AnIntroductiontotheVerb1.ClassificationoftheVerbTransitiveV.SingleV.IntransitiveV.NotionalV.LinkingV.PhrasalV.V.PrimaryAux.AuxiliaryV.ModalAux.Semi-Aux.1.1NotionalV.&AuxiliaryV.

JohnistalkingtoMary.JohntalkedtoMary.NotionalV.:

Themainverbofactionorstateinasentenceorclause.AuxiliaryV.:

Averbthatmodifiesthevoice,tense,ormoodofanotherverb.1.2SingleV.&PhrasalV.

Hecaughtafish.ThefirstWorldWarbrokeoutin1914.SingleV.:one-wordverb;PhrasalV.:Averbthatconsistsoftwoormorewords.**PhrasalVerb.≠VerbPhrasePhrasalVerbsofdifferentformation

Hebroughtuphischildrenstrictly.

(v.+adv.)Iranacrossherinthelibrarythismorning.(vi.+prep.)

Schoolboysusuallylookuptogreatathletes.

(v.+adv.+prep.)

Yourexplanationdoesn'tholdwater.(v.+n.)

Getridofallthatrubbish.

(v.+n.+prep.)

Keepinmindthesefacts.

(v.+prep.+n.)Ex.10B,C(forself-study)1.3Transit.V.;Intransit.V.;LinkingV.1.3.1TransitiveVerba.single-objectVt.Hecaughtafish.b.double-objectVt.Fatherboughtmeacamera.Iplex-objectVt.Weelectedhim

chairmanofthecommittee.O.C.Ifoundthenovel

veryinteresting.O.C.1.3.2IntransitiveVerba.Alltheleaveshavefallen.Thesunrose.b.Theplandependsontheweather.I’mlisteningtofolksongs.c.Helivedahappylife.(cognateobj.)Hediedaheroicdeath.Thegirllaughedamerrylaugh.Hesighedadeepsigh.與漢語的比較有時英語動詞的及物和不及物的用法，與漢語的用法不一樣，請注意下列兩種情況：a)有的動詞在英語里只能用作不及物動詞，而漢語則可用作及物動詞，如arrive到達，agree同意，1isten聽。英語里這些動詞后面常接介詞。如：Wearrivedattherailwaystationatnoon.我們于中午到達火車站。(at不能省去)(比較：Wereachedtherailwaystationatnoon.)Everybodylistenedtothelecturewithgreatinterest.每個人都很有興趣地聽講課。(to不可省去)(比較：Weallheardthelecture.)Dotheyagreetotheplan?他們同意這個計劃嗎?(to不可省去)1.3.3Verbsofbi-identity(vt.&vi.)eg.Thebellrings.Thewaiterringsthebell.TheygrowcoffeeinBrazil.CoffeegrowsinBrazil.Theybeathimunconscious.Herheartwasbeatingviolently.1.4AuxiliaryVerb1.4.1PrimaryAux.(do,be,have)a.beItwasseenthattheplanwasuseless.I’mgladtohearhe’sgettingalongallright.IamtovisitMr.Greentomorrow.

be:toformprogressiveaspect,passivevoice,andcomplexpredicate1.4.2ModalAuxiliariesshall,will,should,wouldcan,could,may,might,must1.4.3Semi-Auxiliaries

need,dare(semi-modalverb);beableto,begoingto,belikelyto…h(huán)adbetter,wouldrather…h(huán)avegotto,haveto,betoeg.Ihavetobuyanewcar.Idon’thavetobuyanewcar.2.RegularVerbs&IrregularVerbsA.Regularverbs

intend,intended,intendedstudy,studied,studiedstop,stopped,stoppedB.Irregularverbs

hurt,hurt,hurtbend,bent,bentarise,arose,arisencome,came,come3.StativeV.&DynamicV.A.StativeV.a.be&haveb.verbssimilarto“beorhave”belong(to),exist,matter,lack,own,contain,involve,cost,measure,deserve,…c.verbsaboutsenseperceptionfeel,hear,see,smell,taste,sound…d.verbsaboutpsychological/emotionalstatesassume,believe,envy,hope,forget,imagine,know,like,notice,prefer,remember,thinkB.dynamicV.a.verbsaboutcontinuousactions

drink,read,play,talk,work,fly…b.verbsaboutinstantaneousactions

jump,knock,open,close,die…c.verbsaboutthechangeofstateorposition

come,go,arrive,reach,leave,sail,start,get,become,grow,turn,…c.Totellavoiceeg.Allthechildrenloveher.Sheislovedbyallthechildren.

d.Toembodyamoodeg.Sheisverybusy.(IndicativeM.)

Readaloud.(ImperativeM.)Ifshewerehere,howhappywewouldbe.(SubjunctiveM.)B.Non-finiteformsofverbsa.TheInfinitiveeg.Ihopetoseeyouthisevening.Everyoneintheclasscouldseethat.b.TheG