1、1 .名詞的數2 .名詞的格第一章 代詞1 .人稱代詞2 .物主代詞第二章 冠詞與數詞1 .冠詞2 .數詞第三章一般現在時態(tài)第四章現在進行時態(tài)第五章句型1. 陳述句2. 疑問句3. 祈使句4. There be 句型與 have has第六章總結考試第一章名詞 （Nounj）名詞的概念在生活中，我們會接觸到各種各樣的人和事物，用來表示這些人或事物名稱的詞就是名 詞。一、名詞的數名詞的數指名詞的單數和復數形式?？蓴得~表示“一個”時用單數，“兩個以上”時用 復數；不可數名詞表示量時，通常用“數詞 +單位+of+物質名詞”的形式，如a piece of bread （ 一片面包），變?yōu)閺蛿禃r，只須

2、將單位名詞變?yōu)閺蛿?，如：two pieces ofbread（兩片面包）。*名詞凌數的構成法則1. 一般情況下在詞尾力口 ？s.詞尾讀音shop - shops （ 商店） bag - bags （ 書包） window - windows （ 窗戶）2.以s, x, sh, ch 結尾的單詞在詞尾加 es。在清輔音后讀 s 在抵前音后讀 z 在元音后讀z class - classes （ 班級） box - boxes （ 盒子）詞尾讀音iz match - matches （ brush - brushes （3 .以“輔音字母+y”story - stories （ 4 .以“元音字母

3、歹7key - keysmonkey - monkeys比賽）加開）結尾的詞，變y為i加es.故事）詞尾讀音iz 結尾的詞，在詞尾直接加s 詞尾讀音z 5.以“o”結尾的名詞, tomato - tomatoes （potato - potatoes （ _復數一般在詞尾加“ s”，西紅柿）詞尾讀音z 土豆）但個別加eszoo - zoos （ 動物園）photo - photos （ 照片）* （以“o”結尾，復數加“es”）口訣:黑人（Negro）英雄（hero）,左手拿著西紅柿（tomato）,右手拿著破土豆（potato）,工頂一個大芒果（mango6.以f坡fe 結尾的詞，多數變f或

4、fe 為ves.leaf - leaves （ 樹葉）詞尾讀音vz knife - knives （ 小刀）* （以f Wife結尾的單詞，需把f或fe變ves的單詞）口訣：妻子（wife ）持刀（knife ）去宰狼（wolf）,小偷（thief ）嚇得發(fā)了慌，躲在架下（shelf ） 保己命，半（half）片樹葉（leaf ）遮目光。* （以f或fe結尾的單詞，直接加“s”的單詞）口訣：長頸鹿（giraffe）站在屋檐（roof）下，左手拿著手絹（handkerchief）,右手拿著高爾夫球（golf） o例：roof - roofs （ 屋頂）7.不規(guī)則名詞復數的變化man - men

5、（ 男人） tooth -teeth （牙齒）child - children （ 兒童） mouse - mice（ 老鼠）foot - feet （ 腳 ）8. 名詞單復數形式一樣sheep - sheep （ English - Englishwoman - women （綿羊 ） deer - deer* （不規(guī)則名詞變復數）口訣：男人，女人a 變 e；鵝，足，牙齒oo 變 ee；其實老鼠也好記ous變ic；孩子加上 ren ，魚鹿綿羊不用記。二、名詞所有格的構成法1. 主要是在詞尾加 s 構成。如 :This is TomThat is Mikes desk . 這是湯姆的書桌。s

6、book. 那是邁克的書。女人 ）Chinese - Chinese（鹿）（中國人）2. 如果原名詞已經有復數詞尾s , 則僅加一個 . 如 :the teachers reading room 教師閱覽室the pupils pencil-boxes學生們的文具盒3. 如果原詞是復數形式，但不是以 s 結尾， 變?yōu)樗懈裥问叫柙诤竺婕由蟭he children s palace 少年宮men s room男廁所* 名詞所有格口訣：名詞所有格，s前面加一撇，復數s放在尾，后加一撇就完結，兩人共有算一個,加一個撇。s 。如：后面只寫出下列名詞的復數形式名詞練習題puter4.house _7.t

7、omato _10 .foot _11 .wife 13.play 16.radio _18. life 20.leaf 22.dress 24. deer 26.brush _28. English _二、漢譯英2.apple5.sheep8.child3.city _6.watch _9.tooth12.potato _14.day _ 17.zoo _19. story _21. baby _ _ 23.butterfly 25.class _ _ 27.key _29.mouse15.glass30. man1 3579 、下子1 2？ 3 4。Tom的足球、把下列句子翻譯成英文一是

8、Peter 的籃球嗎？_有一些書在Samffi課桌上。2. 老師們的自行車0哥哥的文具盒猴子們的香蕉媽媽的包 女孩們的蘋果有一些孩子們在教室里四、改錯 （圈出錯處，在橫線上改正過來）1 .There are some butterflys on the table. _2 .This is Alice dress. 3 .I like tomato very much. 五、將下列句子變成復數形式。1 This dog is brown.2. There is a book and a pen on the table.3.That woman is a teacher.能力測試

9、卷 （名詞）一、 將下列名詞變成復數形式。1.plane month2. boxtree apple buslesson shirtbrushwatchclassfox3.knifelifeleafWifethief4.dayboymonkeybabycountrystory5.photoradiopianotomatohero6. childtoothmanSheepEnglishChinese二、判斷正誤,并改正錯句,正確的打“1. The house is my brother.2. He has visited many country.3. They are Englishs.4.

10、This is Tom red bike.三、選擇填空1 . There are twoin the room.A. ChinesesB. Englishman2 .The old man will have out.A. two toothsB. two teeth3 .are sold in this bookstore.A. Children ' s books B. Children books4 . Some friends of will come here.A. John ' s B.John5 . Can you give me?A. some papers B

11、. a piece of paper6 .There are on the floor.A. some box B. some boxes四、將下列句子變成復數形式。1. This sheep is white.2. There is a desk and a chair in the room.3. That man is a doctor.第二章代詞一、人稱代詞1 .人稱代詞即表示“你、我、他、你們、我們、他們”等的詞，它的人稱、數和格的變化 見下表：數人稱主格賓格單數第一人稱Ime第二人稱youyou第三人稱her himsheheritit復數第一人稱Weus第二人稱youyou第三人

12、稱theyP them人稱代詞有主格和賓格兩種形式。主格主要用來做句子的主語；賓格主要用作賓語。人稱代詞主格用在句首作主語。She is sitting in a bus.她正坐在公共汽車上。人稱代詞賓格在動詞后作賓語。This pen is bad.I can' t write with it.這支鋼筆不好,我沒法用它寫字。2 .人稱代詞的排列順序人稱J弋詞并列使用時，通常以下列順序出現，請熟悉并記憶。1) 單數代詞：you and I; you and he ; he and I ; you ,he and I2) 復數代詞： we and they ; we and you ;

13、you and they; we, you and they3)第三人稱單數代詞：he and she*人稱代詞排序口訣：人稱代詞并列觀，注意順序禮貌見；單數人稱二、三、一，復數人稱一、二、三； 麻煩事情“我”站前，其他人稱沒意見； 兩性并用為三單，男先女后是習慣。二、物主代詞L物主代詞盤表示所有關系的代詞3分為形容詞性物主代詞名詞性物主代詞。，L一人第一人稱I第二人標第三人稱1稱 類別單數復數單數復數單數復數形谷詞 性myouryouryourhis,her,it stheir名詞性mineouryoursyourshis,hers,i tstheirs名詞性物三E代詞=j鄉(xiāng)谷詞性物主代詞

14、+名詞例，Whose coat is this?這是誰的上衣？It ' s hers. 是她的。hers= her coat*關于物主代詞的口訣:物主代詞很重要，譯成漢語都有“的”，后面必須加上物，否則就要犯錯誤, my your his her its our their不放過。反身代詞也叫“自身代詞”，表示“ *自己”形容詞性是基礎，除了我的？ “mine”外，其他詞尾“ s”性 形物代能力差，出門常把名詞加；名物代能力強，常來獨去又獨往。 三、反身代詞數人稱第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱單數myselfyourselfhimself, herself復數ourselvesyoursel

15、vesP themselvesI can do it by myself.我自己能做這件事。*反身代詞的構成規(guī)律記憶口訣：反身代詞有規(guī)律，第三人稱賓格加，其余開頭用物主，復數 -ves替-f 四、指示代詞This （這個）these （這些） 指近處的事物That （那個）these （那些） 卷遠處而小物例，This is a book.這是本書。These are some books.這些是書。That is a car.那是輛小汽車。Those are some cars.那些是/b汽車.代詞練習題 一、 根據題意，用所給詞的適當形式填空。1.Mary is a friend of _

16、. ( I )2.This is( she ) ruler.( I ) is in the bag3.Her brother is too young to look after( he )4.This is( I ) book. This book is( I ).5.These pens are( we ).、填寫下列表格。人稱代詞我我們你，你們他她它他們主 格賓 格形容詞性物主代 詞名詞性物主代詞反身代詞、改寫下列句子Eg, This is my book. - The book is mine. 1. That is her ruler. 2. These are their foot

17、balls.3. This is my backpack . 4. Those are your boxes. 四、把下列句子改寫成復數。1. This is a butterfly.2. That is a bus.3. It is a mouse.五、改錯。I.This is mine lamp.2. These are ours books.3. That are their teacheL4. The house is my brother.5. He has visited many country.6. They are Chineses.7. This is Tom red bi

18、ke.能力測試卷（代詞）一、幫下面的好朋友團圓（連線）I她its我們her他（她，它）們we我they你的their他（她，它）們your她的she它的二、填空1. She' s a teacher . This isbag.2. He ' s a driver. This istaxi.3. I am a boy .name is Peter.4. -What ' sname?-My name is Tony.5. It ' s my is Mimi.（）1.Your book is not so old as.A. him B. he

19、C. his D. she（）2.book is it ? It' s.A. Whose - her B. Whose hers C. Who hers D. Whom her （）3. He is a friend of.A. our B. us C. my D. mine1. I, you and he are all teachers.2. This is mine teddy bear.3. These are ours bags.4. These is their teachers.第三章數詞和冠詞一、數詞表示數目和順序的詞叫數詞。數詞又分基數詞和序數詞，基數詞表示數量，序數

20、詞表示順1 .最基本的基數詞如下表所示：11011119201001 one11 eleven2 twor 12 twelve20 twenty3 three13 thirteen30 thirty4 four14 fourteen40 forty5 five15 fifteen50 fifty6 six16 sixteen60 sixty7 seven17 seventeen70 seventy8 eight18 eighteen80 eighty9 nine19 nineteen90 ninety10 ten100 one hundred*基數詞的寫法：2199的兩位數，十位與個位之間用連

21、字符“-”。例：21 twenty - one 32 thirty - two 99 ninety- nine百位數：個位數基數詞形式加“ hundred”，表示幾百，在幾十幾與百位間加上and例：101 a hundred and one. 320 three hundred and twenty 648six hundred and forty-eight2 .序數詞的構成1） 一般來說p是由相應的基數詞加詞尾th構成。例，four+ th- fourthsix + th - sixthseven + th - seventh ten + th - tenth2）下面這些基數詞在變?yōu)樾驍翟~

22、時，有特殊的變化。例， one - first two - second three - third five- fiftheight - eighth nine - ninth twelve - twelfth3）十位整數聲數詞的構成方法是將基數詞的詞y變成i ,然后在加eth.例，twenty - twentieth thirty - thirtieth forty - fortiethninety - ninetieth4）兩位或兩位以上的基數詞變?yōu)樾驍翟~時，僅將個位數變成序數詞。例，twenty - onetwenty- firstthirty-fivethirty-fiftha hu

23、ndred and fifty-threea hundred and fifty- third*基數詞變序數詞的口訣：基變序，有規(guī)律；詞尾加上th （fourth, sixth ）一、二、三，單獨記；結尾字母 t, d, d ; （first , second, third ）八去 t,九去 e, （eighth , ninth ） ； ve 要用 f 替；（fifth , twelfth ）整十基數變序及，ty將y變成i ; th前面有個e；要是遇到幾十幾，前用基來后用序。二、冠詞冠詞分不定冠詞和定冠詞兩種。 工或an其不定冠詞，the是定冠詞。a用在輔音音素之前，如 a desk, a t

24、ree ; an 用在元音因素之前，如 an apple, an hour, an English book.1 .不定冠詞（a,an）指人或事物的某1種類，表示“一個”，但不強調數量。She is a teacher. That ' s an orange.2 .定冠詞the ,是特指某（些）人、某（些）物，或指說話人與聽話人彼此知道的人或物， 或者是在上文提到過的人和事。This is a bus. The bus is big.3 .不用冠詞的情況：1）專有名詞，物質名詞，抽象名詞前一般不用冠詞。如，Chinese, English, Jim 等。2） 名詞前已經athis, t

25、hat, my, your 等詞時，就不再用冠詞了。如， that mouse （ 那只老鼠）3） 一些固定詞赳前不用定冠詞。如，at home 在家 go to school 去上學*定冠詞the的用法記后口訣：特指、重提和唯一，島嶼、海峽和海灣；海洋、黨派、最高級，沙漠、河流與群山；方位、順序和樂器，年代、團體與機關；船名、建筑和組織，會議、條約與報刊；姓氏復數、國全名，記住定冠the加在前。*零冠詞用法口訣：月份、星期、節(jié)假洲，呼語、頭銜職務前；三餐、球類、慣用語，學科、棋類名詞前。冠詞和數詞專項練習一、在空白處填上適當的冠詞，不需要的填“/”。1) at_home2) go tobed

26、 3) go to _school4) catch ,bad cold 5) havegood time6)_red apple 7)English book 8)_ spoon9)orange 10) _melon11) _ eraser二、選擇填空1.There ism in the wordprimaryA. an B.aC.the D./2.This isorange bike .A.a B.an C.the D/1.1 t always takes us half hour to have long walk after supper .A.a,a B,a ,the C.an , a

27、 D.an , the4 .English is useful language in world .A.an , the B.a , the C.the , / D./ , the5 .We are going to cinema this evening .A.the B./ C/a D.an6 .He' s standing on other side of river .A.a , a B.the , the C.the , a D.a , the7 .potato is a vegetable , notfruit .A.The?an B.The , a C.A, the D

28、An, /8 .He was first to come .A.The B.a-C.theD./9 .Do you see book on table ?A.the , a B.a, an C.an , an D.a , the10 .Where' sdesk ? It ' s inmiddle of the room .A./ , /B./ , a-CT； / D.the , the11 .He is friend of mine .A.an B./ C.the D.a12 .There isuniversity near the farm .A.aB.anC.theD./1

29、3 .He died in autumn of 1989 .A./ B.the C.a D.an1.1 I havebook . I t ' sinteresting one . I like readingbooksvery much .A.a, an ,/ B.a , / , the C.an , an , the D./ , an , /15 .Today isChildren ' s Day .A.a B.anCthe D/16 .This is bag . That is eraser .A.a, a B.a , an C.an , a D. an , an四、用代詞

30、填空：1 .,andare all good friends .A.We , you , they B.You , they , we C.We , they , you D.They , you , we2 .classroom is big , but is much bigger than.A.We , they , us B.Our , their , our C.Our , theirs , ours D.Our , theirs , we3 .She lostpen . Will you lend her?A.her , yours B.his , your C.hers , yo

31、u D.their , yourself4. “What are you doing ? ”“I am looking atin the mirror ?”A.me B.myself C.itself D.himself5. ,andall enjoy music .A.She , you , I B.I , she , you C.You , she , I D.I , you , she能力測試卷（冠詞和數詞）一、寫出相鄰的數詞1.twenty2.five 3.twelve4.fifty-eight5.ninety6.seventy7.thirty-eight8.one hundred9.

32、one thousand10.one、選擇正確答案I.There are days in a year.A. three hundreds sixty-five B. three hundreds and sixty-five C. three hundred and sixty-five D. three hundred and sixty five 2.There are students in this school.A. eight hundreds and forty-six B. eight hundred and forty sixC. eight hundred and for

33、ty-six D. eight hundred forty-six 3.My brother is in A. Three Class, One GradeB. Class Three, Grade OneC. Grade One, Class ThreeD. class three, grade one year.4 .He was doing some washing A. at eight yesterday morning C. yesterday morning at eight5 .There are monthsB. yesterday morning eightD. by ei

34、ght yesterday morning in a year. Decemberis themonthof theA. twelve; twelve B. twelve; twelfth C. twelfth; twelve D. twelve; twelveth6.Sunday is the day of the week.A. seventh B. first C. second D. third7 .Autumn is season in a year.A. the fourth B. the third C. a third D. third8 .Tom was to get to

35、school and I was . A. first; ninth B. the first; the ninth C. a first; a ninth D. the second; the ninth9 .What' s the date today? It ' s .thA. Friday B. time to go C. cloudy D. June 410 .Monday is the second day, and .A. Tuesday is the fourth B. Thursday is the fifthC. the second is Tuesday

36、D. the second is Thursday第四章一、一般現在時的定義一般現在時是表示現在經常反復發(fā)生的動作，存在的狀態(tài)或習慣性的動作的時態(tài)。二、一般現在時的結構一般現在時用行為動詞的原形，但第三人稱單數作主語時，動詞的詞尾要加-s或-es?，F在以連系動詞be和行為動詞read為例，對一般現在時的肯定句、否定句、疑問句及 其簡略答語的構成以表格形式加以說明：動詞石足句beI amI am not You/We/They are You/We/They are not He/She/It is .He/She/It is notreadI/We/You/They read I/We/You

37、/They/ do not read He/She/It reads He/She/It does not read動詞疑問句洵略將諾（肯定）洵略將諾（會正）beAm I ？Yes , you are.No, you are not.Are you ？Yes, I am/we are.No, I am/we are not.Are we ?Yes, we/you are.No, we/ you are not.Are they ?Yes, they are.No, they are not.Is he ?Yes, he is.No, he is not.Is she ?Yes, she is.

38、No, she is not.Is it ?Yes, it is.No, it is not.readDo I / we / they read ?Yes, you / we / they do.No, you / we/ they do not.Does he / she / it read ?Yes, he / she / it does.No, he / she / it does not.當主語是第三人稱單數時，謂語動詞需加 -s或-es1 . 一般在詞尾加 -s連系動詞be的各種形式常與代詞或not縮寫成一個詞。助動詞do, does 一般只有與 not縮寫。聯系動詞be縮寫形及如下

39、r 目Ah縮寫否定縮寫I amI ' mI am notI ' m notYou areYou' reYou are notYou' re not /You aren ' tHe isHe sHe is notHe s not /He isn ' tShe isShe' sShe is notShe' s not /She isn ' tIt isIt ' sIt is notIt ' s not / It isn' tWe areWe reWe are notWe re not / We aren

40、 ' tThey areThey' reThey are notThey' re not / They aren' t動詞do not的縮寫形式為don' t , does not的縮寫形式為doesn' t 。 動詞加-s或-es （動詞第三人稱單數）例： workworks leave - leaves swim - swims2 .以字母s, x, ch, sh或。結尾的詞加-es例：pass- passes fix -fixes teach - teaches do- does3 .以輔音字母加y結尾的詞，先變y為i再加-es例：stud

41、y - studies carry - carries fly - flies cry - cries1 .表示經常應習慣性的動作。常與 often （經常），always （總、是）,sometimes （有 時）,every day,每天）,on Sundays/Mondays 等表示頻度的時間狀語連用。破現在時的時間狀語有：today, often, sometimes, always, usually, every day（week, month, year,）,this year, once a week （ month, year,）一周（月,2.例旬：I get up at 6

42、o ' clock every day. He often goes to school by bike.表示客觀事實，普遍真理。例旬：Two and two are four.The earth moves around the sun.般現在時態(tài)專項練習、寫出下列動詞的第三人稱單數形式地球繞著太陽轉。postlikeeatvisitridestudyhavewatchstoppassgivejumprisewritegoreadswim單項選擇( )1.you have a book ?A Do B. Are C. Is D. Have( )2.Does Li Lei like t

43、o watch TV?ftleyach doA. Yes, he like. B. No, he doesn t.C. Yes, he d like. D. No, he likes.( )3.She doesn t her homework in the afternoon.A. doing B. to do C. does D. do( )4.How Mr. Smith to England?A. do, go B. is , go C. does, go D. does , goes( )5. she home at six every day?A. Is , leave B. Does

44、 , leave C. Is , leaves D. Does , left三、 用下列動詞的適當形式填空1.I ( get ) up at 6 o clock every day.2 .My father (have) a lovely dog.3 .He (go ) to school on foot.4 .She (do ) not like watching TV.5.They (play) football every Sunday afternoon.四、 按要求完成下列各題1 .Tomorrow is Saturday.( 變成一般疑問句 )Saturday ?2 .Does h

45、e play basketball every weekend? ( 肯定回答 )Yes, .3 .She looks like her sister.( 變一般疑問句 )she like her sister ?4 .Peter and Sam look the same.( 一般疑問句 )they the same ?5 .Do they always go to the movie ( 電影院 ) on Sundays ? ( 否定回答 ) No, .五、英漢互譯1. Tom®常放學后(after school )踢足球。2. 我喜歡唱歌。3. He often goes to

46、 school on foot.4. Children like to play this game.5. 今天是星期日。能力測試卷 （一般現在時）一、 寫出下列動詞的第三人稱單數形式gostopwritebuyhavedoflygiveswimrideplaywatchstudycryreadworkrisegocomecarry1. He (go) to school on foot.2. She not like watching TV. (do)3. My father (have) a lovely dog.4. I often ( get ) up at six every mor

47、ning.5. My mother ( work) in a school.英漢互譯1. 他經常在周六的時候讀英語。2. _P_e_te_r_每天都幫助媽媽做家務。3. Tom always plays football after school.4. I get up at six o ' clock every day.5. The coat fits (適合)me very well.第五章現在進行時態(tài)1、 現在進行時的定義現在進行時是表示在現在某一時刻或某段時間正在進行的動作的時態(tài)。2、 現在進行時的構成現在進行時由“索動詞(am, is , are ) +現在分詞(動詞加-i

48、ng形式)”構成?，F在以動詞 work為例，對現在進行時的肯定句、否定句、疑問而及簡略答語列肯 矩 句石 足 句I am working.I am not working.You are working.You are not working.He/She/It is working.He/She/It is not working.We/You/They are working.We/You/They are not working.疑 問 句簡 略答語Am I working?Yes, you are.No, you are not.Are we working?Yes, we/ you

49、are.No, we/ you aren ' t.Are you working?Yes, I am.No, I am not.Yes, we are.No, we are not.Is he/she it working ?Yes, he/she/it is.No, he/she/it is not.Are they working?Yes, they are.No, they are not.3、 現在分詞的構成1 . 一般在動詞原形末尾加-ing 。stay - staying do - doing listen - listening2 .以不發(fā)音的字母e結尾的動詞，先去掉e,

50、再加-ing 。make - making ride - riding give - giving3 .以一個輔音字母結尾的重讀閉音節(jié)詞，先雙寫這個輔音字母，再加 -ing。put - putting sit - sitting run - running4 .以ie為重履音節(jié)結尾的單詞，先去掉 e,把i變?yōu)閥,再加-ing。 lie - lying die - dying4、 現在進行時的用法1 .裊示現左或說話時正在進行的動作，常和下列時間狀語連用：now, at this moment,at present, these days (years), this term 有時也與 look

51、 , listen 等連例旬：Look, what are the monkeys eating?看，那些猴子在吃什么？2 .表示當前一直或反復在進行的動作或難以終止的動作。例旬：They are running and jumping all the time.他們一直在跑啊跳啊?，F在進行時態(tài)專項練習1、 寫出下列動詞的現在分詞形式take give ride pleasewin begin open lie stay work do spend listenlook make sufferput sit refuserun closetie operatedie 2、 用所給動詞的適當形式

52、填空1. Mary and Lucy are(dance) now.2. Listen! Someone is(play) the piano in the next room.3. He is(sweep) the floor at the moment.4. Look ! The cat(eat) the fish on the table.5. A:you(study) French ?B: Yes , I am.6. She often(dance) after school.7. My father and mother(swim) in the pond.8. My sister is(fly) a kite in the garden.9. We are(watch) TV now.10. Be quiet ! The baby(sleep) now.三、 改錯1. We are cl