主謂一致●

單句填空1.[2022·新高考全國Ⅰ卷]Theplanwillextendprotectiontoasignificantnumberofareasthat

(be)previouslyunprotected…

高考鏈接were[解析]考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。設(shè)空處在that引導(dǎo)的限制性定語從句中作謂語,先行詞為asignificantnumberofareas,that為定語從句的主語,指代前面的先行詞,為復(fù)數(shù),根據(jù)previously(之前地)可知從句的時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)為一般過去時(shí),且設(shè)空處的be動(dòng)詞與后面的unprotected構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語態(tài)。故填were。目錄高考鏈接[2022·全國乙卷]SinceAprildrinkscompanies_______________________(force)topaybetween18pand24pforeverylitreofsugarydrinktheyproduceorimport,dependingonthesugarcontent.

havebeenforced[解析]考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)sinceApril可知主句謂語動(dòng)詞用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),drinkscompanies與force之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,且主語為復(fù)數(shù),故填havebeenforced。3.[2021·新高考全國Ⅱ卷]OneofthebiggestcompaniesIwroteto

(be)AlaskaAirlinesParis.

高考鏈接was[解析]考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。本句的主語是oneofthebiggestcompanies,故謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。再根據(jù)wrote可知,此空也用一般過去時(shí),故用was。4.[2021·浙江1月考]Itiscalculatedbydividingaperson'sweightinkgbytheirheightinmetressquared,andaBMIofbetween19and25

(consider)healthy.

高考鏈接isconsidered[解析]考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)及主謂一致。此處表述現(xiàn)在的客觀情況,故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí);主語aBMI表示單數(shù)意義,與consider之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故用isconsidered。5.[2020·全國卷Ⅱ]Thisiswhydecoratingwithplants,fruitsandflowers

(carry)specialsignificance.

高考鏈接carries[解析]考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處為從句謂語,且從句主語是動(dòng)名詞短語,故謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式,且與主句的is呼應(yīng),故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故填carries。

考點(diǎn)一語法一致原則考點(diǎn)解讀

語法一致就是謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式由主語的單復(fù)數(shù)形式?jīng)Q定。

句子以單數(shù)名詞或代詞、動(dòng)詞不定式短語、動(dòng)名詞短語或從句作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)形式;主語為復(fù)數(shù)時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。

To

studyEnglishwellisnoteasy.學(xué)好英語并不容易。

Whathesaidisveryimportantforusall.他所說的話對我們所有人而言是非常重要的。

Readinginthesunisbadforyoureyes.在陽光下看書對眼睛有害?？键c(diǎn)解讀

主語后有with,togetherwith,except,but,like,aswellas,ratherthan,besides,including等連接的短語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)由主語的單復(fù)數(shù)決定。

MrGreen,together

withhiswifeandchildren,hascometoChina.格林先生及其妻子和孩子已經(jīng)來到中國。

Twostudentswiththeteacherwereatthemeeting.兩個(gè)學(xué)生和那位老師參加了會(huì)議。（續(xù)表）考點(diǎn)解讀在定語從句中,關(guān)系代詞that,who,which等作主語時(shí),其謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)應(yīng)與句中先行詞的數(shù)一致。

Heisoneofmyfriendswho

areworkinghard.他是我努力工作的朋友中的一個(gè)。（續(xù)表）考點(diǎn)解讀在倒裝句中,謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)應(yīng)與其后的主語一致。

Herecomesthebus.公共汽車來了。

Onthewallaremanypictures.墻上有很多圖畫。

manya和morethanone加單數(shù)名詞作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。

Many

aboyhasmadethesamemistakes.許多男孩犯了同樣的錯(cuò)誤。（續(xù)表）【技法訓(xùn)練一】1.Whenandwheretogofortheon-salaryholiday____________________________________(notdecide)yet.

hasnot考點(diǎn)解讀[解析]考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。句子以疑問詞+動(dòng)詞不定式短語作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)形式,且根據(jù)yet可知用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),主語與謂語又為邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系;whenandwheretogofortheon-salaryholiday是一個(gè)整體,謂語用單數(shù)形式,故填hasnotbeendecided。beendecided2.Theteachernowtogetherwiththestudents

(be)discussingReading

Skillsthat

(be)newlypublishedinAmerica.

is考點(diǎn)解讀[解析]考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。主語后有togetherwith時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)由主語的單復(fù)數(shù)決定,句子主語為theteacher,且由時(shí)間狀語now可知,第一空填is;第二空是定語從句,先行詞為Reading

Skills,是一本書,為單數(shù),且根據(jù)語境可知用一般過去時(shí),故第二空填was。was3.Nowadays,cycling,alongwithjoggingandswimming,

(regard)asoneofthebestall-roundformsofexercise.

isregarded考點(diǎn)解讀[解析]考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)nowadays和語境可知,此處應(yīng)該用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài),由介詞短語alongwith可知,謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)應(yīng)該與cycling保持一致,故填isregarded。4.Deletetheshortmessageatonce!Manyaman_______________________________(cheat)bysuchtricksuptonow.

hasbeen考點(diǎn)解讀[解析]考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。由uptonow可知用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),且主語與謂語為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,又由manya加單數(shù)名詞作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)可知答案填hasbeencheated。cheated考點(diǎn)二意義一致原則考點(diǎn)解讀意義一致就是謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)必須和主語的意義一致(因主語有時(shí)形式為單數(shù),但意義為復(fù)數(shù);有時(shí)形式為復(fù)數(shù),但意義為單數(shù))。表示時(shí)間、重量、長度、價(jià)值等的復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞通常用單數(shù)形式,這是由于作主語的復(fù)數(shù)名詞在概念上是一個(gè)整體。

Tendollarsisenoughforhim.十美元對他來說足夠了。

Twentyyearsstandsforalongperiodinone'slife.在人的一生里二十年意味著一個(gè)很長的時(shí)期?？键c(diǎn)解讀“the+形容詞或分詞等”作主語,表示某一類人時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。

Theoldaremorelikelytocatchcoldthantheyoung.老年人比年輕人更容易感冒。如果集體名詞指的是整個(gè)集體,其謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式;如果它指集體中的成員,其謂語動(dòng)詞就用復(fù)數(shù)形式。這些詞有family,class,crowd,committee,population,audience等。[溫馨提示]people,police,cattle等名詞一般都用作復(fù)數(shù)。

Myfamily

isalargeone.我家是一個(gè)大家庭。

Thefamily

aresittingatthebreakfasttable.這家人正坐在早餐桌旁。

Thepolice

arelookingforthelostchild.警方正在尋找那個(gè)丟失的孩子。（續(xù)表）考點(diǎn)解讀由“some/all/most/alot/lots/plenty/therest/themajority+of+名詞”構(gòu)成的短語以及由“分?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù)+of+名詞”構(gòu)成的短語作主語時(shí),其謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)要根據(jù)短語中of后面名詞的數(shù)而定。[溫馨提示]anumberof表示“許多”,作定語修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞,謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式;thenumberof表示“……的數(shù)量”,主語是number,謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。

Someofthemwerebarefoot,andmostwereinrags.他們當(dāng)中有些人光著腳,大部分人衣衫襤褸。

Therestofthelectureisverywonderful.講座的其余部分非常精彩。

50%ofthestudentsinourclassaregirls.我們班一半的學(xué)生都是女生。（續(xù)表）【技法訓(xùn)練二】1.Thestaff

(be)friendlyandhelpful,providingyouwithamapofthecitywhenyouarrive,andofferingadviceifyourequiresome.

is考點(diǎn)解讀[解析]考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意:全體職員友好并且樂于助人,當(dāng)你到達(dá)時(shí)他們會(huì)給你一張城市地圖,并且如果你需要的話,他們還會(huì)為你提供建議。集體名詞staff在句子中強(qiáng)調(diào)的是整體概念,謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式,由語境可知應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),故填is。2.Asurveycarriedoutlastyearshowedthat80%ofthemiddle-agedinthiscity

(be)infavouroftheproposalonhealthcarereform.

were考點(diǎn)解讀[解析]考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意:去年開展的一項(xiàng)調(diào)查顯示,本市80%的中年人贊成醫(yī)療改革的提議?！鞍俜?jǐn)?shù)+of+名詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)在句中作主語時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)應(yīng)該與of后面的名詞的數(shù)保持一致,themiddle-aged指一類人表示復(fù)數(shù)概念,謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式,且本句的時(shí)間狀語是lastyear,故填were。3.Thenumberofmedicalschoolsreached18intheearly1990sand

(remain)aroundthateversince.

hasremained考點(diǎn)解讀[解析]考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。eversince作時(shí)間狀語,句子用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),thenumberof表示“……的數(shù)目”,作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故填hasremained。4.Ofthenineteenrecognizedpolarbearsubpopulations,threearedeclining,six

(be)stable,oneisincreasing,andninelackenoughdata.

are考點(diǎn)解讀[解析]考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)threearedeclining和six可知,此處謂語用復(fù)數(shù),時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),故填are?？键c(diǎn)三就近一致原則考點(diǎn)解讀在英語句子中,有時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)與最鄰近的主語保持一致。

(1)當(dāng)兩個(gè)主語由either…or,neither…nor,whether…or…,notonly…butalso連接時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)和鄰近的主語一致。

(2)therebe句型中be動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)取決于其后的主語。如果其后是由and連接的兩個(gè)主語,則應(yīng)與最近的那個(gè)主語保持一致。

EitheryouorJaneistobesenttoNewZealand.要么你,要么簡將被派往新西蘭。

Neithertheunkindwordsnortheunfriendlyattitudehascausedmeanydistress.不友善的言語和不友好的態(tài)度都沒有給我?guī)砣魏瓮纯唷?/p>

Not

onlyhebut

alsoallhisfamilyarekeenonconcerts.不僅是他,他全家人也都很熱衷于音樂會(huì)?！炯挤ㄓ?xùn)練三】1.There

(be)agreatnumberofattractionsinTianjin,amongwhichIliketheAncientCulturalStreetbest.

are考點(diǎn)解讀[解析]考查主謂一致和時(shí)態(tài)。此句為therebe句型,therebe句型中be動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)取決于主語,此句主語為復(fù)數(shù)名詞,且根據(jù)后文可知時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),故填are。2.Notonlyhisparentsbutalsohiselderbrother

(go)totheSummerPalace.Theyhaven'tbeenbackyet.

hasgone考點(diǎn)解讀[解析]考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。notonly…but(also)…連接的并列成分作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞與but(also)后的成分在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致;再結(jié)合語境“Theyhaven'tbeenbackyet.”可知用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。故填hasgone。3.Eitheryouoroneofyourstudents

(be)toattendthemeetingthatisduetomorrow.

is考點(diǎn)解讀[解析]考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。either…or…“要么……要么……,或者……或者……”連接并列主語時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞遵循就近一致的原則,故謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)應(yīng)和one保持一致且時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),故填is。

單句填空1.Amy,aswellasherbrothers,

(give)awarmwelcomewhenreturningtothevillagelastweek.

實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練wasgiven[解析]考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。主語Amy后有aswellas引起的短語,謂語動(dòng)詞遵循“就遠(yuǎn)一致”原則用單數(shù)形式;由時(shí)間狀語lastweek可知,應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。此外,由于主語Amy與動(dòng)詞give之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故需用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。2.Allweneed

(be)asmallpieceoflandwherewecanplantvariouskindsoffruittreesthroughoutthegrowingseasonsoftheyear.

實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練is[解析]考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)asmallpieceofland可知謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式,而根據(jù)從句的時(shí)態(tài)可知應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。3.Allthescientificevidence

(show)thattheincreasinguseofchemicalsinfarmingisdamagingourhealth.

實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練shows[解析]考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。主句的主語evidence在此處是不可數(shù)名詞,謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式且根據(jù)語境可知,時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。4.Thefactthatsomanypeoplestillsmokeinpublicplaces

(suggest)thatwemayneedanationwidecampaigntoraisepublicawarenessoftherisksofsmoking.

實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練suggests[解析]考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。主語是thefact,故謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式且根據(jù)語境可知,時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。5.Itisreportedthatmanyanewhouse

(build)atpresentinthedisasterarea.

實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練isbeingbuilt[解析]考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致?！癿anya+單數(shù)名詞”作主語,謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式;由atpresent可知,應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。此外,由于house與動(dòng)詞build之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故此處還需用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。6.ThenumberofforeignstudentsattendingChineseuniversities

(be)risingsteadilysince1997.

實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練hasbeen[解析]考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致?！皌henumberof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”作主語,謂語動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式;由since1997及空后的rising可知,應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。7.Amongthosetakingpartintheproject

(be)80-year-oldRuthXavier.

實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練is/was[解析]考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。此句是倒裝句,主語是RuthXavier,謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。故填is/was。8.Apoetandartist

(be)comingtospeaktousaboutChineseliteratureandpaintingtomorrowafternoon.

實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練is[解析]考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。apoetandartist指的是同一個(gè)人,意為“一位詩人兼藝術(shù)家”,謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式,由tomorrowafternoon可知,應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來。9.Onethirdofthecountry

(be)coveredwithtreesandthemajorityofthecitizensareblackpeople.

實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練is[解析]考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。由“分?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù)+of+名詞”構(gòu)成的短語作主語時(shí),其謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)要根據(jù)短語中of后面名詞的數(shù)而定。根據(jù)are可知時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),故填is。10.ThepublicationofGreat

Expectations,which

(be)bothwidelyreviewedandhighlypraised,strengthenedDickens'statusasaleadingnovelist.

實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練was[解析]考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。which引導(dǎo)定語從句,指代先行詞Great

Expectations,在從句中作主語,因?yàn)橄刃性~是單數(shù)概念,所以謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式;該句敘述過去的事情,應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。

語法填空[2022·湖北武昌區(qū)高三質(zhì)檢]TheWestLakeinHangzhouCity,ZhejiangProvince,isregardedasChina'smost1.

(incredible)beautifullake.實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練incredibly【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文,介紹了杭州西湖的景點(diǎn)。[解析]考查副詞。設(shè)空處修飾形容詞beautiful,所以此處需填副詞作狀語,incredible的副詞為incredibly。故填incredibly。Therearewonderfulwordsandpoemswritten2._________________(describe)it,includingthosewrittenbySuDongpo.Standingonitsshores,onecaneasilyunderstandSu's3.

(compare)theWestLaketoXizi,anancientChinesebeauty.實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練todescribe[解析]2.考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,設(shè)空處表目的,需填動(dòng)詞不定式todescribe作目的狀語。故填todescribe。3.考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,該句主語是one,謂語是canunderstand,則設(shè)空處需填動(dòng)名詞,與名詞所有格Su's構(gòu)成復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu),充當(dāng)賓語。compare的動(dòng)名詞形式為comparing。故填comparing。comparingAsthesubjectand4.

(inspire)ofmanyfamousliteraryworks,theWestLake5._______________________________________(work)itscharmonallthosewhovisititforcenturies.

實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練inspiration[解析]4.考查名詞。連詞and連接兩個(gè)并列成分,and前面是名詞subject,則設(shè)空處也需填名詞。故填inspiration。5.考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。分析句子可知,空處為主句謂語動(dòng)詞,結(jié)合時(shí)間狀語forcenturies以及句意可知,此處需用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí),表示動(dòng)作從過去持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,還有可能繼續(xù)下去,又因主語theWestLake是單數(shù)名詞,助動(dòng)詞用has。故填hasworked或hasbeenworking。hasworked/hasbeenworkingVisitorstothelakeoftenspendtimeviewingthe“Ten