2023年高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)Unit1Culturalrelics（講）（含解析）新人教版必修2PAGEPAGE18Unit1Culturalrelics單元知識預(yù)覽工程單詞及其詞性變化〔語法填空必備〕重點單詞1．valuableadj.貴重的；有價值的→valuen．價值v．估價→invaluableadj.無法估價的，無價的2．survivevi.幸免；；生幸存還→survivorn．幸存者→survivaln．幸存，存活3．a(chǎn)mazevt.使吃驚；驚訝→amazingadj.令人吃驚的→amazedadj.感到吃驚的→amazementn．驚奇，驚異4．selectvt.挑選；選擇→selectiveadj.有選擇性的5．designn．設(shè)計；圖案；構(gòu)思vt.設(shè)計；方案；構(gòu)思→designern．設(shè)計者6．decoratev．裝飾；裝修→decorationn．裝飾，裝飾物7．jeweln．珠寶；寶石→jewelleryn．珠寶(總稱)8．removevt.移動；搬開→removaln．移動；排除9．doubtn．疑心；疑惑vt.疑心；不信→doubtfuladj.疑心的10．formeradj.以前的；從前的11．worthprep.值得的，相當(dāng)于……的價值n.價值；作用adj.值錢的12．evidencen．根據(jù)；證據(jù)→evidentadj.明顯的；有線索的13．explodevi.爆炸→explosionn．爆炸14．entrancen．入口15．sinkvi.下沉；沉下16．debaten．爭論；辯論vi.爭論；辯論重點短語1．insearchof尋找2．belongto屬于3．inreturn作為報答4．a(chǎn)twar處于交戰(zhàn)狀態(tài)5．lessthan少于6．takeapart拆開7．thinkhighlyof看重；器重8．serveas充當(dāng)；擔(dān)任9．beofthefancystyle風(fēng)格奇特的10．ratherthan而不是經(jīng)典句型〔高考書面表達(dá)必備〕1．FrederickWilliamI,theKingofPrussia,couldneverhaveimaginedthathisgreatestgifttotheRussianpeoplewouldhavesuchanamazinghistory.普魯士國王腓特烈·威廉一世永遠(yuǎn)想象不到，他贈給俄羅斯人民的最厚重的禮物會有這樣一段令人驚訝的歷史。2．Thereisnodoubtthattheboxeswerethenputonatrain...毫無疑問，這些箱子后來被裝上火車……3．Afterthat,whathappenedtotheAmberRoomremainsamystery.從那以后，琥珀屋的最終所歸便成了一個謎。必備語法〔高級句型〕定語從句晨讀范文背誦你的英國朋友Jim所在的學(xué)校要組織學(xué)生來中國旅行，有兩條線路可以選擇：“長江之行〞或者“泰山之旅〞。Jim來信希望你能給些建議。請你給他回信，內(nèi)容包括：1.你建議的線路；2.你的理由；3.你的祝愿。注意：1.詞數(shù)不少于50；2.開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。DearJim，________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours，LiHua【參考范文】DearJim，I'mhappytoreceiveyourletterandknowyou'recomingtoChina.OfthetwotripstotheYangtzeRiverandMountTai,botharehighlyrecommended.Personally,IpreferthetouralongtheYangtze,thelongestriverandoneofthemotherriversofChinesecivilization.YoucanlearnalotaboutthehistoryofChinaandChinesepeople.Moreover,thesceneryalongtheriverisamazing,withmanywell-knownsightseeingspots.That'swhyIthinkthetripalongtheYangtzewillbeabetterchoice.Hopeyou'llhaveagoodtimeinChina.Yours，LiHua語言知識精析重點單詞精講考點1．survivevt.在……之后仍然生存；逃生；比……活得長vi.活下來；幸存【教材原句】Isitenoughtohavesurvivedforalongtime？(P1)它存留很長時間就足夠了嗎？【例句研讀】(1)Itwasluckythattheboysurvivedthefire.很幸運，這個男孩得以從大火中_____?！?〕逃生(2)Shesurvivedherhusbandbytenyears.〔2〕多活了她比她丈夫__________十年。(3)Manystrangecustomshavesurvivedfromearliertimes.〔3〕源遠(yuǎn)流長有許多乖僻的習(xí)俗_________?！練w納拓展】survivaln.存活，幸存survivorn.幸存者survivesb.(by)比某人活得長(幾年)survivesth.幸免于某事surviveonsth.靠……存活下來survivefromsth.從……存活下來；流傳下來【即時穩(wěn)固】Thereareconcernsthatthebeggarsinthestreetmaynotthefreezingwinter.A．survive B．liveC．suffer D．experience【答案】A考點2．designn．設(shè)計；圖案；構(gòu)思vt.設(shè)計；方案；構(gòu)思【教材原句】Thedesignoftheroomwasinthefancystylepopularinthosedays.(P1)琥珀屋的設(shè)計采用了當(dāng)時流行的別致的建筑式樣?！纠溲凶x】(1)Theyhavedesignedalotofadvancedelectricequipment.他們________許多先進(jìn)的電子設(shè)備?！?〕已設(shè)計了(2)Theexperimentisdesignedtotestthenewdrug.___________是試驗新藥?！?〕實驗的目的(3)Thesebooksareprimarilydesignedfortheuseofbeginners.這些書主要是供初學(xué)的人_______?！?〕使用的(4)Sheattendedaschoolofdressdesign.她就讀于一所_________學(xué)校。〔4〕服裝設(shè)計【歸納拓展】bydesign＝onpurpose有意，成心havedesignson/uponsth.(money/life)圖謀(錢、生命等)bedesignedforsb./sth.bedesignedtodosth.bedesignedassth.為某目的或用途【即時穩(wěn)固】完成句子1.這個工程是為窮人設(shè)計的。Theprojectthepoor.2.這個工程為賺錢而設(shè)計。Theprojectmakemoney.．3.她剛好在我們正要離開時到達(dá)，但我不能肯定這是出于偶然還是有意安排。Shearrivedjustaswewereleaving，butwhetherthiswasbyaccidentor________/onpurposeI'mnotsure.4.這些運動是為增強(qiáng)肌肉力量而設(shè)計的。(朗文P507)Theseexercises___________strengthenmuscles.【答案】1.isdesignedfor2.isdesignedto3.bydesign4.aredesignedto考點3．fancyadj.奇怪的；異樣的vt.想象；設(shè)想；愛好n．想象力；夢想；愛好【教材原句】Thedesignoftheroomwasinthefancystylepopularinthosedays.(P1)琥珀屋的設(shè)計采用了當(dāng)時流行的別致的建筑式樣。【例句研讀】(1)Doyoufancygoingoutthisevening？今晚你________出去？〔1〕想不想(2)Shefanciedherself(as/tobe)afamousactress.她___________是個有名的演員?！?〕自以為(3)Shefanciedthatshewasbeingfollowed.她__________好似自己被跟蹤了?！?〕覺得【歸納拓展】fancyoneself(assth.)自命非凡；自負(fù)fancy＋n.＋(tobe)/as＋n.認(rèn)為……是……fancy(one's)doing想象(某人)做某事haveafancyfor愛好catch/takeone'sfancy合某人的心意；吸引某人takeafancytosb./sth.喜歡上/愛上某人/某物【即時穩(wěn)固】Heusuallyappearstobehonest.Whocanfancysuchathing?A．hisdo B．hisdoingC．histodo D．doing【答案】B考點4．doubtn.疑心；疑惑vt.疑心；不信【教材原句】ThereisnodoubtthattheboxeswerethenputonatrainforKonigsberg，whichwasatthattimeaGermancityontheBalticSea.(P2)毫無疑問，這些箱子后來被裝上火車運往哥尼斯堡，它是當(dāng)時德國在波羅的海邊的一個城市?！纠溲凶x】(1)_____________________________theywillagreewithyouonthismatter.毫無疑問，他們在這件事上會同意你的意見的。(2)_____________________________theirfootballteamwillwinthematch.他們的足球隊會不會贏得這場比賽還不能肯定。(3)Idon'tdoubt______hecanfinishthetaskontime.我相信他能按時完成任務(wù)。(1)Thereisnodoubtthat(2)Thereissomedoubtwhether(3)that【歸納拓展】doubtfuladj.疑心的beyond/outofdoubt毫無疑問地；確實地indoubt不肯定；不確定nodoubt無疑地；很可能withoutdoubt無疑地；確實地Idon'tdoubtthat...我確信……Idoubtwhether(if)．..我疑心是否……Thereisnodoubtthat－clauseabout...毫無疑問……注意：doubt在肯定句中用whether或if引導(dǎo)從句，但在疑問句和否認(rèn)句中用that引導(dǎo)從句?！炯磿r穩(wěn)固】根據(jù)漢語意思完成句子(1)Idoubt___________theycanswimacrosstheriver.我疑心他們能否游過河去。(2)Thismeetinghasbeen,____________,oneofthemostusefulwehavehadsofar.這無疑是我們迄今為止最有用的一次會議。(1)whether(2)withoutdoubt考點5．worthprep.值得的；相當(dāng)于……的價值n．價值；作用adj.值錢的【教材原句】Ingroupsdiscuss：IsitworthrebuildinglostculturalrelicssuchastheAmberRoomorYuanMingYuaninBeijing？(P2)分組討論：重建遺失的文化遺產(chǎn)，如琥珀屋和北京的圓明園是值得的嗎？【例句研讀】(1)Thetripwasexpensivebutitwaswortheverypenny.這次旅行花費很大，但是花的__________。(1)每一分錢都不冤枉(2)Thebookiswellworthreading.這本書_________。(2)很值得一讀(3)Thearticleisworthyofcarefulstudy./ofbeingstudiedcarefully./tobestudiedcarefully.這篇文章_________仔細(xì)研究。(3)值得【歸納拓展】beworth＋n.“值……〞(僅限于少數(shù)表示錢數(shù)或某種代價的比喻性名詞)be(well)worthdoing“(很)值得做〞(用well修飾；用動名詞的主動式表示被動含義)beworthyof＋n.of＋beingdone值得做某事tobedoneItisworthwhiletodosth.doingsth.做某事是值得的另外：worthy可用做前置定語，表示“有價值的；可敬的〞，而worth不能做前置定語。如：aworthygentleman一位可敬的紳士?！炯磿r穩(wěn)固】用worth/worthy/worthwhile填空①Thissecond－h(huán)andcaris$2，000atthemost.②Guangzhouistobevisited.③ItistogototheSummerPalaceforavisit.【答案】①worth②worthy③worthwhile考點6．selectvt.挑選；選擇【教材原句】Theamberwhichwasselectedhadabeautifulyellow－browncolourlikehoney.(P1)選出來的琥珀色彩艷麗，呈現(xiàn)蜂蜜一樣的黃褐色?！纠溲凶x】Hetaughtushowtoselectseeds.他教我們怎樣選種。SheletshersonselecthisownChristmaspresent.她讓兒子自己選擇圣誕禮物?！練w納拓展】①select...for...為……而挑選……②select...from...從……中挑選……【即時穩(wěn)固】Theplayersfromthewholecountryareexpectedtobringushonorinthissummergame.A．selecting B．toselectC．selected D．havingselected【答案】C重點短語精講考點1．insearchof＝inone'ssearchfor尋找；搜尋【教材原句】INSEARCHOFTHEAMBERROOM(P1)尋找琥珀屋【例句研讀】(1)Theystartedoffatonce__________________themissinggirl.他們立即出發(fā)，尋找失蹤的女孩。(2)Thepolice_____________her______drugs.警察搜查她，看她身上是否有毒品。(3)Wehavebeen____________thelostboyallover.我們一直在到處找那失蹤的男孩。(4)He__________________thebookandgaveittome.他找出那本書給了我。(5)He____________(through)hispockets______acigarette.他把自己的口袋找遍了，想找到一根香煙。(1)insearchof(2)searched...for(3)searchingfor(4)searchedout(5)searchedfor【歸納拓展】search...for...在……里面/身上搜尋searchfor＝lookfor＝huntfor尋找searchout找出某人或某物searchthrough把……仔細(xì)搜尋一遍makeasearchfor...搜查，搜尋拓展：inhonourof為了紀(jì)念；為向……表示敬意inpraiseof歌頌……；表揚……inmemoryof為紀(jì)念……infavourof贊同，支持inplaceof代替inchargeof負(fù)責(zé)inpossessionof擁有incontrolof控制infaceof面對……inneed/wantof需要【即時穩(wěn)固】完成句子①他們立刻啟程去尋找那個走失的女孩。Theystartedoffatoncethemissinggirl.＝Theystartedoffatoncethemissinggirl.②他們到處尋找那個人。Theythatmaneverywhere.＝Theythatmaneverywhere.【答案】①insearchof；tosearchfor②searchfor；areinsearchof考點2．belongto屬于；為……的一員【教材原句】However，thenextkingofPrussia，F(xiàn)rederickWilliamⅠ，towhomtheamberroombelonged，decidednottokeepit.(P1～2)然而，下一位普魯士國王，腓特烈·威廉一世，這個琥珀屋的主人卻決定不要它了?！纠溲凶x】(1)Thatdictionary____________thelibrary.那本詞典是圖書館的。(2)Doyou____________thetradeunion？你是工會會員嗎？(3)Wheredotheseplates_______？這些盤子該放在哪？(1)belongsto(2)belongto(3)belong【歸納拓展】提示：(1)belongto不用于被動語態(tài)，也不用于進(jìn)行時態(tài)。(2)belongvi.“適合待在某處，放在某處〞，沒有含被動意味的過去分詞用法。(3)belongingsn.財產(chǎn)，所有物，相關(guān)事物【即時穩(wěn)固】完成句子1.Someyearsago，thegroup______whichSparrow__________wastakenoverbyanothercompany.幾年前，Sparrow所屬的集團(tuán)被另一家公司收購。2.Asisknowntous，Chinaisacountry__________theThirdWorld.眾所周知，中國是一個屬于第三世界的國家?！敬鸢浮?.to;belonged2.belongingto考點3．inreturn作為回報；作為交換【教材原句】Inreturn，theCzarsenthimatroopofhisbestsoldiers.(P2)作為回贈，沙皇送給他一隊自己最好的士兵。【例句研讀】Iboughthimadrinkinreturnforhishelp.我請他喝酒以酬謝他的幫助。Heaskedeachoftheminturnthreequestions.他挨個兒問他們每人三個問題。Theoryisbasedonpracticeandinturnservespractice.理論的根底是實踐，反過來理論又為實踐效勞?！練w納拓展】inreturnfor為……作為回報withoutreturn無賺頭；無利潤byreturn(接信后)立即回復(fù)returnsb.sth.(＝returnsth.tosb.)將某物歸還某人returntosomeplace/life回到某地/復(fù)活【即時穩(wěn)固】HehelpsmewithEnglish,andIhelphimwithChinese．A．forreturn B．a(chǎn)sreturnC．inreturn D．toreturn【答案】C考點4.atwar處于交戰(zhàn)狀態(tài)【教材原句】Thiswasatimewhenthetwocountrieswereatwar.【例句研讀】(1)Thetwocountrieshavebeen__________foryears.這兩國已經(jīng)打了好幾年仗了。(2)____________theinsectlookslikeadeadleaf.這種昆蟲不動時看上去像一片枯葉。(3)Thecountrieshavebeen____________formorethanacentury.這些國家和平共處已有一個多世紀(jì)了。(1)atwar(2)Atrest(3)atpeace【歸納拓展】atwork在上班atplay在玩atpeace處于和平中atschool在上學(xué)atbreakfast在吃早飯attable在吃飯atdesk在學(xué)習(xí)atrest靜止【即時穩(wěn)固】LeadingtheUSwomen’svolleyballteambacktoherhometownfortheBeijingOlympicGames,LangPingfelt______whenshesawsomefamiliarfaces.A．a(chǎn)thome B．a(chǎn)theartC．a(chǎn)twill D．a(chǎn)tsight【答案】A考點5．takeapart拆開，拆散【教材原句】TheoldmansawsomeGermanstakingaparttheAmberRoomandremovingit.(P4)老人看到一些德國人撤除并移走了琥珀屋。【例句研讀】(1)TheGermans____________theAmberRoomandmoveditaway.德國人把琥珀屋拆開移走了。(2)Johnenjoys__________________toseehowtheywork.約翰喜歡拆卸東西，以研究它們的工作原理。(1)tookapart(2)takingthingsapart【歸納拓展】拓展：apart是副詞，“相距，相隔；分開，別離；在一邊〞。還可以構(gòu)成如下短語：apartfrom除……以外know/tell...apart識別，區(qū)別put/setsb./sth.apart(fromsb./sth.)使某人/某物顯得優(yōu)越或獨特standapart分開站liveapart分開住bewide/farapart相距很遠(yuǎn)【即時穩(wěn)固】Rodlovesclocks.However，henevermanagestoputthemtogetheragain.A．takingapart B．givingawayC．makingup D．turningoff【答案】A考點6．thinkhighlyof看重；器重【教材原句】【例句研讀】(1)Idon't__________________theseso－calledimprovementstothetowncenter.我對這些所謂的改善市中心的措施評價不高。(2)Weall__________________her.我們都很看重她。(1)thinkmuchof(2)thinkhighlyof【歸納拓展】thinkwell/muchofsb./sth.對某人/某物評價高thinkbadly/little/ill/lightlyofsb./sth.對某人/某物評價低(印象不好)thinkpoorlyof不放在眼里；輕視thinknothingof輕視；認(rèn)為無所謂speakhighlyof高度贊揚speakwell/illof說……好/壞thinkof想起，記得；覺得怎樣thinkof...as...把……當(dāng)做……提示：當(dāng)thinkhighly/well/much...of用于被動結(jié)構(gòu)時，修飾動詞的副詞應(yīng)放在動詞之前，即：behighly/well/muchthoughtof?！炯磿r穩(wěn)固】—Whatdoyouthink______MrWang?—Heis______thoughtofbyus.A．of;well B．a(chǎn)bout;badlyC．over;worse D．of;good【答案】A經(jīng)典句型剖析考點1couldhavedone表示推測【教材原句】FrederickWilliamI,theKingofPrussia,couldneverhaveimaginedthathisgreatestgifttotheRussianpeoplewouldhavesuchanamazinghistory.普魯士國王腓特烈·威廉一世永遠(yuǎn)想象不到他贈給俄羅斯人民的最厚重的禮物會有這樣一段令人驚訝的歷史?！揪浞ǚ治觥勘揪渲衏ouldneverhaveimagined為情態(tài)動詞表推測的用法，can和could可以用在否認(rèn)句和疑問句中，后接完成式，表示對已發(fā)生的事情的驚訝、疑心、猜想或不相信等；或接進(jìn)行時，表示對正發(fā)生的事情的驚訝、疑心、猜想或不相信等；或接原形，表示對現(xiàn)在或一般情況的否認(rèn)推測。①Could/Canhehavebeentoldthenews?他被告知這個消息了嗎？②HeknewlittleaboutJapanese,sohecouldn'thavelearnedit.他對日語一無所知，因此他不可能學(xué)過。③Thelightisout.Theycan'tbeathome.燈滅著，他們現(xiàn)在不可能在家。拓展：(1)can/could主要用于否認(rèn)推測；must表推測只用于肯定句；mustn't表示“禁止；不允許〞。情態(tài)動詞can和must表推測時，其反意疑問句的動詞形式要依據(jù)主句中有無具體時間狀語而定。(2)couldhavedone用于肯定句，那么表示“本來能夠做到卻沒有做到〞，此時could不能換成can。①Itseemsthatheisunhappy.Hemusthavebeentoldthebadnews.看起來他不快樂，他一定已被告知這個壞消息了。②Hecouldhavecaughttheearlybus,buthisbikebrokedownontheway.他本能夠趕上那輛早班車，但是他的自行車在路上壞了?！纠溲凶x】Hecouldn'thavegoneabroad.Isawhimjustnow.他不可能已經(jīng)出國了。我剛剛還看見他了。Weknewhecouldn'thavepaidforit，becausehehadnomoney.我們知道不可能是他付了這筆錢，因為他沒錢。Tomcouldhavetakenthemoney.Hewasherealoneyesterday.有可能是湯姆把錢拿走了，昨天他單獨一個人在這里呆過。Hecouldhavepassedtheexam，buthewastoocareless.他本來能通過考試的，但是他太粗心了。【考點聚焦】情態(tài)動詞+完成式表對過去事實的推測【即時穩(wěn)固】(1)I______havebeenmorethansixyearsoldwhentheaccidenthappened.A．shouldn‘t B．couldn'tC．mustn't D．needn't【答案】B【解析】此題考查情態(tài)動詞的用法。must表推測只能用于肯定句，否認(rèn)句用can't/couldn't代替。shouldn'thavedone表示“本來不該而實際上卻做了〞，needn'thavedone表示“本來不必而實際上卻做了〞，均不合題意。本句譯為：當(dāng)事故發(fā)生時我不可能超過6歲。(2)Hepaidforaseat,whenhe______haveenteredfree.A．could B．wouldC．must D．need【答案】A考點2have＋賓語＋賓語補足語結(jié)構(gòu)【教材原句】Later，CatherineIIhadtheAmberRoommovedtoapalaceoutsideStPetersburgwhereshespenthersummers.(P2)后來，葉卡捷琳娜二世派人把琥珀屋搬到圣彼得堡郊外她避暑的宮殿中?！揪浞ǚ治觥縣adtheAmberRoommoved是“have＋賓語＋賓語補足語〞結(jié)構(gòu)。Ifshe'slucky，she'llhaveherbusinessplanaccepted.如果她夠幸運的話，她的商業(yè)方案會被接受。Thepatientisgoingtohavehistemperaturetaken.這個病人準(zhǔn)備讓人量體溫。①have/getsth.done可以表示：使某事被做(主語有意識的行為，可能是主語自己做，也可能是讓別人做)；遭遇，經(jīng)歷(此事違背主語的意愿)。假設(shè)賓語和賓補之間是主動關(guān)系那么用：②havesb.dosth.(do強(qiáng)調(diào)做某事這一事實)③havesb./sth.doing(doing強(qiáng)調(diào)持續(xù)進(jìn)行某一動作)【例句研讀】Iwouldhavehimwaitformeatthegateofthepark.我要他在公園門口等我。You'dbetterhaveyourcarrunningslowly.你最好把車子開慢點?！究键c聚焦】have＋賓語＋賓語補足語結(jié)構(gòu)【即時穩(wěn)固】1.Clairehadherluggageanhourbeforeherplaneleft.A．check B．checkingC．tocheck D．checked【答案】D【解析】所填詞做使役動詞have的賓語補足語，其邏輯主語是have的賓語herluggage，非謂語動詞與邏輯主語是被動關(guān)系，且其表示的動作在位于動詞動作之前已經(jīng)完成，用過去分詞，選D。2.IamgoingtoBeijing.Doyouhaveanything？A．taking B．totakeC．tobetaken D．taken【答案】C【解析】句意：我去北京。你有東西要捎嗎？take的執(zhí)行者是“我〞，原句的主語是“你〞。故答案選C項。3.I'llhaveallofthereadingsbytheendofthistermifmyplangoeswell.A．completing B．tocompleteC．completed D．beingcompleted【答案】C考點3bedoing...when...意為“正在做……這時(突然)……〞【教材原句】.Onedayhewaslookinginasecond－h(huán)andfurnitureshopwhenhesawanamazingobjectamongthemanydifferentvasesandjewels.(P3)一天，他正在一家二手家具店里查看，這時他(突然)在眾多不同的花瓶和首飾中看見了一個神奇的東西?！揪浞ǚ治觥縝edoing...when...意為“正在做……這時(突然)……〞，when在句中作并列連詞。相當(dāng)于andthen，andatthattime。IwasthinkingofthiswhenIheardmynamecalled.我正想著這件事時，突然聽到有人叫我的名字。Iwasreadingabookattentivelywhenanoldfriendcametoseeme.我正在全神貫注地讀一本書，突然一位老友來訪?！練w納拓展】beabouttodo...when...即將做……這時……beonthepointofdoing...when...正要做……這時……h(huán)adjustdone...when...剛做完……這時……【例句研讀】Iwasabouttoswimintheriverwhentheguidetoldmetherewereman－eatingfishinit.我正要下河游泳這時導(dǎo)游告訴我河里有食人魚。Hewasonthepointofleavingwhensomeoneknockedatthedoor.他正要走，這時有人敲門。