2025年考研英語（一）閱讀理解備考必看：真題匯編與高分秘籍考試時間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______模擬試卷一、閱讀理解閱讀下列短文，回答問題。文章一Theriseofartificialintelligence(AI)hassparkedwidespreadconcernaboutitspotentialdisplacementofhumanworkers.WhilesomearguethatAIwillprimarilyautomateroutinetasks,leadingtothecreationofnewjobs,othersfearafuturewheremachinesincreasinglytakeoverrolesrequiringcognitiveabilities.ThislatterviewsuggeststhatAIcouldleadtosignificantjoblossesandexacerbateeconomicinequalityifproactivemeasuresarenottaken.ProponentsofAIoftenpointtohistoricalparallels,arguingthatpasttechnologicalrevolutions,suchastheIndustrialRevolution,initiallycausedjobdisplacementbutultimatelyledtoeconomicgrowthandthecreationofnewindustriesandemploymentopportunities.TheysuggestthatAIwillfollowasimilarpath,automatingmundanetasksandallowinghumanstofocusonmorecreativeandcomplexwork.However,criticscounterthatthecurrentpaceandscopeofAIdevelopmentmayoutstriphumanadaptationcapabilities,leadingtoamoreabruptandseverejobtransitionthanseeninthepast.OnekeyareaofconcernistheimpactofAIonjobsrequiringcriticalthinking,problem-solving,andemotionalintelligence.Fieldssuchashealthcare,education,andlegalservicesofteninvolvenuancedhumaninteractionandcomplexdecision-makingthatcurrentAIsystemsstruggletoreplicateeffectively.IfAIweretomasterthesetasks,itcouldpotentiallyrendermanyhumanprofessionalsobsolete.Furthermore,theconcentrationofAIdevelopmentanddeploymentinhigh-skilledsectorsmaydisproportionatelyaffectworkersinthesefields,whilelow-skilledworkersmayfaceautomationofsimplertasks.TomitigatethepotentialnegativeimpactsofAI,policymakersareexploringvariousstrategies.Theseincludeinvestingineducationandtrainingprogramstohelpworkersadapttothechangingjobmarket,implementingpoliciestosupportdisplacedworkersthroughunemploymentbenefitsorretraininginitiatives,andpromotingthedevelopmentofAIinawaythatcomplementshumanskillsratherthanreplacesthem.Additionally,fosteringacultureoflifelonglearningandadaptabilitywillbecrucialforindividualstoremaincompetitiveinanAI-driveneconomy.Questions:1.Accordingtothepassage,whatistheprimarydifferencebetweentheperspectivesofAIproponentsandcriticsregardingitsimpactonemployment?2.Theword"exacerbate"inthesecondparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:3.WhichofthefollowingfieldsismentionedaspotentiallybeingsignificantlyaffectedbyAIaccordingtothepassage?4.WhatspecificmeasuresaresuggestedinthepassagetoaddressthechallengesposedbyAItotheworkforce?5.Basedontheinformationprovided,whatistheauthor'smainconcernabouttheintegrationofAIintotheeconomy?文章二Inrecentyears,theconceptofsustainabilityhasmovedfromthefringesofpublicdiscoursetothecenterofglobalpolicydiscussions.Drivenbygrowingawarenessofenvironmentaldegradation,climatechange,andresourcedepletion,governments,businesses,andindividualsareincreasinglyseekingwaystoadoptmoresustainablepractices.Thisshiftreflectsarecognitionthatlong-termeconomicprosperityandsocialwell-beingareinextricablylinkedtoenvironmentalstewardship.Oneofthemostsignificantchallengestoachievingsustainabilityistheprevalenceofshort-termthinkinginbotheconomicandpoliticalsystems.Short-termfinancialgainsoftentakeprecedenceoverlong-termenvironmentalconsiderations,leadingtopracticesthatdepletenaturalresourcesandcontributetopollution.Moreover,politicalcyclescanincentivizeleaderstofocusonimmediateissuesratherthanimplementingpolicieswithlonger-termbenefits,suchasinvestmentsinrenewableenergyinfrastructureorcarbonreductioninitiatives.Despitethesechallenges,therearepromisingsignsthatsustainabilityisgainingtraction.Manycompaniesareadoptingcorporatesocialresponsibility(CSR)frameworks,integratingenvironmentalandsocialconsiderationsintotheirbusinessmodels.Theseeffortsnotonlyaimtoreducethenegativeimpactofbusinessoperationsbutalsooftenleadtoinnovationandcostsavings.Additionally,consumerdemandforsustainableproductshasbeengrowing,pushingcompaniestodevelopmoreenvironmentallyfriendlyalternatives.Achievingtruesustainability,however,requiresaholisticapproachthatgoesbeyondindividualactionsorcorporateinitiatives.Itnecessitatessystemicchangesacrossalllevelsofsociety,includingshiftsinenergyproduction,transportationsystems,andconsumptionpatterns.Governmentsplayacrucialroleinsettingregulationsandprovidingincentivesthatencouragesustainablepractices,suchassubsidiesforrenewableenergyortaxesoncarbonemissions.Educationisalsovital,asfosteringacultureofsustainabilityamongyoungergenerationswillbeessentialforcreatingamoreenvironmentallyconsciousfuture.Questions:6.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?7.Accordingtothepassage,whatisoneofthebiggestobstaclestoachievingsustainability?8.Theword"inexorably"inthesecondparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:9.Whichofthefollowingismentionedasapositivetrendsupportingsustainabilityefforts?10.Basedonthepassage,whatdoesachievingtruesustainabilityrequire?文章三Thedigitalagehasrevolutionizedthewayweaccessandconsumeinformation,butithasalsointroducednewchallengesrelatedtomisinformationandtheerosionoftrust.Theeasewithwhichfalseormisleadinginformationcanbecreatedanddisseminatedonlinehascreatedanenvironmentwheredistinguishingfactfromfictionhasbecomeincreasinglydifficult.Thisphenomenonposesasignificantthreattoinformedpublicdiscourseanddemocraticprocesses.Socialmediaplatformshavebeenparticularlyimplicatedinthespreadofmisinformation.Whiletheseplatformshavethepotentialtoconnectpeopleandfacilitatethesharingofinformation,theiralgorithmsaredesignedtomaximizeuserengagement,oftenprioritizingsensationaloremotionallychargedcontentoveraccuracy.Thiscancreateechochamberswhereusersareprimarilyexposedtoinformationthatconfirmstheirexistingbeliefs,furtherpolarizingsocietyandmakingithardertoreachconsensusonimportantissues.Journalistsandtraditionalmediaoutletshavealsofacedcriticismfortheirroleinthemisinformationlandscape.Somehavebeenaccusedofprioritizingclicksandratingsoverfactualreporting,leadingtothepublicationofinaccurateorbiasedinformation.Additionally,thespeedatwhichnewsisnowexpectedtobebrokenhassometimesresultedinerrorsortheprematurereleaseofunverifiedinformation.Combattingmisinformationrequiresamultifacetedapproach.Educationalinitiativesarecrucialforpromotingmedialiteracy,teachingpeoplehowtocriticallyevaluateinformationandidentifypotentialbiases.Technologycanalsoplayarole,withdevelopersworkingontoolstodetectandflagfalsecontent.However,theseeffortsneedtobecomplementedbyregulatoryframeworksthatholdplatformsandmediaoutletsaccountablefortheinformationtheydisseminate.Ultimately,fosteringacultureoftruthandcriticalthinkingisessentialfornavigatingthechallengesofthedigitalage.Questions:11.Whatisthecentralthemeofthepassage?12.Accordingtothepassage,whathasbeenaconsequenceofthedesignofsocialmediaalgorithms?13.Theword"implicated"inthethirdparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:14.Whichofthefollowingismentionedasastrategytocombatmisinformation?15.Basedonthepassage,whatistheauthor'sviewontheroleofeducationinaddressingthemisinformationproblem?二、翻譯將下列英文短文翻譯成中文：Therapidadvancementoftechnologyhasprofoundlyreshapedourlives,bringingunprecedentedconvenienceandefficiency.However,thisdigitaltransformationhasalsogivenrisetonewethicaldilemmasthatdemandcarefulconsideration.Issuessuchasdataprivacy,algorithmicbias,andthepotentialdisplacementofjobsduetoautomationarejustafewexamplesofthecomplexchallengeswefaceintheageofAI.Aswenavigatethisrapidlyevolvinglandscape,itiscrucialtoengageinthoughtfuldialogueanddeveloprobustethicalframeworkstoguideouruseoftechnologyinawaythatmaximizesitsbenefitswhileminimizingitsrisks.Ensuringthattechnologyserveshumanityratherthanunderminesitsvalueswillbeadefiningtaskofourtime.---試卷答案一、閱讀理解文章一1.ProponentsbelieveAIwillcreatenewjobs,whilecriticsfearsignificantjoblossesduetoAItakingoverrolesrequiringcognitiveabilities.*解析思路：文章第一段明確指出支持者認(rèn)為AI會創(chuàng)造新工作，而批評者擔(dān)心AI會取代需要認(rèn)知能力的工作，導(dǎo)致重大失業(yè)。對比兩者觀點(diǎn)的核心差異在于對AI影響就業(yè)的最終結(jié)果判斷。2.Intensifyorworsen.*解析思路：根據(jù)上下文，“exacerbateeconomicinequality”指的是加劇經(jīng)濟(jì)不平等。選項中“intensify”（加?。┖汀皐orsen”（惡化）與“exacerbate”意思最接近。3.Healthcare,education,andlegalservices.*解析思路：文章第四段明確提到了這些領(lǐng)域涉及需要批判性思維、解決問題能力和情商的任務(wù)，并指出如果AI能掌握這些任務(wù)，這些人類專業(yè)人士可能變得過時。4.Investingineducationandtraining,implementingpoliciestosupportdisplacedworkers,promotingAIthatcomplementshumanskills.*解析思路：文章第四段列出了政策制定者正在探索的策略，包括投資教育和培訓(xùn)項目、實(shí)施支持失業(yè)工人的政策、以及促進(jìn)開發(fā)補(bǔ)充人類技能而非取代它們的AI。5.ThatAIcouldleadtosignificantjoblossesandexacerbateeconomicinequalityifproactivemeasuresarenottaken.*解析思路：文章首段末尾提出了核心擔(dān)憂，即如果不采取積極措施，AI可能導(dǎo)致重大失業(yè)并加劇經(jīng)濟(jì)不平等。這是作者在文中反復(fù)強(qiáng)調(diào)的主要關(guān)切點(diǎn)。文章二6.Sustainabilityisbecomingacentralfocusofglobalpolicydiscussionsduetoconcernsaboutenvironmentalandsocialissues,requiringsystemicchanges.*解析思路：文章首段指出可持續(xù)性已成為全球政策討論的核心，因為它與環(huán)境和社會問題有關(guān)，并需要系統(tǒng)性的變革。這概括了全文的主要觀點(diǎn)。選項應(yīng)涵蓋“核心焦點(diǎn)”、“原因”和“要求”這三個關(guān)鍵信息點(diǎn)。7.Short-termthinkingineconomicandpoliticalsystems,whereimmediatefinancialorpoliticalgainsprioritizeoverlong-termenvironmentalconsiderations.*解析思路：文章第二段明確指出，經(jīng)濟(jì)和政治體系中存在的短視思維是最大的障礙，即為了眼前的經(jīng)濟(jì)或政治利益，忽視了長遠(yuǎn)的環(huán)?？紤]。8.Inevitablyornecessarily.*解析思路：根據(jù)上下文，“inextricablylinked”意為無法分割地聯(lián)系在一起，即必然聯(lián)系或必然相關(guān)。選項中“inevitably”（不可避免地）和“necessarily”（必然地）與其含義最接近。9.Manycompaniesadoptingcorporatesocialresponsibility(CSR)frameworksandintegratingenvironmentalandsocialconsiderationsintotheirbusinessmodels.*解析思路：文章第三段明確提到了企業(yè)采用企業(yè)社會責(zé)任（CSR）框架，并將環(huán)境和社會考慮納入其商業(yè)模式，這是一個支持可持續(xù)發(fā)展的積極趨勢。10.Systemicchangesacrossalllevelsofsociety,includingshiftsinenergyproduction,transportation,