Unit6Unit6SectionA3GrammarFocus~4c1.rule(名詞)___________2.near(副詞)___________3.nation(形容詞)__________4.偶然；意外地___________5.發(fā)生______________6.毫無疑問；的確____________7.跌落__________Revision一、按要求寫出下列詞匯或詞組takeplacenearlyrulernationalbyaccidentwithoutdoubtfallinto1.___________________________________2.___________________________________3.___________________________________4.___________________________________5.___________________________________6.______________________________________________________________________Thespecialcupisusedfordrinkingwine.It’sbelievedthathealthisabovewealth.Wemetatthetrainstationbyaccident.I’msorrythatsuchanaccidenttookplace.Sheiswithoutdoubtveryhappynow.

Theboyfellintowaterandhadtobepulledoutatonce.Checkthehomework.Tellsomethingabouthowteawasinventedbyaccident.OnedayShenNongwasboilingdrinkingwateroveranopenfire.Someleavesfromateaplantfellintothewaterandremainedthereforsometime.Itproducedanicesmellsohetastedthebrownwater.Itwasquitedeliciousandoneoftheworld’sfavoritedrinkwasinvented.LuYu“thesaintoftea”mentionedShenNonginhisbookChaJing.Thebookdescribeshowteaplantsweregrownandusedtomaketea.Italsodiscusseswherethefinesttealeaveswereproducedandwhatkindsofwaterwereused.TellsomethingaboutLuYuandhisChaJing.ItisbelievedthatteawasbroughttoKoreaandJapanduring6thand7thcenturies.InEngland,teadidn’tappearuntilaround1660.TheteatradefromChinatoWesterncountriestookplaceinthe19thcentury.Tellsomethingabouthowteaspreadtoothercountries.根據(jù)課本內(nèi)容，完成下列句子。1.拉鏈是什么時候被發(fā)明的？ ___________thezipper________?2.它于1893年被發(fā)明。 It_______________in1893.GrammarFocuswasinventedWhenwasinvented3.它是由誰發(fā)明的？___________itinvented______?4.它是由惠特科姆?賈得森發(fā)明的。It_______________WhitcombJudson.5.茶葉什么時候被帶到朝鮮去的？___________tea_________toKorea?6.是在六到七世紀之間被帶到朝鮮。It____________toKorea________the6thand7thcenturies.wasinventedbyWhenwasbroughtwasbroughtduringWhowasby7.熱冰淇淋勺用來做什么？What___thehotice-creamscoop_________?8.它用來挖很冷的冰淇淋。It’s_______________reallycoldice-cream.usedforservingisusedfor9.貝爾于1876年發(fā)明了電話機。AlexanderGrahamBell_________thetelephonein1876.10.電話機在1876年被貝爾所發(fā)明。Thetelephone________________AlexanderGrahamBellin1876.inventedwasinventedbyGrammar

一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)中講到的“被動語態(tài)的用法”和“如何將主動語態(tài)(含“主+謂+賓”句型的句子)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)”同樣適用于一般過去時的被動語態(tài)，不同的只是這兩種時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)的“構(gòu)成”，所以這里我們重點講解一般過去時的被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成(was/were+及物動詞的過去分詞)及在各種句式中的運用。

1.肯定句：

主語+was/were+及物動詞的過去分詞+其他.e.g.Thebridgewasbuiltthreeyearsago.這座橋是三年前修建的。2.

否定句：

主語+was/werenot+及物動詞的過

去分詞+其他.e.g.

Womenwerenotallowedtotakepartinthegamesatfirst.

開始婦女不允許參加奧運會。e.g.Wasthispicturedrawnbyyoursister?這幅畫是你妹妹畫的嗎？

3.一般疑問句：

Was/Were+主語+及物動詞的過去分

詞+其他?肯定回答Yes,主語+was/were.Yes,itwas.否定回答No,主語+was/were+not.No,itwasn’t.4.特殊疑問句：疑問詞（不作主語）+was/were+主語+及物動詞的過去分詞(+by短語)+其他?e.g.Whenwasthebridgebuilt?1.有些短語動詞相當(dāng)于及物動詞，變?yōu)楸粍咏Y(jié)構(gòu)時介詞或副詞不能去掉。

e.g.Theyputoffthemeetingbecauseoftheweather.→Themeetingwasputoffbecauseoftheweather.【拓展】

2.含有雙賓語的主動句變?yōu)楸粍泳鋾r，通常

把指“人”的間接賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z，指“物”的

直接賓語保留不變；如果把指“物”的直接

賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z，則在間接賓語前加to或for。e.g.Myauntgavemeane-dictionaryyesterday.

I

wasgivenane-dictionaryyesterday.

Ane-dictionarywasgiven

tome

yesterday.3.主動句中感官動詞see/hear/watch/feel等和使役動詞make/let/have等后跟省略to的動詞不定式，變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時應(yīng)加上不定式符號to。e.g.Isawaheavymanenterthehouse.

Aheavymanwasseentoenterthehouse.4.系動詞、不及物動詞或某些短語動詞（happen,takeplace,cometrue,fallasleep…）沒有被動語態(tài)。e.g.WhathappenedtoMr.Brown?

布朗先生發(fā)生了什么事？5.含復(fù)合賓語(賓語+賓語補足語)的主動結(jié)構(gòu)變被動結(jié)構(gòu)時，通常把主動結(jié)構(gòu)中的賓語改為被動結(jié)構(gòu)中的主語，而賓語補足語保留在謂語動詞后面成為主語補足語。如：主動結(jié)構(gòu)：Ifoundhimlyingonthefloor.被動結(jié)構(gòu)：Hewasfoundlyingonthefloorbyme.I.根據(jù)各題后括號內(nèi)的要求完成下列各題，每空一詞（含縮略形式）。1.Mymothercleanedtheroomthismorning.

(改為被動語態(tài))Theroom____________bymymotherthismorning.2.Wasthemodelplanemadebyyourbrother?(補全肯定答語)_____,it_____.練一練Yeswaswascleaned3.Thebagwasstolenlastweek.

(改為否定句)Thebag_____________lastweek.4.Thecriminalwascaughtyesterday.

(對劃線部分提問)___________thecriminal________?wasn’tstolenWhenwascaughtII.將下列句子改為被動語態(tài)，每空一詞。1.Weputoffthemeeting.Themeeting_________byus.2.Mothermademeanewskirt.Anewskirt___________mebyMother.3.Theyaskedmetohelpthem.I__________________.wasmadeforwasputoff

wasaskedtohelpthem4aPracticeRewritethesentencesusingthepassivevoice.1.Theysoldthefridgeatalowprice._______________________________Thefridgewassoldatalowprice.2.Somebodystolemycamerafrommyhotelroom.__________________________________________________________________Mycamerawasstolenfrommyhotelroom.3.Wheredidyoutakethesephotos? __________________________________4.Ourparentsadvisedusnottogooutalone. ____________________________________________________________________5.Differentwriterstranslatedthebookinto differentlanguages. __________________________________ __________________________________Wherewerethesephotostaken?Wewereadvisedbyourparentsnottogooutalone.Thebookwastranslatedintodifferentlanguagesbydifferentwriters.1.You____________tothepartylastnight, weren’tyou?Whydidn’tyougo?2.Theearthquakehappenedallofasudden, butluckilythevillagers_____________to asafeplace.wereinvitedeat,like,invite,tell,lock,ring,break,bringwerebrought4bCompletethesentenceswithcorrectformsoftheverbsinthebox.3.Thedoor___________whenwearrived,sowe______thebell.4.Thestudents___________nottoeator drinkinclass,butRuby______therulewhenshestartedeatingabiscuitinscience class.5.Thecookies__________bythehungrykidsinlessthan20minutes,andtheyreally_____them.waslockedrangbrokeweretoldwereeatenlikedthedoor與lock之間為被動關(guān)系；而we與ring之間則為主動關(guān)系。Thetelephone______________(invent)byAlexanderGrahamBell.He__________(born)in1847.Mr.Bell________(work)ontheinventionofthetelephonewithThomasWatson.wasbornwasinventedworkedDecidewhetheractiveorpassiveformsshouldbeusedinthesesentence.Writethecorrectformsintheblanks.4cthetelephone與invent之間存在被動關(guān)系；Mr.Bell與work之間是主動關(guān)系。In187