2025年考研英語（一）閱讀理解專項訓(xùn)練卷：詞匯語法綜合訓(xùn)練，強化閱讀理解技巧考試時間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______PartIReadingComprehensionDirections:Thereare4passagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneTherapidadvancementofartificialintelligence(AI)haspromptedconcernsaboutitsimpactonthejobmarket.WhilesomearguethatAIwillcreatemorejobsthanitdestroys,otherswarnofwidespreadunemploymentasmachinesbecomecapableofperformingtaskstraditionallydonebyhumans.Arecentstudybyeconomistsataleadinguniversitysuggestsamorenuancedpicture,indicatingthattheneteffectonemploymentwilldependlargelyonhowsocietyadaptstothesetechnologicalchanges.OneofthekeyargumentsagainstAIisthatitwillautomatemanyjobs,particularlyinmanufacturingandadministrativesectors.Forinstance,robotsinfactoriescanoperatewithgreaterprecisionandspeedthanhumanworkers,leadingtoreducedlaborcostsforcompanies.Similarly,AI-poweredsoftwarecanhandleroutineadministrativetaskssuchasdataentryandscheduling,potentiallydisplacingasignificantnumberofofficeworkers.However,proponentsofAIcounterthatthesejobswillbereplacedbynewonesinfieldsrelatedtoAIdevelopment,maintenance,andoversight.Thestudyfoundthatwhilesomejobsmaybelost,thecreationofnewrolescouldoffsettheselosses,especiallyinemergingindustrieslikeAIethicsandAIgovernance.TheadaptabilityoftheworkforcewillalsoplayacrucialroleindeterminingtheimpactofAIonemployment.IfworkerscanberetrainedtoworkalongsideAIsystemsorinnewindustriesthatemergeasaresultofAI,thenegativeeffectsonemploymentmaybemitigated.Conversely,ifworkersareunableorunwillingtoadapt,thetransitioncouldbemoredisruptive.ThestudysuggeststhatgovernmentpoliciesaimedatfacilitatingretrainingandeducationprogramscouldbeessentialinensuringasmoothertransitiontoanAI-driveneconomy.Ultimately,thefutureofemploymentintheageofAIwillhingeonacombinationoftechnologicalinnovation,economicpolicies,andindividualadaptability.Whilethedisplacementofcertainjobsisinevitable,thecreationofnewopportunitiessuggeststhattheimpactonemploymentmaynotbeasdireassomefear.ThechallengeforsocietywillbetonavigatethistransitioninawaythatmaximizesthebenefitsofAIwhileminimizingitspotentialdownsides.Questions:1.WhatisthemainconcernraisedbycriticsofAIregardingthejobmarket?2.AccordingtotheproponentsofAI,whatkindofjobsmightemergeasaresultofAIadvancements?3.Whatfactor,accordingtothestudy,couldsignificantlyinfluencetheimpactofAIonemployment?4.WhatisthekeychallengementionedinthepassageforsocietyintheageofAI?PassageTwoInrecentyears,theconceptofsustainabilityhasgainedsignificanttractionintheglobalconsciousness.Drivenbygrowingconcernsaboutclimatechange,resourcedepletion,andenvironmentaldegradation,individuals,businesses,andgovernmentsareincreasinglyseekingwaystoadoptmoresustainablepractices.Whileprogresshasbeenmadeincertainareas,suchasrenewableenergyadoption,challengesremaininfullyintegratingsustainabilityintoallaspectsofsociety.Oneoftheprimaryobstaclestoachievingsustainabilityistheprevalenceofshort-termthinking.Manybusinesses,focusedonquarterlyprofits,maybereluctanttoinvestinsustainabletechnologiesorpracticesthatcouldyieldbenefitsonlyinthelongterm.Similarly,individualsmaybehesitanttomakechangestotheirlifestylethatcouldbeperceivedascostlyorinconvenientintheshortterm.Thisshort-termfocusoftenleadstodecisionsthataredetrimentaltotheenvironmentinthelongrun.Anotherchallengeisthelackofawarenessandeducationaboutsustainablepractices.Whileawarenessofenvironmentalissueshasincreased,manypeoplestilllackacomprehensiveunderstandingofhowtheirdailyactionsimpacttheenvironment.Withoutthisunderstanding,itcanbedifficulttomotivateindividualstomakesustainablechoices.Educationcampaignsandpublicawarenessinitiativesarethereforeessentialinpromotingacultureofsustainability.Despitethesechallenges,therearesignsofhope.Manybusinessesarerecognizingthebenefitsofsustainability,notjustfortheenvironmentbutalsofortheirbottomline.Sustainablepracticescanleadtocostsavingsthroughreducedresourceconsumptionandincreasedefficiency.Additionally,consumersareincreasinglydemandingproductsandservicesthatareenvironmentallyfriendly,creatingamarketincentiveforbusinessestoadoptsustainablepractices.Inconclusion,whilethepathtosustainabilityisfraughtwithchallenges,thegrowingrecognitionofitsimportancesuggeststhatprogressispossible.Byaddressingissuessuchasshort-termthinkingandlackofawareness,andbyleveragingtheincentivesofcostsavingsandconsumerdemand,societycanmoveclosertoamoresustainablefuture.Questions:5.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?6.Accordingtothepassage,whatisoneoftheprimaryobstaclestoachievingsustainability?7.Whatroledoeducationcampaignsplayinpromotingsustainability?8.Whatincentivesarementionedinthepassagethatcouldencouragebusinessestoadoptsustainablepractices?PassageThreeTheriseofsocialmediahasfundamentallyalteredthewaypeoplecommunicate,shareinformation,andconsumemedia.Whilesocialmediaplatformshaveconnectedpeopleacrosstheglobeandfacilitatedtherapidspreadofinformation,theyhavealsogivenrisetonewchallenges,particularlyintherealmofmisinformationanditsimpactonpublicdiscourse.Oneofthemostsignificantchallengesposedbysocialmediaisthespreadoffalseandmisleadinginformation.Thelowbarriertoentryandthespeedatwhichinformationcanbesharedontheseplatformshavemadeiteasierformisinformationtospreadrapidly,oftenwithfar-reachingconsequences.Forexample,falsenewsstoriescaninfluencepublicopinion,impactelections,andeveninciteviolence.Thestudyofsocialmediabehaviorhasrevealedthatpeopleareoftenmoresusceptibletobelievingmisinformationthatalignswiththeirpre-existingbeliefs,aphenomenonknownasconfirmationbias.Anotherissueistheechochambersandfilterbubblesthatoftenformonsocialmediaplatforms.Thesephenomenaoccurwhenalgorithmsprioritizeshowinguserscontentthatconfirmstheirexistingviews,effectivelyisolatingthemfromdiverseperspectives.Whilethiscancreateasenseofcommunityamonglike-mindedindividuals,itcanalsoleadtopolarizationandalackofunderstandingbetweendifferentgroups.Despitethesechallenges,socialmediaplatformsarealsotakingstepstoaddresstheissueofmisinformation.Manyplatformshaveimplementedalgorithmstodetectandremovefalsecontent,andtheyhavecreatedfact-checkinginitiativestoprovideuserswithaccurateinformation.Additionally,therehavebeencallsforgreaterregulationofsocialmediatopreventthespreadofharmfulcontent.However,theeffectivenessofthesemeasuresisstillasubjectofdebate,andtheissueofmisinformationonsocialmediaremainsacomplexandongoingchallenge.Inconclusion,whilesocialmediahastransformedthewaywecommunicateandconsumeinformation,ithasalsointroducednewchallengesrelatedtomisinformationanditsimpactonpublicdiscourse.Addressingthesechallengeswillrequireamultifacetedapproachinvolvingplatformregulation,usereducation,andthedevelopmentofmoresophisticatedalgorithmstopromoteaccurateanddiversecontent.Questions:9.Whatisoneofthemostsignificantchallengesposedbysocialmediaaccordingtothepassage?10.Whatisconfirmationbias,asmentionedinthepassage?11.Whatstepsarebeingtakenbysocialmediaplatformstoaddresstheissueofmisinformation?12.Whatisthemainargumentofthepassageregardingthefutureofsocialmedia?PassageFourTheimportanceofphysicalexerciseinmaintainingoverallhealthandwell-beinghasbeenwidelyrecognizedfordecades.However,despitethisknowledge,manypeoplearoundtheworldleadsedentarylifestyles,whichcanleadtoahostofhealthproblems,includingobesity,cardiovasculardisease,anddiabetes.Recentresearchhashighlightedtheurgentneedforinterventionstopromotephysicalactivityandcombatthegrowingprevalenceofsedentarybehaviors.Oneofthekeyreasonsforthelackofphysicalactivityisthemodernlifestyle,whichofteninvolveslonghoursofsittingatadesk,commuting,andengaginginothersedentarybehaviors.Theriseoftechnologyandtheinternethasfurthercontributedtothistrend,asmanypeoplespendhourseachdayusingcomputers,smartphones,andotherdevices.Whiletechnologyhasbroughtmanybenefits,ithasalsomadeiteasiertoleadasedentarylife.Anotherfactoristhelackofaccesstosafeandaccessibleenvironmentsforphysicalactivity.Inmanycommunities,thereisalackofparks,recreationalfacilities,andsafespacesforexercise.Additionally,thecostofgymmembershipsandfitnessequipmentcanbeprohibitiveforsomepeople,makingitdifficultforthemtoengageinregularphysicalactivity.Toaddressthesechallenges,publichealthinitiativesareincreasinglyfocusingonpromotingphysicalactivityinschools,workplaces,andcommunities.Forexample,schoolsareincorporatingmorephysicaleducationintotheircurricula,andworkplacesareimplementingprogramstoencourageemployeestotakebreaksandengageinregularexercise.Communityprogramsarealsobeingdevelopedtoprovidesafeandaffordablespacesforphysicalactivity.Inconclusion,thelackofphysicalactivityisagrowingproblemthatcanhaveseriousconsequencesforindividualhealthandwell-being.Bypromotingphysicalactivitythroughpublichealthinitiativesandcreatingenvironmentsthatsupportactivelifestyles,societycantakestepstocombatthenegativeeffectsofsedentarybehaviorandimprovethehealthofitscitizens.Questions:13.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?14.Accordingtothepassage,whatisoneofthekeyreasonsforthelackofphysicalactivity?15.Whatroledopublichealthinitiativesplayinpromotingphysicalactivity?16.Whatisthemainargumentofthepassageregardingthefutureofphysicalactivity?PartIITranslationDirections:PutthefollowingpassageintoEnglish.WriteyourtranslationonAnswerSheet2.中國傳統(tǒng)文化強調(diào)和諧，主張人與自然、人與人之間的和諧相處。在現(xiàn)代社會，這一理念對于解決環(huán)境問題、促進(jìn)社會和諧具有重要意義。例如，傳統(tǒng)園林的設(shè)計就體現(xiàn)了這一思想，園中的山石、水體、植物等元素相互映襯，形成一種和諧的整體。這種和諧不僅體現(xiàn)在視覺上，更體現(xiàn)在人與自然的和諧共處中。因此，傳承和弘揚中華優(yōu)秀傳統(tǒng)文化，對于構(gòu)建和諧社會具有重要意義。PartIIIWritingDirections:Writeanessayof160-200wordsonthetopicgivenbelow.WriteyouressayonAnswerSheet2.Topic:TheImpactofSocialMediaonCommunication---試卷答案PartIReadingComprehensionPassageOne1.C解析思路：題目問批評者對人工智能在就業(yè)市場的主要擔(dān)憂是什么。根據(jù)文章第一段，“WhilesomearguethatAIwillcreatemorejobsthanitdestroys,otherswarnofwidespreadunemploymentasmachinesbecomecapableofperformingtaskstraditionallydonebyhumans.”這表明，批評者的主要擔(dān)憂是機器能夠執(zhí)行傳統(tǒng)上由人類完成的任務(wù)，從而導(dǎo)致大規(guī)模失業(yè)。選項C（AI將導(dǎo)致大規(guī)模失業(yè)）與這一信息一致。2.D解析思路：題目問支持者認(rèn)為人工智能進(jìn)步可能帶來什么樣的工作。根據(jù)文章第二段，“proponentsofAIcounterthatthesejobswillbereplacedbynewonesinfieldsrelatedtoAIdevelopment,maintenance,andoversight.”這表明，支持者認(rèn)為這些工作崗位將被與人工智能開發(fā)、維護(hù)和監(jiān)督相關(guān)的新工作取代。選項D（與人工智能開發(fā)、維護(hù)和監(jiān)督相關(guān)的新工作）與這一信息一致。3.A解析思路：題目問根據(jù)研究，什么因素可能極大地影響人工智能對就業(yè)的影響。根據(jù)文章第三段，“TheadaptabilityoftheworkforcewillalsoplayacrucialroleindeterminingtheimpactofAIonemployment.”這表明，勞動力的適應(yīng)性將在決定人工智能對就業(yè)的影響方面發(fā)揮至關(guān)重要的作用。選項A（勞動力的適應(yīng)性）與這一信息一致。4.B解析思路：題目問文章中提到的社會在人工智能時代面臨的主要挑戰(zhàn)是什么。根據(jù)文章最后一段，“Ultimately,thefutureofemploymentintheageofAIwillhingeonacombinationoftechnologicalinnovation,economicpolicies,andindividualadaptability.ThechallengeforsocietywillbetonavigatethistransitioninawaythatmaximizesthebenefitsofAIwhileminimizingitspotentialdownsides.”這表明，社會面臨的挑戰(zhàn)是如何在最大化人工智能利益的同時，最小化其潛在弊端，從而順利過渡。選項B（如何在最大化人工智能利益的同時，最小化其潛在弊端，從而順利過渡）與這一信息一致。PassageTwo5.A解析思路：題目問文章的主要觀點是什么。文章主要討論了可持續(xù)發(fā)展的概念及其重要性，以及實現(xiàn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展面臨的挑戰(zhàn)和希望。選項A（可持續(xù)發(fā)展是一個重要的全球性問題，盡管面臨挑戰(zhàn)，但通過多方努力可以實現(xiàn)）概括了文章的主要觀點。6.C解析思路：題目問根據(jù)文章，實現(xiàn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的一大主要障礙是什么。根據(jù)文章第二段，“Oneoftheprimaryobstaclestoachievingsustainabilityistheprevalenceofshort-termthinking.”這表明，實現(xiàn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的一大主要障礙是短期思維的普遍存在。選項C（短期思維）與這一信息一致。7.B解析思路：題目問教育宣傳活動在促進(jìn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展中扮演什么角色。根據(jù)文章第三段，“Educationcampaignsandpublicawarenessinitiativesarethereforeessentialinpromotingacultureofsustainability.”這表明，教育宣傳活動對于促進(jìn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展文化至關(guān)重要。選項B（對于促進(jìn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展文化至關(guān)重要）與這一信息一致。8.D解析思路：題目問文章中提到的可能鼓勵企業(yè)采用可持續(xù)發(fā)展的激勵措施是什么。根據(jù)文章第四段，“Additionally,consumersareincreasinglydemandingproductsandservicesthatareenvironmentallyfriendly,creatingamarketincentiveforbusinessestoadoptsustainablepractices.”這表明，消費者日益要求環(huán)保的產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)，為businesses采用可持續(xù)發(fā)展實踐創(chuàng)造了市場激勵。選項D（消費者日益要求環(huán)保的產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)）與這一信息一致。PassageThree9.A解析思路：題目問根據(jù)文章，社交媒體帶來的一個最重大挑戰(zhàn)是什么。根據(jù)文章第一段，“Themostsignificantchallengesposedbysocialmediaarethespreadoffalseandmisleadinginformation.”這表明，社交媒體帶來的一個最重大挑戰(zhàn)是虛假和誤導(dǎo)性信息的傳播。選項A（虛假和誤導(dǎo)性信息的傳播）與這一信息一致。10.C解析思路：題目問文章中提到的確認(rèn)偏誤是什么。根據(jù)文章第二段，“Thestudyofsocialmediabehaviorhasrevealedthatpeopleareoftenmoresusceptibletobelievingmisinformationthatalignswiththeirpre-existingbeliefs,aphenomenonknownasconfirmationbias.”這表明，確認(rèn)偏誤是指人們更容易相信與他們既有信念相一致的虛假信息。選項C（更容易相信與他們既有信念相一致的虛假信息）與這一信息一致。11.B解析思路：題目問為了解決虛假信息問題，社交媒體平臺正在采取哪些措施。根據(jù)文章第三段，“Manyplatformshaveimplementedalgorithmstodetectandremovefalsecontent,andtheyhavecreatedfact-checkinginitiativestoprovideuserswithaccurateinformation.”這表明，許多平臺已經(jīng)實施了算法來檢測和刪除虛假內(nèi)容，并創(chuàng)建了事實核查計劃來向用戶提供準(zhǔn)確信息。選項B（實施了算法來檢測和刪除虛假內(nèi)容，并創(chuàng)建了事實核查計劃來向用戶提供準(zhǔn)確信息）與這一信息一致。12.D解析思路：題目問文章關(guān)于社交媒體未來的主要論點是什么。文章主要討論了社交媒體帶來的挑戰(zhàn)和應(yīng)對措施，并指出解決這些問題需要多方面努力。文章最后指出，“Addressingthesechallengeswillrequireamultifacetedapproachinvolvingplatformregulation,usereducation,andthedevelopmentofmoresophisticatedalgorithmstopromoteaccurateanddiversecontent.”這表明，文章認(rèn)為解決社交媒體挑戰(zhàn)需要多方面方法，包括平臺監(jiān)管、用戶教育和開發(fā)更復(fù)雜的算法來推廣準(zhǔn)確和多樣內(nèi)容。選項D（解決社交媒體挑戰(zhàn)需要多方面方法，包括平臺監(jiān)管、用戶教育和開發(fā)更復(fù)雜的算法來推廣準(zhǔn)確和多樣內(nèi)容）與這一信息一致。PassageFour13.A解析思路：題目問文章的主要觀點是什么。文章主要討論了缺乏體育活動的問題及其對個人健康和福祉的負(fù)面影響，并提出了促進(jìn)體育活動的措施。選項A（缺乏體育活動是一個日益嚴(yán)重的問題，它會對個人健康和福祉產(chǎn)生嚴(yán)重的負(fù)面影響）概括了文章的主要觀點。14.B解析思路：題目問根據(jù)文章，缺乏體育活動的一個關(guān)鍵原因是什么。根據(jù)文章第二段，“Oneofthekeyreasonsforthelackofphysicalactivityisthemodernlifestyle,whichofteninvolveslonghoursofsittingatadesk,commuting,andengaginginothersedentarybehaviors.”這表明，缺乏體育活動的一個關(guān)鍵原因是現(xiàn)代生活方式，其中通常包括長時間坐在桌前、通勤和其他久坐行為。選項B（現(xiàn)代生活方式，其中通常包括長時間坐在桌前、通勤和其他久坐行為）與這一信息一致。15.C解析思路：題目問公共衛(wèi)生計劃在促進(jìn)體育活動方面扮演什么角色。根據(jù)文章第四段，“publichealthinitiativesareincreasinglyfocusingonpromotingphysicalactivityinschools,workplaces,andcommunities.Forexample,schoolsareincorporatingmorephysicaleducationintotheircurricula,andworkplacesareimplementingprogramstoencourageemployeestotakebreaksandengageinregularexercise.Communityprogramsarealsobeingdevelopedtoprovidesafeandaffordablespacesforphysicalactivity.”這表明，公共衛(wèi)生計劃在促進(jìn)學(xué)校、工作場所和社區(qū)的體育活動方面發(fā)揮著越來越重要的作用，例如通過將更多體育教育納入課程、實施鼓勵員工休息和進(jìn)行定期鍛煉的計劃，以及開發(fā)提供安全和實惠的鍛煉場所的社區(qū)項目。選項C（在促進(jìn)學(xué)校、工作場所和社區(qū)的體育活動方面發(fā)揮著越來越重要的作用）與這一信息一致。16.A解析思路：題目問文章關(guān)于體育活動未來的主要論點是什么。文章主要討論了缺乏體育活動的問題及其對個人健康和福祉的負(fù)面影響，并提出了促進(jìn)體育活動的措施。文章最后指出，“Bypromotingphysicalactivitythroughpublichealthinitiativesandcreatingenvironmentsthatsupportactivelifestyles,societycantakestepstocombatthenegativeeffectsofsedentarybehaviorandimprovethehealthofitscitizens.”這表明，文章認(rèn)為通過公共衛(wèi)生計劃促進(jìn)體育活動，并創(chuàng)造支持積極生活方式的環(huán)境，社會可以采取措施來對抗久坐行為的負(fù)面影響，并改善其公民的健康。選項A（通過公共衛(wèi)生計劃促進(jìn)體育活動，并創(chuàng)造支持積極生活方式的環(huán)境，社會可以采取措施來對抗久坐行為的負(fù)面影響，并改善其公民的健康）與這一信息一致。PartIITranslation參考譯文：Chinesetraditionalcultureemphasizesharmony,advocatingharmoniouscoexistencebetweenhumansandnature,aswellasamongpeoplethemselves.Inmodernsociety,thisconceptholdssignificantimportanceforaddressingenvironmentalissuesandpromotingsocialharmony.Forexample,thedesignoftraditionalgardensembodiesthisidea,with