住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語(yǔ)-燕山大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實(shí)際調(diào)整大?。╊}型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題

His______haschangedbuthehaskeptthefinequalitiesofascientificresearcher.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.state

B.status

C.station

D.statue

【答案】B

【解析】【試題解析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。A選項(xiàng)state“情形，狀態(tài)”；B選項(xiàng)status“社會(huì)地位；（進(jìn)展的）狀況，情形”；C選項(xiàng)station“（舊時(shí)）（正式）社會(huì)地位；站，所”；D選項(xiàng)statue“雕像”。句意：他的______改變了，但仍保持著科研人員的優(yōu)良品質(zhì)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，這里指他的外在的社會(huì)地位變了，但內(nèi)在品質(zhì)沒(méi)有改變，加上這是非常生活化的一句話，可知B選項(xiàng)status“社會(huì)地位”符合題意。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

2.單選題

Ifyouplaywithelectricity,youmaygetanelectric______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.strike

B.beat

C.shock

D.knock

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)strike“擊，打，踢；打擊”；B選項(xiàng)beat“有規(guī)律的敲擊（聲）；（音樂(lè)、詩(shī)歌等的）節(jié)拍”；C選項(xiàng)shock“電擊”，electricshock；D選項(xiàng)knock“敲，擊；（常為無(wú)意地）碰，撞”。句意：如果你玩弄電，就可能會(huì)______。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，這里指被電打到，C選項(xiàng)shock“電擊”符合題意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

3.單選題

Thechancellor______thefactthathewasthecentreofcriticismandstucktohisreforms.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.discharged

B.disregarded

C.disguised

D.disposed

【答案】B

【解析】【試題解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)discharged“履行（職責(zé)或義務(wù)）；批準(zhǔn)離開(kāi)”；B選項(xiàng)disregarded“不理會(huì)”；C選項(xiàng)disguised“偽裝；掩飾”；D選項(xiàng)disposed“處理；扔掉”。句意：這位財(cái)政大臣______自己成為批評(píng)的焦點(diǎn)這一事實(shí)，堅(jiān)持改革。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，這里指不論別人怎么批評(píng)，財(cái)政大臣始終堅(jiān)持改革，B選項(xiàng)disregarded“不理會(huì)”符合題意。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

4.單選題

Anothercommontypeofreasoningisthesearchforcausesandresults.Wewanttoknowwhethercigarettesreallydocauselungcancer.Whatcausesmalnutrition,thedecayofcities,orthedecayofteeth?Weareequallyinterestedineffects:whatistheeffectofleadintheatmosphere,ofstayinguplateonthenightbeforeanexamination.

Causalreasoningmaygofromcausetoeffectorfromeffecttocause.Eitherway,wereasonfromwhatweknowtowhatwewanttofindout.Sometimeswereasonfromaneffecttoacauseandthenontoanothereffect.Thus,ifwereasonthatbecausethelightshavegoneout,therefrigeratorwon’twork,wefirstrelatetheeffect(lightsout)tothecause(poweroff)andthenrelatethatcausetoanothereffect(refrigeratornotworking).Thiskindofreasoningiscalled,inshort,effecttoeffect.Itisquitecommontoreasonthroughanextensivechainofcausalrelations.Whenthelightsgooutwemightreasoninthefollowingcausalchain:lightsout—poweroff—refrigeratornotworking—temperaturewillrise—milkwillsour.Inotherwords,wediagnoseasuccessionofeffectsfromthepowerfailure,eachbecomingthecauseofthenext.

Causesareclassifiedasnecessary,sufficient,orcontributory.Anecessarycauseisonewhichmustbepresentfortheeffecttooccur,ascombustion(燃燒)isnecessarytodriveagasolineengine.Asufficientcauseisonethatcanproduceaneffectunaided(asanemptygastankisenoughtokeepacarfromstarting),thoughtheremaybemorethanonesufficientcause.Acontributorycauseisonewhichhelpstoproduceaneffectbutcannotdosobyitself,asrunningthrougharedlightmayhelpcauseanaccident,thoughotherfactorsmustalsobepresent.

1.Whattheauthordiscussedintheprevioussectionismostprobablyabout________.

2.Accordingtothepassage,todothe“effecttoeffect”reasoningistoreason________.

3.Anecessarycauseis________.

4.Yourrefrigeratorisnotworkingandyouhavefoundthattheelectricpowerhasbeencutoff.Thepowerfailureisa________.

5.Thispassagemainlydiscusses________.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.someothercommontypesofreasoning

B.somespecialtypeofreasoning

C.relationshipsbetweencausesandresults

D.classificationofreasoning

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.fromeffecttoeffectandontocause

B.fromeffecttocauseandontoanothereffect

C.fromcausetoeffect

D.fromeffecttocause

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.onethatisenoughtomaketheeffectoccur

B.oneofthecausethatcanproducetheeffect

C.onewithoutwhichitisimpossiblefortheeffecttooccur

D.noneofthem

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.contributorycause

B.sufficientcause

C.necessarycause

D.noneofthem

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.classificationofcauses

B.thecausalprocess

C.causalreasoning

D.varioustypesofreasoning

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】1.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第一句Anothercommontypeofreasoningisthesearchforcausesandresults.（另一種常見(jiàn)的推理方式是尋找原因和結(jié)果。），可知前面的內(nèi)容和這一部分的內(nèi)容屬于同一個(gè)層面和分類(lèi)，都是常見(jiàn)的推理方式，A選項(xiàng)“一些其他的常見(jiàn)推理類(lèi)型”正確。B選項(xiàng)“某種特殊類(lèi)型的推理”，C選項(xiàng)“原因和結(jié)果的關(guān)系”和D選項(xiàng)“推理的分類(lèi)”不符合題意。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

2.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段第三句Sometimeswereasonfromaneffecttoacauseandthenontoanothereffect.（有時(shí)我們從一個(gè)結(jié)果推理到一個(gè)原因，然后再推理到另一個(gè)結(jié)果。）和第五句Thiskindofreasoningiscalled,inshort,effecttoeffect.（這種推理，簡(jiǎn)而言之，叫做效果對(duì)效果。），可知效果對(duì)效果指的是B選項(xiàng)“從結(jié)果到原因，再到另一個(gè)結(jié)果”。A選項(xiàng)“從結(jié)果到結(jié)果，再到原因”，C選項(xiàng)“從原因到結(jié)果”和D選項(xiàng)“從結(jié)果到原因”錯(cuò)誤。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

3.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三段第二句Anecessarycauseisonewhichmustbepresentfortheeffecttooccur,ascombustionisnecessarytodriveagasolineengine.（必要原因是為將要導(dǎo)致的結(jié)果而存在，就像燃燒對(duì)于啟動(dòng)汽油發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)很必要。），可知C選項(xiàng)“沒(méi)有它就不可能產(chǎn)生解結(jié)果”正確。A選項(xiàng)“足以產(chǎn)生結(jié)果”，B選項(xiàng)“能導(dǎo)致結(jié)果的原因之一”和D選項(xiàng)“都不是”不符合題意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

4.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二句Asufficientcauseisonethatcanproduceaneffectunaided(asanemptygastankisenoughtokeepacarfromstarting),thoughtheremaybemorethanonesufficientcause.（充分原因是一個(gè)可以在沒(méi)有幫助的情況下產(chǎn)生效果的原因，就像一個(gè)空的油箱足以阻止汽車(chē)發(fā)動(dòng)一樣，盡管可能有不止一個(gè)充分的原因。），可知充分原因會(huì)導(dǎo)致結(jié)果的發(fā)生，但不是唯一的原因，電源被切斷會(huì)導(dǎo)致冰箱停止運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，但其他原因也會(huì)讓冰箱停止運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，B選項(xiàng)“充分原因”正確。A選項(xiàng)“附帶原因，原因之一”：根據(jù)文章最后一句Acontributorycauseisonewhichhelpstoproduceaneffectbutcannotdosobyitself,asrunningthrougharedlightmayhelpcauseanaccident,thoughotherfactorsmustalsobepresent.（附帶原因有助于導(dǎo)致結(jié)果，但單獨(dú)出現(xiàn)不能導(dǎo)致結(jié)果，就像闖紅燈可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致事故，盡管其他因素也必須存在。），可知附帶原因是原因之一，需要其他因素才能導(dǎo)致結(jié)果的發(fā)生，電源被切斷這一個(gè)因素會(huì)導(dǎo)致冰箱停止運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)的結(jié)果，故錯(cuò)誤。C選項(xiàng)“必要原因”：根據(jù)第三段第二句Anecessarycauseisonewhichmustbepresentfortheeffecttooccur,ascombustionisnecessarytodriveagasolineengine.（必要原因是為將要導(dǎo)致的結(jié)果而存在，就像燃燒對(duì)于啟動(dòng)汽油發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)很必要。），可知必要原因是一定需要的因素，電源沒(méi)有被切斷冰箱依然有可能停止運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，故錯(cuò)誤。D選項(xiàng)“都不是”：B選項(xiàng)符合題意，故非正確答案。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

5.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段第一句Anothercommontypeofreasoningisthesearchforcausesandresults.（另一種常見(jiàn)的推理方式是尋找原因和結(jié)果。），隨后文章圍繞這一句話展開(kāi)討論，所以本文主要在講因果的推理，C選項(xiàng)“因果推理”正確。A選項(xiàng)“原因的分類(lèi)”，B選項(xiàng)“因果過(guò)程”和D選項(xiàng)“各種類(lèi)型的推理”不符合題意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

5.單選題

Youngpeoplearenot______tostandandlookatworksofart;theywantarttheycanparticipatein.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.conservative

B.content

C.confident

D.generous

【答案】B

【解析】【試題解析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。A選項(xiàng)conservative“保守的”；B選項(xiàng)content“滿(mǎn)意的”；C選項(xiàng)confident“自信的”；D選項(xiàng)generous“慷慨的”。句意：年輕人不______站在那里觀看藝術(shù)作品；他們想要的是可以參與的藝術(shù)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，這里指的是不想止步于觀看藝術(shù)作品，而是想要參與其中，B選項(xiàng)content“滿(mǎn)意的”符合題意。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

6.翻譯題

(1)ThedevelopingcountriesofCentralandSouthAmerica,Africa,andAsiaoncemerelyexportedrawmaterialsandcashcropsinreturnformanufacturedgoods.Peopleinthesecountriesprovidedformostoftheirownneedsthroughsubsistenceagricultureandsmall-scalecrafts.Intime,though,peopleinthesecountriesgrewincreasinglydependentontheglobaleconomy,becauselocalcraftscouldnotcompetewiththecheap,factory-madeexportsofthedevelopedcountries,suchasEuropeannations,theUnitedStates,andJapan.Todecreasetheirdependence,manydevelopingcountriessoughttostrengthentheireconomiesbybuildingfactories,moderndams,androadsduringthe1960and1970s.Governmentfrequentlymadepoorfinancialchoices.However,infrastructureprojectssuchasdamsandhighwayswereoftentoomassiveforlocalneeds.Choicesaboutindustryweresometimesnotbasedonthebestinterestsofthecountry,andprotectionfromcompetitionfrequentlyresultedininferiorgoods.(2)Asresult,productscouldnotcompeteontheglobalmarketwiththehigher-qualitygoodsfromtheindustrializedcountries.Manydevelopingcountriesthenhadlittleincometopayoffdebtsincurred(招致)duringtheirexpansion.

Afewdevelopingeconomiessucceededinbuildingprosperitythroughindustrializationduringthe20thcentury.ThemostnotableofthesewereSouthKorea,Singapore,andHongKongS.A.R.LikeJapanduringthe19thcentury,theyestablishedtariffsandotherbarrierstoprotectlocalproductsfromforeigncompetitionandinvestedlocalwealthinindustrialdevelopment.(3)AlsolikeJapan,theyfocusedonsellingtheproductstheymanufacturedtoforeignconsumersinordertobringwealthintothecountry.Bytheendofthe20thcenturysomeexpertsconsideredtheseeconomiestobedeveloped,ratherthandeveloping,althoughmanyofSouthKorea’seconomicsuccesseswerereversedinthefinancialcrisisof1997.(4)Followingasimilarpath,Chinaadvancedeconomicallythrougharapidexpansionofmanufacturedexportsduringthelate20thcentury.

Meanwhile,multinationalsbasedintheeconomicallydevelopedworldsetuplow-wagemanufacturingfacilitiesinsomedevelopingcountries,particularlyinSoutheastAsiaandinCentralandSouthAmerica.Thesefactoriestypicallygeneratedfewlong-termbenefitsforthelocaleconomy.Theprofitsflowedoutsidethecountrytotheshareholdersoftheforeignmultinationals.Also,thedevelopingcountrieswereforcedtoparticipateina“racetothebottom”toattractmultinationalinvestment.(5)Ifadevelopingcountryoritspeoplesoughthigherwagesorenforcedlabororenvironmentalprotections,multinationalsoftensimplyrelocatedproductiontoacountrywithlowercost.

【答案】1.中南美洲、非洲和亞洲的發(fā)展中國(guó)家曾經(jīng)僅僅依靠出口原材料和經(jīng)濟(jì)作物換取制成品。

2.因此，產(chǎn)品無(wú)法在全球市場(chǎng)上與工業(yè)化國(guó)家的高質(zhì)量產(chǎn)品競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。

3.也像日本一樣，他們專(zhuān)注于向外國(guó)消費(fèi)者銷(xiāo)售他們制造的產(chǎn)品，來(lái)為國(guó)家?guī)?lái)財(cái)富。

4.20世紀(jì)末，中國(guó)通過(guò)制造業(yè)出口的快速擴(kuò)張，實(shí)現(xiàn)了經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展。

5.如果一個(gè)發(fā)展中國(guó)家或其人民要求更高的工資、實(shí)施勞動(dòng)保護(hù)或環(huán)境保護(hù)，跨國(guó)公司通常只需要將生產(chǎn)轉(zhuǎn)移到成本更低的國(guó)家。

7.單選題

Rockmusicusually______theyoungpeopleinmostcountries.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.appliesto

B.appealsto

C.amazes

D.actress

【答案】B

【解析】【試題解析】考查詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)appliesto“適用于；向……提出申請(qǐng)”；B選項(xiàng)appealsto“呼吁；要求；對(duì)……有吸引力”；C選項(xiàng)amazes“使吃驚”；D選項(xiàng)actress“女演員”。句意：搖滾樂(lè)通常______大多數(shù)國(guó)家的年輕人。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，這里B選項(xiàng)appealsto“對(duì)……有吸引力”搭配youngpeople比較合理，意思指年輕人喜歡搖滾樂(lè)。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

8.單選題

Assoonas1completemytraininghere,Iamgoingtobea______expert.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.rod

B.volume

C.sphere

D.missile

【答案】D

【解析】【試題解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)rod“長(zhǎng)桿；長(zhǎng)棒”；B選項(xiàng)volume“體積；合訂本”；C選項(xiàng)sphere“（活動(dòng)、興趣的）領(lǐng)域；球體”；D選項(xiàng)missile“導(dǎo)彈；（作為武器的）投擲物”。句意：一旦我完成在這里的訓(xùn)練，我將成為一名______專(zhuān)家。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，這里指的是成為某一個(gè)特定領(lǐng)域的專(zhuān)家，D選項(xiàng)missile“導(dǎo)彈；（作為武器的）投擲物”符合題意，意思是導(dǎo)彈專(zhuān)家。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

9.單選題

Itwasawonderfulplaywitha______ofoverfiftyactorsandactresses.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.list

B.group

C.bunch

D.herd

【答案】B

【解析】【試題解析】考查固定搭配。A選項(xiàng)alistof“一系列”；B選項(xiàng)agroupof“一群（人）”；C選項(xiàng)abunchof“一束；一堆”；D選項(xiàng)aherdof“一群（牛、鹿等）”。句意：這是一出精彩的話劇，由______超過(guò)五十名男女演員參演。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，這里指的是一群人參演了話劇，B選項(xiàng)agroupof“一群（人）”符合題意。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

10.單選題

ItwascourageousenoughforGalileoto______thefallingobjecttheorydevelopedbyAristotle,theauthoritativeGreekscientist.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.advance

B.defy

C.justify

D.translate

【答案】B

【解析】【試題解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)advance“（常指為攻擊而）前進(jìn)；（尤指知識(shí)）發(fā)展”；B選項(xiàng)defy“違抗；向……挑戰(zhàn)”；C選項(xiàng)justify“證明……有理”；D選項(xiàng)translate“翻譯；轉(zhuǎn)化”。句意：伽利略有足夠的勇氣______由權(quán)威的希臘科學(xué)家亞里斯多德提出的落體理論。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，這里指伽利略為了科學(xué)的發(fā)展而質(zhì)疑落體理論，B選項(xiàng)defy“違抗；向……挑戰(zhàn)”符合題意。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

11.單選題

Inordertoshowhisbosswhatacarefulworkerhewas,hetook______troubleoverthefigures.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.extra

B.supreme

C.extensive

D.spare

【答案】A

【解析】【試題解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)extra“額外的，附加的”；B選項(xiàng)supreme“極其的”；C選項(xiàng)extensive“廣闊的，廣大的”；D選項(xiàng)spare“備用的；閑置的”。句意：為了讓他的老板知道他是一個(gè)細(xì)心的員工，他在數(shù)字上花了______心思。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，這里指的是特別花心思讓老板知道他的細(xì)心，A選項(xiàng)extra“額外的，附加的”符合題意。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

12.單選題

Calculationswhichareastronomicallyexacthavebeenmade______withtheuseofcomputers.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.possible

B.itpossible

C.possibly

D.tobepossible

【答案】A

【解析】【試題解析】考查句子成分。句意：計(jì)算機(jī)的使用使天文學(xué)上精確的計(jì)算成為可能。句子主干是Calculationshavebeenmade______，根據(jù)短語(yǔ)makesth.+adj.還原短語(yǔ)為madecalculations+adj.，確定橫線處填形容詞作calculations的賓補(bǔ)，A選項(xiàng)possible符合題意。B選項(xiàng)itpossible中it多余，C選項(xiàng)possibly是副詞，D選項(xiàng)tobepossible是不定式。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

13.單選題

Ididn’tknowwheretosendthis______letter.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.registered

B.maid

C.mail

D.male

【答案】A

【解析】【試題解析】考查詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)registered“（信或包裹）掛號(hào)的”；B選項(xiàng)maid“女仆”；C選項(xiàng)mail“郵件，信件”；D選項(xiàng)male“男性的”。句意：我不知道該把這封______信寄到哪里。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，這里指的是寄信，橫線處修飾letter，A選項(xiàng)registered“（信或包裹）掛號(hào)的”符合題意。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

14.單選題

Severalrecentstudieshavefoundthatbeingrandomly(隨機(jī)地)assignedtoaroommateofanotherracecanleadtoincreasedtolerancebutalsotoagreaterlikelihood(可能性)ofconflict.

Recentreportsfoundthatlodgingwithastudentofadifferentracemaydecreaseprejudiceandcompelstudentstoengageinmoreethnicallydiversefriendships.

AnOhioStateUniversitystudyalsofoundthatblackstudentslivingwithawhiteroommatesawhigheracademicsuccessthroughouttheircollegecareers.Researchersbelievethismaybecausedbysocialpressure.

InaNewYorkTimesarticle,SamBoakye—theonlyblackstudentonhisfreshmanyearfloor—saidthat“ifyou’resurroundedbywhites,youhavesomethingtoprove.”

Researchersalsoobservedproblemsresultingfrompairinginterracialstudentsinresidences.Accordingtotworecentstudies,randomlyassignedroommatesofdifferentracesaremorelikelytoexperienceconflictssostrainedthatoneroommatewillmoveout.

AnIndianaUniversitystudyfoundthatinterracialroommateswerethreetimesaslikelyastwowhiteroommatestonolongerlivetogetherbytheendofthesemester.

GraceKao,aprofessoratPennsaidshewasnotsurprisedbythefindings.“Thismaybethefirsttimethatsomeofthesestudentshaveinteracted,andlived,withsomeoneofadifferentrace,”shesaid.

AtPenn,studentsarenotaskedtoindicateracewhenapplyingtorhousing.

“Oneofthegreatthingsaboutfreshmanhousingisthat,withsomeexceptions,theprocessthrowsyoutogetherrandomly,”saidUndergraduateAssemblychairmanAlecWebley.“Thisisthedefinitionofintegration.”

“I’veexperiencedroommateconflictsbetweeninterracialstudentsthathavebothbrokendownstereotypesandreinforcedstereotypes,”saidonePennresidentadvisorRA.TheRAoftwoyearsaddedthatwhilesomeconflicts“providedmoremulticulturalacceptanceandmelding(融合)”,therewerealso“jarringculturalconfrontations”.

TheRAsaidthattheseconflictshavealsooccurredamongroommatesofthesamerace.Kaosaidshecautionsagainstforminganygeneralizationsbasedonanyoneofthestudies,notingthatmorebackgroundcharacteristicsofthestudentsneedtobestudiedandexplained.

1.Whatcanwelearnfromsomerecentstudies?

2.WhatdoesSamBoakye’sremarkmean?

3.WhatdoestheIndianaUniversitystudyshow?

4.WhatdoesAlecWebleyconsidertobethe“definitionofintegration”?

5.WhatdoesGraceKaosayaboutinterraciallodging?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Conflictsbetweenstudentsofdifferentracesareunavoidable.

B.Studentsofdifferentracesareprejudicedagainsteachother.

C.Interraciallodgingdoesmoreharmthangood.

D.Interraciallodgingmayhavediverseoutcomes.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Whitestudentstendtolookdownupontheirblackpeers.

B.Blackstudentscancompetewiththeirwhitepeersacademically.

C.Blackstudentsfeelsomewhatembarrassedamongwhitepeersduringthefreshmanyear.

D.Beingsurroundedbywhitepeersmotivatesablackstudenttoworkhardertosucceed.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Interracialroommatesaremorelikelytofallout.

B.Fewwhitestudentslikesharingaroomwithablackpeer.

C.Roommatesofdifferentracesjustdon’tgetalong.

D.Assigningstudents’lodgingrandomlyisnotagoodpolicy.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Studentsofdifferentracesarerequiredtosharearoom.

B.Interraciallodgingisarrangedbytheschoolforfreshmen.

C.Lodgingisassignedtostudentsofdifferentraceswithoutexception.

D.Theschoolrandomlyassignsroommateswithoutregardtorace.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Itisunscientifictomakegeneralizationsaboutitwithoutfurtherstudy.

B.Schoolsshouldbecautiouswhenmakingdecisionsaboutstudentlodging.

C.Students’racialbackgroundshouldbeconsideredbeforelodgingisassigned.

D.Experiencedresidentadvisorsshouldbeassignedtohandletheproblems.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第一段Severalrecentstudieshavefoundthatbeingrandomlyassignedtoaroommateofanotherracecanleadtoincreasedtolerancebutalsotoagreaterlikelihoodofconflict.（最近的一些研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，讓不同種族的學(xué)生住在一起可能會(huì)增強(qiáng)包容性，但也可能會(huì)增加沖突的幾率。），可知不同種族的學(xué)生住在一起可能會(huì)有好的結(jié)果和不好的結(jié)果，并且沒(méi)有強(qiáng)調(diào)更有可能是好的還是不好的結(jié)果，D選項(xiàng)“讓不同種族的學(xué)生住在一起可能有不同的結(jié)果”正確，A選項(xiàng)“不同種族的學(xué)生之間的沖突不可避免”和C選項(xiàng)“讓不同種族的學(xué)生住在一起弊大于利”錯(cuò)誤。B選項(xiàng)“不同種族的學(xué)生互相有偏見(jiàn)”：根據(jù)第二段Recentreportsfoundthatlodgingwithastudentofadifferentracemaydecreaseprejudice（最近的報(bào)告發(fā)現(xiàn)，與不同種族的學(xué)生住在一起可能會(huì)減少偏見(jiàn)），可知文章表達(dá)的重點(diǎn)是偏見(jiàn)可能會(huì)減少，而不是強(qiáng)調(diào)偏見(jiàn)的存在。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

2.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段blackstudentslivingwithawhiteroommatesawhigheracademicsuccessthroughouttheircollegecareers.Researchersbelievethismaybecausedbysocialpressure.（與白人室友同住的黑人學(xué)生在整個(gè)大學(xué)生涯中獲得了更高的學(xué)術(shù)成就。研究人員認(rèn)為這可能是社會(huì)壓力造成的。）和第四段InaNewYorkTimesarticle,SamBoakye—theonlyblackstudentonhisfreshmanyearfloor—saidthat“ifyou’resurroundedbywhites,youhavesomethingtoprove.”（在《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》的一篇文章中，大學(xué)一年級(jí)唯一的黑人學(xué)生Samboakye說(shuō)：“如果你周?chē)际前兹?，你就得證明自己。”），可知與白人室友同住的黑人學(xué)生更加努力，因此獲得了更高的學(xué)術(shù)成就，D選項(xiàng)“周?chē)前兹送瑢W(xué)的環(huán)境激勵(lì)黑人學(xué)生更加努力地工作以獲得成功”正確。B選項(xiàng)“黑人學(xué)生可以在學(xué)業(yè)上與白人同齡人競(jìng)爭(zhēng)”：不是表達(dá)的重點(diǎn)，故錯(cuò)誤。A選項(xiàng)“白人學(xué)生往往看不起他們的黑人同學(xué)”和C選項(xiàng)“在大學(xué)一年級(jí)期間，黑人學(xué)生在白人同齡人中有些尷尬”：文中沒(méi)有提到。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

3.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第五段第二句Accordingtotworecentstudies,randomlyassignedroommatesofdifferentracesaremorelikelytoexperienceconflictssostrainedthatoneroommatewillmoveout.（根據(jù)最近的兩項(xiàng)研究，隨機(jī)分配的不同種族的室友更有可能經(jīng)歷緊張的沖突，以至于其中一個(gè)室友會(huì)搬出去。）和第六段AnIndianaUniversitystudyfoundthatinterracialroommateswerethreetimesaslikelyastwowhiteroommatestonolongerlivetogetherbytheendofthesemester.（印第安納大學(xué)的一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，到學(xué)期結(jié)束時(shí)，不同種族室友不住在一起的可能性是兩個(gè)白人室友的三倍。），可知不同種族的學(xué)生住在一起比同種族的學(xué)生住在一起更容易鬧矛盾，但不是一定會(huì)鬧矛盾，A選項(xiàng)“不同種族的室友更容易爭(zhēng)吵”正確，C選項(xiàng)“不同種族的室友相處不好”錯(cuò)誤。B選項(xiàng)“很少有白人學(xué)生喜歡和黑人同學(xué)合住一個(gè)房間”：沒(méi)有具體提到白人學(xué)生對(duì)住宿對(duì)象的意向。D選項(xiàng)“隨機(jī)分配學(xué)生住宿不是一個(gè)好政策”：這里討論的是不同種族的學(xué)生住在一起的相關(guān)情況，而非隨機(jī)分配學(xué)生住宿不是一個(gè)好政策是否合理。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

4.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第九段“theprocessthrowsyoutogetherrandomly,”saidUndergraduateAssemblychairmanAlecWebley.“Thisisthedefinitionofintegration.”（“這個(gè)過(guò)程會(huì)隨意地把你們聚在一起?！北究粕髸?huì)主席AlecWebley說(shuō)，“這就是整合的定義?！保?，可知這里的“整合”指的是把不同種族的學(xué)生隨機(jī)聚在一起，D選項(xiàng)“學(xué)校隨機(jī)分配室友，不考慮種族”正確。A選項(xiàng)“不同種族的學(xué)生被要求共享一個(gè)房間”和B選項(xiàng)“學(xué)校為新生安排不同種族的室友”：學(xué)校沒(méi)有特意規(guī)定和硬性要求，室友都是隨機(jī)分配，故錯(cuò)誤。C選項(xiàng)“對(duì)不同種族的學(xué)生一視同仁”：這里的重點(diǎn)不是平等對(duì)待所有學(xué)生，給所有學(xué)生同樣的福利或待遇，而是強(qiáng)調(diào)隨機(jī)分配室友，故錯(cuò)誤。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

5.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章最后一句Kaosaidshecautionsagainstforminganygeneralizationsbasedonanyoneofthestudies,notingthatmorebackgroundcharacteristicsofthestudentsneedtobestudiedandexplained.（Kao說(shuō)，她告誡不要基于任何一項(xiàng)研究得出一般性結(jié)論，指出需要研究和解釋更多學(xué)生的背景特征。），可知Kao認(rèn)為需要進(jìn)行足夠的研究才能給出結(jié)論，A選項(xiàng)“沒(méi)有進(jìn)一步研究就對(duì)其進(jìn)行概括是不科學(xué)的”正確。B選項(xiàng)“學(xué)校在安排學(xué)生住宿時(shí)應(yīng)該謹(jǐn)慎”，C選項(xiàng)“在分配住宿之前，應(yīng)該考慮學(xué)生的種族背景”和D選項(xiàng)“應(yīng)該指派有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的室長(zhǎng)來(lái)處理這些問(wèn)題”：文中沒(méi)有提到，故錯(cuò)誤。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

15.單選題

Hisdebtshadtobe______afterhecommittedsuicidewithhisrifle.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.laidoff

B.writtenoff

C.turnedoff

D.putoff

【答案】B

【解析】【試題解析】考查短語(yǔ)辨析。A選項(xiàng)laidoff“下崗，解雇”；B選項(xiàng)writtenoff“一筆勾銷(xiāo)；注銷(xiāo)”；C選項(xiàng)turnedoff“關(guān)閉”；D選項(xiàng)putoff“推遲”。句意：他用步槍自殺后，他欠下的債務(wù)不得不______。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，這里指他自殺后債務(wù)就不存在了，B選項(xiàng)writtenoff“一筆勾銷(xiāo)；注銷(xiāo)”符合題意。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

16.單選題

Thewordsofhisoldteacherlefta______impressiononhismind.Heisstillinfluencedbythem.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.lasting

B.liberal

C.long

D.lively

【答案】A

【解析】【試題解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)lasting“持久的；永恒的”；B選項(xiàng)liberal“開(kāi)明的；大方的”；C選項(xiàng)long“長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的”；D選項(xiàng)lively“活躍熱情的；充滿(mǎn)趣味的”。句意：他以前的老師的話給他留下了______印象。他仍然受到他們的影響。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，很長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間以后他都受老師言語(yǔ)的影響，lastingimpression為固定短語(yǔ)，A選項(xiàng)lasting“持久的；永恒的”符合題意。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

17.單選題

TheearlyretirementofexperiencedworkersisseriouslyharmingtheU.S.economy,accordingtoanewreportfromtheHudsonInstitute,apublicpolicyresearchorganization.Currently,manyolderexperiencedworkersretireatanearlyage.Accordingtotherecentlyissuedstatistics,79percentofqualifiedworkersbegincollectingretirementbenefitsatage62;ifthattrendcontinues,therewillbealaborshortagethatwillhindertheeconomicgrowthinthetwenty-firstcentury.

OlderAmericansconstituteanincreasingproportionofthepopulation,accordingtotheU.S.CensusBureau,andthepopulationofthoseoverage65willgrowby60%between2001and2020.Duringthesameperiod,thegroupaged18to44willincreasebyonly4%.Keepingolderskilledworkersemployed,evenparttime,wouldincreaseU.S.economicoutputandstrengthenthetaxbase;butwithoutsignificantpolicyreforms,massiveearlyretirementamongbabyboomersseemsmorelikely.

Retirementatage62isaneconomicallyrationaldecisiontoday.SocialSecurityandMedicaidearningslimitsandtaxpenaltiessubjectourmostexperiencedworkerstomarginaltaxratesashighas67%.SocialSecurityformulasencourageearlyretirement.Althoughincomesusuallyrisewithadditionalyearsofwork,anypayincreasesafterthe35-yearmarkresultinhighersocialSecuritytaxesbutonlysmallincreasesinbenefits.

HudsonInstituteresearchersbelievethatfederaltaxandbenefitpoliciesareatfaultandreformsareurgentlyneeded,buttheydisagreewiththepopularproposalthatmucholderAmericanswillhavetoworkbecauseSocialSecuritywillnotsupportthemandthatbabyboomersarenotsavingenoughforretirement.Accordingtotheincreasein401(k)andKeoghretirementplans,theongoingstockmarketonWallStreet,andthelikelihoodoflargeinheritances,thereisevidencethatbabyboomerswillreachage65withgreaterfinancialassetsthanpreviousgenerations.

TheHudsonInstituteadvocatesreforminggovernmentpoliciesthatnowdiscourageworkandsavings,especiallyforolderworkers.Amongthereport’srecommendations:taxhalfofallSocialSecuritybenefits,regardlessofotherincome;provide8%largerbenefitsforeachyearbeyond65;andpermitworkersnearingretirementtonegotiatecompensationpackagesthatmayincludealowersalarybutwithgreaterhealthcarebenefits.However,itmaytakerealandfruitfulplanningtofindtherightsolutiontotheearlyretirementofolderexperiencedworkers;anymeasurestakenmustbeallowedtoprolongtheserviceabilityofolderexperiencedworkers.

1.AccordingtoHudsonInstituteresearcher,theeffectoftheearlyretirementofqualifiedworkersintheU.S.economyis________.

2.TheoldexperiencedworkersinAmericatendtoretireearlybecausetheirprolongedservicemay________.

3.Thesecondparagraphiswrittenchieflytoshowthat________.

4.Whenmentioning“theongoingstockmarketonWallStreet”thewriter________.

5.Towardstheissue,whatthewriterismostconcernedaboutwillbe________.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.constructive

B.significant

C.inconclusive

D.disadvantageous

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.doharmtoyoungergenerations

B.endupwithfewornobenefits

C.giveplaytotheirpotentials

D.shedlightonsocialtrends

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.therewillbeanacutelaborshortageinthenearfutures

B.baby-boomerscontributemuchtotheUSeconomic

C.governmentpoliciesconcerningolderpeopleareout-dated

D.olderworkersareenthusiasticaboutcollectingsocialbenefits

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.iscallingattentiontotheprivilegestowhichbaby-boomersareentitled

B.iscallingforthegovernmenttotakecountermeasuresagainstlaborshortage

C.isrefutinganotionaboutexperiencedworkers’earlyretirement

D.isjustifyingtheineffectivenessoffederaltaxandbenefitpolicies

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.toadvocateradicallyreforminggovernmentpolicies

B.totakeintoaccountthebenefitsuponretirement

C.toputinpracticewhatHudsonresearchersbelievein

D.toprolongthepracticabilityofolderexperiencedemployees

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段TheearlyretirementofexperiencedworkersisseriouslyharmingtheU.S.economy,accordingtoanewreportfromtheHudsonInstitute,apublicpolicyresearchorganization.（公共政策研究機(jī)構(gòu)哈德遜研究所的一份新報(bào)告顯示，有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的工人提前退休正嚴(yán)重?fù)p害美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)。），可知有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的工人提前退休具有弊端，D選項(xiàng)“不利的”正確。A選項(xiàng)“建設(shè)性的”，B選項(xiàng)“意義重大的”和C選項(xiàng)“無(wú)定論的”屬于無(wú)中生有。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

2.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第一句Retirementatage62isaneconomicallyrationaldecisiontoday.（在今天，62歲退休在經(jīng)濟(jì)上是一個(gè)理性的決定。）和最后一句Althoughincomesusuallyrisewithadditionalyearsofwork,anypayincreasesafterthe35-yearmarkresultinhighersocialSecuritytaxesbutonlysmallincreasesinbenefits.（盡管收入通常會(huì)隨著工作年限的增加而增加，但35年之后的任何工資增長(zhǎng)都會(huì)導(dǎo)致社會(huì)保障稅的增加，而福利只會(huì)小幅增加。），可知許多人希望盡早退休的原因是好處不夠，B選項(xiàng)“最終得到很少的好處或得不到好處”正確。A選項(xiàng)“對(duì)年輕一代有害”和C選項(xiàng)“發(fā)揮他們的潛力”：文中沒(méi)有提到，屬于無(wú)中生有。D選項(xiàng)“闡明社會(huì)趨勢(shì)”：根據(jù)第一段最后一句ifthattrendcontinues,therewillbealaborshortagethatwillhindertheeconomicgrowthinthetwenty-firstcentury.（如果這種趨勢(shì)繼續(xù)下去，勞動(dòng)力短缺將會(huì)阻礙21世紀(jì)的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)。），社會(huì)趨勢(shì)指的是許多有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的老工人很早就退休了，但這不是他們退休的原因，屬于出處錯(cuò)位。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

3.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】推理判斷題。第二段第一句指出人口老齡化會(huì)加劇，第二句指出年輕人群的增長(zhǎng)很少，第三句建議讓年長(zhǎng)的技術(shù)工人繼續(xù)就業(yè)以維持勞動(dòng)力數(shù)量，如果不改革，勞動(dòng)力缺乏的情況會(huì)更嚴(yán)重，綜合可知，A選項(xiàng)“在不久的將來(lái)，將會(huì)嚴(yán)重勞動(dòng)力短缺”正確。B選項(xiàng)“嬰兒潮一代對(duì)美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)貢獻(xiàn)很大”：根據(jù)第二段最后一句butwithoutsignificantpolicyreforms,massiveearlyretirementamongbabyboomersseemsmorelikely.（但如果不進(jìn)行重大政策改革，嬰兒潮一代大規(guī)模提前退休的可能性似乎更大。），這里沒(méi)有講嬰兒潮一代對(duì)美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)貢獻(xiàn)很大，屬于曲解原文。C選項(xiàng)“政府有關(guān)老年人的政策已經(jīng)過(guò)時(shí)了”：文中沒(méi)有提到關(guān)于老年人的政策，屬于無(wú)中生有。D選項(xiàng)“年長(zhǎng)的工人熱衷于將社會(huì)福利收入囊中”：文中沒(méi)有提到，屬于無(wú)中生有。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

4.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】推理判斷題。文章在第四段第一句提出HudsonInstituteresearchersbelievethatfederaltaxandbenefitpoliciesareatfaultandreformsareurgentlyneeded,buttheydisagreewiththepopularproposalthatmucholderAmericanswillhavetowork（哈德遜研究所的研究人員認(rèn)為，聯(lián)邦稅收和福利政策是錯(cuò)誤的，改革迫在眉睫，但他們不同意一項(xiàng)廣受歡迎的提議，即美國(guó)老年人必須工作。），可知作者贊同美國(guó)老年人必須工作的觀點(diǎn)，隨后在第四段最后一句提出Accordingto…theongoingstockmarketonWallStreet…thereisevidencethatbabyboomerswillreachage65withgreaterfinancialassetsthanpreviousgenerations.（根據(jù)華爾街股市的持續(xù)上漲……有證據(jù)表明，嬰兒潮一代將工作到65歲，比前幾代人擁有更多的金融資產(chǎn)。），可知華爾街股市持續(xù)上漲的例子是為了支持上面美國(guó)老年人必須工作的觀點(diǎn)，C選項(xiàng)“反駁有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的工人提前退休的觀點(diǎn)”正確。A選項(xiàng)“正在呼吁人們關(guān)注嬰兒潮一代所享有的特權(quán)”：文中沒(méi)有提到，屬于無(wú)中生有。B選項(xiàng)“要求政府采取對(duì)策解決勞動(dòng)力短缺問(wèn)題”：這里沒(méi)有提到解決勞動(dòng)力短缺的問(wèn)題，屬于出處錯(cuò)位。D選項(xiàng)“為聯(lián)邦稅收和福利政策的無(wú)效辯護(hù)”：作者和哈德遜研究所一樣認(rèn)為聯(lián)邦稅收和福利政策是錯(cuò)誤，不符合文章內(nèi)容，屬于反向干擾。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

5.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。文章第一段提出有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的工人提前退休具有危害，第二段提出需要用政策使他們延長(zhǎng)就業(yè)，第三段指出他們?yōu)槭裁磿?huì)提前退休，第四段強(qiáng)調(diào)老員工必須工作，第五段闡述了哈德遜研究所對(duì)有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的老員工提前退休的建議后總結(jié)必須延長(zhǎng)有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的老員工的工作時(shí)間。文章在各個(gè)方面闡述為什么需要延長(zhǎng)有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的老員工的工作時(shí)間，也給出了建議，D選項(xiàng)“給有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的老員工延長(zhǎng)工作時(shí)間的可行性”正確。A選項(xiàng)“主張徹底改革政府政策”：文章只涉及到老員工提前退休的政策，沒(méi)有提出讓政府徹底改革，屬于偷換概念。B選項(xiàng)“考慮退休后的福利”：這只是文章的部分內(nèi)容，屬于以偏概全。C選項(xiàng)“將哈德遜研究人員所相信的付諸實(shí)踐”：作者引用哈德遜研究人員的研究?jī)?nèi)容只是為了佐證自己的觀點(diǎn)，不是想表達(dá)的重點(diǎn)，屬于曲解原文。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

18.單選題

The______regioniscenteredlargelyinthenorthofthecountry.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.telescope

B.wire

C.petrol

D.mineral

【答案】D

【解析】【試題解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)telescope“望遠(yuǎn)鏡”；B選項(xiàng)wire“金屬線；電線”；C選項(xiàng)petrol“汽油”；D選項(xiàng)mineral“礦物；汽水”。句意：______區(qū)主要集中在這個(gè)國(guó)家的北部。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，這里指含有某個(gè)資源的地區(qū)集中在國(guó)家的北部，D選項(xiàng)mineral“礦物”符合題意。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

19.單選題

Therewasatrafficjam,butshe______gettothedestinationintime.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.could

B.might

C.oughtto

D.wasableto

【答案】D

【解析】【試題解析】考查詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)could“能夠（原本就具有某種能力）”；B選項(xiàng)might“也許會(huì)”；C選項(xiàng)oughtto“應(yīng)該（表示期望或可能發(fā)生的事或表示勸告或建議）”；D選項(xiàng)wasableto“能夠（通過(guò)努力可以具備某種能力或?qū)崿F(xiàn)某種狀態(tài)，強(qiáng)調(diào)有努力的過(guò)程）”。句意：雖然發(fā)生了交通擁堵，但她______及時(shí)到達(dá)目的地。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，這里指即使因?yàn)榻煌〒矶录皶r(shí)到達(dá)目的地存在困難，但是她依然辦到了，D選項(xiàng)wasableto符合題意。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

20.單選題

Theirroomwasonthethirdfloor,itswindow______thesportsground.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.overlooks

B.overlooking

C.overlooked

D.tooverlook

【答案】B

【解析】【試題解析】考查獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：他們的房間在三樓，從窗戶(hù)可以俯瞰運(yùn)動(dòng)場(chǎng)。逗號(hào)前句子結(jié)構(gòu)完整，逗號(hào)后闡述的對(duì)象換成itswindow并且和overlook構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系，但是沒(méi)有引導(dǎo)詞來(lái)構(gòu)成從句，確定考查獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。根據(jù)itswindow和overlook構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系，確定用現(xiàn)在分詞形式，B選項(xiàng)overlooking符合題意。A選項(xiàng)overlooks是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)，C選項(xiàng)overlooked是過(guò)去分詞，表示被動(dòng)，D選項(xiàng)tooverlook是不定式結(jié)構(gòu)，表示目的。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

21.單選題

Therisingofpriceswill______offdemandsforpayincreases.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.trigger

B.nudge

C.trail

D.switch

【答案】A

【解析】【試題解析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。A選項(xiàng)trigger“觸發(fā)；引起”；B選項(xiàng)nudge“（常用肘為引起注意）輕推”；C選項(xiàng)trail“沒(méi)精打采地慢走；拉”；D選項(xiàng)switch“轉(zhuǎn)變；交換；調(diào)班”。句意：物價(jià)上漲會(huì)______漲工資的要求。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，這里指物價(jià)上漲以后人們就想要漲工資，A選項(xiàng)trigger“觸發(fā)；引起