課時追蹤檢測（一）

Introduction&Reading

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Pre-reading閱讀理解ASmalltalkisaveryshortconversationusedbyindividualtokilltimeandmaketheotherpersonfeelcomfortableinhispresence.However,sometimesyoushouldbecarefulofyourtopics.Therearecertain“safe”topicsthatpeopleusuallydiscuss.Theweatherisprobablythenumberonethingthatpeoplewhodonotknoweachotherwelldiscuss.Sometimesevenfriendsandfamilymembersdiscusstheweatherwhentheymeetorstartaconversation.Anothertopicthatisgenerallysafeiscurrentevents.Aslongasyouarenotdiscussingacontroversial_issue,_suchasarecentlawconcerningequalrights,itisusuallysafetodiscussthat.Entertainmentandsportsnewsisanothergoodtopic.Ifthereissomethingthatyouandtheotherpersonhaveincommon,thatmayalsobeacceptabletotalkabout.Forexample,ifthebusisextremelyfullandtherearenoseatsavailable,youmighttalkaboutthereasonswhy.Similarly,peopleinanofficemightcasuallydiscussthenewpaintorfurniture.Therearealsosomesubjectsthatarenotconsideredacceptablewhenmakingsmalltalk.Discussingpersonalinformationsuchassalariesorarecentdivorceisunacceptablebetweenpeoplewhodonotknoweachotherwell.Complimentsonclothingorhairareacceptable;however,youshouldneversaysomething(goodorbad)aboutaperson'sbody.Negativecommentsaboutanotherpersonnotinvolvedintheconversationarealsonotacceptable.Whenyoudonotknowapersonwellyoucannotbesurewhotheirfriendsare.Youdonottalkaboutprivateissueseither,becauseyoudonotknowifyoucantrusttheotherpersonwithyoursecretsorpersonalinformation.Lastly,itisnotwisetocontinuetalkingaboutanissuethattheotherpersondoesnotseemcomfortablewithorinterestedin.語篇解讀：本文主要講了人們進行閑聊時安全的和不被接受的話題。1．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellus?A．Whydopeoplemakesmalltalk?B．Whattopicsdopeoplechoosewhenmakingsmalltalk?C．Whatissmalltalk?D．Inwhichsituationsdopeoplemakesmalltalk?分析：選B要旨粗心題。文章主要講了人們進行閑聊時安全的和不被接受的話題。應(yīng)選B。2．WhichofthefollowingisNOTthebesttopicwhenyoumakesmalltalk?A．Beautifulday,isn'tit?B．Didyouwatchthenewstoday?C．Haveyougotaboyfriend?D．Whatdoyouthinkofthenewcomputers?分析：選C細節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章最后一段第三句可知，在不太熟習(xí)的人們之間不要談?wù)撓嚓P(guān)個人問題的話題。應(yīng)選C。3．Theunderlinedpart“controversialissue”inthefourthparagraphmostprobablymeans“________”．A．debatablequestionB．a(chǎn)cceptablequestionC．privatequestionD．interestingquestion分析：選A詞義猜想題。從該詞后邊所給的例子：比方對于人權(quán)的法律方面的問題，可知其意為“有爭議的問題”。應(yīng)選A。BAreyousickoffeelingyourtongueturntoalumpof(一塊)coalwheneveryoumeetasmalltalksituation?Followthesesmarttips,andyou'llbecomeagreatconversationalistmakinglastingimpressionswhereveryougo.DebraFine,authorofTheFineArtofSmallTalk,saysthatconnectingwithpeoplethroughconversationdoesn'talwayscomeinstinctively(出于本能地).Thatmeansyouneedmuchtrainingtoimproveyourspeakingabilities.First,havearoundthreethingstotalkaboutbeforeyouheadforaninterview.Second,thinkoffourquestionsyoucanaskthatwillmaketheotherpersonchat.Finally,ifyou'vemetthepersonbefore,mentionsomethingofthepreviousconversationorintroductiontoshowyourinterest.Theawkwardmomentwhentheotherpersondidn'trecognizeyoumaymakeyoufeelhurt.Beforeyouputtoomuchpressureonanewrelationship,bethefirsttosay“hello”.Youcanrelease(開釋)somepressurebysaying,forexample，“StephaniePratt?Hi,goodtoseeyouagain.”Anotherwaytoputstrangersateaseistosmileandshaketheirhandswhenyougreetthem.Smalltalkisalwayschallengingatconferencesorlargeevents,especiallywhenyoudon'tknowanyone.There'sareasonwhymillionsofpeoplereadtheNewYorkTimeseveryday:tostayknowledgeableabouttheworldtheylivein.Ifyoufindreadingadailynewspapertootedious,_findspecialtopicsthatinterestyou.LearnthegeneralnewsfromNews,CNN,orGoogleNews.Buildaconversationbyasking,“Haveyouheardabout...？”Last,listeningisanimportantpartofsmalltalk,especiallyenteringaconversationthat'salreadyinprogress.Ifyouwanttoleavealastingimpression,oneofthebestwaysistobeagreatlistener.Asyoulistentoothers'experiencesandopinions,you'llenlargeyourknowledgeaboutotherculturesandnations,andfinallybecomeamorefascinatingconversationalist.

whenyou're語篇解讀：本文主要敘述了在閑聊時的一些技巧。4．AccordingtoDebraFine,________.A．manypeopledon'tlikesmalltalkB．peoplewithagoodmemoryaregoodattalkingC．showinginterestisthekeytoagoodconversationD．conversationisaskillthatneedstraining分析：選D細節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第二段中的“DebraFine...peoplethroughconversationdoesn'talwayscomeinstinctively(meansyouneedmuchtrainingtoimproveyourspeakingabilities.

saysthatconnectingwith出于本能地).That”可知，經(jīng)過講話來聯(lián)系別人是一種技巧，這類技巧不會自然出現(xiàn)，需要進行訓(xùn)練。5．Thepurposeofsmalltalkisto________.A．reducethepressureduringaconversationB．buildaconnectionandmakeagoodimpressionC．makeaconversationmoreinterestingD．enlargetheknowledgeaboutothercultures分析：選B推理判斷題。依據(jù)第一段中的“makinglastingimpressionsgo”以及第二段中的“saysthatconnectingwithpeoplethroughconversation

whereveryou”可知，閑聊的目的是聯(lián)系別人并給對方留下好印象。6．Theunderlinedword

“tedious

”

inPara.4means

“________”．A．short

B．limitedC．boring

D．formal分析：選

C

詞義猜想題。依據(jù)畫線詞后邊的“

find

special

topics

that

interest

you”可知，假如感覺看報紙對你來說有些無聊，那么找些你感興趣的話題來閱讀，故可知畫線詞的含義。CAnyonewhopassesregularlythroughbusypublicspacesknowsthatonevictimofourobsession(沉迷)withdigitaldevicessuchassmartphoneshasbeensmalltalk.Withoureyesfocusedonoursmartphones,fewerofusmakeconversationwithstrangers.Butarewemissingsomethinginthislossofrelaxingsmalltalk?Agrowingbodyofresearchsuggeststhatsmalltalkhassurprisingbenefits.Inastudypublishedin2014inthePersonalityandSocialPsychologyBulletin,researchersfoundthatdailyinteractionswithcasualacquaintancescancontributetoday-to-daywell-being.Participantswereaskedtorecordtheirdailyinteractionswithpeopleconnectedtothemby“strongties”(familyandfriends)and“weakties”(acquaintances).Ondayswhenparticipantshadmore“weaktie”interactionsthanusual,theyreportedagreatersenseofbelongingandhappiness.InastudypublishedintheJournalofExperimentalPsychologyin2014,anothergroupofresearcherslookedatinteractionsamongstrangers.Theyinvited118commuters(通勤者)ataChicago-arearailwaystationandgavethemoneofthreeroles:tostartaconversationonthetrain,toavoidanyconversationandenjoythesolitude(loneliness)ortodowhatevertheynormallydoontheircommute.Insurveyscompletedafterward,thosewhowereinstructedtomakeconversationwithstrangersreported“notablymorepositive”commutesthanthosewhorodeinsolitude.“Talkingwithastrangermaynotofferthesamebenefitsastalkingwithaclosefriend,butweunderestimate(低估)itsimportancetous，”saysthestudy'sco-author,NicholasEpley,aprofessorofbehavioralscienceattheUniversityofChicagoBoothphone,whichhasmadehim,hesays,moreopento“wonderful,shortconversationswithstrangers”．Peopleoverestimatethesocialrisksinvolvedinsmalltalk,addsDr.Epley,“Mostpeoplenotonlywanttotalktoyou,butthey'lltellyousecretthingstheymaynoteventellafamilymember”．語篇解讀：文章經(jīng)過一些重要研究結(jié)果說了然閑聊的好處。7．Thefirststudygotthefindingsfromtheparticipantsbycomparingtheir________.A．strongandweaktieinteractionsB．casualandcloseacquaintancesC．privateandpublicinteractionsD．familymembersandfriends分析：選A推理判斷題。細讀第二段可知，這項研究經(jīng)過比較參加者的“強聯(lián)系”社交和“弱聯(lián)系”社交得出了卻論。8．Whatdidthestudydoneonthetrainfindout?A．Peoplearelikelytorideinsolitudeonthetrain.B．Fewcommutersliketochatwithstrangers.C．Therearethreekindsoftraincommuters.D．Chatswithstrangersbringjoytopeople.分析：選D