Thesadyoungmen——paragraph6

thespiritofcarnivalandthe

enthusiasmforhighmilitary

adventureweresoondissipatedoncetheeageryoungmenhadreceivedagoodtasteof

twentieth-centurywarfare.spiritofcarnival:festivespirit,spiritofrevelryandmerry-makinghigh:characterizedbysublime,heroic,orstirringevents;excitinghaveagoodtasteof:metaphor,tohaverealorthoroughexperienceof.Naturally，譯文一旦這些滿腔熱血的年輕人飽嘗了二十世紀(jì)戰(zhàn)爭的滋味以后，那種縱情狂歡的興致和要從事轟轟烈烈的軍事冒險的熱情順理成章地很快就煙消云散了。

theirlastingglory,theyfoughtwithdistinction,butitwasamuchalteredgroupofsoldierswhoreturnedfromthebattlefieldsin1919.他們可以永遠(yuǎn)感到光榮，因?yàn)樗麄冊趹?zhàn)場上表現(xiàn)得很出色，但是1919年從戰(zhàn)場上回來的卻是一批已經(jīng)發(fā)生了很大變化的士兵。Towasthistrueofthecollegecontingent,whoseidealismhadledthemtoenlistearlyandwhohadgenerallyseenaconsiderableamountofaction.Especiallycontingent(n.):ashare,proportion，orquota，asoftroops．ships。laborers，delegates，etc．小分隊，分遣部隊

Paraphrase:Itwasparticularlytruefortheyoungmenofcollegeage,whojoinedthearmyandtookpartinlotsofrealfightingoutofidealism.Onreturninghome,theyfeltmuchmoreataloss.Theysensedthefuturewashopelessforthem.譯文:特別是大學(xué)兵團(tuán)的士兵們,他們由于深受理想主義的影響很早就到軍中服役，可謂是屢經(jīng)沙場。them,itwasbittertoreturntoahometownvirtuallyuntouchedbytheconflict,wherecitizensstilltalkedwiththena?veFourth-of–Julybombasttheythemselveshadbeenguiltyoftwoorthreeyearsearlier.對他們來說，回到幾乎沒有受到戰(zhàn)爭的任何影響的故鄉(xiāng)是一件痛苦的事，因?yàn)樵谀抢铮藗內(nèi)栽谙駪c祝獨(dú)立日時那樣天真地大唱愛國的高調(diào)，而這是他們自己兩三年前也曾犯過的錯誤。ToFourth-of-July:U.S.IndependenceDay,commemoratingtheadoptionoftheDeclarationofIndependence,celebratedwiththefiringofgunsandfireworks,parades,open-airmeetings,andpatrioticspeeches.Bombast:pompousofpretentioustalkorwriting浮夸的言語，高調(diào)Fourth-of-Julybombast:pompousandpatrioticspeechesmadeduringtheFourthofJulycelebrations.

wasevenmorebittertofindthattheiroldjobshadbeentakenbythestay-at-homes,thatbusinesswassufferingarecessionthatpreventedtheopeningupofnewjobs,andthatveteranswereconsideredproblemchildrenandlessdesirablethannon-veteransforwhateverbusinessopportunitiesthatdidexist.It

令他們痛苦的是，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)自己原來的工作已被留在家里的人奪占了。而當(dāng)時又正值經(jīng)濟(jì)蕭條時期，新的工作無法找到，現(xiàn)有的工作機(jī)會本就為數(shù)不多，而且人們又寧愿聘用非退伍軍人，而把退伍軍人看作難對付的孩子，不愿聘用。更veterans：退伍軍人

veryhomeswereoftenuncomfortabletothem;theyhadoutgrowntownandfamiliesanddevelopedasuddenbewilderingworld-wearinesswhichneithertheynortheirrelativescouldunderstand.Outgrow:1.togrowtoobigtobeabletowearorfitintosth.2.togrowtoobigtobeabletowearorfitintosth.3.tostopdoingsth.orloseinterestinsth.asyoubecomeolderWorld-weariness:sadnessonthinkingabouttheevilsoftheworld.Their就連他們自己的家對他們來說也常常是不舒服的；他們再也不能適應(yīng)家鄉(xiāng)和家庭了，并且萌生出一種突如其來的、迷惘的厭世之感。這種感覺不論是他們自己還是他們的親友都不能理解。

energieshadbeenwhippedupandtheirnaivetédestroyedbythewarandnow,insleepyGopherPrairiesalloverthecountry,theywerebeingaskedtocurbthoseenergiesandresumetheposeofself-deceivingVictorianinnocencethattheynowfelttobeasoutmodedasthenotionthattheirfightinghad“madetheworldsafefordemocracy.”whipup:rouse，excite激起naiveté:lackofexperience,wisdom,orjudgment.天真outmoded

:nolongerinfashionoracceptedobsolete舊式的；過時的；廢棄了的Their戰(zhàn)爭激起了他們的勁頭，打掉了他們的天真幼稚。而現(xiàn)在，在遍布全國的沉睡的、落后的地方，到處都要求他們抑制他們的勁頭，并恢復(fù)那種自欺欺人的、維多利亞式的天真無邪的態(tài)度。但是他們現(xiàn)在覺得這種態(tài)度同那種說什么他們的戰(zhàn)斗已“使民主在這個世界有了保障”的論調(diào)一樣，都是陳舊過時的。

asifhometownconditionswerenotenough,thereturningveteranalsohadtofacethesodden,Napoleonic

cynicismofVersailles,thehypocritical

do-goodismofProhibition,andthesmug

patriotismofthewarprofiteers.

veteran(n.)退伍軍人；老兵；老戰(zhàn)士；老水兵apersonwhohasbeenasoldier,sailor,etc.inawarsodden(adj.):dullorstupefied，asfromoverindulgenceinliquor(因沉迷于酒而變得)遲鈍的，麻木的Cynicism:(古希臘的)犬儒哲學(xué),犬儒主義是個外來詞，中文里本來沒有現(xiàn)成的對應(yīng)詞匯，通常將它理解為譏誚嘲諷，憤世嫉俗，玩世不恭And,Versailles：凡爾賽（Versailles）之于奧斯曼（Haussman）的巴黎，紫禁城之于同時是歷史的也是當(dāng)代的北京。Hypocritical：虛偽的showingthenatureofhypocrisydo-goodism：行善主義Smug：沾沾自喜的；自鳴得意的lookingorfeelingtoopleasedaboutsth.youhavedoneorachieved再者，似乎家鄉(xiāng)的情況還不夠受的，退伍軍人還得面對凡爾賽和約那種愚蠢的、拿破侖式的犬儒主義、禁酒法令那種虛偽的行善主義，以及那些發(fā)了戰(zhàn)爭財?shù)娜藗兊难笱笞缘玫膼蹏髁x。

inthetension-riddenyouthofAmericahadto“give”and,afterashortperiodofbitterresentment,it“gave”intheformofacompleteoverthrowofgenteelstandardsofbehavior.那些氣鼓鼓的美國青年的不滿遲早要爆發(fā)出來。在經(jīng)過一段短暫的強(qiáng)烈的怨忿之后，它終于以一種徹底推翻溫文爾雅的行為規(guī)范的形式而爆發(fā)出來了。

Somethingtension-ridden:feelnervous緊張的resentment（n.）afeelingofdeepandbitterangerandill-will怨恨;憤慨;憎恨e.g:Don’tletyourresentmentbuildup.overthrow:theterminationofarulerorinstitution(especiallybyforce)推翻，打倒e.g:Aftertheoverthrowofthegovernment,thecountrywasinchaosgenteel:markedbyrefinementintasteandmanners.e.g:Therearetwomaidenladieswithgenteelmannersandvoices.“give”：tobend,sink,move,breakdown,yield,etc.fromforceorpressure.Paraphrase:（underallthisforcean