[寫作必備]基礎(chǔ)詞匯1．occurv． 發(fā)生2．a(chǎn)dvocatev. 提倡3．a(chǎn)ssistancen. 幫助4．harmoniousadj. 和諧的5．regretfuladj. 后悔的6．congratulatev. 祝賀

·必考話題5日?；顒?/p>

7．independentadj. 獨立的8．remindv. 提醒9．outgoingadj. 外向的10．perseverev. 堅持不懈11．giveup 放棄12．ratherthan 而不是13．belongto 屬于14．befamiliarwith 對……熟悉

提分句型1．Hope

forthebest，butprepare

fortheworst. 抱最好的愿望，做最壞的打算。2．Onthewayhome，Icaught

sight

of

a

car

knockingintoabigtruck. 在回家的路上，我看到了一輛轎車撞上了一輛大卡車。

3．To

our

surprise，they

seemed

to

show

no

interest

intryingkickingtheharmfulhabit.使我們感到驚訝的是，對于嘗試改掉那種有害的習慣他們似乎不感興趣。4．It's

advisable

thatwebrushourteethbeforegoingtobed.我們睡前刷牙是可取的。5．Hefeelssleepyinclassesbecausehestudies

deep

into

the

night.因為熬夜學習，課堂上他覺得昏昏欲睡。

[美文賞析]素材示例(2013·陜西卷)假定你是李華。請根據(jù)寫作要點用英語寫一篇周記，記述你周末幫助家人做家務(wù)的一次經(jīng)歷。 寫作要點：(1)做家務(wù)的理由；(2)做家務(wù)的過程；(3)你的感受。 注意：(1)短文詞數(shù)不少于100；(2)開頭部分已寫好，不計入總詞數(shù)。(3)不能使用真實姓名和學校名稱。 Iaman18-year-oldmiddleschoolstudent._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________I'man18-year-oldmiddleschoolstudent.Ihavealwaysbeentoobusywithmystudytohelpmyparentsathome.NotuntilrecentlydoIbegintothinkaboutwhatIshoulddoformyparents.①LastSunday，whenmyparentswerenotathome，itoccurredtomethatIcouldcleanthewholehouse②.Atfirst，Isweptandmoppedthefloor.ThenIputthethingsinplacesuchasbooks，newspapersandotherthingsscatteredintheroom.佳作播報

Iwaswipingthedoorwhenmyparentscameback③.TheywereonlytoosurprisedtoseewhatIwasdoing.Icouldseetearsinmymother'seyes.Atthatmoment，IknewitwastimethatIsharedmyloadforthefamily.TiredthoughIwas④，IneverrealizedwhatuseIcanbeoftomyparentsuntilthatmoment.1．notuntil開頭的時間狀語從句放在句首，主句用部分倒裝。 [模擬]NotuntilhetookoffhisdarkglassesdidIrealisethathewasBiFujian. 直到他摘下墨鏡，我才認出他是畢福劍。2．Itoccurred/occurstosbthat...某人突然想起…… [模擬]

ItoccurredtomethatDaShancamefromCanada.我突然想起大山來自加拿大。

3．bedoing...when...正在做某事，這時…… [模擬]IwaswatchingtheVoiceofChinawhensomeoneknockedatthedoor. 我正在看《中國好聲音》，這時有人敲門。

Ⅰ.核心單詞1．________vi.膨脹2．________vi.收縮3．________n．階段；時期4．________vt.煮；煮沸5．________adj.普通的；平常的6．________vi.形成7．________n．演講

8．________n．混合物→________vt.&vi.(使)混合9．________n．電→________adj.與電有關(guān)的→________adj.發(fā)電的；用電的10．________n.結(jié)論→________vt.得出結(jié)論11．________n．目標；目的→________adj.漫無目的的12．________n．設(shè)備，裝備→________vt.裝備；配備13．________n．反應(yīng)→________vi.反應(yīng)14．________adj.吃驚的，驚愕的→________adj.令人吃驚的→________vt.使吃驚→________n．驚奇答案1.expand2.contract3.stage4.boil5.ordinary6.form7.lecture8.mixture；mix9.electricity；electrical；electric10.conclusion；conclude11.aim；aimless12.equipment；equip13.reaction；react14.astonished；astonishing；astonish；astonishment巧學妙記1．語境記憶 (1)Thisproducedachain________，whichmadeeveryonepresent________violently.(react) (2)Icametoa________thatoncethepricehadbeenagreedonadealwasquickly________.(conclusion)(3)Tomy________，whathesaid________thepeopleatthemeeting.Asaresult,an________numberofpeopleatpresentpraisedhimforhisbravery.(astonish)答案(1)reaction；react(2)conclusion；concluded(3)astonishment；astonished；astonishing

2．詞匯串記 Thelectureaboutone'saiminlifeimpressedeveryonepresent.Itgotamixedreaction.Atlast,weconcludedthatpeopleshouldn'tleadanaimlesslife.Therearenoordinarymomentsinallstagesoflife.Ⅱ.重點短語1．按順序排列……；使……有條理 ____________2．在……的頂部/底部 ____________3．往……加入…… ____________4．不讓……入內(nèi) ____________5．控制；保留 ____________6．goahead ____________7．usedto ____________8．intheareaof ____________

9．beproudof ____________10．besupposedto ____________答案1.put...inorder2.atthetop/bottomof3.add...to...4.keep...outof...5.keep...back6.進行；(表示準許)請做(說)吧7.過去(常常)……8.在……領(lǐng)域9.為……感到驕傲/自豪10.理應(yīng)；應(yīng)當Ⅲ.經(jīng)典句式1．Itishardtothinkofaworldwithoutmetals. 很難想象一個沒有金屬的世界。 [句式提煉]It＋be＋adj.＋不定式 [句式仿寫]在這么短的時間內(nèi)完成任務(wù)很困難。 ____________thetaskinsuchashortperiodoftime.2．Hereisatablewiththemetalsthatreactmostatthetop,andthemetalsthatreactleastatthebottom.下面是一個表格，列于頂部的金屬反應(yīng)最強烈，下部的則最弱。 [句式提煉]完全倒裝句 [句式仿寫]當心！車來了！ Lookout！____________！

3．Thecloseryouare,themoreyou'llsee. 你靠得越近，看到的就越多。 [句式提煉]the＋比較級(＋主語＋謂語)，the＋比較級(＋主語＋謂語) [句式仿寫]你寫得越仔細，出現(xiàn)的錯誤就越少。 Themorecarefullyyouwrite,____________.答案1.Itisdifficulttofinish2.Herecomesthecar3．thefewermistakesyou'llmake[核心單詞]expand

v．膨脹；擴大；擴展 [經(jīng)典例句]Hewassoeagertoexpandhisfarmthathedidnotnoticetheriverflowingslowlytowardshisdoor.(2013·江西·閱讀理解A) 他非?？释麛U大農(nóng)場以至于他沒有注意到河流慢慢地流向他的房門。expandinto (使……)擴大成……expandin 在……方面增加/膨脹expandon/upon 詳述，詳細闡明

①AsHelen‘sknowledgeandvocabularyexpanded,sheaskedmoreandmorequestions.隨著海倫知識和詞匯量的增加，她問的問題越來越多。②Hismodestbusinesseventually________asuper- marketempire.他原先不大的生意后來擴展成了超級市場集團企業(yè)。答案②expandedinto

【易混辨析】

語境填詞③Thefire________fromthefactorytothewarehousenearby.④Thepath________asfarasthehill.⑤Mybluesweaterhas________completelyoutofshape.⑥Metals________whentheyareheated.答案③spread④extends⑤stretched⑥expand【巧學助記】conclusion

n．結(jié)論；結(jié)束 [經(jīng)典例句]Theauthorsofthestudynotedthattherewerelimitationstotheirconclusions.(2013·湖北·閱讀理解E) 該項研究的作者提到，他們的結(jié)論有一定的局限性。

(1)cometo/arriveat/reach/drawaconclusion 得出結(jié)論 makeaconclusion下結(jié)論 bring...toaconclusion 使……結(jié)束 inconclusion(＝toconclude) 最后(一句話)(2)concludev．得出結(jié)論；斷定；推斷出；結(jié)束

①Weconcludedthathewasagainstourplan. ＝We____________thathewasagainstourplan. 我們得出結(jié)論他反對我們的計劃。②Inconclusion,I'dliketosayhowmuchIhaveenjoyedmyselftoday. ＝____________，I'dliketosayhowmuchIhaveenjoyedmyselftoday. 最后，我想說我今天過得很開心。cametotheconclusionInconclusionaim

n．[C]目標，目的；[U]瞄準v.瞄準，對準，目標在于 [經(jīng)典例句]Mostbusinessesseektomakeaprofit—thatis,theyaimtoachieveincomethatismorethanthecostsofoperatingthebusiness.(2013·新課標Ⅰ·任務(wù)型閱讀) 大部分企業(yè)努力獲取利潤，也就是說，他們旨在獲得超出企業(yè)運行花費的收入。

(1)takeaimat... 瞄準……，對準…… withtheaimof... 以期……，意在…… achieveone'saim 達到目的(2)aim(sth)at... (把……)瞄準…… aimtodosth/atdoingsth 力爭做到(3)beaimedat... 目的是……，旨在……

①ShewenttoLondon________findingajob. 她去倫敦是為了找工作。②Heaimed(hisgun)________thebird,butdidnotfire.他(用槍)瞄準鳥，但沒開槍。答案①withtheaimof②at【巧學助記】react

vi.(化學)反應(yīng)；起作用 [經(jīng)典例句]Theyreacttowhattheyseeandwhatyoudo.(2012·遼寧·完形填空) 它們對自己看見的和你所做的作出反應(yīng)。

(1)reactagainst 反對；反抗 reactto 對……作出反應(yīng)，起反應(yīng) reacton/upon 對……產(chǎn)生影響 reactwith 與……產(chǎn)生化學反應(yīng)(2)reactionn. 反應(yīng)；起作用

①Ironreacts________waterandairtoproducerust. 鐵與水和空氣起反應(yīng)形成鐵銹。②Hedidn'tbelieveitandevenreactedstrongly________me.他不相信，甚至強烈反對我。答案①with②against名師點睛

reaction也可與with,to,against,on進行搭配。ordinaryadj.普通的；平常的 [經(jīng)典例句]ThechildrenofthecelebritieshavelongbeentheenvyofchildrenfromordinaryfamiliesinChina.在中國，名人的孩子一直是來自普通家庭的孩子的羨慕對象。

【易混辨析】語境填詞

LastSundayDavidgotupearlierthan________becausehewasgoingtoholdabirthdayparty.Butunluckilyitsnowedhardthatday.Snowis________inwinterinhiscountry.Hewasafraidhisfriendscouldn'tcome.However,tohisjoy,mostofhisfriendsdressedupfortheparty.Onlyafewofthemwerestillintheir________clothes.Jack,oneofhisbestfriends，ranghimbecausehistemperaturewasthreedegreesabove________.上周日大衛(wèi)比平時起得早因為他要舉辦生日宴會。但是不幸地是那天雪下得很大。在他的國家冬季雪是常見的。他擔心他的朋友們來不了。然而，令他高興的是，他的大多數(shù)朋友都盛裝出席宴會。只有幾個人仍然是平日裝束。杰克，他最好的朋友之一，給他打來了電話因為他的體溫比正常高出三度。答案usual；common；ordinary；normal(2)beequippedfor準備好；對……有準備

[集訓中心]Ⅰ.完成句子1．Thereisnoneedto________(詳細闡述)theplan.2．I've____________(得出結(jié)論)he'snottherightpersonforthejob.3．Themeasure________(旨在)preventingcrime.4．HowdidWilson________(對……作出反應(yīng))youridea?5．You'dsoundalotmorepoliteifyoumakearequest________(以……的形式)aquestion.答案1.heformofⅡ.單詞拼寫1．Thate-bookisnolargerthanan________(普通的)bookwithascreenwhereyoucanreadnovels.2．Wearegettingtothe________(階段)wherewehardlyevergoouttogether.3．Hearingthenews,shefeltastrange________(混合)ofexcitementandfear.4．Trytokeepa________(平衡)betweenworkandrelaxation.5．Thewriter________(擴大)hisshortnovelintoalongone.6．Herecommendswearingsafety________(設(shè)備)whileinspectingtheconstructionsite.7．Ishoutedather,butshedidn't________(反應(yīng))atall.8．Hewas________(吃驚的)tofindthathisreadingabilityimproved.9．Switchoffthe________(電)beforeyouattemptanyrepairs.10．Thepatientmayonlymakea________(部分的)recovery.答案1.ordinary2.stage3.mixture4.balance5.expanded6.equipment7.react8.astonished9.electricity10.partial

[核心短語]add...to...把……加到…… [經(jīng)典例句]Doyouwanttoaddyournametothelist? 你想把你的名字加到名單里嗎？ addto 增加；加到 addup 加起來，總計 addupto 總計達，共達 addthat... 補充說道……

①Obamaaddedthathebelieved“wecanreachacomprehensivesolution”overIran'snuclearprogram. 奧巴馬補充說，他相信關(guān)于伊朗的核計劃“我們能達成全面的解決計劃”。②Addupallthefiguresandfindoutwhattheyaddupto.把這些數(shù)字加起來，弄清楚總計是多少。

語境填詞③Thebosssaiditwasnoteasytomanageacompany.He________thefinancialcrisis________thedifficulty.However,thedormitoryforworkersneededimprovingandtheywould________atoilet________eachroom.He________theexpensesandthetotal________morethan200,000yuan.老板說管理一個公司不容易。他補充說經(jīng)濟危機增加了困難。然而，工人們的宿舍需要改造，每個房間要增加一個廁所。他合計了一下費用，總數(shù)加起來超過二十萬元。答案

③addedthat；addedto；add；to；addedup；addedupto【巧學助記】usedto過去常常 [經(jīng)典例句]Beingapublicfiguretoday,however,isalotmoredifficultthanitusedtobe.(2013·北京·閱讀理解C) 然而，今天作為公眾人物比以前要困難的多。(1)usedto表示過去經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)(暗含現(xiàn)在不發(fā)生了)(2)含usedto句型的否定式：主語＋usednottodo/主語＋didnotusetodo 疑問式：Used＋主語＋todo...？/Did＋主語＋usetodo...?(3)be/getusedto(doing)sth習慣(做)某事 beusedtodosth被用來做……

①Heusedtostayuplate，butnowheisusedtogoingtobedearly.他以前總是熬夜到很晚，但是現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)習慣早睡了。②Heusedtodrivetowork.(改為否定句) ＝He____________drivetowork. ＝He________drivetowork.③Heusedtoliveinthecountryside.(改為一般疑問句) ＝________liveinthecountryside? ＝________liveinthecountryside?答案②usedn't/usednotto；didn'tuseto③Usedheto；Didheusetobesupposedto(表示按照義務(wù)、規(guī)則或約定等)應(yīng)該……，應(yīng)當……；被認為…… [經(jīng)典例句]IhavereachedapointinmylifewhereIamsupposedtomakedecisionsofmyown. 我已經(jīng)到了應(yīng)該自己作決定的那個人生階段。

(1)besupposedtohavedonesth 本應(yīng)該做某事(實際未做) besupposedtobe被認為是(2)suppose/supposing(that)假定/假如……(3)Isupposeso.我認為是這樣。 Isupposenot.(＝Idon'tsupposeso.) 我認為不是這樣。

①Ihaven'tseenitmyself,butit'ssupposedtobeagreatmovie. 這部電影我沒看過，不過人們普遍認為很不錯。②Youarelate.You____________fiveminutesago. 你遲到了，你5分鐘前就該到的。③____________youarewrong,whatwillyoudothen？假設(shè)你錯了，你會怎么辦？答案②aresupposedtohavearrived③Supposing(that)

[集訓中心]Ⅰ.選詞填空beproudof；usedto；besupposedto；intheareaof；addto1．AlltheChinese________thesuccessfullaunchoflunarprobeChang'e-3.2．Fireworks________theattractionofthefestivalnight,whichmadeusveryhappy.3．Hisspecialinterestlies________literature.4．You________asktheteacherifyouwanttoleavetheclassroom.5．Lifenowismuchbetterthanit________be.答案1.heareaof4.aresupposedto5.usedtoⅡ.用所給動詞的適當形式填空1．Whatareyoudoingoutofbed，Tom?You'resupposed________(be)asleep.2．Youaresupposed__________________(arrive)anhourago.3．Cottoncanbeused____________(make)paper.4．Heused________(play)gamesontheInternet,butnowheisused________(take)awalkaftersupper.5．Thepleasantweather________(add)toourpleasure.Wehadawonderfultimeduringourholiday.答案1.tobe2.tohavearrived3.tomake4.toplay；totaking5.added[核心句型]ItisimportantforustolearnEnglishwell. 對于我們來說學好英語太重要了。 句中it為形式主語，動詞不定式是真正的主語，其基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：Itbe＋adj./n.＋(for/ofsb)todosth。

①ItisdifficultforaforeignertolearnChinese. 對于一個外國人來說漢語很難學。②________toleaveyourfoodontheplateinsomecountries. 在一些國家，把你的食物剩在盤子里是不禮貌的。

名師點睛

在“Itis/was＋adj.(for/ofsb)＋todosth”結(jié)構(gòu)中，for前面的形容詞通常是difficult,necessary,important,quick,easy等，這些形容詞多與事物的特征有關(guān)。而of前面的形容詞常常是wise,kind,stupid，silly,bright,nice,good等，這些形容詞常常與人的性格特點有關(guān)。

③It'sstupid________youtolaughatamillionaire. 你竟然取笑一位百萬富翁，真是太愚蠢了。答案

②Itisbadmanners③ofThecloseryouare，themoreyou'llsee. 你越近，看到的就越多。 句中運用了“the＋比較級...,the＋比較級...”句型。用法如下：

(1)意為“越……就越……”，主、從句的兩個謂語是同時進行的，表示一方隨另一方程度的變化而變化。(2)從結(jié)構(gòu)上看，第一個“the＋比較級”是表示條件的狀語從句，在表示將來意義的情況下，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來；第二個“the＋比較級”是主句，用一般將來時。(3)本結(jié)構(gòu)中常用省略形