語(yǔ)法填空專練(一)閱讀下列短文，按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語(yǔ)法性和上下文連貫的要求，在空格處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或使用括號(hào)中詞語(yǔ)的正確形式填空。ARobinson Crusoe is an English sailor. After many adventures and dangers, he comes to Brazil, 1. _ he settles down and becomes a plantation owner. But the call of the sea is still too strong for him and he begins 2. _ voyage to West Africa, for the purpose of trading with the natives. During a storm, the ship 3. _ (destroy) off the coast of an island without people, and he alone manages to swim ashore, 4. _ all the rest of the crew are drowned. He builds himself a house, and lives first by hunting, then raising livestock (牲畜) and crops. He saves a savage (野人) from the hands of cannibals (食人者), gives 5. _ the name Friday, and makes him into a perfect servant. After some time he rescues three more 6. _ (prison) from the cannibals. For many years he manages to live on the island. One day 7. _ English ship visits the island, its crew intending to leave the captain and his officers ashore. Robinson succeeds 8. _ helping the captain regain control of the ship.Robinson, 9. _ (take) Friday with him, is invited aboard the ship and returns to England. After some years he revisits his island colony, 10. _ is becoming more and more prosperous, but Friday is killed during an attack by the Indians.BJoseph Henry was an American scientist. He served as 1. _ first Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution. He used to tell a rather strange story about his childhood. His grandmother, 2. _ raised him, once paid a cobbler (制鞋匠) to make him a pair of shoes.The man measured 3. _ feet and told Joseph that he could choose between two styles: a rounded toe (足尖部) 4. _ a square toe. Little Joseph couldnt decide. It seemed to be such a huge decision; after all, they 5. _ (become) his only pair of shoes for a long time.The cobbler allowed him 6. _ (take) a couple of days to make 7. _ his mind. Day after day, Joseph went into the shop, sometimes three or four times a day! Each time he looked over the cobblers shoes and tried to decide. The rounded-toed shoes were more 8. _ (practice), but the square-toed shoes looked much 9. _ (nice). He continued to hesitate and couldnt decide!Finally, one day he went into the shop and the cobbler handed him a small package 10. _ was wrapped in brown paper. His new shoes! He raced home. He tore off the wrapping and found a beautiful pair of leather shoes one with a rounded toe and the other with a square toe.CA few close friends meant more than the best medical facilities in the world.When Harry Truman was pushed into the US presidency after the death 1. _ Franklin Roosevelt, a colleague and friend Congressman (國(guó)會(huì)議員) Sam Rayburn of Bonham, Texas 2. _ (give) Truman some fatherly advice.Rayburn said, “Harry, from here on out, youre going to have lots of people around you, 3. _ will try to put a wall around you and cut you off from any ideas but theirs. Theyll tell you what a great man you are, Harry. But you and I 4. _ know you arent.” Friends can say those things to each other.Later, when Sam Rayburn discovered that he was seriously ill, he told his friends in Congress that he was going home to Bonham for medical tests. “5. _ there are excellent doctors and medical facilities in Washington, D.C.,” some of them argued. “Why would you want 6. _ (go) to Bonham?”“Because,” the congressman replied, “Bonham is a place 7. _ people know it when youre sick.”Rayburn had a need 8. _ (great) than good medical assistance. He needed friends. Someone to ask what his grandchildren were doing. Someone to sit by him and stop by his home. Someone to care.Who is such 9. _ friend to you? That person is more valuable than your greatest 10. _ (possess).Have you said “thanks”?DSign language has been used by deaf communities since ancient times. 1. _ some of these have become standardized to a degree at national level in recent times, each group developed its own set of signs. But the result is 2. _ there are a lot of different systems around the world. American Sign Language is very different 3. _ British Sign Language. For centuries deaf children were dismissed as unteachable but in the early 17th century Juan Pablo Bonet 4. _ (give) the task of teaching the deaf and dumb children of his 5. _ (wealth) employer. He developed a system of signing the alphabet, 6. _ he published in 1620. Many hearing teachers of the deaf took the view that sign language held deaf children back. 7. _ favored the “oral system”: teaching deaf children to speak. From the 1880s signing was banned for nearly 8. _ century in deaf schools and even in families in many parts of the world.In the 1970s, the pioneering work of Doctor William C. Stokoe proved that sign language possessed enough features 9. _ (consider) a language in its own right. Since then, signing has regained its respectability around the world. It has been reintroduced into schools, and now appears 10. _ (increase) on television and at theatre performances.EThe two features of life in England that possibly give visitors the worst impressions are the English weather and English cooking. 1. _ former is a natural phenomenon and nobody can do anything about it. But cooking is something 2. _ can be learned. English food has often been described as 3. _ (taste). Recently, the situation has changed somewhat because so many people have been spending their holidays abroad and 4. _ (learn) to appreciate unfamiliar dishes. One of the traditional complaints about English food is the way that vegetables are cooked. The only way that many British housewives know to cook green vegetables is 5. _ (boil) them for too long in too much salt water and then to throw the water away so that all the vitamins are lost. To make matters 6. _ (bad), they do not strain the vegetables sufficiently so that 7. _ appear as a wet mass on the plate.However, it would be unfair to say that all English food is bad. Indeed not only the raw ingredients are usually 8. _ very high quality, especially the meat and fish, 9. _ many traditional British dishes are as good as anything you can get anywhere. A visitor, 10. _ is invited to an English home might well enjoy steak and kidney pudding or pie, all sorts of smoked fish .FWhy does something that smells so good taste so bad? Whenever you walk past a caf you might be drawn in by the smell of 1. _ (fresh) made coffee, but the minute you try this dark drink you will regret 2. _, because it is bitter. Many people are confused by this phenomenon, but now scientists say they have figured out the answer it lies 3. _ our “second sense of smell”. We have got two senses of smell. One is 4. _ we breathe in things from the environment, and the other is when the air comes up the nose and 5. _ (breathe) out through the nose.In fact the second sense of smell plays a big part in our eating experiences. It may be common sense that we smell through our nose and taste 6. _ (use) our tongue. But the truth is 7. _ 80% of what we think of as taste actually reaches us through smell. Just hold your nose while eating and you will notice that your tongue can only catch 8. _ very small part of the flavor. The mismatch (不一致) between our two senses of smell doesnt always have unpleasant results, such 9. _ durians and some cheese. They are 10. _ (smelly) than the stinking (惡臭的) fish, but once they are in your mouth, you are experiencing the smell through the nose in the other direction. It is delicious.答案:A1. where 2. another 3. is destroyed 4. while 5. him6. prisoners 7. an 8. in 9. taking 10. whichB1. the2. who 3. his 4. or 5. would become 6. to take 7. up 8. practical 9. nicer 10. which / that C1. of 2. gave 3. who 4. both 5. But 6. to go 7. where 8. greater 9. a 10. possessionD1. Although / Though 2. that 3. from 4. was given 5. wealthy 6. which 7. They 8. a9. to be considered 10. increasinglyE1. The 2. that 3. tasteless 4. learning 5. to boil6. worse 7. they 8. of 9. but 10. whoF1. freshly 2. it 3. in 4. when 5. is breathed 6. using 7. that 8. a 9. as 10. smellier解析:A1. where。考查關(guān)系詞。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句且在從句中作狀語(yǔ)，修飾先行詞Brazil，故用where。2. another?？疾橄薅ㄔ~。由于大海對(duì)魯濱遜的吸引力太大，所以他開始“再一次的”航海。3. is destroyed?？疾闀r(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境可知此處要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，且ship與destroy 之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用is destroyed。4. while。考查連詞。兩個(gè)分句之間是對(duì)比關(guān)系，故用while。5. him。考查代詞。him指代Friday。6. prisoners?？疾槊~。由rescues 及three 可知，在此用prisoners。7. an?？疾楣谠~。English ship在此表泛指，故用an。8. in?？疾榻樵~。succeed in doing sth. 表示“成功做成某事”。9. taking?？疾榉侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。Robinson與take之間為主謂關(guān)系，且take所表示的動(dòng)作與is invited 同時(shí)發(fā)生，故用taking。10. which?？疾殛P(guān)系詞。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞his island colony，故用which。B1. the?？疾楣谠~。由served as 及Secretary 可知，first 前用the 表示“第一”。2. who?？疾殛P(guān)系詞。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞His grandmother，且在從句中作主語(yǔ)，故用who。3. his?？疾榇~。制鞋匠量了Joseph Henry的腳，故用his指代Joseph Henrys。4. or?？疾檫B詞。根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境可知此處是選擇關(guān)系，故用or。5. would become?？疾闀r(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境可知鞋那時(shí)尚未被制作，故此處要用過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)。6. to take。考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。allow sb. to do sth. 表示“允許某人做某事”。7. up。考查固定短語(yǔ)。make up ones mind表示“下定決心”。8. practical。考查形容詞。由were more可知在此用形容詞作表語(yǔ)。9. nicer?？疾楸容^等級(jí)。由much可知，在此用nice的比較級(jí)。10. which / that?？疾殛P(guān)系詞。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞a small package，故用which / that。C1. of。考查介詞。after the death of sb. 意為“在某人死后”。2. gave?？疾闀r(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)When從句的時(shí)態(tài)可知此處要用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。3. who。考查關(guān)系詞。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞people，故用who。4. both?？疾榇~。由you and I可知在此用both。5. But?？疾檫B詞。根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境和句意可知此處是表示驚訝和反對(duì)，故用But。6. to go?？疾榉侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。want to do sth. 表示“想做某事”。7. where?？疾殛P(guān)系詞。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句且在從句中作狀語(yǔ)，修飾先行詞a place，故用where。8. greater?？疾楸容^等級(jí)。由than可知在此用great的比較級(jí)。9. a。考查冠詞。friend 在此表泛指且由such 可知在此用a。10. possession。考查名詞。由greatest可知，在此用名詞。D1. Although / Though?？疾檫B詞。主從句之間是讓步關(guān)系，故用Although / Though。2. that?？疾檫B詞。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，且從句不缺少任何成分，故用that。3. from?？疾榻樵~。由語(yǔ)境及different 可知，在此用from。be different from表示“與不同”。4. was given。考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。根據(jù)in the early 17 th century可知此處要用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，且由語(yǔ)境可知Juan Pablo Bonet與give之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用was given。5. wealthy?？疾樾稳菰~。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知在此用形容詞修飾employer, 故用wealthy。6. which?？疾殛P(guān)系詞。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞alphabet，故用which。7. They。考查代詞。設(shè)空處指代上文的teachers，故用They。8. a。考查冠詞。century