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書山有路勤為徑,學(xué)海無涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-哈爾濱信息工程學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請謹(jǐn)慎購買!第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Superconductorsloseelectricalresistanceonly______subjectedtointensecold.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.through

B.when

C.as

D.by

【答案】B

【解析】考查狀語從句的省略。在表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、條件、方式或讓步等從句中,當(dāng)從句中的主語和主句的主語相同,謂語含有動(dòng)詞be時(shí),從句中的主語和謂語可以省略。從句可以還原為whensuperconductorsaresubjectedtointensecold,因此選D。句意:超導(dǎo)體只有在嚴(yán)寒下才會(huì)失去電阻。

2.單選題

Recentresearchhasclaimedthatanexcessofpositiveions(離子)intheaircanhaveanilleffectonpeople’sphysicalorpsychologicalhealth.Whatarepositiveions?Well,theairisfullofions,electricallychargedparticle,andgenerallythereisaroughbalancebetweenthepositiveandthenegativecharged.Butsometimesthisbalancebecomesdisturbedandalargeproportionofpositiveionsarefound.Thishappensnaturallybeforethunderstorms,earthquakesofwhenwindssuchasthemistral(寒冷的西北風(fēng))areblowingincertaincountries.Oritcanbecausedbyabuild-upofstaticelectricity(靜電)indoorsfromcarpetsorclothingmadeofman-madefibers,orfromTVsets,duplicatorsorcomputerdisplayscreens.

Whenalargenumberofpositiveionsarepresentintheairmanypeopleexperienceunpleasanteffectssuchasheadaches,fatigue,irritability,andsomeparticularlysensitivepeoplesuffernausea(惡心)orevenmentaldisturbance.Animalsarealsofoundtobeaffected,particularlybeforeearthquakes.Snakeshavebeenobservedtocomeoutofhibernation,ratstofleefromtheirburrows,dogshowlandcatsjumpaboutunaccountably.ThishasledtheUSGeographicalSurveytofundanetworkofvolunteerstowatchanimalsinanefforttoforeseesuchdisastersbeforetheyhitvulnerableareassuchasCalifornia.

Conversely,whenlargenumbersofnegativeionsarepresent,thenpeoplehaveafeelingofwell-being.Naturalconditionsthatproducethesearenearthesea,closetowaterfallsoffountains,orinanyplacewherewaterissprayed,orformsaspray.Thisprobablyaccountsforthebeneficialeffortofaholidaybythesea,orinthemountainswithtumblingstreamsorwaterfalls.

33.Toincreasethesupplyofnegativeionsindoors,somescientistsrecommendtheuseofionizers:smallportablemachineswhichgenerateneuativeions.Theyclaimthationizersnotonlycleanandrefreshtheairbutalsoimprovethehealthofpeopleofpeoplesensitivetoexcesspositiveions.Ofcourse,therearethedetractors,otherscientists,whodismisssuchclaimsandareskepticalaboutnegative/positiveionresearch.Thereforepeoplecanonlymakeuptheirownmindsobservingtheeffectsonthemselves,oronothers,ofanegativerichorpoorenvironment.Afterall,itisdebatablewhetherdependingonseismic(地震的)readingstoanticipateearthquakesismoreeffectivethanwatchingthecat.

1.Whateffectdoesexcessivepositiveionizationhaveonsomepeople?

2.Accordingtothepassage,staticelectricitycanbecausedby().

3.Ahighnegativeioncountislikelytobefound().

4.Whatkindofmachinecangeneratenegativeionsindoors?

5.Somescientistsbelievethat().

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Theythinktheyareinsane.

B.Theyfeelratherbad-tempered.

C.Theybecomeviolentlysick.

D.Theyaretootiredtodoanything.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.usinghome-madeelectricalgoods

B.wearingclothesmadeofnaturalmaterials

C.walkingonartificialfloorcoverings

D.copyingTVprogramsonacomputer

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.nearapondwithawaterpump

B.closetoslowflowingriver

C.insomebarrenmountains

D.byarotatingwatersprinkler

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Ionizers.

B.Air-conditioners.

C.Exhaust-fans

D.Vacuum-pump

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.watchinganimalstoanticipateearthquakesismoreeffective

B.theunusualbehaviorsofanimalscannotbetrusted

C.neitherwatchingnorusingseismographisreliable

D.earthquakescannotaffectanyanimals

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:A

【解析】1.推理判斷題。由第二段“Whenalargenumberofpositiveionsarepresentintheairmanypeopleexperienceunpleasanteffectssuchasheadaches,fatigue,irritability,andsomeparticularlysensitivepeoplesuffernausea(惡心)orevenmentaldisturbance.當(dāng)大量的正離子存在空氣中時(shí),很多人經(jīng)歷不愉快的影響,如頭痛、疲勞、易怒、一些特別敏感的人遭受惡心,甚至精神障礙??芍?dāng)空氣中存在大量正離子時(shí),人們會(huì)變得很不舒服。故C項(xiàng)正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由第一段“Thishappensnaturallybeforethunderstorms,earthquakesofwhenwindssuchasthemistralareblowingincertaincountries.Oritcanbecausedbyabuild-upofstaticelectricityindoorsfromcarpetsorclothingmadeofman-madefibers,orfromTVsets,duplicatorsorcomputerdisplayscreens.這是在雷暴之前自然發(fā)生的,雷暴是指某些國家刮西北風(fēng)時(shí)發(fā)生的地震。也有可能是由于人造纖維制成的室內(nèi)地毯或衣物、電視機(jī)、復(fù)印機(jī)或電腦顯示屏產(chǎn)生的靜電積聚造成的?!笨芍狢項(xiàng)“人造地毯上行走”正確。A項(xiàng)“家用電器”與文中提到的“電腦、電視機(jī)、復(fù)印機(jī)的顯示屏?xí)a(chǎn)生靜電”不符,并不是所有家用電器都會(huì)產(chǎn)生靜電。B項(xiàng)“naturalmaterials”與原文中的“man-madefibers”不符。D項(xiàng)“在電腦上拷貝電視節(jié)目”并沒有表明電腦在播放節(jié)目,原文提到只有顯示屏在播放節(jié)目時(shí)才會(huì)產(chǎn)生靜電,故D項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。

3.推理判斷題。由第三段“Naturalconditionsthatproducethesearenearthesea,closetowaterfallsoffountains,orinanyplacewherewaterissprayed,orformsaspray.產(chǎn)生這些的自然條件是靠近大海,靠近噴泉的瀑布,或任何水被噴灑的地方,或形成一個(gè)水沫?!笨芍a(chǎn)生負(fù)離子,必須要有水快速流動(dòng)。故只有D項(xiàng)“通過旋轉(zhuǎn)器灑水的車輛”符合。

4.推理判斷題。Toincreasethesupplyofnegativeironsindoors,somescientistsrecommendtheuseofionizers:smallportablemachineswhichgenerateneuativeions.為了增加室內(nèi)負(fù)離子的供應(yīng),一些科學(xué)家建議使用離子發(fā)生器:可以產(chǎn)生中性離子的小型便攜式機(jī)器。故A項(xiàng)“電離子器”正確。

5.推理判斷題。由第二段“ThishasledtheUSGeographicalSurveytofundanetworkofvolunteerstowatchanimalsinanefforttoforeseesuchdisastersbeforetheyhitvulnerableareassuchasCalifornia.這使得美國地理調(diào)查局(USGeographicalSurvey)資助了一個(gè)由志愿者組成的觀察動(dòng)物的網(wǎng)絡(luò),以便這些災(zāi)難襲擊加州等脆弱地區(qū)之前,就預(yù)見它們?!笨芍茖W(xué)家相信觀察動(dòng)物的表現(xiàn)可以有效地預(yù)測地震。故A項(xiàng)正確。BCD三項(xiàng)內(nèi)容與原文相反。

3.單選題

Shehashelpedthousandsofmenandwomen(

)withthingsthatbotherthemandthattheycouldnottalkaboutwithothers.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.cometothepoint

B.cometoterms

C.comeintoforce

D.comeintocontact

【答案】B

【解析】考察動(dòng)詞短語辨析。cometothepoint切入要點(diǎn);cometoterms處理;處置

;comeintoforce生效;comeintocontact取得聯(lián)系。句意:她幫助成千上萬的男女解決了那些困擾他們并且無法跟別人談起的事情,讓他們走出了困境。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

4.單選題

Jim’sscoreonthetestisthehighest;he()hard.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.shouldhavestudied

B.couldhavestudied

C.musthavestudied

D.couldstudy

【答案】C

【解析】句意:吉姆的考試分?jǐn)?shù)最高,他一定很用功。表示肯定的推測用must。

5.單選題

Thefilmwasgiventheabsent().

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.treatment

B.board

C.applause

D.comment

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)treatment“治療,療法,處理,對待”;B選項(xiàng)board“董事會(huì),木板,甲板,膳食”;C選項(xiàng)applause“歡呼,喝彩,鼓掌歡迎,掌聲”;D選項(xiàng)comment“評論,意見,批評,描述”。begiventheabsenttreatment指被冷落。句意:這部影片受到了觀眾冷落。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

6.單選題

Theabilitytorecognizefacesissoimportantinhumansthatthebrainappearstohaveanareasolelydevotedtothetask:thefusiformgyrus.

Brainimagingstudiesconsistently(1)thatthisregionofthetemporallobebecomesactivewhen

(2)

lookatfaces.Skepticshavecountered,however,thatthesestudiesshowonlya

(3)

,butnotproof,thatactivityinthisareaisessentialforface

(4)

.Now,thankstothewillingnessofanintrepid

(5)

,anewstudyprovidesthefirstcause-and-effect

(6)

thatneuronsinthisareahelphumansrecognizefaces-andonly

(7)

,nototherbodypartsorobjects.

Anunusual

(8)

betweenresearchersandanepilepsypatientledtothe

(9).RonBlackwell,anengineerinSantaClara,California,

(10)StanfordUniversityinPaloAlto,California,in2011seekingbettertreatment

(11)

hisepilepsy.Hehadsufferedseizuressincehewasateenager,andatage47,his

(12)

wasbecominglesseffective.StanfordneurologistJosefParvizi

(13)

someteststolocatethesourceoftheseizures-andalsosuggestedthatitmightbe

(14)

toeliminatetheseizuresbysurgicallydestroyingatiny

(15)

ofbraintissuewheretheyoccurred.

Parviziusedelectrodes

(16)

onBlackwell’sscalptotracetheseizurestothetemporallobe,aboutaninch

(17)

Blackwell’srightear.Then,surgeonsplacedmoreelectrodesonthe

(18)

ofBlackwell’sbrain,nearthesuspectpointoforigininthetemporal

(19).Parvizistimulatedeachelectrodeinturnwithamildcurrent,trying

(20)Blackwell’sseizuresymptomsundersafeconditions.“Ifwegetthosesymptoms,weknowthatweareticklingtheseizurenode,”heexplains.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.investigate

B.reveal

C.find

D.found

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.researchers

B.people

C.human

D.objects

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.corrosion

B.counterfeit

C.correction

D.objects

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.recognition

B.realization

C.imagination

D.description

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.counterpart

B.fellow

C.sufferer

D.partner

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.evidence

B.source

C.wit

D.facture

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.facets

B.faces

C.facial

D.facile

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.collaboration

B.deliberation

C.matching

D.gathering

問題9選項(xiàng)

A.imagination

B.conclusion

C.combination

D.discovery

問題10選項(xiàng)

A.droveto

B.heldup

C.cameto

D.madewayfor

問題11選項(xiàng)

A.for

B.forth

C.about

D.with

問題12選項(xiàng)

A.treatment

B.medication

C.perception

D.operation

問題13選項(xiàng)

A.pointed

B.managed

C.supplied

D.suggested

問題14選項(xiàng)

A.clear

B.worthy

C.possible

D.certain

問題15選項(xiàng)

A.area

B.segment

C.fragment

D.par

問題16選項(xiàng)

A.installed

B.settled

C.placed

D.distilled

問題17選項(xiàng)

A.around

B.above

C.beneath

D.across

問題18選項(xiàng)

A.surface

B.surficial

C.surfer

D.surfeit

問題19選項(xiàng)

A.scalp

B.section

C.lobe

D.leaf

問題20選項(xiàng)

A.toirrigate

B.totrigger

C.tobarrel

D.toflick

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:C

第6題:A

第7題:B

第8題:A

第9題:D

第10題:C

第11題:A

第12題:B

第13題:D

第14題:C

第15題:A

第16題:C

第17題:B

第18題:A

第19題:C

第20題:B

【解析】(1)考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。investigate調(diào)查,研究;reveal揭露,透露;find發(fā)現(xiàn)。這里指“通過腦成像研究的發(fā)現(xiàn)”,所以C項(xiàng)符合題意。答案C。

(2)考查名詞詞義辨析。此處意為:當(dāng)人們看著人臉時(shí),顳葉的這一區(qū)域會(huì)變得活躍。people這里泛指所有人,故答案為B。

(3)考查名詞詞義辨析。corrosion腐蝕;counterfeit偽造品;correction改正;objects物體。由后文的“butnotproof沒有證據(jù)”可知C項(xiàng)正確。答案C。

(4)考查名詞詞義辨析。recognition識(shí)別,承認(rèn);realization實(shí)現(xiàn),領(lǐng)悟;imagination想象力;description描述。文章開頭就指出“面孔識(shí)別能力非常重要”,故A項(xiàng)正確。答案A。

(5)考查名詞詞義辨析。intrepid勇敢的,無畏的,由于癲癇是一種病,綜合上下文,可以知道這里是選擇患者。Counterpart配對物;fellow同事;sufferer患者,受害者;partner伙伴,合伙人。答案C。

(6)考查名詞詞義辨析。evidence證據(jù);source來源;wit智慧;facture制作,發(fā)票。通過上下文語境可知,前面還沒有有力的證據(jù)可以說明兩者之間的關(guān)系,后面已經(jīng)找到這種因果證據(jù),所以,可知答案選擇A。

(7)考查形近詞辨析。facets面狀;face臉,表面;facial面部的;facile溫和的。神經(jīng)元只能區(qū)別臉部,后面nototherbody

partsorobjects.可知答案為B。

(8)考查名詞詞義辨析。collaboration合作,勾結(jié);deliberation審議,考慮;matching相配的;gathering聚集。由betweenand可知這里考查的是兩者之間的合作,答案A。

(9)考查名詞詞義辨析。imagination想象;conclusion結(jié)論;combination結(jié)合;discovery發(fā)現(xiàn)。通過上下文的語境可知答案為D。

(10)考查動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。droveto驅(qū)車前往;heldup舉起;cameto前來;madewayfor給······讓路此處句意為:布萊克威爾只身來到斯坦福大學(xué)參加治療。只有C項(xiàng)符合語義。答案C。

(11)考查介詞詞義辨析。for“為,為了;給”,符合題意,答案A。

(12)考查名詞詞義辨析。treatment“治療,療法;medication“藥物;藥物治療”,分析上下文可知這里是指藥物治療,所以后面布萊克威爾才來到斯坦福做外科手術(shù)。答案B。

(13)考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。Point指向;supply供應(yīng);manage管理;suggest表明。由alsosuggested可以推出此處答案為suggest,答案D。

(14)考查形容詞詞義辨析。Clear清晰的;worthy值得的;possible可能的;certain肯定的。帕維茨認(rèn)為是非??赡艿模@里只是他的推測,并不是很確定。故答案C。

(15)考查名詞詞義辨析。area區(qū)域,范圍;segment段,部分;fragment碎片,片斷;par標(biāo)準(zhǔn),票面價(jià)值。由上下文可知答案為A。

(16)考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。Install安裝;settle解決,安排;place放置,任命;distill提取,蒸餾。由“placedmoreelectrodeson加更多電極在···上···”可知C項(xiàng)符合題意。答案C。

(17)考查介詞詞義辨析。醫(yī)生將電極放置在布萊克威爾的右耳上一英寸的地方,B項(xiàng)符合句意。答案B。

(18)考查形近詞詞義辨析。surface表面,表層;surficial地表的;地面的;surfer沖浪運(yùn)動(dòng)員,surfeit過度;飲食過度;這里是指將電極放置在大腦的表皮層。答案A。

(19)考查名詞詞義辨析。Scalp頭皮,戰(zhàn)利品;section地區(qū);lobe(腦、肺等的)葉,耳垂;leaf葉子。temporallobe表示顳葉,故答案為C。

(20)考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。trigger引發(fā),觸發(fā);irrigate灌溉,沖洗;barrel把······裝入桶內(nèi);flick輕彈,輕輕拂去。由句意“在安全的條件下嘗試了40次去觸發(fā)布萊克威爾的癲癇癥狀。”可知答案為B。

7.單選題

The______questioninthiscaseiswhethertheaccusedhadamotiveforthiscrimeornot.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.crucial

B.forcible

C.supreme

D.valuable

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)crucial“決定性的”;B選項(xiàng)forcible“有說服力的”;C選項(xiàng)supreme“最高的;極大的,極其的”;D選項(xiàng)valuable“有價(jià)值的;重要的”。句意:這個(gè)案子的______問題是被告是否有犯罪動(dòng)機(jī)。根據(jù)語境,A選項(xiàng)crucial“決定性的”比較符合犯罪動(dòng)機(jī)在案件中的參考作用,符合題意。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

8.不定項(xiàng)選擇題

Unfortunately,aftercompletingthesecondvolume,Manchester'shealthdeclinedandtherestoftheprojectstalled.Sogreatwaspublicinterestinthelong-delayedfinalvolumethatitwasthesubjectofafrontpagestoryinTheNewYorkTimes.

Eventually,in2003,ManchesteraskedhisfriendPaulReidtocompletethetrilogy.Now,nearlyadecadelater,ReidhaspublishedTheLastLion,thefinalpieceofthismonumentalundertaking.ReidstartswhenChurchillwasappointedprimeministerinMay1940andfollowshimthroughhisdeathin1965.WhilemostofthisvolumeisappropriatelydevotedtoWorldWarII,italsoincludesthevastexpansionoftheBritishwelfarestatefollowingthewar,thestartoftheColdWarandtheenormousdangersitcarried,andthelossoftheBritishEmpire.

Reidhaswrittenathoroughandcompleteanalysisoftheseyears,anditisaworthyfinaletothefirsttwovolumes.Exhaustivelyresearchedandcarefullywritten,itdrawsonafullrangeofprimaryandsecondarymaterials.Thisbookwillbeessentialreadingforthosewhoenjoyedthefirsttwovolumesandthosewithadeepinterestinunderstandingthisseminalfigureandhisplaceinhistory.

ReiddoesawonderfuljobofcapturingChurchillinallhiscomplexity.HegivesChurchillgreatpraiseforhispersonalcourageandinspirationalleadershipduringthedarkdayswhenBritainstoodalone,butheisequallyclearaboutChurchill'spoorstrategicjudgments,suchastheeffortstodefendGreeceandCrete,theAlliedassaultonAnzio,andthedecisiontosendthebattleshipPrinceofWalesandWinstonChurchillwasoneofthecentralstatesmenofthe20thcenturyand,almost50yearsafterhisdeath,remainsasubjectofenduringfascination.Partofthecurrentinterestinthisvenerablefigurecanbeattributedtotwosuperbbiographieswritteninthe1980sbyhistorianWilliamManchester:TheLastLion:VisionsofGloryandTheLastLion:Alone.Thesetwobooksexaminedthefirsttwo-thirdsofChurchill'slife.

battlecruiserRepulsetotheSouthChinaSeawithoutadequateaircoverwheretheywerepromptlysunkbytheJapanese.

HehighlightsChurchill'snaiveteindealingwithSovietPremierStalinintheearlyyearsofthewar,butpraiseshisprescienceinanticipatingStalin'slandgrabinEasternEuropeattheendoftheconflict.Reidalsogiveswelcomeattentiontoaspectsofthewar—suchasChurchill'sfearthattheUnitedStatesmightdecidetoputitsprimaryemphasisondefeatingJapanregardlessofthe“Germanyfirst”understandinghesharedwithRooseveltthathavereceivedlittleattentioninotherbooks.

1.WhatcanbeknownaboutthetwobiographiesofChurchill?

2.WhydidthebiographyoncebecomeafrontpagestoryintheNewYorkTimes?

3.Whydoesthethirdvolumeprovetobeworthy?

4.WhatcanweknowaboutChurchillthroughthethirdvolume?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Theywerewritteninaninterestingstyle.

B.TheywerewrittenpriortoChurchill'sdeath.

C.Theyaremainlywrittenfromahistoricalpointofview.

D.Theyhavehelpedintriguethereadersoveralongperiod.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Peoplewerelookingforwardtothepublicationofthefinalvolume.

B.Readerswereangrywiththeauthorforthedelayofthefinalvolume.

C.Thepublicationofthefinalvolumewasthenaheatedlydiscussedissue.

D.Readerswantedtoknowwhowouldbethenewauthorofthefinalvolume.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Itiswidelyreadandwelcomedbyreaders.

B.ItinvolvesenoughdetailsinChurchill'slife.

C.Itisbasedonthoroughandreliableresearch.

D.ItoffersauniqueunderstandingofChurchill.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Heisamanwithcomplexity.

B.HepulledBritainthroughWWII.

C.Hemademanystrategicmistakes.

D.Heiscourageousandinspirational

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:A

【解析】第1題:1.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

1.WhatcanbeknownaboutthetwobiographiesofChurchill?1.關(guān)于這兩本丘吉爾傳記,我們知道些什么?

A.Theywerewritteninaninterestingstyle.A.它們是用一種有趣的風(fēng)格寫的。

B.TheywerewrittenpriortoChurchill’sdeath.B.這些都是丘吉爾死前寫的。

C.Theyaremainlywrittenfromahistoricalpointofview.C.它們主要是從歷史的角度寫的。

D.Theyhavehelpedintriguethereadersoveralongperiod.D.在很長一段時(shí)間里,它們激起了讀者的興趣。

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第二段的內(nèi)容:不幸的是,在完成第二卷后,曼徹斯特的健康狀況下降了,第三卷也停滯了。公眾對拖延已久的最后一卷非常感興趣,以至于它成了《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》頭版報(bào)道的主題。從中可知,在完成第二卷后,因?yàn)槁鼜厮固氐慕】禒顩r所以第三部遲遲沒有動(dòng)靜,公眾對這最后一卷很感興趣,以至于它成為了《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》頭版報(bào)道主題;綜合理解可知,這說明前兩部傳記在很長一段時(shí)間里都激起了讀者的興趣。D選項(xiàng)符合題干。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“它們是用一種有趣的風(fēng)格寫的”和C選項(xiàng)“它們主要是從歷史的角度寫的”在文中沒有提及,無中生有;

B選項(xiàng)“這些都是丘吉爾死前寫的”根據(jù)第一段可知,丘吉爾的兩部傳記寫于20世紀(jì)80年代,而在第三段提到丘吉爾是1965年去世的,所以丘吉爾傳記是在他死后寫的,該項(xiàng)反向干擾。

第2題:2.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

2.WhydidthebiographyoncebecomeafrontpagestoryintheNewYorkTimes?2.為什么這本傳記曾經(jīng)成為《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》的頭版新聞?

A.Peoplewerelookingforwardtothepublicationofthefinalvolume.A.人們期待著最后一卷的出版。

B.Readerswereangrywiththeauthorforthedelayofthefinalvolume.B.讀者對作者推遲出版最后一卷感到憤怒。

C.Thepublicationofthefinalvolumewasthenaheatedlydiscussedissue.C.最后一卷的出版是當(dāng)時(shí)熱烈討論的問題。

D.Readerswantedtoknowwhowouldbethenewauthorofthefinalvolume.D.讀者們想知道誰將成為最后一卷的新作者。

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干定位至第二段最后一句“公眾對拖延已久的最后一卷非常感興趣,以至于它成了《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》頭版報(bào)道的主題”,理解可知,這本傳記曾經(jīng)成為《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》的頭版新聞的原因是,人們對最后一卷興趣濃厚,故該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)“讀者對作者推遲出版最后一卷感到憤怒”與原文相反,反向干擾;

C選項(xiàng)“最后一卷的出版是當(dāng)時(shí)熱烈討論的問題”和D選項(xiàng)“讀者們想知道誰將成為最后一卷的新作者”沒有提及,無中生有。

第3題:3.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

3.Whydoesthethirdvolumeprovetobeworthy?3.為什么第三卷是有價(jià)值的?

A.Itiswidelyreadandwelcomedbyreaders.A.它被讀者廣泛閱讀和歡迎。

B.ItinvolvesenoughdetailsinChurchill’slife.B.它包含了丘吉爾生活的足夠多的細(xì)節(jié)。

C.Itisbasedonthoroughandreliableresearch.C.它是建立在深入可靠的研究基礎(chǔ)上的。

D.ItoffersauniqueunderstandingofChurchill.D.它提供了對丘吉爾的獨(dú)特理解。

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第四段前兩句“里德對這幾年寫了一篇透徹而完整的分析,這是前兩卷的一個(gè)有價(jià)值的結(jié)尾。經(jīng)過詳盡的研究和仔細(xì)的編寫,它借鑒了全面的一手和二手資料?!?,理解可知,因?yàn)榈谌硎橇⒆阌谌婵尚械恼{(diào)查研究之上,所以它是有價(jià)值的。C項(xiàng)符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“它被讀者廣泛閱讀和歡迎”和D選項(xiàng)“它提供了對丘吉爾的獨(dú)特理解”沒有提到,無中生有;

B選項(xiàng)“它包含了丘吉爾生活的足夠多的細(xì)節(jié)”與原文不符,第三卷的大量篇幅都是用來描述第二次世界大戰(zhàn)以及戰(zhàn)后面臨的危險(xiǎn),并沒有描述丘吉爾的生活,曲解原文。

第4題:4.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

4.WhatcanweknowaboutChurchillthroughthethirdvolume?4.通過第三卷,我們能了解丘吉爾什么?

A.Heisamanwithcomplexity.A.他是一個(gè)復(fù)雜的人。

B.HepulledBritainthroughWWII.B.他帶領(lǐng)英國度過了第二次世界大戰(zhàn)。

C.Hemademanystrategicmistake.C.他犯了許多戰(zhàn)略錯(cuò)誤。

D.Heiscourageousandinspirational.D.他是勇敢的和鼓舞人心的。

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段第一句“里德出色地描述了丘吉爾的復(fù)雜性”,以及后面對丘吉爾復(fù)雜性的說明,可推斷,通過第三卷我們可以了解到丘吉爾的復(fù)雜性。故該題選擇A項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)“他帶領(lǐng)英國度過了第二次世界大戰(zhàn)”、C選項(xiàng)“他犯了許多戰(zhàn)略錯(cuò)誤”和D選項(xiàng)“他是勇敢的和鼓舞人心的”都是包括在A選項(xiàng)內(nèi)的,以偏概全。

9.單選題

Mr.Smith(

)withthegovernmentforthirty-sevenyearsbythetimeheretires.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.willwork

B.willhaveworked

C.willbeworking

D.willhavebeenworked

【答案】B

【解析】考查語法時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)句中“by+thetime”可知,這里應(yīng)為完成時(shí),首先排除選項(xiàng)A和C;Mr.Smith和work之間構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

10.單選題

TheUNofficialsaidaidprogramswillbe_______untilthereisadequateprotectionforreliefpersonnel.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.multiplied

B.arrested

C.spanned

D.suspended

【答案】D

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。multiple“增加”;arrest“逮捕”;span“跨越”;suspend“推遲,延緩”。句意:這位聯(lián)合國官員說救援項(xiàng)目將會(huì)被推遲,直到對救援人員有足夠的保護(hù)為止。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

11.翻譯題

坦白說有壓力是我們所有人正常生活狀態(tài)里的一部分,重要的是我們不能讓壓力攪亂我們的生活,或者讓壓力超出了我們的控制范圍,即使空閑時(shí)間是奢侈的,也請擠出幾分鐘或幾小時(shí)放松自己,這是自我愛護(hù)的重要的部分,那么你就有了理由,喝杯咖啡或是撤銷今晚計(jì)劃的理由,最終你擁有了屬于你自己的空間。

【答案】Frankly,thereisstressallofusinanormalpartoflife,butthekeyismakingsureitdoesn’trunourlivesorgrowoutofcontrol.Evenwhenfreetimeisaluxury,squeezeoutafewminutesorhourstorelaxisanimportantpartofself-care.Sothereyouhaveit—anexcusetotakeacoffeebreakorcancelyourplanstonight,andfinallymakesometimeforyou.

12.單選題

Couldthebadolddaysofeconomicdeclinebeabouttoreturn?SinceOPECagreedtosupply-cutsinMarch,thepriceofcrudeoilhasjumpedtoalmost$26abarrel,upfromlessthan$10lastDecember.Thisnear-triplingofoilpricescallsupscarymemoriesofthe1973oilshock,whenpricesquadrupled,and1979-80,whentheyalsoalmosttripled.Bothpreviousshocksresultedindoubledigitinflationandglobaleconomicdecline.Sowherearetheheadlineswarningofgloomanddoomthistime?

TheoilpricewasgivenanotherpushupthisweekwhenIraqsuspendedoilexports.Strengtheningeconomicgrowth,atthesametimeaswintergripsthenorthernhemisphere,couldpushthepricehigherstillintheshortterm.Yettherearegoodreasonstoexpecttheeconomicconsequencesnowtobelessseverethaninthe1970s.Inmostcountriesthecostofcrudeoilnowaccountsforasmallershareofthepriceofpetrolthanitdidinthe1970s.InEurope,taxesaccountforuptofour-fifthsoftheretailprice,soevenquitebigchangesinthepriceofcrudehaveamoremutedeffectonpumppricesthaninthepast.

Richeconomiesarealsolessdependentonoilthantheywere,andsolesssensitivetoswingsintheoilprice.Energyconservation,ashifttootherfuelsandadeclineintheimportanceofheavy,energy-intensiveindustrieshavereducedoilconsumption.Software,consultancyandmobiletelephonesusefarlessoilthansteelorcarproduction.ForeachdollarofGDP(inconstantprices)richeconomiesnowusenearly50%lessoilthanin1973.TheOECDestimatesinitslatestEconomicOutlookthat,ifoilpricesaveraged$22abarrelforafullyear,comparedwith$13in1998,thiswouldincreasetheoilimportbillinricheconomiesbyonly0.25-0.5%ofGDP.Thatislessthanone-quarteroftheincomelossin1974or1980.

Ontheotherhand,oil-importingemergingeconomiestowhichheavyindustryhasshiftedhavebecomemoreenergyintensive,andsocouldbemoreseriouslysqueezed.

Onemorereasonnottolosesleepovertheriseinoilpricesisthat,unliketherisesinthe1970s,ithasnotoccurredagainstthebackgroundofgeneralcommodity-priceinflationandglobalexcessdemand.Asizableportionoftheworldisonlyjustemergingfromeconomicdecline.TheEconomistscommoditypriceindexisbroadlyunchangingfromayearago.In1973commoditypricesjumpedby70%,andin1979byalmost30%.

1.Themainreasonforthelatestriseofoilpriceis(

).

2.Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthattheretailpriceofpetrolwillgoupdramaticallyif

).

3.TheestimatesinEconomicOutlookshowthatinrichcountries

).

4.Wecandrawaconclusionfromthetextthat

).

5.Fromthetextwecanseethatthewriterseems(

).

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.globalinflation

B.reductioninsupply

C.fastgrowthineconomy

D.Iraq'ssuspensionofexports

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.priceofcruderises

B.commoditypricesrise

C.consumptionrises

D.oiltaxesrise

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.heavyindustrybecomesmoreenergy-intensive

B.incomelossmainlyresultsfromfluctuatingcrudeoilprices

C.manufacturingindustryhasbeenseriouslysqueezed

D.oilpricechangeshavenosignificantimpactonGDP

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.oilpriceshocksarelessshockingnow

B.inflationseemsirrelevanttooil-priceshocks

C.energyconservationcankeepdowntheoilprices

D.thepriceriseofcrudeleadstotheshrinkingofheavyindustry

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.optimistic

B.sensitive

C.gloomy

D.scared

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第一段中的SinceOPECagreedtosupply-cutsinMarch,thepriceofcrudeoilhasjumpedtoalmost$26abarrel,upfromlessthan$10lastDecember.(自從石油輸出國組織同意減少原油的供給,原油價(jià)格從去年12月的不到10美元一桶飆升至每桶近26美元)可知最近油價(jià)上漲的主要原因是石油供給的減少,因此選B。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第二段中的InEurope,taxesaccountforuptofour-fifthsoftheretailprice,soevenquitebigchangesinthepriceofcrudehaveamoremutedeffectonpumppricesthaninthepast.(在歐洲,稅收占了零售價(jià)格的五分之四,因此即使原油價(jià)格變動(dòng)很大,對零售價(jià)格的影響也會(huì)比以往小得多)可推測如果要使汽油價(jià)格大幅上漲,應(yīng)提高石油的稅收,因此選D。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第三段中的TheOECDestimatesinitslatestEconomicOutlookthat,ifoilpricesaveraged$22abarrelforafullyear,comparedwith$13in1998,thiswouldincreasetheoilimportbillinricheconomiesbyonly0.25-0.5%ofGDP.(經(jīng)合組織在其最新的《經(jīng)濟(jì)展望》中估計(jì),如果油價(jià)全年平均每桶22美元,與1998年的13美元每桶相比,只會(huì)使發(fā)達(dá)國家的石油進(jìn)口支出增加國民生產(chǎn)總值的0.25%至0.5%)可知石油價(jià)格上漲對發(fā)達(dá)國家的國民生產(chǎn)總值影響很小,因此選D,注意題干中問的是在《經(jīng)濟(jì)展望》中的觀點(diǎn),雖然A、B、C選項(xiàng)在文中出現(xiàn)過,但并不是《經(jīng)濟(jì)展望》中提出的觀點(diǎn)。

4.主旨大意題。文章前面兩段主要介紹了此次石油上漲的原因,后面三段主要介紹了為什么此次油價(jià)上漲造成的后果沒有像前兩次那樣嚴(yán)重:第一,原油占汽油價(jià)格的比重減少;第二,石油價(jià)格上漲對發(fā)達(dá)國家影響不大;第三,此次油價(jià)上漲不是在全球通貨膨脹和產(chǎn)能過剩的情況下產(chǎn)生的。因此A選項(xiàng)“油價(jià)沖擊現(xiàn)在不那么令人震驚了”符合題意。

5.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。由文章最后一段中的Onemorereasonnottolosesleepovertheriseinoilprices(另一個(gè)不因油價(jià)上漲而失眠的理由)以及上一題的分析,可知作者的態(tài)度是積極、樂觀的,因此選A。

13.單選題

Howmanyreallysufferasaresultoflabormarketproblems?Thisisoneofthemostcriticalyetcontentioussocialpolicyquestions.Inmanyways,oursocialstatisticsexaggeratethedegreeofhardship.Unemploymentdoesnothavethesamedireconsequencestodayasitdidinthe1930swhenmostoftheunemployedwereprimarybreadwinners,whenincomeandearningswereusuallymuchclosertothemarginofsubsistence,andwhentherewerenocountervailingsocialprogramsforthosefailinginthelabormarket.Increasingaffluence,theriseoffamilieswithmorethanonewageearner,thegrowingpredominanceofsecondaryearnersamongtheunemployed,andimprovedsocialwelfareprotectionhaveunquestionablymitigatedtheconsequencesofjoblessness.Earningsandincomedataalsooverstatethedimensionsofhardship.Amongthemillionswithhourlyearningsatorbelowtheminimumwagelevel,theoverwhelmingmajorityarefrommultiple-earner,relativelyaffluentfamilies.Mostofthosecountedbythepovertystatisticsareelderlyorhandicappedorhavefamilyresponsibilitieswhichkeepthemoutofthelaborforce,sothepovertystatisticsarebynomeansanaccurateindicatoroflabormarketpathologies.

Yettherearealsomanywaysoursocialstatisticsunderestimatethedegreeoflabor-market-relatedhardship.Theunemploymentcountsexcludethemillionsoffullyemployedworkerswhosewagesaresolowthattheirfamiliesremaininpoverty.Lowwagesandrepeatedorprolongedunemploymentfrequentlyinteracttounderminethecapacityforself-support.Sincethenumberexperiencingjoblessnessatsometimeduringtheyearisseveraltimesthenumberunemployedinanymonth,thosewhosufferasaresultofforcedidlenesscanequalorexceedaverageannualunemployment,eventhoughonlyaminorityofthejoblessinanymonthreallysuffer.Foreverypersoncountedinthemonthlyunemploymenttallies,thereisanotherworkingpart-timebecauseoftheinabilitytofindfull-timework,orelseoutsidethelaborforcebutwantingajob.Finally,incometransfersinourcountryhavealwaysfocusedontheelderly,disabled,anddependent,neglectingtheneedsoftheworkingpoor,sothatthedramaticexpansionofcashandin-kindtransfersdoesnotnecessarilymeanthatthosefailinginthelabormarketareadequatelyprotected.

Asaresultofsuchcontradictoryevidence,itisuncertainwhetherthosesufferingseriouslyasaresultoflabormarketproblemsnumberinthehundredsofthousandsorthetensofmillions,and,hence,whetherhighlevelsofjoblessnesscanbetoleratedormustbecounteredbyjobcreationandeconomicstimulus.Thereisonlyoneareaofagreementinthisdebate—thattheexistingpoverty,employment,andearningsstatisticsareinadequateforoneoftheirprimaryapplications,measuringtheconsequencesoflabormarketproblems.

1.Whichofthefollowingistheprincipaltopicofthepassage?

2.Theauthoruses“l(fā)abormarketproblems”inlines1torefertowhichofthefollowing?

3.Theauthorcontraststhe1930swiththepresentinordertoshowthat().

4.Whichofthefollowingproposalsbestrespondstotheissuesraisedbytheauthor?

5.Theauthor’spurposein

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