1、數(shù)字電子電路綜合實(shí)驗(yàn)題目： LED點(diǎn)陣風(fēng)扇的設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)現(xiàn)實(shí)驗(yàn)報(bào)告學(xué)號(hào)： 姓名： 班級(jí)： 專(zhuān)業(yè)： 通信工程學(xué)院：信息與通信工程學(xué)院指導(dǎo)老師： 2015年11月7日LED點(diǎn)陣風(fēng)扇的設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)現(xiàn)一、實(shí)驗(yàn)要求基本要求：1.用8×8點(diǎn)陣模擬風(fēng)扇轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)，并用雙色點(diǎn)陣顯示。2.風(fēng)扇轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)方式包括四個(gè)點(diǎn)陣顯示狀態(tài)，并按順序循環(huán)顯示。風(fēng)扇轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)速度根據(jù)環(huán)境溫度分為4檔，其中1檔的四個(gè)顯示狀態(tài)之間的切換時(shí)間為2秒，2檔為1秒，3檔為0.5秒，4檔為靜止不動(dòng)。3.環(huán)境溫度通過(guò)2個(gè)BTN按鍵設(shè)置，一個(gè)用來(lái)增加，一個(gè)用來(lái)減少，溫度范圍可設(shè)置范圍為1040，溫度精度為1，并用兩個(gè)數(shù)碼管進(jìn)行溫度顯示，風(fēng)扇根據(jù)不同的溫度自動(dòng)

2、采用不同的轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)速度，其中2024對(duì)應(yīng)1檔，2529對(duì)應(yīng)2檔，3040對(duì)應(yīng)3檔，1019對(duì)應(yīng)4檔，用一個(gè)數(shù)碼管顯示檔位。4.定時(shí)模式：在風(fēng)扇不同轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)速度下，可以通過(guò)按鍵切換進(jìn)入定時(shí)模式。定時(shí)時(shí)間可設(shè)置范圍為2059秒，采用2個(gè)數(shù)碼管進(jìn)行倒計(jì)時(shí)顯示，當(dāng)?shù)褂?jì)時(shí)結(jié)束后，風(fēng)扇狀態(tài)保持靜止不動(dòng)。5.設(shè)置開(kāi)關(guān)鍵。風(fēng)扇開(kāi)機(jī)初始狀態(tài)為20、1檔，并有不小于5秒的開(kāi)機(jī)音樂(lè)，關(guān)機(jī)狀態(tài)為點(diǎn)陣全滅。提高要求：1.設(shè)計(jì)LED 風(fēng)扇的其他工作模式。2.利用實(shí)驗(yàn)板上的溫度傳感器代替按鍵直接獲取溫度數(shù)據(jù)，實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)LED 風(fēng)扇四檔轉(zhuǎn)速的自動(dòng)控制。3.用數(shù)碼管實(shí)時(shí)顯示溫度傳感器的溫度數(shù)據(jù)，精度為0.1。4.自擬其他功能。二、系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)

3、 1.設(shè)計(jì)思路 這次實(shí)驗(yàn)采用老師講過(guò)的自頂向下的設(shè)計(jì)方法來(lái)完成設(shè)計(jì)。為了實(shí)現(xiàn)電風(fēng)扇的功能，將系統(tǒng)分成多個(gè)模塊：控制器模塊：通過(guò)按鈕與開(kāi)關(guān)輸入開(kāi)關(guān)機(jī)、溫度、倒計(jì)時(shí)時(shí)間等信息，實(shí)現(xiàn)開(kāi)機(jī)音樂(lè)、溫度調(diào)整檔位切換功能、倒計(jì)時(shí)功能等。蜂鳴器模塊：通過(guò)蜂鳴器震動(dòng)，使開(kāi)機(jī)時(shí)播放不少于5s的音樂(lè)。分頻器模塊：分頻模塊把晶振（1000Hz）分成了500Hz,1000Hz,2000Hz傳給控制器，供電風(fēng)扇以不同檔位工作。LED點(diǎn)陣模塊：雙色點(diǎn)陣部分按時(shí)鐘周期對(duì)紅燈、綠燈分別進(jìn)行行掃描，以顯示風(fēng)扇的四個(gè)工作狀態(tài)，并在四個(gè)狀態(tài)間循環(huán)切換。倒計(jì)時(shí)模式切換模塊：用SW按鈕控制溫度與倒計(jì)時(shí)工作模式的切換。數(shù)碼管顯示模塊：通過(guò)

4、6個(gè)共陰極數(shù)碼管按時(shí)鐘周期持續(xù)掃描，一位顯示0，第二、三位顯示時(shí)間，第四位顯示檔位，第五、六位顯示溫度。防抖模塊：防止由于BTN按鈕本身原因1次輸入產(chǎn)生多個(gè)信號(hào)。 2.設(shè)計(jì)框圖點(diǎn)陣顯示分頻器控制器數(shù)碼管顯示三、波形圖1.蜂鳴器通過(guò)開(kāi)機(jī)鍵控制開(kāi)關(guān)，開(kāi)機(jī)后蜂鳴器響5s。2.數(shù)碼管通過(guò)一定頻率不斷掃描，6個(gè)數(shù)碼管均可以良好顯示數(shù)字，第一位顯示0，第二、三位顯示時(shí)間，第四位顯示檔位，第五、六位顯示溫度。3.分頻器4.點(diǎn)陣顯示四、源程序1.防抖文件library ieee;use ieee.std_logic_1164.all;use ieee.std_logic_unsigned.all;use ie

5、ee.std_logic_arith.all;entity fangdou ISport(clk:in std_logic; reset:in std_logic;resetn: out std_logic);END fangdou;architecture behave of fangdou issignal clk_tmp : std_logic;signal cnt : integer range 0 to 199999;signal tmp1,tmp2: std_logic;beginprocess(clk)beginif (clk'event and clk='1&#

6、39;) thenif cnt=199999 thencnt<=0;clk_tmp<= not clk_tmp;elsecnt<=cnt+1;end if;end if;end process;process(clk_tmp)beginif (clk_tmp'event and clk_tmp='0') thentmp2<=tmp1;tmp1<=key_in;end if;end process;key_out<=clk_tmp and tmp1 and (not tmp2);end behave;2.電風(fēng)扇use ieee.std_

7、logic_1164.all;use ieee.std_logic_unsigned.all;entity dianfengshan is port ( clk: in std_logic;-時(shí)鐘輸入 clear: in std_logic;-電風(fēng)扇開(kāi)關(guān) colr,colg,row:buffer std_logic_vector(7 downto 0); -LED點(diǎn)陣顯示 shu:out std_logic_vector(7 downto 0);-數(shù)碼管 cat:out std_logic_vector(5 downto 0);-數(shù)碼管行掃描 b1,b2: in std_logic;-溫度增減

8、 b3,b4: in std_logic;-時(shí)間增減 ton: in std_logic;-時(shí)間模式開(kāi)/關(guān) feng: out std_logic-蜂鳴器 ); end dianfengshan;architecture behave of dianfengshan is signal clk1,clk2,clk3,clk4:std_logic ;-分頻后的時(shí)鐘信號(hào) signal tup:std_logic:='0'-tup為1表示倒計(jì)時(shí)結(jié)束 signal kind,dang:integer range 0 to 3;-kind為風(fēng)扇的四個(gè)狀態(tài)，dang為模式 signal c

9、nt:integer range 0 to 7;-數(shù)碼管管位顯示 signal temp:integer range 10 to 40:=20;-溫度 signal a1,a2,a3,a4,a5:std_logic;-對(duì)應(yīng)b1,b2,b3,b4,ton防抖后的輸出 signal clock: std_logic;-電風(fēng)扇轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)的時(shí)鐘 signal t:integer range 0 to 59:=20;-時(shí)間 signal op:std_logic;-open，時(shí)間模式開(kāi)關(guān) signal beep: std_logic;-蜂鳴器信號(hào)component fangdou is-引用防抖模塊port(

10、clk: in std_logic;reset: in std_logic;resetn:out std_logic);end component; begin uo_1:fangdou port map(clk,b1,a1) ;uo_2:fangdou port map(clk,b2,a2);uo_3:fangdou port map(clk,b3,a3);uo_4:fangdou port map(clk,b4,a4);uo_5:fangdou port map(clk,ton,a5); p1:process(clk,clear)-分頻器variable tmp1:integer rang

11、e 0 to 999;variable tmp2:integer range 0 to 749;variable tmp3:integer range 0 to 499;variable tmp4:integer range 0 to 499;begin if clear = '0' then tmp1:=0; tmp2:=0; tmp3:=0; tmp4:=0; elseif clk'event and clk = '1' then if tmp1=999 then tmp1:=0;clk1<= not clk1; else tmp1:=tmp1

12、+1; end if; -對(duì)clk進(jìn)行2000分頻 if tmp2=749 then tmp2:=0;clk2<=not clk2; else tmp2:=tmp2+1; end if; -對(duì)clk進(jìn)行1500分頻 if tmp3=499 then tmp3:=0;clk3<=not clk3; else tmp3:=tmp3+1; end if; -對(duì)clk進(jìn)行1000分頻 if tmp4=499 then tmp4:=0;clk4<=not clk4; else tmp4:=tmp4+1; end if; end if;end process;p2: process(cl

13、k)-控制LED點(diǎn)陣的行掃描beginif clear = '1' then-電風(fēng)扇開(kāi)關(guān)開(kāi)著的時(shí)候if clk'event and clk = '0' then if cnt = 7 then cnt<=0; else cnt<= cnt+1; end if;end if;case cnt iswhen 0=>row<="01111111"-行掃描when 1=>row<="10111111"when 2=>row<="11011111"when

14、3=>row<="11101111"when 4=>row<="11110111"when 5=>row<="11111011"when 6=>row<="11111101"when 7=>row<="11111110"end case;else row<="11111111"end if;end process;p3:process(clk)-led顯示beginif clear = '1'

15、thenif kind = 0 then -電風(fēng)扇工作第一種狀態(tài)case row is when "01111111"=>colr<="10000000"colg<="00000001"when "10111111"=>colr<="01000000"colg<="00000010"when "11011111"=>colr<="00100000"colg<="000001

16、00"when "11101111"=>colr<="00010000"colg<="00001000"when "11110111"=>colr<="00001000"colg<="00010000"when "11111011"=>colr<="00000100"colg<="00100000"when "11111101"=&g

17、t;colr<="00000010"colg<="01000000"when others =>colr<="00000001"colg<="10000000"end case;elsif kind = 1 then-電風(fēng)扇工作第二種狀態(tài)case row is when "01111111"=>colr<="00010000"colg<="00000000"when "10111111"=

18、>colr<="00010000"colg<="00000000"when "11011111"=>colr<="00010000"colg<="00000000"when "11101111"=>colr<="00010000"colg<="00001111"when "11110111"=>colr<="00001000"col

19、g<="11110000"when "11111011"=>colr<="00001000"colg<="00000000"when "11111101"=>colr<="00001000"colg<="00000000"when others =>colr<="00001000"colg<="00000000"end case;elsif kind =2

20、then-電風(fēng)扇工作第三種狀態(tài)case row is when "01111111"=>colg<="10000000"colr<="00000001"when "10111111"=>colg<="01000000"colr<="00000010"when "11011111"=>colg<="00100000"colr<="00000100"when &quo

21、t;11101111"=>colg<="00010000"colr<="00001000"when "11110111"=>colg<="00001000"colr<="00010000"when "11111011"=>colg<="00000100"colr<="00100000"when "11111101"=>colg<="

22、00000010"colr<="01000000"when others =>colg<="00000001"colr<="10000000"end case;else-電風(fēng)扇工作第四種狀態(tài)case row is when "01111111"=>colr<="00000000"colg<="00010000"when "10111111"=>colr<="00000000"

23、;colg<="00010000"when "11011111"=>colr<="00000000"colg<="00010000"when "11101111"=>colr<="00001111"colg<="00010000"when "11110111"=>colr<="11110000"colg<="00001000"when &

24、quot;11111011"=>colr<="00000000"colg<="00001000"when "11111101"=>colr<="00000000"colg<="00001000"when others =>colr<="00000000"colg<="00001000"end case;end if;end if;end process;p4:process(a1,a2,a3,

25、a4,a5,clk)-溫度控制模塊beginif clear = '1' thenif clk'event and clk= '0'thenif a1='1' then-b1按鍵控制溫度增加if temp<40 thentemp<=temp+1;end if;elsif a2 = '1' then-b2按鍵控制溫度減少if temp>10 thenend if;end if;if tup<='0' then-倒計(jì)時(shí)沒(méi)結(jié)束時(shí)if temp>9 and temp<20 the

26、n-第4檔dang<=3;clock<='0'elsif temp>19 and temp<25 then-第1檔dang<=0;clock<=clk1; elsif temp>24 and temp<30 then-第2檔dang<=1;clock<=clk2; elsif temp>29 and temp<41 then-第3檔， dang<=2;clock<=clk3; else temp<=temp;end if;elsif tup<='1' thencloc

27、k<='0'-clock置0，風(fēng)扇靜止end if;end if;else temp<=20;clock<=clk1;dang <= 0;end if;end process;p5:process(clock)-風(fēng)扇四種狀態(tài)的切換beginif clear = '1' thenif clock'event and clock='1' thenif kind = 3 then-kind在0到3之間循環(huán)切換kind<=0;elsekind <= kind +1;end if;end if;end if;en

28、d process;p6:process(temp,t)-數(shù)碼管顯示variable c1,c2,c3,c4,c5,shu1:integer range 0 to 9;variable tmp:integer range 0 to 5;beginif clear = '1' thenc1:=temp rem 10;-c1顯示溫度的個(gè)位數(shù)c2:=temp/10;-c2顯示溫度的十位數(shù)c3:=dang+1;-c3顯示檔位，即dang+1c4:=t rem 10;-c4顯示時(shí)間的個(gè)位數(shù)c5:=t/10; -c5顯示時(shí)間的十位數(shù)if clk'event and clk = &#

29、39;1' then-數(shù)碼管掃描if tmp = 5 thentmp := 0;else tmp:=tmp+1;end if;end if;case tmp is when 0=>cat<="111110"shu1:=c1; when 1=>cat<="111101"shu1:=c2;when 2=>cat<="111011"shu1:=c3;when 3=>cat<="110111"shu1:=c4;when 4=>cat<="1011

30、11"shu1:=c5;when 5=>cat<="011111"shu1:=0;end case;case shu1 is-數(shù)碼管對(duì)10個(gè)數(shù)的顯示when 0=>shu<="11111100"when 1=>shu<="01100000"when 2=>shu<="11011010"when 3=>shu<="11110010"when 4=>shu<="01100110"when 5=>

31、;shu<="10110110"when 6=>shu<="10111110"when 7=>shu<="11100000"when 8=>shu<="11111110"when 9=>shu<="11110110"end case;else cat<="111111"end if;end process;p7:process(a3,a4,clk4,op)-時(shí)間控制模塊variable tmp:integer ran

32、ge 0 to 999;beginif clear = '1' thenif clk'event and clk ='0' thenif op = '0' thenif a3='1' then-b3按鍵增加時(shí)間if t<59 then t<=t+1;end if;elsif a4='1' then -b4按鍵減少時(shí)間if t>20 thent<=t-1;end if;end if;elsif op = '1' then if tmp = 999 then tmp:=0

33、;if t>0 then t<= t-1;elsif t=0 thent<=0;tup<='1' -t=0，倒計(jì)時(shí)結(jié)束end if ;else tmp:=tmp + 1;end if;end if;end if;else t<= 20; -總開(kāi)關(guān)關(guān)閉后，對(duì)時(shí)間進(jìn)行重置end if;end process;p8:process(a5) -b5按鍵按下之后更改倒計(jì)時(shí)模式beginif clear = '1' then if a5'event and a5='1' thenop<=not op; end if

34、;else op <='0'end if;end process;p9:process(clk,clk4)-蜂鳴器模塊，開(kāi)機(jī)音樂(lè)variable f: integer range 0 to 999; variable a: integer range 0 to 5; -開(kāi)機(jī)音樂(lè)5秒鐘variable b:integer range 0 to 2;variable c:integer range 0 to 3;variable d: integer range 0 to 4;variable e: integer range 0 to 1; beginif clear =&

35、#39;1'thenif clk'event and clk = '1' thenif f = 999 then f:=0;if a = 5 then a:=5;else a:=a+1; end if;else f:=f+1;end if;if b = 2 then b:=0;else b:=b+1;end if;if c = 3 then c:=0;else c:=c+1;end if;if d = 4 then d:=0;else d:=d+1;end if;if e = 1 then e:=0;else e:=e+1;end if; if a = 5 then beep<= '0' -5秒后，