住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語(yǔ)-福建師范大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實(shí)際調(diào)整大?。╊}型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題

Forcenturies,explorershaveriskedtheirlivesventuringintotheunknownforreasonsthatweretovaryingdegreeseconomicandnationalistic.ColumbuswentwesttolookforbettertraderoutestotheOrientandtopromotethegreaterglowofSpain.LewisandClarkjourneyedintotheAmericanwildernesstofindoutwhattheU.S.hadacquiredwhenitpurchasedLouisiana,andtheApolloastronautsrocketedtothemooninadramaticshowoftechnologicalmuscleduringthecoldwar.

Althoughtheirmissionsblendedcommercialandpolitical-militaryimperatives,theexplorersinvolvedallaccomplishedsomesignificantsciencesimplybygoingwherenoscientistshadgonebefore.

TodayMarsloomsashumanity'snextgreatterraincognita.Andwithdoubtfulprospectsforashorttermfinancialreturn,withthecoldwararapidlyfadingmemoryandamidagrowingemphasisoninternationalcooperationinlargespaceventures,itisclearthatimperativesotherthanprofitsornationalismwillhavetocompelhumanbeingstoleavetheirtracksontheplanet'sreddishsurface.Coulditbethatscience,whichhaslongplayedaminorroleinexploration,isatlastdestinedtotakealeadingrole?Thequestionnaturallyinvitesacoupleofothers.ArethereexperimentsthatonlyhumanscoulddoonMars?Couldthoseexperimentsprovideinsightsprofoundenoughtojustifytheexpenseofsendingpeopleacrossinterplanetaryspace?

WithMarsthescientificstakesarearguablyhigherthantheyhaveeverbeen.Theissueofwhetherlifeeverexistedontheplanet,andwhetheritpersiststothisday,hasbeenhighlightedbymountingevidencethattheRedPlanetoncehadabundantstable,liquidwaterandbythecontinuingcontroversyoversuggestionsthatbacterialfossilsrodetoEarthonameteoritefromMars.AmoreconclusiveansweraboutlifeonMars,pastorpresent,wouldgiveresearchersinvaluabledataabouttherangeofconditionsunderwhichaplanetcangeneratethecomplexchemistrythatleadstolife.IfitcouldbeestablishedthatlifearoseindependentlyonMarsandEarth,thefindingwouldprovidethefirstconcretecluesinoneofthedeepestmysteriesinallofscience:theprevalenceoflifeintheuniverse.

1.Accordingtothepassage,thechiefpurposeofexplorersingoingtounknownplacesinthepastwas（

）.

2.Atpresent,aprobableinducementforcountriestoinitiatelarge-scalespaceventuresis

（

）.

3.WhatisthemaingoalofsendinghumanmissionstoMars?

4.Bysaying"WithMarsthescientificstakesarearguablyhigherthantheyhaveeverbeen"(Line1,Para.4),theauthormeansthat

（

）.

5.ThepassagetellsusthatproofoflifeonMarswould（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.todisplaytheircountry'smilitarymight

B.toaccomplishsomesignificantscience

C.tofindnewareasforcolonization

D.topursuecommercialandstateinterests

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.internationalcooperation

B.nationalisticreasons

C.scientificresearch

D.long-termprofits

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Tofindoutiflifeeverexistedthere.

B.Toseeifhumanscouldsurvivethere.

C.Toprovethefeasibilityoflarge-scalespaceventures.

D.Toshowtheleadingroleofscienceinspaceexploration.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.withMarstherisksinvolvedaremuchgreaterthananypreviousspaceventures

B.inthecaseofMars,therewardsofscientificexplorationcanbeveryhigh

C.inthecaseofMars,muchmoreresearchfundsareneededthaneverbefore

D.withMars,scientistsargue,thefundamentalinterestsofscienceareatissue

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.makeclearthecomplexchemistryinthedevelopmentoflife

B.confirmthesuggestionthatbacterialfossilstraveledtoEarthonameteor

C.revealthekindofconditionsunderwhichlifeoriginates

D.provideanexplanationwhylifeiscommonintheuniverse

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第一段中的Forcenturies,explorershaveriskedtheirlivesventuringintotheunknownforreasonsthatweretovaryingdegreeseconomicandnationalistic.（幾個(gè)世紀(jì)以來(lái)，探險(xiǎn)家們冒著生命危險(xiǎn)去探索那些不為人知的地方，或多或少是由于經(jīng)濟(jì)的或國(guó)家利益的原因）可知D選項(xiàng)“追求商業(yè)和國(guó)家利益”符合題意。

2.推理判斷題。由文章第三段中的Andwithdoubtfulprospectsforashorttermfinancialreturn,withthecoldwararapidlyfadingmemoryandamidagrowingemphasisoninternationalcooperationinlargespaceventures,itisclearthatimperativesotherthanprofitsornationalismwillhavetocompelhumanbeingstoleavetheirtracksontheplanet'sreddishsurface.（由于短期財(cái)政回報(bào)的前景令人懷疑，冷戰(zhàn)記憶的迅速消失，以及人們對(duì)大型太空探險(xiǎn)國(guó)際合作的日益重視，很顯然，現(xiàn)實(shí)需求已壓倒經(jīng)濟(jì)利益和民族主要訴求，促使人類離開(kāi)通向這座表面呈紅色的星球的軌道）可排除B、D選項(xiàng)，A選項(xiàng)“國(guó)際合作”是進(jìn)行太空探險(xiǎn)的方式，故排除，因此選C。

3.推理判斷題。由文章最后一段中的Theissueofwhetherlifeeverexistedontheplanet,andwhetheritpersiststothisday,hasbeenhighlightedbymountingevidencethattheRedPlanetoncehadabundantstable,liquidwaterandbythecontinuingcontroversyoversuggestionsthatbacterialfossilsrodetoEarthonameteoritefromMars.（越來(lái)越多的證據(jù)顯示，這顆紅色星球曾經(jīng)有過(guò)大量穩(wěn)定的液態(tài)水，關(guān)于掉落到地球的火星隕石上有細(xì)菌化石的說(shuō)法一直存在爭(zhēng)議，這些都突出了一個(gè)問(wèn)題——火星上是否存在生命，以及這些生命到現(xiàn)在是否還一直生存在火星上）可知A選項(xiàng)“看那里是否存在生命”符合題意。

4.推理判斷題。由文章最后一段中的IfitcouldbeestablishedthatlifearoseindependentlyonMarsandEarth,thefindingwouldprovidethefirstconcretecluesinoneofthedeepestmysteriesinallofscience（如果可以確定生命是在火星和地球上獨(dú)立產(chǎn)生的，這一發(fā)現(xiàn)將為所有科學(xué)中最深?yuàn)W的奧秘之一提供第一條具體線索）可推測(cè)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)越大，回報(bào)越高，因此選B。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章最后一段中的AmoreconclusiveansweraboutlifeonMars,pastorpresent,wouldgiveresearchersinvaluabledataabouttherangeofconditionsunderwhichaplanetcangeneratethecomplexchemistrythatleadstolife.（一個(gè)關(guān)于火星上生命的更確切的答案，無(wú)論是過(guò)去的還是現(xiàn)在的，都會(huì)給研究人員提供寶貴的數(shù)據(jù)，了解到行星在何種條件下都可以產(chǎn)生導(dǎo)致生命的復(fù)雜化學(xué)物質(zhì)）可知C選項(xiàng)“揭示生命起源的類型”符合題意。

2.單選題

Mary'smotherhadto（

）herdressbecauseMaryisgrowingsotall.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.letoff

B.letgo

C.letout

D.letloose

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。letoff意為“讓……下車，引爆”；letgo意為“放開(kāi)，釋放，發(fā)射”；letout意為“泄露，放大，出租”；letloose意為“釋放，放出，放任”。

句意：瑪麗的母親不得不把瑪麗的衣服改大，因?yàn)楝旣愰L(zhǎng)得很高。

3.單選題

Idon'tthinkJohnsonwillsucceedinhisnewjob,forheisnot（

）tothattypeofwork.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.compatible

B.convenient

C.consistent

D.competent

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。compatible意為“兼容的，相容的”；convenient意為“方便的”；consistent意為“與……一致的，相符的”；competent意為“有能力的，能勝任的”。

句意：我認(rèn)為Johnson在他的新工作上不會(huì)成功的，因?yàn)樗荒軇偃文欠N類型的工作。

4.單選題

Theworkeragreedto（

）thestrikeifthecompanywouldsatisfytheirdemands.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.callfor

B.callforth

C.calloff

D.callup

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞組辨析。callfor意為“接（人），呼吁，需要”；callforth意為“喚起，引起”；calloff意為“取消”；callup意為“打電話，召集”。

句意：如果公司能滿足他們的要求，工人們就同意取消罷工。

5.單選題

Ijustmanagedto（

）aquickbreathbeforeIwassuckedunderthewaterbythepassingboat.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.snatch

B.scratch

C.scrape

D.scan

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。snatch意為“奪去，搶走，抓緊時(shí)間做，趁機(jī)獲得”；scratch意為“撓，，劃破，抓破”；scrape意為“刮掉，削去，擦壞”；scan意為“細(xì)看，瀏覽，掃描”。

句意：在我被那艘過(guò)往的船吸到水里之前，我設(shè)法趕緊快速地吸了口氣。

6.單選題

Asawisemanoncesaid,weareallultimatelyalone.ButanincreasingnumberofEuropeansarechoosingtobesoatanevenearlierage.Thisisn’tthestuffofgloomyphilosophicalcontemplations,butafactofEurope’sneweconomiclandscape,embracedbysociologists,real-estatedevelopersandadexecutivesalike.Theshiftawayfromfamilylifetosololifestyle,observesaFrenchsociologist,ispartofthe“irresistiblemomentumofindividualism”overthelastcentury.Thecommunicationsrevolutiontheshiftfromabusinesscultureofstabilitytooneofmobilityandthemassentryofwomenintotheworkforcehavegreatlywreakedhavocon（擾亂）European’sprivatelives.

Europe’sneweconomicclimatehaslargelyfosteredthetrendtowardindependence.Thecurrentgenerationofhome-alonerscameofageduringEurope’sshiftfromsocialdemocracytothesharper,moreindividualisticclimateofAmerican-stylecapitalism.Raisedinaneraofprivatizationandincreasedconsumerchoice,today’stech-savvy（精通技術(shù)的）workershaveembracedafreemarketinloveaswellaseconomics.ModernEuropeansarerichenoughtoaffordtolivealone,andtemperamentallyindependentenoughtowanttodoso.

Onceuponatime,peoplewholivedalonetendedtobethoseoneithersideofmarriage—twentysomethingprofessionalsorwidowedseniorcitizens.Whilepensioners,particularlyelderlywomen,makeupalargeproportionofthoselivingalone,thenewestcropofsinglesarehighearnersintheir30sand40swhoincreasinglyviewlivingaloneasalifestylechoice.Livingalonewasconceivedtobenegativedarkandcold,whilebeingtogethersuggestedwarmthandlight.Butthencamealongtheideaofsingles.Theywereyoung,beautifulandstrong!Now,youngpeoplewanttolivealone.

Theboomingeconomymeanspeopleareworkingharderthanever.Andthatdoesn’tleavemuchroomforrelationships.PimpiArroyo,a35-year-oldcomposerwholivesaloneinahouseinParis,sayshehasn’tgottimetogetlonelybecausehehastoomuchwork.“Ihavedeadlineswhichwouldmakelifewithsomeoneelsefairlydifficult.”O(jiān)nlyanidealwomanwouldmakehimchangehislifestyle,hesays.Kaufrnann,authorofarecentbookcalled“TheSingleWomanandPrinceCharming,”thinksthisfiercenewindividualismmeansthatpeopleexpectmoreandmoreofmates,sorelationshipsdon’tlastlongiftheystartatall.EppendorfablondBerlinerwithadeeptan,teachesgradeschoolinthemornings.Intheafternoonshesunbathesorsleeps,restingupforgoingdancing.Justshyof50,shesaysshe’dneverhavewantedtodowhathermotherdidgiveupacareertoraiseafamily.Instead,“I’vealwaysdonewhatIwantedtodo:liveaself-determinedlife.”

1.MoreandmoreyoungEuropeansremainsinglebecause（

）.

2.WhatissaidaboutEuropeansocietyinthepassage?

3.AccordingtoParagraph3,thenewestgroupofsinglesare

（

）.

4.TheauthorquotesEppendorftoshowthat

（

）.

5.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthepassage?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.theyaredrivenbyanoverwhelmingsenseofindividualism

B.theyhaveenteredtheworkforceatamuchearlierage

C.theyhaveembracedabusinesscultureofstability

D.theyarepessimisticabouttheireconomicfuture

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Ithasfosteredthetrendtowardssmallfamilies.

B.ItisgettingclosertoAmericanstylecapitalism.

C.Ithaslimitedconsumerchoicedespiteafreemarket.

D.Itisbeingthreatenedbyirresistibleprivatization.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.warmandlightheated

B.oneithersideofmarriage

C.negativeandgloomy

D.healthyandwealthy

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.somemodernwomenpreferalifeofindividualfreedom

B.thefamilyisnolongerthebasicunitofsocietyinpresent-dayEurope

C.someprofessionalpeoplehavetoomuchworktodotofeellonely

D.mostEuropeansconceivelivingasinglelifeasunacceptable

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Toreviewtheimpactofwomenbecominghighearners.

B.Tocontemplatethephilosophyunderlyingindividualism.

C.Toexaminethetrendofyoungpeoplelivingalone.

D.Tostresstherebuildingofpersonalrelationships.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第一段中的Theshiftawayfromfamilylifetosololifestyle,observesaFrenchsociologist,ispartofthe"irresistiblemomentumofindividualism"overthelastcentury.（一位法國(guó)社會(huì)學(xué)家認(rèn)為，從家庭生活到獨(dú)處生活方式的轉(zhuǎn)變，是上個(gè)世紀(jì)“不可抗拒的個(gè)人主義勢(shì)頭”的一部分）可知A選項(xiàng)“他們受到強(qiáng)烈的個(gè)人主義的驅(qū)使”符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第二段中的Thecurrentgenerationofhome-alonerscameofageduringEurope'sshiftfromsocialdemocracytothesharper,moreindividualisticclimateofAmerican-stylecapitalism.（在歐洲從社會(huì)民主向更尖銳、更個(gè)人主義的美國(guó)式資本主義轉(zhuǎn)變的過(guò)程中，當(dāng)代的獨(dú)居者逐漸成熟）可知B選項(xiàng)“歐洲社會(huì)越來(lái)越接近美國(guó)式的資本主義”符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第三段中的thenewestcropofsinglesarehighearnersintheir30sand40swhoincreasinglyviewlivingaloneasalifestylechoice....Theywereyoung,beautifulandstrong!（最新一批單身人士是三四十歲的高收入者，他們?cè)絹?lái)越認(rèn)為獨(dú)居是一種生活方式的選擇……他們年輕，漂亮，強(qiáng)壯?。┛芍狣選項(xiàng)“健康和富有”符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章最后一段中I'vealwaysdonewhatIwantedtodo:liveaself-determinedlife.（我總是做我想做的事：過(guò)一種自主的生活）可知A選項(xiàng)“一些現(xiàn)代女性更喜歡個(gè)人自由的生活”符合題意。

5.主旨大意題。文章第一段講述了越來(lái)越多的歐洲人選擇在年輕時(shí)保持單身；第二段講述了歐洲經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展促進(jìn)了獨(dú)立趨勢(shì)，使人們具有獨(dú)立生活的能力；第三段講述了越來(lái)越多的高收入者選擇獨(dú)居生活；第四段舉例人們選擇單身的原因與個(gè)人事業(yè)發(fā)展有關(guān)。本文一直都是圍繞單身這個(gè)主題來(lái)展開(kāi)闡述，已經(jīng)成為一種趨勢(shì)，因此C選項(xiàng)“研究年輕人獨(dú)居的趨勢(shì)”符合題意。

7.單選題

About50yearsagotheideaofdisabledpeopledoingsportswasneverheardof.ButwhentheannualgamesforthedisabledwerestartedatStrokeMandeville,Englandin1948bySirLudwigGuttmann,thesituationbegantochange.SirLudwigGuttmann,whohadbeendriventoEnglandin1939fromNaziGermany,hadbeenaskedbytheBritishgovernmenttosetupaninjuriescenteratStrokeMandevilleHospitalnearLondon.Hisideasabouttreatinginjuriesincludedsportsforthedisabled.

Inthefirstgamesjusttwoteamsofinjuredsoldierstookpart.Thenextyear,1949,fiveteamstookpart.Fromthosebeginningsthingsdevelopedfast.TeamsnowcomefromabroadtoStrokeMandevilleeveryyear.In1960thefirstOlympicsfortheDisabledwereheldinRome.Now,everyfouryears,theOlympicGamesfortheDisabledareheld,ifpossible,inthesameplaceasthenormalOlympicGames,althoughtheyareorganizedseparately.InotheryearsGamesfortheDisabledarestillheldatStrokeMandeville.Inthe1984wheelchairOlympicGames,1604wheelchairathletesfromabout40countriestookpart.Unfortunately,theywereheldatStrokeMandevilleandnotinLosAngles,alongwiththeotherOlympics.

TheGameshavebeenagreatsuccessinpromotinginternationalfriendshipandunderstanding,andinprovingthatbeingdisableddoesnotmeanyoucan'tenjoysports.Onesmallsourceofdisappointmentforthosewhoorganizeandtakepartinthegames,however,hasbeentheunwillingnessoftheInternationalOlympicCommitteetoincludethedisabledeventsattheOlympicGamesfortheable-bodied.Perhapsafewmoreyearsarestillneededtoconvincethosefortunateenoughnottobedisabledthattheirdisabledfellowathletesshouldnotbeexcluded.

1.Thefirstgamesforthedisabledwereheld（

）afterSirLudwigGuttmannarrivedinEngland.

2.BesidesStrokeMandeville,surelythegameforthedisabledwasonceheldin（

）.

3.InParagraph2theword"athlete"means

（

）.

4.WhichofthefollowingstatementisNOTtrue?

5.Fromthepassagewemayconcludethatwriteris（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.50years

B.21years

C.9years

D.4years

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.NewYork

B.London

C.Rome

D.LosAngeles

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.peoplewhosupportthegame

B.Peoplewhowatchthegame

C.peoplewhoorganizedthegame

D.peoplewhocompeteinthegame

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.SirLudwigGuttmannisanearlyorganizerofthegamesforthedisabled.

B.SirLudwigGuttmannisaninjuredsoldier.

C.SirLudwigGuttmannisfromGermany.

D.SirLudwigGuttmanniswelcomedbytheBritish.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.oneoftheorganizersofthegamesforthedisabled

B.adisabledwhooncetookpartinthegames

C.againstholdingthegamesforthedisabled

D.inthefavorofholdingthegameforthedisabled

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第一段中的ButwhentheannualgamesforthedisabledwerestartedatStrokeMandeville,Englandin1948bySirLudwigGuttmann,thesituationbegantochange.SirLudwigGuttmann,whohadbeendriventoEnglandin1939fromNaziGermany可知第一次舉辦殘疾人運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)是在1948年，SirLudwigGuttmann是在1939年從納粹德國(guó)被驅(qū)趕到英國(guó)，因此選C。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第二段中的In1960thefirstOlympicsfortheDisabledwereheldinRome.（1960年，第一屆殘疾人奧運(yùn)會(huì)在羅馬舉行）可知選C。

3.詞義題。由文章第二段中的Inthe1984wheelchairOlympicGames,1604wheelchairathletesfromabout40countriestookpart.（在1984年輪椅奧運(yùn)會(huì)上，來(lái)自大約40個(gè)國(guó)家的1604名輪椅……參加了比賽）可知“athlete”是指參加比賽的人，A選項(xiàng)“支持者”，B選項(xiàng)“觀看者”，C選項(xiàng)“組織者”，D選項(xiàng)“競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者”，因此選D。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第一段中的SirLudwigGuttmann,whohadbeendriventoEnglandin1939fromNaziGermany,hadbeenaskedbytheBritishgovernmenttosetupaninjuriescenteratStrokeMandevilleHospitalnearLondon.Hisideasabouttreatinginjuriesincludedsportsforthedisabled.（1939年從納粹德國(guó)被驅(qū)趕到英國(guó)的SirLudwigGuttmann，被英國(guó)政府要求在倫敦附近的MandevilleHospital設(shè)立一個(gè)受傷中心。他對(duì)治療受傷的想法包括殘疾人運(yùn)動(dòng)）可知A、C、D選項(xiàng)正確，B選項(xiàng)“SirLudwigGuttmann是一名受傷的士兵”并沒(méi)有在文中提及，因此選B。

5.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。由文章最后一段中的TheGameshavebeenagreatsuccessinpromotinginternationalfriendshipandunderstanding,andinprovingthatbeingdisableddoesnotmeanyoucan'tenjoysports...Perhapsafewmoreyearsarestillneededtoconvincethosefortunateenoughnottobedisabledthattheirdisabledfellowathletesshouldnotbeexcluded.（奧運(yùn)會(huì)在增進(jìn)國(guó)際友誼和理解方面取得了巨大的成功，也證明了殘疾并不意味著你不能享受體育運(yùn)動(dòng)……也許還需要再過(guò)幾年，才能說(shuō)服那些幸運(yùn)到?jīng)]有殘疾的人，他們的殘疾運(yùn)動(dòng)員不應(yīng)該被排除在奧運(yùn)會(huì)外）可知作者是支持殘疾人運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)的，因此D選項(xiàng)“支持為殘疾人舉辦比賽”符合題意。

8.單選題

Youmay（

）earlyasyouhavetocatchanearlytraintomorrow.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.remain

B.reverse

C.retreat

D.retire

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。remain意為“保留”；reverse意為“顛倒，翻轉(zhuǎn)”；retreat意為“撤退，離開(kāi)”；retire意為“退休”。

句意：你可能要早點(diǎn)離開(kāi)了，因?yàn)槟忝髟邕€要去趕火車。

9.單選題

Comewhat（

）,we'renotgoingtomakeanyconcessionstohisunreasonabledemands.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.must

B.should

C.can

D.may

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。comewhatmay意為“無(wú)論如何，不管怎樣，無(wú)論發(fā)生什么事”。

句意：無(wú)論如何，我們不會(huì)對(duì)他的不合理要求作出任何讓步。

10.問(wèn)答題

Despite(A)hislowopinionof(B)professors—orperhapsin(C)anefforttoimprovethebreed—Smithhimselfeventuallybecameit(D).

【答案】試題答案：D;one

【解析】考查代詞用法。it用以指特定的物，即上下文提到的、同名稱的、同樣事物的那個(gè)名詞，而不是同類事物的其他東西。one表示泛指，指同名稱中的另一事物。此處表示Smith自己最后也成為了一名教授，不是指代前文的professors，因此用one。

11.單選題

Iamafraidthatyouhavetoalteryour（

）viewsinlightofthetragicnewsthathasjustarrived.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.distressing

B.optimistic

C.indifferent

D.pessimistic

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。distressing意為“使人痛苦的，令人苦惱的”；optimistic意為“樂(lè)觀的，樂(lè)觀主義的”；indifferent意為“漠不關(guān)心的”；pessimistic意為“悲觀的，厭世的”。

句意：鑒于剛剛傳來(lái)的悲慘消息，我恐怕你要你改變你樂(lè)觀的想法了。

12.單選題

Yourlatestprojecthaslittle（

）ofsuccess.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.prediction

B.prophecy

C.prospect

D.preview

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。prediction意為“預(yù)測(cè)，預(yù)報(bào)”；prophecy意為“語(yǔ)言”；prospect意為“可能性，希望，前景”；preview意為“試映，預(yù)演”。

句意：你最近的項(xiàng)目幾乎沒(méi)有成功的希望。

13.單選題

Themanagingdirectortookthe（

）fortheaccident,althoughitwasnotreallyhisfault.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.guilt

B.charge

C.blame

D.accusation

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。guilt意為“有罪，犯罪行為”；charge意為“收費(fèi)，指控”；blame意為“(壞事或錯(cuò)事的)責(zé)任，責(zé)備”，taketheblamefor意為“承擔(dān)……的責(zé)任”；accusation意為“指責(zé)，譴責(zé)”。

句意：總經(jīng)理承擔(dān)了事故的責(zé)任，盡管并不真的是他的錯(cuò)。

14.單選題

Thevastmajorityofpeopleinanygivenculturewill（

）totheestablishedstandardsofthatculture.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.conform

B.confirm

C.confine

D.confront

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。conform意為“遵守，遵從，服從”；confirm意為“確認(rèn)，批準(zhǔn)”；confine意為“限制”；confront意為“面對(duì)”。

句意：在任何一個(gè)文化環(huán)境中的絕大多數(shù)人都會(huì)遵守那種文化的既定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。

15.單選題

Theyfearitcouldhavea(an)（

）effectonglobalfinancialmarkets.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.sizeable

B.adverse

C.beneficial

D.consequential

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。sizeable意為“相當(dāng)大的”；adverse意為“不利的，有害的”；beneficial意為“有利的，有益的”；consequential意為“隨之而來(lái)的，重要的”。根據(jù)主句中的fear（害怕）可知此處應(yīng)為具有負(fù)面含義的詞，選B。

句意：他們害怕它會(huì)對(duì)全球金融市場(chǎng)產(chǎn)生不利的影響。

16.單選題

TomLandryisoneofthemostsuccessfulfootballcoachesinNationalFootballLeaguehistoryandhewasknownforhis（

）mannerandfiercecompetitiveness.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.unruffled

B.brutal

C.suspicious

D.tender

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。Unruffled意為“平靜的，鎮(zhèn)定的，沉著的”；brutal意為“野蠻的”；suspicious意為“可疑的，不信任的”；tender意為“和善的，溫柔的”。

句意：湯姆?蘭德里是國(guó)際足球聯(lián)盟歷史上最成功的足球教練之一，他以沉著冷靜和激烈競(jìng)爭(zhēng)而聞名。

17.單選題

Theserviceoperates36librariesthroughoutthecountry,whilesix（

）librariesspeciallyservethecountryside.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.drifting

B.mobile

C.shifting

D.rotating

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞分析。drifting意為“漂流的，飄動(dòng)的”；mobile意為“可移動(dòng)的，流動(dòng)的”；shifting意為“轉(zhuǎn)換的”；rotating意為“旋轉(zhuǎn)的”。

句意：該服務(wù)機(jī)構(gòu)在全國(guó)范圍內(nèi)經(jīng)營(yíng)著36家圖書(shū)館，其中6家流動(dòng)圖書(shū)館專門為農(nóng)村服務(wù)。

18.單選題

Whenyoupackthepears,pleasebecarefulsothattheywon’tget（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.bruised

B.blushed

C.injured

D.mature

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。bruise意為“撞傷，擦傷”；blush意為“臉紅，羞愧”；injure意為“(尤指在事故中)傷害，損害”；mature意為“成熟”。

句意：當(dāng)你打包梨子時(shí)，請(qǐng)小心點(diǎn)，不要把梨子摩擦壞了。

19.問(wèn)答題

Hearguesthathewouldnotwant(A)hischildrenhavetosuffer(B)hardshipornotbe(C)sociallyacceptablebecauseoflackofmoney(D).

【答案】試題答案：B;tohavetosuffer

【解析】考查固定句型。wantsb.todosth.為固定搭配，意為“想要某人做某事”。

20.單選題

Amillionmotoristsleavetheircarsfilledupwithpetrolandwiththekeysintheignitioneveryday.Thevehiclesaresittinginpetrolstationswhiledriverspayfortheirfuel.TheAutomobileAssociation(AA)hasdiscoveredthatcarsareleftunattendedforanaveragethreeminutes—andsometimesconsiderablylonger—asdriversbuydrinks,sweets,cigarettesandotherconsumeritems—andthenpayatthecashtill.Withpaymentbythecreditcardmoreandmorecommon,itisnotunusualforadrivertobeoutofhiscarforaslongassixminutes,providingthecarthiefwithagoldenopportunity.

InanexclusiveAAsurvey,carriedoutatabusygarageonamainroadoutofLondon,300motoristswerequestionedoverthreedaysoftheholidayperiod.Twenty-fourpercentadmittedthatthey“always”or“sometimes”leavethekeysintheircar.Thismeansthatnationwide,amillioncarsdailybecomeeasytargetsfortheopportunistthief.

Formorethantenyearstherehasbeenabiggerriseincarcrimethaninmostothertypesofcrime.Anaverageofmorethantwocarsaminutearebrokeninto,vandalizedorstolenintheUK.Carcrimeaccountsforalmostathirdofallreportedoffenceswithnosignsthatthetrendisslowingdown.

Althoughtherearehighlyprofessionalcriminalsinvolvedincartheft,almost90percentofcarcrimeiscommittedbytheopportunist.Amateurthievesareaidedbyourowncarelessness.WhenAAengineerssurveyedontowncentercarparklastyear,tenpercentofthecarscheckedwereunlocked,afigurebackedbyaHomeOfficenationalsurveythatfound12percentofdriverssometimeslefttheircarsunlocked.TheAArecommendslockingupwheneveryouleavethecarandforhowevershortaperiod.Apartiallyopensun-rooforwindowisafurthercome-ontothieves.

Therearemanyothertrapstoavoid.TheHomeOfficehasfoundlittleawarenessamongdrivesaboutsafeparking.Mostmotoristsquestionedmadenoeffortstoavoidparkinginquietspotsawayfromstreetlights—justtheplacesthieves’love.TheAAadvisesdriverstoparkinplaceswithpeoplearound—thievesdon’tlikeaudiences.Leavingvaluablesinviewisaninvitationtothecriminals.AManchesterProbationaryServiceresearchproject,whichinterviewedalmost100carthieveslastyear,foundmanywouldinvestigateacoatthrownonaseat.Neverleaveanydocumentsshowingyourhomeaddressinthecar.Ifyouhaveagarage,useitandlockit—agaragecarisatsubstantiallylessrisk.

1.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?

2.Whereinthepassagedoestheauthormentionleavingvaluablesinviewisaninvitationtothecriminals?

3.ThecartheftisduetoallofthefollowingEXCEPT（

）.

4.Inordertopreventcartheft,peoplearerecommendedto

（

）.

5.Themainpurposeofthispassageisto（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Theuseofcreditcardsmayincreasetheriskofcartheft.

B.Itisadvisedthatthedriverstakecarkeyswiththem.

C.Mostcarsarestolenbyprofessionalthieves.

D.TheAAadvisesthatmotoristsleavetheircarslocked.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Thefirstparagraph.

B.Thesecondparagraph.

C.Thethirdparagraph.

D.Thelastparagraph.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.people'scarelessness

B.unawarenessofsafeparking

C.coatleftonthecarseat

D.poorqualityofacarlock

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.parkcarsinquietplaces

B.useagarageandlockit

C.leaveasparecarkeyathome

D.becomeamemberofAA

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.analyzetheriseofthecartheftinBritain

B.reportthesurveyresultsbyAA

C.suggestthewaystoinvestigatecartheft

D.comparecarcrimewithothertypesofcrime

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第四段中的Althoughtherearehighlyprofessionalcriminalsinvolvedincartheft,almost90percentofcarcrimeiscommittedbytheopportunist.（雖然有高度職業(yè)犯罪涉及汽車盜竊，幾乎90%的汽車犯罪是由機(jī)會(huì)主義者干的）可知只有少數(shù)汽車是被職業(yè)竊賊偷走的，因此C選項(xiàng)“大多數(shù)汽車是被職業(yè)竊賊偷走的”說(shuō)法不正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章最后一段中的Leavingvaluablesinviewisaninvitationtothecriminals（把貴重物品放在顯眼的地方是對(duì)罪犯的一種誘惑）可知選D。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第四段中的Amateurthievesareaidedbyourowncarelessness（我們自己的粗心大意給那些業(yè)余小偷助了一臂之力）可知與A選項(xiàng)“人的粗心”相符；由第五段中的TheHomeOfficehasfoundlittleawarenessamongdrivesaboutsafeparking（內(nèi)政部發(fā)現(xiàn)，駕車者對(duì)安全停車的意識(shí)很低）可知與B“未意識(shí)到安全停車”相符；由第五段中的whichinterviewedalmost100carthieveslastyear,foundmanywouldinvestigateacoatthrownonaseat.（這個(gè)研究項(xiàng)目去年采訪了近100名偷車賊，發(fā)現(xiàn)許多偷車賊會(huì)翻看一件扔在座位上的外套）可知與C選項(xiàng)“留在汽車座椅上的外套”相符，故排除A、B、C選項(xiàng)，因此選D，汽車鎖的質(zhì)量問(wèn)題并沒(méi)有在文中提及。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章最后一段中的Ifyouhaveagarage,useitandlockit—agaragecarisatsubstantiallylessrisk.（如果你有一個(gè)車庫(kù)，使用它并鎖上它——停在車庫(kù)里風(fēng)險(xiǎn)要小得多）可知B選項(xiàng)“用車庫(kù)把它鎖上”符合題意。

5.主旨大意題。通讀全文，可知本文主要分析了英國(guó)汽車盜竊案上升的原因：駕駛員的粗心大意；安全停車意識(shí)低；將值錢物品放到顯眼處；外套扔在車座上等等，因此選A。

21.單選題

Themanager,（

）alettertohissecretary.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.pledged

B.conveyed

C.surveyed

D.dictated

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。pledge意為“保證，誓言”；convey意為“傳達(dá)，傳遞”；survey意為“調(diào)查”；dictate意為“口述”。

句意：經(jīng)理向秘書(shū)口授一封信。

22.單選題

Therearesomedangersyoucannotescapefrom.Itiswisetoignorethosethatare（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.regardless

B.elementary

C.inevitable

D.essential

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。regardless意為“不管，不顧”；elementary意為“基礎(chǔ)的，初級(jí)的”；inevitable意為“不可避免的”；essential意為“必不可少的，本質(zhì)的”。

句意：有些危險(xiǎn)是你無(wú)法逃避的。忽視那些不可避免的危險(xiǎn)是明智的。

23.單選題

Ithoughttheboatonlyheldsix.Howdidyou（

）sevenseats?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.reserve

B.deserve

C.preserve

D.reverse

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。reserve意為“預(yù)定，預(yù)約，保留”；deserve意為“應(yīng)得，應(yīng)受”；preserve意為“保護(hù)，保存”；reverse意為“使反轉(zhuǎn)，顛覆”。

句意：我以為這船上只能載六個(gè)人。你怎么預(yù)定了七個(gè)位置呢？

24.單選題

Hewassomeanthathecouldn’tbearto（

）thesmallestsumofmoneyforthecharityappeal.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.partwith

B.givein

C.payoff

D.letout

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。partwith意為“放棄，失去，割舍”；givein意為“屈服”；payoff意為“付清”；letout意為“出租，放出，發(fā)出”。

句意：他如此吝嗇以至于不能忍受為慈善割舍一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)錢。

25.單選題

Davidlikescountrylifeandhasdecidedto（

）farming.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.goinfor

B.gothroughwith

C.gobackon

D.goalongwith

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。goinfor意為“從事，喜歡”；gothroughwith意為“完成，把……進(jìn)行到底”；gobackon意為“違背，背棄”；goalongwith意為“贊同，接受，服從”。

句意：大衛(wèi)喜歡鄉(xiāng)村生活，并決定從事耕作。

26.單選題

Oncethevice-chancellorofauniversityis（

）,hebeginshistermofoffice.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.launched

B.commenced

C.inaugurated

D.initiated

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。launch意為“發(fā)射”；commence意為“開(kāi)始，著手”；inaugurate意為“為（某人）舉行就職典禮，啟動(dòng)，開(kāi)創(chuàng)”；initiate意為“開(kāi)始，發(fā)起”。

句意：大學(xué)副校長(zhǎng)就職典禮一旦舉行，他就開(kāi)始了任期。

27.單選題

Theseniorlibrarianatthecirculationdeskpromisedtogetthebookforme（

）shecouldrememberwholastborrowedit.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.eversince

B.muchas

C.eventhough

D.ifonly

【答案】D

【解析】考查詞組辨析。eversince意為“自從”；muchas意為“盡管，雖然”；eventhough意為“即使，縱然”；ifonly意為“只要”。

句意：那個(gè)在借記臺(tái)的年長(zhǎng)的圖書(shū)管理員答應(yīng)我，只要她記得誰(shuí)最后借了這本書(shū)，就會(huì)把書(shū)給我。

28.單選題

Heknowslittleofmathematics,and（

）ofchemistry.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.evenmore

B.stillless

C.noless

D.stillmore

【答案】B

【解析】考查比較級(jí)。even,still修飾表示級(jí)，意為“更……”，little的比較級(jí)為less，因此選B。

句意：他數(shù)學(xué)懂得很少，化學(xué)懂得更少了。

29.問(wèn)答題

Everypaperandmagazinewere(A)lyingwait(B)with(C)exhaustivestoriesabouttheroyalsplit(D)betweentheprinceandprincessofWales.

【答案】試題答案：B;inwait

【解析】考查謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句中已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞were，因此用inwait（伺機(jī)）。

30.單選題

Ilearntthattherearenogenuinely,（

）animalsinthisarea,alltheanimalswerebroughtherefromotherplaces.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.endangered

B.domesticated

C.indigenous

D.extinct

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。endangered意為“快要絕種的”；domesticated意為“馴化了的”；indigenous意為“本地的，土生土長(zhǎng)的”；extinct意為“滅絕的”。由后面的alltheanimalswerebr