn)公司不愿意賠償。醫(yī)院提出減少治療費(fèi)用，但我們?nèi)匀恍枰?9000美元。我和丈夫多年的癌癥治療幾乎花光了我們所有的錢。我們沒辦法找到那三萬九千美元。杰克沒有付足夠的錢。)”可知，作者的兒子癌癥第三次復(fù)發(fā)，這個(gè)家庭已經(jīng)花費(fèi)了很多錢，再無錢來支付，且文中提到了作者和丈夫也是多年患有癌癥，由此可推知，這個(gè)家庭飽受癌癥之苦。故選C。26．【A】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第四段中“Ourcountrytownofonly1,000peopleraisedmorethan$45,000!TheysentthepaymenttothehospitalandhadenoughleftovertosendmyhusbandandmealongforHolden’streatment.(我們這個(gè)只有1000人的鄉(xiāng)村小鎮(zhèn)籌集了超過45000美元！他們把錢送到了醫(yī)院剩下的錢足夠我和我丈夫一起去看霍頓了。)”可知，村里的人們?yōu)樽髡咭患一I集了超過45000美元，由此可推知，作者一家發(fā)起了籌款活動(dòng)，所以村里的人都來捐款，故劃線單詞fundraiser意為“籌款活動(dòng)”，與A項(xiàng)“籌集資金的活動(dòng)”意思一樣，故選A。27．【B】推理判斷題。由第二段中“Helearnedallhecouldandnowhelpswithallkindsofwork.(他學(xué)會(huì)了所有他能學(xué)的東西，現(xiàn)在幫助做各種各樣的工作。)”可推知，Holden是樂于助人的；根據(jù)第二段中“Hedidn’tlethisbraincancerslowhimdown.(他沒有讓腦癌拖累他。)”可推知，他勇于對抗癌癥是有堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的意志，故選B。CDrylightning(雷電)canstillbeharmfulevenwhenconditionsaren’tsodry,saidastudypublishedinGeophysicalResearchLetterslastmonth.Drylightningduringlittletonorainfallwaspreviouslythoughttocausewildfiredangeronlywithlessthan2.5mmofraininaday.AWashingtonStateUniversityledstudyofwildfiresintheUSWestfounddrylightningcausedwildfiresdespiteupto7.7mmofrain.“Therainfallamountswerecordedshouldhelpprovideabetterunderstandingofjusthowmuchraincancauseafirerisk,”saidDmitriKalashnikov,leadauthorofthestudy.Theresearchersanalyzed(分析)casesonmorethan4,600naturallycausedfiresfrom2015to2020.Theymatched3,726ofthosetothelightningstrikesthatlikelystartedthemwiththehelpofNationalLightningDetectionNetwork.Thestudyfoundthat15.3%ofthosewereholdoverfireswhichburnwithoutsmoke,bringingaboutoverahundredfireseachyear.Analyzingtherainfallamountsaroundthetimeofthelightningstrikesshowedgreaterrainfallthanpreviouslythoughtamongtheearlierfoundfiresrangingfrom1.7mmto4.6mm.Whilehumansstillcausemostfireseitherbyaccidentoronpurpose,lightningcausedwildfiresburnthemostareas.Nearly70%ofthewildfireburnedlandintheWestwasfromlightningcausedfiresaccordingtothestudy.Forexample,thelargestwildfireburnareainCaliforniahistorytookplaceinAugust2020afterdrylightningcausedmanywildfiresatonce.Drylightningcanalsostartwildfiresinplacesthatarehardforfirefighterstoreach.ThisstudyfoundtheplaceswhereholdoverfireshappenedrepeatedlywereintheforestedmountainsoftheSouthwestaswellasthemiddleandsouthernRockyMountains.Holdoverfirescausetheproblembecausetheyaresohardtonotice.28．Thenewstudyfounddrylightningcanstillcausewildfireswithadailyrainfallof__________.A．7.7mm 29．Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?A．Thefindingoftheresearch. B．Thenumberofthecases.C．Theprocessofthestudy. D．Thedesignersofthetest.30．Whydidholdoverfireshappenrepeatedlyintheforestedmountains?A．Theyaredifficulttonotice. B．Thefireserviceisshorthanded.C．Campersoftensmokethere. D．Thelocalsfailtocallfirefighters.31．Fromwhichisthetextprobablytaken?A．Ahistorytextbook. B．Asciencemagazine.C．Acourseplan. D．Abookreview.【參考答案】28．A29．C30．A31．B【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了干閃電的危害?！驹斍榻馕觥?8．【A】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“AWashingtonStateUniversityledstudyofwildfiresintheUSWestfounddrylightningcausedwildfiresdespiteupto7.7mmofrain.(華盛頓州立大學(xué)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的一項(xiàng)關(guān)于美國西部野火的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，盡管降雨量高達(dá)7.7毫米，但干閃電還是會(huì)引發(fā)野火。)”可知，華盛頓州立大學(xué)的研究表明，日降雨量達(dá)到7.7毫米的情況下干閃電仍會(huì)引發(fā)野火。故選A。29．【C】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Theresearchersanalyzed(分析)casesonmorethan4,600naturallycausedfiresfrom2015to2020.Theymatched3,726ofthosetothelightningstrikesthatlikelystartedthemwiththehelpofNationalLightningDetectionNetwork.(研究人員分析了2015年至2020年間4600多起自然引發(fā)火災(zāi)的案例。他們在國家閃電探測網(wǎng)絡(luò)的幫助下，他們將其中的3726個(gè)與雷擊相匹配)”可知，本段主要介紹此次研究的過程。故選C。30．【A】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Drylightningcanalsostartwildfiresinplacesthatarehardforfirefighterstoreach.ThisstudyfoundtheplaceswhereholdoverfireshappenedrepeatedlywereintheforestedmountainsoftheSouthwestaswellasthemiddleandsouthernRockyMountains.Holdoverfirescausetheproblembecausetheyaresohardtonotice.(干閃電也會(huì)在消防員難以到達(dá)的地方引發(fā)野火。這項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，滯留火災(zāi)反復(fù)發(fā)生的地方位于西南部的森林山區(qū)以及落基山脈中部和南部。滯留火災(zāi)造成了這個(gè)問題，因?yàn)樗鼈兒茈y被注意到)”可知，滯留火災(zāi)不易被人察覺，因此反復(fù)在樹木叢生的山區(qū)爆發(fā)。故選A。31．【B】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“AWashingtonStateUniversityledstudyofwildfiresintheUSWestfounddrylightningcausedwildfiresdespiteupto7.7mmofrain.(華盛頓州立大學(xué)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的一項(xiàng)對美國西部野火的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，盡管降雨量高達(dá)7.7毫米，但干閃電還是引發(fā)了野火。)”以及全文可知，本文主要介紹一項(xiàng)最新研究的發(fā)現(xiàn)——日降雨量達(dá)到7.7毫米的情況下干閃電仍會(huì)引發(fā)野火，這是和科學(xué)相關(guān)的話題，由此推知，本文可能出自一本科學(xué)雜志。故選B。DCancerfightinggenesinelephantscouldhelptackleoneofthebiggestkillersofpeople,accordingtoresearch.Despitetheirlargebodiesandlonglifespans,elephantsaremuchlesslikelytodiefromcancerthanhumans,withdeathratesoflessthan5percent.Theparadoxhaspuzzledscientistsbecausemorecellsleadtogreaterreplications(復(fù)制),whichincreasesthepossibilityofthebodyfailingtodetectdamagedDNAorafaultycellthatcanresultintumors(腫瘤).Elephantsliveforalmostaslongashumansandweighuptofivetons.However,agroupofBritishandEuropeanscientistssaytheyhavetakenabigsteptowardssolvingPeto’sparadox,namedaftertheBritishepidemiologistSirRichardPeto.Elephants,theysay,carryamuchlargermorediversegroupoftumorfightingproteins.Thefindings,publishedlastweekinthejournalMolecularBiologyandEvolution,raisehopesthatthecancerfightinggenesinelephantscouldbethekeytotacklingcancer,whichkillsabout167,000Britonsyearly.Cellskeepdividingthroughoutanorganism’slife,eachcarryingtheriskofproducingatumor.Oneofthebody’sweaponsisagenecalledp53knownasthe“guardianofthegenome”,whichhuntscellswithfaultyDNA．Itencouragesthecelltorepairitselforselfdestruct,keepingthecellfrombiningwithothersandproducingtumors.Humanshavetwoversionsofp53butelephantshave40,saidtheresearchers.Biochemicalanalysisandputersimulationsalsoshowedthatanelephant’sp53genesarestructurallyslightlydifferent,providingamuchlargeranticancertoolkit.Theresearcherssuspectthatwhilefaultycellsmightbeabletoskirttwop53versions,theycannotbinewithothercellsaseasilyinthefaceofdozens.Thefindingswillopenthewayforresearchonhowp53genesofelephantsareactivatedandonmedicaltreatmentforhumans.32．Whathaspuzzledscientists?A．Fewelephantsendupdyingfromcancer. B．Elephantslivelongandweighenormously.C．Morecellsleadtohigherchancesoftumors. D．Alargerbodyislesslikelytodiscoverfaultycells.33．WhatcanbelearntfromParagraph4?A．HowmanyBritonsdieeachyear. B．Howtheanticancergeneworks.C．Howtheresearchwascarriedout. D．Whatthefindingshavebeenappliedto.34．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“skirt”inParagraph5probablymean?A．Strengthen. B．Detect. C．Escaped. D．Cure.35．Whichisthetextmainlyabout?A．Scientistsfindelephantslivelongerthanhumans. B．P53genesplayessentialroleinpreventingcancer.C．Elephantgenescouldbekeytofightingcancer. D．Groundbreakingtreatmentforcancerisontheway.【參考答案】32．A33．B34．C35．C【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一項(xiàng)研究，表明大象的抗癌基因可能是對抗癌癥的關(guān)鍵?！驹斍榻馕觥?2．【A】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Despitetheirlargebodiesandlonglifespans,elephantsaremuchlesslikelytodiefromcancerthanhumans,withdeathratesoflessthan5percent.(盡管大象的身體很大，壽命也很長，但它們死于癌癥的可能性比人類小得多，死亡率不到5%。)”可知，讓科學(xué)家們感到困惑的是很少有大象最終死于癌癥。故選A項(xiàng)。33．【B】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“Cellskeepdividingthroughoutanorganism’slife,eachcarryingtheriskofproducingatumor.Oneofthebody’sweaponsisagenecalledp53knownasthe‘guardianofthegenome’,whichhuntscellswithfaultyDNA.Itencouragesthecelltorepairitselforselfdestruct,keepingthecellfrombiningwithothersandproducingtumors.(細(xì)胞在生物體的一生中不斷分裂，每個(gè)細(xì)胞都有產(chǎn)生腫瘤的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。人體的武器之一是被稱為‘基因組守護(hù)者’的p53基因，它會(huì)搜尋有缺陷DNA的細(xì)胞。它鼓勵(lì)細(xì)胞自我修復(fù)或自我毀滅，防止細(xì)胞與其他細(xì)胞結(jié)合并產(chǎn)生腫瘤。)”可知，從本段我們可以了解到抗癌基因是如何工作的。故選B項(xiàng)。34．【C】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第四段中“Oneofthebody’sweaponsisagenecalledp53knownasthe‘guardianofthegenome’,whichhuntscellswithfaultyDNA.(人體的武器之一是被稱為‘基因組守護(hù)者’的p53基因，它會(huì)搜尋有缺陷DNA的細(xì)胞。)”和劃線詞句前文“Humanshavetwoversionsofp53butelephantshave40,saidtheresearchers.Biochemicalanalysisandputersimulationsalsoshowedthatanelephant’sp53genesarestructurallyslightlydifferent,providingamuchlargeranticancertoolkit.(研究人員說，人類有兩種p53基因，但大象有40種。生化分析和計(jì)算機(jī)模擬還表明，大象的p53基因在結(jié)構(gòu)上略有不同，這提供了一個(gè)更大的抗癌工具包。)”可知，p53基因具有抗癌作用，人類有兩種此類基因，而大象卻有40種，從而推知?jiǎng)澗€詞句“Theresearcherssuspectthatwhilefaultycellsmightbeabletoskirttwop53versions,theycannotbinewithothercellsaseasilyinthefaceofdozens.(研究人員懷疑，雖然有缺陷的細(xì)胞可能能夠skirt兩種p53，但面對幾十種，它們無法輕易與其他細(xì)胞結(jié)合。)”其中劃線詞匯意思是“繞過，逃避，躲避”，即有缺陷的細(xì)胞（致癌細(xì)胞）有可能躲避兩種抗癌基因，但是不容易躲避幾十種。故選C項(xiàng)。35．【C】主旨大意題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第四段中“Thefindings,publishedlastweekinthejournalMolecularBiologyandEvolution,raisehopesthatthecancerfightinggenesinelephantscouldbethekeytotacklingcancer,whichkillsabout167,000Britonsyearly.(上周發(fā)表在《分子生物學(xué)與進(jìn)化》雜志上的這一發(fā)現(xiàn)，讓人們看到了希望：大象身上的抗癌基因可能是治療癌癥的關(guān)鍵。)”和最后一段“Thefindingswillopenthewayforresearchonhowp53genesofelephantsareactivatedandonmedicaltreatmentforhumans.(這一發(fā)現(xiàn)將為研究大象的p53基因如何被激活以及人類的醫(yī)學(xué)治療開辟道路。)”可知，本文主要講的是大象抗癌基因可能是對抗癌癥的關(guān)鍵。故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)：（共5小題,每小題2.5分,共12.5分）閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。BestWaytoLoseWeightDietingTips（江蘇省南京市金陵河西中學(xué)20232024學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期11月月考）Howdoyoueatrighttoloseweightfast?You’lldiscoverthereareagreatnumberofweightlossdietswhichpromisetohelpyoudropthepoundsfast.36Manyweightlossdietsareaimedatlosingweightfast,butaren’tnecessarilyhealthyandwon’tcreatealongtermchangeforthebetter.37Thatmeansyou’llchooseadietwhichdoesn’tcutoutanynecessarynutrients(營養(yǎng)物).Mostdietssuggestthatyoustopeatingfatorcarbs(碳水化合物).38You’llneedtomakeclearofyourownbodytypebeforemakingadietplan.Youmightalsoneedtotrydifferentwaysbeforefindingthebestway.Ifyoujustneedtoshakeafewpoundsoffinashorttime,yourplanwon’tbethesameasonetoloseweightinthelongterm.Thebestshorttermweightlossplanwillbestrongerthanthebestlongtermweightlossplan,butbothofthemshouldn’tgetridofnecessarynutrition.39Yourbodywillgointo“starvationmode”andyourmetabolism(新陳代謝)willslowdown.Asaresultyourbodywillkeepmoreweight.40Spreadoutyourmealsevenlythroughouttheday.Anylargermealsshouldbeeatenearlierintheday.Thatgivesyourbodymoretimeandopportunitytoburncalories.Ifyoueatalotbeforebed,thosecalorieswon’tburnbutbeefat.A．Butdotheyreallywork?B．Onceyoustartyourplan,youshouldn’tstop.C．Infactmanypeoplefeelithardtoloseweight.D．Besides,youalsoshouldpayattentiontowhenyoueat.E．Thebestwaytoloseweightshouldbeusefulinthelongterm.F．Whilethismayhelpsomepeople,thereisnoplanthatisperfectforall.G．Ifyoutrytomakeyourselfhungry,youwon’tachievelongtermresults.【參考答案】36．A37．E38．F39．G40．D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，文章提出了關(guān)于如何減肥的飲食建議?！驹斍榻馕觥?6．【A】空前的“Howdoyoueatrighttoloseweightfast?You’lldiscoverthereareagreatnumberofweightlossdietswhichpromisetohelpyoudropthepoundsfast.(如何正確飲食才能快速減肥？你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)有很多減肥食譜承諾能幫助你快速減肥。)”提到許多減肥的飲食承諾能夠幫助人們迅速減肥，A項(xiàng)(但它們真的有效嗎?)是對這些承諾的質(zhì)疑，符合語境。故選A。37．【E】空前的“Manyweightlossdietsareaimedatlosingweightfast,butaren’tnecessarilyhealthyandwon’tcreatealongtermchangeforthebetter.(許多減肥飲食旨在快速減肥，但不一定是健康的，也不會(huì)產(chǎn)生長期的改善。)”提到許多減肥飲食以快速減肥為目標(biāo)，但未必健康且不會(huì)帶來長期的好的變化，E項(xiàng)(最好的減肥方法應(yīng)該是長期有效的)就此提出了解決辦法，下文“Thatmeansyou’llchooseadietwhichdoesn’tcutoutanynecessarynutrients.(這意味著你會(huì)選擇一種不減少任何必要營養(yǎng)的飲食。)”具體提出了飲食要求。故選E項(xiàng)。38．【F】空前的“Mostdietssuggestthatyoustopeatingfatorcarbs.(大多數(shù)飲食建議你停止攝入脂肪或碳水化合物。)”提到了大多數(shù)飲食方法建議不攝入脂肪或碳水化合物，空后“You’llneedtomakeclearofyourownbodytypebeforemakingadietplan.Youmightalsoneedtotrydifferentwaysbeforefindingthebestway.(在制定飲食計(jì)劃之前，你需要弄清楚自己的體型。在找到最好的方法之前，你可能還需要嘗試不同的方法。)”提到應(yīng)該根據(jù)自身情況制訂飲食計(jì)劃，因此F項(xiàng)(盡管這對某些人有幫助，但沒有計(jì)劃是對所有人都有用的。)起到了承上啟下的作用，符合語境。故選F項(xiàng)。39．【G】空后的“Yourbodywillgointo“starvationmode”andyourmetabolismwillslowdown.Asaresultyourbodywillkeepmoreweight.(你的身體會(huì)進(jìn)入“饑餓模式”，新陳代謝也會(huì)減慢。因此，你的身體會(huì)保持更多的體重。)”具體解釋了饑餓療法帶來的結(jié)果，G項(xiàng)(如果你試圖讓自己餓，你不會(huì)取得長期的效果。)提到了饑餓療法，其中的“makeyourselffeelhungry”與空后的“starvationmode”相照應(yīng)。故選G項(xiàng)。40．【D】空后提到“Spreadoutyourmealsevenlythroughouttheday.Anylargermealsshouldbeeatenearlierintheday.Thatgivesyourbodymoretimeandopportunitytoburncalories.Ifyoueatalotbeforebed,thosecalorieswon’tburnbutbeefat.(在一天中均勻地進(jìn)餐。任何大餐都應(yīng)該在一天的早些時(shí)候吃。這會(huì)給你的身體更多的時(shí)間和機(jī)會(huì)來燃燒卡路里。如果你在睡覺前吃很多，這些卡路里不會(huì)燃燒，而是變成脂肪。)”提到一天的飲食時(shí)間應(yīng)該均勻分布，因此此處應(yīng)該是說要注意飲食的時(shí)間，D項(xiàng)(此外，你還應(yīng)該注意什么時(shí)候吃。)符合語境。故選D項(xiàng)。第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共四節(jié),滿分55