高一英語閱讀理解提高訓(xùn)練及解析一、高中英語閱讀理解1．閱讀理解

TwoofthesaddestwordsintheEnglishlanguageare"ifonly".Ilivemylifewiththegoalofneverhavingtosaythosewords,becausetheyconveyregret,lostopportunities,mistakes,anddisappointment.

Myfatherisfamousinourfamilyforsaying,"Taketheextraminutetodoitright."Ialwaystrytolivebythe"extraminute"rule.Whenmychildrenwereyoungandlikelytocauseaccidents,IalwaysthoughtaboutwhatIcoulddotoavoidan"ifonly"moment,whetheritwassomethingminorlikemovingacupfullofhotcoffeeawayfromtheedgeofacounter,orsomethingthatrequiredalittlemoreworksuchastapingpadding(襯墊)ontothesharpcornersofaglasscoffeetable.

Idon'tonlyavoidthose"ifonly"momentswhenitcomestosafety.It'sequallyimportanttoavoid"ifonly"inourpersonalrelationships.Weallknowpeoplewholostalovedoneandregrettedthattheyhadforegoneanopportunitytosay"Iloveyou"or"Iforgiveyou."WhenmyfatherannouncedhewasgoingtotheeyedoctoracrossfrommyofficeonGoodFriday,ItoldhimthatitwasaholidayformycompanyandIwouldn'tbehere.ButthenIthoughtaboutthefactthathe's84yearsoldandIrealizedthatIshouldn'tgiveupanopportunitytoseehim.IcalledhimandtoldhimIhaddecidedtogotoworkonmydayoffafterall.

IknowtherewillstillbeoccasionswhenIhavetosay"ifonly"aboutsomething,butmylifeisdefinitelybetterbecauseofmypolicyofdoingeverythingpossibletoavoidthateventuality.Andeventhoughittakesanextraminutetodosomethingright,oritoccasionallytakesanhourortwoinmybusyscheduletomakeapersonalconnection,IknowthatI'mdoingtherightthing.I'mbuyingmyselfpeaceofmindandthat'sthebestkindofinsuranceformyemotionalwell-being.（1）Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofthe"extraminute"rule?A.Startthecarthemomenteveryoneisseated.B.Leavetheroomforaminutewiththeironworking.C.Waitforanextraminutesothatthesteaktastesbetter.D.Moveanobjectoutofthewaybeforeittripssomeone.（2）TheauthordecidedtogotoherofficeonGoodFridayto______.A.keepherappointmentwiththeeyedoctorB.meetherfatherwhowasalreadyanoldmanC.joinintheholidaycelebrationofthecompanyD.finishherworkbeforethedeadlineapproached（3）Theunderlinedword"foregone"inParagraph3isclosestinmeaningto______.A.abandonedB.lackedC.avoidedD.taken（4）Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.ToKeepEmotionalWell-beingB.ToPrevent"IfOnly"MomentsC.ToFollowtheMostUsefulRuleD.ToAchievethePeaceofMind【答案】（1）D（2）B（3）A（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文，作者認(rèn)為英語中最悲傷的兩個(gè)詞語是"ifonly"，因?yàn)樗麄儽磉_(dá)了遺憾。父親在作者小的時(shí)候經(jīng)常讓她提前做一些能防止意外發(fā)生的事，因此她懂得珍惜現(xiàn)在所擁有的一切，而且知道自己正在做對(duì)的事。（1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一、二段可知，作者所說的“extraminute”rule是指在遇事時(shí)多思考一分鐘，從而可以避免以后遺憾、犯錯(cuò)或失望，故選D。（2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的“ButthenIthoughtaboutthefactthathe's84yearsoldandIrealizedthatIshouldn'tgiveupanopportunitytoseehim.”可知，父親說在周五去看眼科醫(yī)生時(shí)經(jīng)過作者的辦公室，雖然那天是假日，但作者想到父親八十四了，自己不應(yīng)該放棄每一次見父親的機(jī)會(huì)，于是又改口說那天上班。由此可知作者決定在星期五去她的辦公室，是為了見她已經(jīng)年邁的父親。故選B。（3）考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)劃線詞所在句and前后連接語意相似成分，由其前“失去一個(gè)心愛的人或物”可推知此處是指“后悔放棄一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)”可知，foregone的意思是“放棄”，故選A。（4）考查主旨大意?？v觀全文可知，本文敘述了作者通過“extraminute”rule來避免以后說“ifonly”的情況?！癷fonly”作為線索貫穿了整篇文章，且第一段也提到了thesaddestwords，其他選項(xiàng)比較籠統(tǒng)，不能涵蓋本文內(nèi)容。所以這篇文章最好的題目是“防止出現(xiàn)ifonly的情況”，故選B。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及推理判斷，詞義猜測(cè)和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇人生感悟類閱讀，考生需要根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。2．閱讀理解

Google'snewcamera,calledClips,isasmartdevice.Itcomeswithacasethathasaclip(夾子),butit'snotdesignedtobewornonyourclothing.Mostinterestingly,itusesartificialintelligencetotakephotographyoutofyourhandsandcapturesmomentsentirelyonitsown!

Whatsetsthisroughly2-inchby2-inchcamera,withathree-hourbatterylifeandGorillaGlassfortoughnessapartisthatitisspeciallyintendedforcandidmoments,likewhenachilddoessomethingcutethatmayhappentooquicklyforyoutopulloutyoursmartphone.

TheClipsdevice,itusesmachinelearningalgorithms(計(jì)算程序)tohelpcapturescenes.Thosealgorithmsincludefacerecognition."Onceitlearnsthatthere'safaceyouseefrequently,it'lltrytogetnicephotosofthosefaces,"saidJustonPayne,thedevice'sproductmanager.Andtheyalsowantittorecognizefacialexpressions,whichinvolved"trainingittoknowwhathappinesslookslike".TheGoogleteamalsotrainedittorecognizewhatnottoshoot—likewhenachild'shandisoverthelens,orifitistossedinadarkpurse.

Theonlywaytoseetheimagesisbyconnectingthecamerawithyourphone,asithasnoscreenforviewingorediting.

Concerneditcouldseemstrange?Yes,Payneadmitted,buthesaidtheyaddressedthatbymakingitobviouswhatitis.Agreenlightonthefrontsignalsthatitison.Besides,unlikeacamerameanttomonitoryourhome,itisnotconnectedtotheInternet.

"Thisproductisonlypossiblebecauseofthewaythatsilicon(硅)hasadvanced,"Paynesaidthatnowtheycouldsqueezethetechnologydownintoadevicethissize.Goingforward,we'relikelytogetmoreassistancefromtheartificialintelligencepackedintoourappsandgadgets.（1）WhatisthemostoutstandingfeatureofClips?A.ItenableseasyInternetaccess.B.Itisequippedwithtoughglass.C.Itcanbewornonyourclothing.D.Itallowsofhands-freephotography.（2）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"candid"inParagraph2mean?A.Awkward.B.Brief.C.Touching.D.Unforgettable.（3）WhatmakesClipsarealityaccordingtoJustonPayne?A.Theadvanceintechnology.B.ThepopularityoftheInternet.C.Thescreenforviewingandediting.D.Theriseofthesmartphoneindustry.（4）Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A.Newgadgetsintheageofapps.B.ArtificialintelligenceindailyLife.C.AnewdigitalcamerafromGoogle.D.Analternativewaytophotograph.【答案】（1）D（2）B（3）A（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了谷歌公司推出了一款叫Clips的新相機(jī)，并對(duì)照相機(jī)的各種功能和使用進(jìn)行了介紹。（1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“Mostinterestingly,itusesartificialintelligencetotakephotographyoutofyourhandssoitcancapturemomentsonitsown”可知，谷歌開發(fā)的這款相機(jī)使用人工智能來拍照，不需要你動(dòng)手按鍵，它就可以幫助你記錄美好的精彩瞬間。故選D。（2）考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)第二段中的“l(fā)ikewhenachilddoessomethingcutethatmayhappentooquicklyforyoutopulloutyoursmartphone.”比如孩子做了一些可愛的事情，你可能來不及拿出智能手機(jī)?？芍嬀€句表示：這款相機(jī)能解決手機(jī)不能及時(shí)抓拍小孩子所做的短暫又可愛的事。candidmoments意為“短暫”的時(shí)刻。故選B。（3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段“‘Thisproductisonlypossiblebecauseofthewaythatsiliconhasadvanced,’Paynesaid,notingthatitwasonlyinthepastyearorsothattheycouldsqueezethetechnologydownintoadevicethissize.Goingforward,we'relikelytogetmoreassistancefromtheartificialintelligencepackedintoourappsandgadgets”可知，這款相機(jī)依靠先進(jìn)的科技和人工智能等使得它成為了可能，成為了可以幫助人們記錄美好瞬間的工具。故選A。（4）考查主旨大意。根據(jù)第一段中的“Google'snewcamera,calledClips,isasmall,smartdevice.”可知，本文主要講述了谷歌開發(fā)的一款新的照相機(jī)，并對(duì)照相機(jī)的各種功能和使用進(jìn)行了介紹。故選C?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測(cè)和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇科技類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，概括歸納，從而選出正確答案。3．閱讀理解

Coralreefs(珊瑚礁)areanintegralpartofsealifeandsustainitbyprovidingshelterandhabitattovariousorganisms.Theyalsosupplyandrecyclenutrientsaswellasenableagrowingfishpopulation,alongwithotherspecies,forahealthyanddiverseecosystem.However,theriseinaveragewatertemperaturesduetoclimatechangehasresultedinmorefrequentandlongtimecoralbleaching(白化現(xiàn)象)eventsthatdamagetheirhealth,causingfishandotherseaspeciestoabandonthem.

Inordertorestorethisdelicateecosystem,scientistsfromtheUKandAustraliaconductedastudythatinvolvedusingloudspeakersunderwaterneardamagedcoralreefstomakethemsoundhealthyandattractfish,potentiallykick-startingthenaturalrecoveryprocessofcoralreefsandtheirdependentlifeforms.ThelocationforthisexperimentwastheGreatBarrierReefintheCoralSea,foundalongsidetheeastcoastofQueensland,Australia.Thesiteisnotedtohavethelargestcoralreefsystemintheworld.

"Healthycoralreefsareremarkablynoisyplaces-thecrackleofsnappingshrimpandthewhoopsandgruntsoffish.Youngfishconcentrateonthesesoundswhenthey'relookingforaplacetosettle,"saidSteveSimpson,studyco-authorandaprofessorattheUniversityofExeter,UK.

Byusingloudspeakerstocopysuchsounds,partsofdeadcoralreefswerefoundtoattracttwiceasmanyfish,comparedtoplaceswherenosoundswereplayed."Thesereturningfish,arecrucialforcoralreefstofunctionashealthyecosystems.Boostingfishpopulationsinthiswaycouldhelptokick-startnaturalrecoveryprocesses,preventingthedamagewe'reseeingonmanycoralreefsaroundtheworld,"saidleadauthor,TimGordon.（1）Whatcausesthephenomenonofcoralbleaching?A.Diversespecies.B.Noisepollution.C.Fishingindustry.D.Climbingtemperatures.（2）Whatapproachisintroducedtorecoverthecoralreefs?A.Removingdamagedcoralreefs.B.Usingloudspeakerstokeepfishaway.C.Buildingnewhomesforseaspecies.D.Playingcertainsoundstoappealtofish.（3）WhyareSteveSimpson'swordsquoted?A.Toprovidesomefindingsofthestudy.B.Toshowtheprogressoftheexperiment.C.Toexplainreasonsforthenewapproach.D.Togiveanothersolutiontotheproblem.（4）Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Theattemptsareinvain.B.Naturalrecoveryisimpossible.C.Initialsuccesshasbeenachieved.D.Thecoralreefshavereturnedtonormal.【答案】（1）D（2）D（3）C（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，由于氣候變化導(dǎo)致的平均水溫上升導(dǎo)致了更頻繁、更長期的珊瑚白化事件，而為了恢復(fù)這一脆弱的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，科學(xué)家們?cè)谑軗p的珊瑚礁附近使用水下擴(kuò)音器，讓珊瑚聽起來更健康，從而能夠吸引魚類。作者解釋了采用這一方法的原因以及這一新方法獲得了初步成功。（1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“However,theriseinaveragewatertemperaturesduetoclimatechangehasresultedinmorefrequentandlongtimeucoralbleachingeventsthatdamagetheirhealth,causingfishandotherseaspeciestoabandonthem.”然而，由于氣候變化導(dǎo)致的平均水溫上升導(dǎo)致了更頻繁、更長期的珊瑚白化事件，損害了它們的健康，導(dǎo)致魚類和其他海洋物種拋棄它們，可知，氣溫攀升是導(dǎo)致珊瑚白化現(xiàn)象的原因。故選D。（2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“Inordertorestorethisdelicateecosystem,scientistsfromtheUKandAustraliaconductedastudythatinvolvedusingloudspeakersunderwaterneardamagedcoralreefstomakethemsoundhealthyandattractfish,potentiallykick-startingthenaturalrecoveryprocessofcoralreefsandtheirdependentlifeforms.”為了恢復(fù)這一脆弱的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，來自英國和澳大利亞的科學(xué)家們進(jìn)行了一項(xiàng)研究，他們?cè)谑軗p的珊瑚礁附近使用水下擴(kuò)音器，讓它們聽起來更健康，吸引魚類，這可能會(huì)啟動(dòng)珊瑚礁的自然恢復(fù)過程及其依賴的生命形式，可知，應(yīng)當(dāng)采用播放某些聲音來吸引魚的方法來恢復(fù)珊瑚礁。故選D。（3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Healthycoralreefsareremarkablynoisyplaces-thecrackleofsnappingshrimpandthewhoopsandgruntsoffish.”健康的珊瑚礁是非常吵雜的地方——蝦的噼啪聲和魚的呼嚕呼嚕聲，可知，引用SteveSimpson的話是為了解釋采用這一新方法的原因。故選C。（4）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Byusingloudspeakerstocopysuchsounds,partsofdeadcoralreefswerefoundtoattracttwiceasmanyfish,comparedtoplaceswherenosoundswereplayed.”通過使用擴(kuò)音器來模仿這些聲音，人們發(fā)現(xiàn)部分死去的珊瑚礁比沒有聲音的地方能吸引兩倍多的魚，可推知這一新方法初步取得了成功。故選C?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇環(huán)保類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。4．閱讀理解

Somehousesaredesignedtobesmart.Othershavesmartdesigns.AnexampleofthesecondtypeofhousewonanAwardofExcellencefromtheAmericanInstituteofArchitects.

LocatedontheshoreofSullivan'sIslandoffthecoastofSouthCarolina,theaward-winningcube-shapedbeachhousewasbuilttoreplaceonesmashedtopiecesbyHurricane（颶風(fēng)）Hugo10yearsago.BeforeHugo,manynewhousesbuiltalongSouthCarolina'sshorelinewerepoorlyconstructed,andenforcementofbuildingruleswasn'tstrict,accordingtoarchitectRayHuff,whocreatedthecleverly-designedbeachhouse.SoonafterHugo,allnewshorelinehousesarerequiredtomeetstricter,better-enforcedrules.ThenewbeachhouseonSullivan'sIslandshouldbeabletowithstandaLevel3hurricanewithpeakwindsof179to209kilometersperhour.

Atfirstsight,thehouseonSullivan'sIslandlooksanythingbuthurricane-proof.Itsredwoodshellmakesitresemble“alargepartylantern(燈籠)”atnight,accordingtooneobserver.Butlookscanbemisleading.Thehouse'swoodenframeisreinforcedwithlongsteelrodstogiveitextrastrength.

Tofurtherprotectthehousefromhurricanedamage.Huffraisedit2.7metersoffthegroundontimberpilings－long,slimwoodpiecesanchoreddeepinthesand.Pilingsmightappearinsecure,buttheyarestrongenoughtosupporttheweightofthehouse.Theyalsoraisethehouseabovestormwaves.Thepilingsallowthewavestorununderthehouseinsteadofrunningintoit.'Thesewavescomeashoreatterriblespeedsandcausemostofthedamagedonetobeach-frontbuildings,”saidHuff.

Huffdesignedthetimberpilingstobepartiallyhiddenbythehouse'sground-to-roofshell.“Theshellmasksthepilingssothatthehousedoesn'tlooklikeit'sstandingwithitspantlegs(褲腿)pulledup,”saidHuff.Intheeventofastorm,theshellshouldbreakapartandletthewavesrushunderthehouse,thearchitectexplained.（1）AftertheHurricaneHugo,newhousesbuiltalongSouthCarolina'sshorelinearerequired

.A.

tobeeasilyreinforced

B.

tomeetstricterbuildingstandardsC.

tolooksmarterindesign

D.

tobedesignedintheshapeofcubes（2）Whyistheaward-winningbeachhousestrongandhurricane-proof?A.

Itisintheshapeofashell.

B.

Itismadeofredwood.C.

Itisstrengthenedbysteelrods.

D.

Itisbuiltwithtimberandconcrete.（3）What'sthepurposeofHuffraisingthehouse2.7metersoffthegroundontimberpilings?A.

Toanchorstrongerpilingsdeepinthesand.

B.

Topreventwaterfromrushingintothehouse.C.

Towithstandpeakwindsofabout200km/hr.

D.

Tomakethehouselookmorehurricane-proof.（4）Accordingthelastparagraph,themainfunctionoftheshellis

.A.

togivethehouseabetterappearance

B.

tostrengthenthepilingsofthehouseC.

toprotectthewoodenframeofthehouse

D.

toslowdownthespeedofthebigwaves【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）B（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道，位于南卡羅來納州海岸的沙利文島海濱一座玲瓏的小屋以其獨(dú)特的設(shè)計(jì)獲得大獎(jiǎng)。(1)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“SoonafterHugo,allnewshorelinehousesarerequiredtomeetstricter,better-enforcedrules.”可知在颶風(fēng)造成嚴(yán)重的人員傷亡和巨大的損失后，新建房屋應(yīng)該符合嚴(yán)格的建筑規(guī)定。故選B。(2)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三和第四段的內(nèi)容可知，沙文島上的建筑獲獎(jiǎng)了。而沙利文島上的房子乍一看不像是抗颶風(fēng)的。但外表可能會(huì)誤導(dǎo)人。房子的木制框架用長的鋼棒加固，以賦予它額外的強(qiáng)度。為了進(jìn)一步保護(hù)房屋免受颶風(fēng)破壞。在地面上樹起2.7米高的木頭樁，深深地扎在沙子里。它們足夠堅(jiān)固，足以支撐房屋的重量。颶風(fēng)來臨時(shí)波浪在房子下面運(yùn)行，卻不會(huì)沖進(jìn)房子。由知可見，沙文島上的房子抗颶風(fēng)就是由于鋼棒的支撐。故選C。(3)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中的“Thestructureallowsthewavestorununderthehouseinsteadofrunningintoit．”可判斷出，之所以這么做的目的是防止大水沖入房屋中，故選B。(4)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。第四段內(nèi)容可知房屋是建在木樁上的。最后一段內(nèi)容為：Huff設(shè)計(jì)的木樁被房子從地面到屋頂?shù)呢悮に[藏，貝殼遮蓋了木樁，這樣房子看起來就比原來房屋的外觀好看多了，故選A?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解題型的考查，是一篇新聞報(bào)道，要求考生準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，結(jié)合題目要求，選出正確答案。5．閱讀理解

OneofthemoststrikingfindingsofanewlyresearchintheUKisthatofthepeopleinterviewed,oneintwobelievesthatitisbecomingmoredifficulttomeetsomeonetostartafamilywith.

Whyaremanyfindingitincreasinglydifficulttostartcloserelationships?Doesmodemlifereallymakeithardertofallinlove?Orarewemakingitharderforourselves?Itiscertainlythecasetodaythatcontemporarycouplesbenefitindifferentwaysfromrelationships.Womennolongerrelyuponpartnersformoneyorstatus.Amandoesn'texpecthiswifetobein(唯一的)chargeofrunninghishouseholdandraisinghischildren.

Butperhapstheknowledgethatwecanliveperfectlywellwithoutapartnershipmeansthatittakesmuchmoretopersuadepeopletoabandontheirindependence.

Intheory,findingapartnershouldbemuchsimplerthesedays.Onlyafewgenerationsago,yourchoiceofsoulmatewaslimitedbygeography,socialconventionandfamilytradition.Althoughitwasneverclear，manymarriageswereessentiallyarranged.Nowthosebarriershavebeenbrokendown.Youcanapproachabuilderorabrainsurgeoninanybarinanycityonanygivenevening.Whentheworldisyouroyster(牡蠣),yousurelyhaveabetterchanceoffindingapearl.

Butitseemsthattheoldconventionshavebeenreplacedbythelimitationsofchoice.Theexpectationsofpartnersareraisedtoanunmanageabledegree:goodlooks,impressivesalary,kindtograndmother,andrightsocks.Thereisnoroomforerrorinthefirstimpression.

Wethinkthatarelationshipcanbeperfect.Ifitisn't,itshouldbeended.Weworktoprotectourselvesagainstfutureheartacheanddon'tputinthehardemotionallaborneededtobuildastrongrelationship.Twelve-hourworkattheofficemakesrelaxedafter-hoursdatingdifficult.Thecostofhousingandchild-raisingcreatespressuretohaveastableincomeandCareerbeforealifepartnership.（1）WhatisacontemporaryfamilylikeinUKtoday?A.

Couplessharetheburdens.

B.

Menbegintodependonwomen.C.

Womenareresponsibleforhousework.

D.

Itisdifficulttotakecareofafamily.（2）Whydopeoplepreservetheirindependence?A.

Tolivealonehappily.

B.

Tohavemorechoices.C.

Toavoidmarriages.

D.

Toignoretraditions.（3）Whatmakesithardforpeopletodate?A.

Mentalheadacheindating.

B.

Thepressuretosurvive.C.

Badluckinfindingapartner.

D.

Thefaithbetweenlifepartners.（4）Whatistheauthortryingtoinformusinthistext?A.

Perfectmarriagesconflictwithindependence.B.

Peopleshould,spendmoremoneyonmarriages.C.

Theexpectationsandrealityseparatethelovers.D.

Independenceismuchmoreimportantthanlove.【答案】（1）A（2）A（3）B（4）C【解析】【分析】本人是一篇說明文，美國最新的一項(xiàng)問卷調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，50%的人覺得找到相伴一生的另一半很困難，作者從工作經(jīng)濟(jì)壓力以及對(duì)配偶要求過高等因素進(jìn)行了分析。(1)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的“Womennolongerrelyuponpartnersforeconomicsecurityorstatus.Amandoesn'texpecthiswifetobeinsole(唯一的)chargeofrunninghishouseholdandraisinghischildren.”可知現(xiàn)在的女子在經(jīng)濟(jì)上獨(dú)立，男子也不能指望女子負(fù)責(zé)所有的家務(wù)和養(yǎng)孩子。說明現(xiàn)在是夫妻雙方共同承擔(dān)負(fù)擔(dān)。故選A。(2)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中的“Butperhapstheknowledgethatwecanliveperfectlywellwithoutapartnershipmeansthatittakesmuchmoretopersuadepeopletoabandontheirindependence.”可知，人們認(rèn)為獨(dú)自生活也很好這種觀念使得人們不愿意放棄他們的獨(dú)立生活。故選A。(3)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Twelve-hourworkattheofficemakesrelaxedafter-hoursdating(約會(huì))difficult.”可知12小時(shí)的工作使得人們約會(huì)變得很困難，繁忙的工作花費(fèi)了人們太多的精力。故選B。(4)考查主旨大意。文章主要分析現(xiàn)在的人們?yōu)槭裁春茈y找到生活伴侶，其原因可能主要是對(duì)對(duì)方的期望過高以及經(jīng)濟(jì)壓力較大的現(xiàn)實(shí)。故選C。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇社會(huì)現(xiàn)象類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。6．閱讀理解

YoumaythinkthatthestoryofPygmalion(《賣花女》,1913)---inwhichpeoplearejudgedbythewaytheytalk---issomethingthatonlyexistedinthedaysofBritishhighsociety.Butthankstoetiquette(禮儀)expertandauthorWilliamHanson,werealizethatlittlehaschangedduringthepast100years.

InaBBCradioprogram,HansonreleasedalistofcommonwordsusedinBritishEnglishthatcouldrevealwhetherapersonis"common"or"fashionable".

Andyetherecomestheinterestingpart:Whilesomeofusmightgothroughlifeusingfancywords,dressinginwaysthatmakeusappearmorewell-offthanwereallyare,therearewealthypeopleintheworldwhotrytohidetheirrichesbecausetheywanttobeseenas"normal"insteadof"showy".

Beatrice,forexample,isaNewYorkerwhoinherited(繼承)millionsofdollars.ShetoldTheNewYorkTimesthatshehasahabitofremovingthepricetags(價(jià)簽)fromherclothessoherhousestaffdon'tseethemandfeeluncomfortable.

"Wedon'twantthat'Wow'."saidScott,alsoaNewYorker,whohadjustinheritedover$50million."We'rejustnotthetypeofpeoplewhowearitonoursleeve."（1）WhatdoesWilliamHansonfind?A.

Peoplefailedtojudgeothers'manner.

B.

Peoplejudgeothersbytheirwayoftalking.C.

Peopletendtousemorepolitewords.

D.

Peoplemeetimpolitepersonsfrequently.（2）Whatdorichpeopleprefertodo?A.

Tohidetheirriches.

B.

Toearnmoremoney.C.

Tothinkhighlyoftheirwealth.

D.

Tojudgeothersbytheirwealth.（3）WhydidBeatriceremovethepricetagsonherclothes?A.

Toshowoffherfashionsense.

B.

Tochangepeople'sattitudetorichpeople.C.

Topretendtobenormal.

D.

Toavoidmakingpeoplearoundheruncomfortable.（4）Whatdoes"it"inthelastsentencemean?A.

Thepricetag.

B.

Thebrandlabel.C.

Theinheritancecontract.

D.

TheTimesmagazine.【答案】（1）B（2）A（3）D（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，揭示如今人們依然會(huì)從你的說話用詞上來判斷你是“普通的”還是“時(shí)髦的”。（1考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“Butthankstoetiquette(禮儀)expertandauthorWilliamHanson,werealizethatlittlehaschangedduringthepast100years.”可知，WilliamHanson認(rèn)為我們現(xiàn)在仍舊如同以前一樣通過人們講話的方式來判斷一個(gè)人。故選B。（2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中的“…therearewealthypeopleintheworldwhotrytohidetheirrichesbecausetheywanttobeseenas'normal'insteadof'showy'”可知，富人更喜歡隱藏起他們的財(cái)富。故選A。（3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“ShetoldTheNewYorkTimesthatshehasahabitofremovingthepricetags(價(jià)簽)fromherclothessoherhousestaffdon'tseethemandfeeluncomfortable.”可知，Beatrice除掉衣服上的價(jià)格標(biāo)簽是為了避免讓她周圍的人感到不舒服。故選D。（4）考查代詞指代。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的內(nèi)容可知，Beatrice除掉衣服上的價(jià)格標(biāo)簽是為了避免讓她周圍的人感到不舒服。因此推斷Scott說：我們不想要那些“Wow”，我們不是那種袖子上戴著商標(biāo)的人。此處的“we”指的是Beatrice和Scott，故it指的是價(jià)格標(biāo)簽。故案選A。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和代詞指代兩個(gè)題型的考查，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。7．閱讀理解

Weighingtoomuchcandamageyourhealth,andobesityisagrowingproblemforbothkidsandadultsaroundtheworld.Sleepmightbeoneanswertotheproblem.Anewstudyhasfoundthatelementaryschoolstudentswhoslepttoolittleweremorelikelytogainpounds.

Paststudieshaveshownalinkbetweensleepinglessandweighingmore,butscientistshavehadatoughtimedetermining"whichcamefirst,thechickenortheegg,"saysJulieC.LumengoftheuniversityofMichiganinAnnArbor.Inotherwords,ithasn'tbeenclearwhetherkidswhoweightoomuchhavetroublesleeping,orwhethersleepinglessleadstoweightgain.Bothscenarios(可能出現(xiàn)的情況)seemedequallypossible.

Togetabetterideaofwhichcauseswhich,Lumengandhercolleaguesinterviewedtheparentsof785thirdgradersfromaroundtheUnitedStates.Theparentsansweredquestionsabouthowwelltheirkidssleptthatyear.Threeyearslater,theparentsansweredthesamequestions.Bysixthgrade,18percentofkidsinvolvedinthestudywereobese.

Thescientistsfoundnorelationshipbetweenweightandthestudents'raceorgender.Italsodidn'tmatterhowstricttheirparentswere,orwhethertheywereboysorgirls.Obesitystruckallofthesegroupsequally.Instead,sleepseemedtobethekeyfactor.Overthethreeyearsofstudy,thechildrenaveragedahealthy9.5hoursofsleepanight.Somekids,however,sleptalotmoreorlessthanothers.

Forthesixthgraders,everyhourofsleepabovethe9.5houraveragewaslinkedtoa20percentlowerriskofbeingobese.Sleepappeareddoublyimportantforthethirdgraders.Everyextrahourofsleeptheygotwaslinkedtoa40percentdropinobesity.（1）Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceonparagraph2imply?A.

Scientistshavefoundtheexactcausesofchildren'sobesity.

B.

ThereisalwayssomethingdifficulttounderstandthroughtheoryC.

Thecause–effectrelationshipbetweenweightandsleepisn'tclear.

D.

Aperson'sweighthassomethingtodowiththeamountofhissleep.（2）Whatdidtheinterviewfindout?A.

9.5hoursofsleepanightisenoughforchildren.

B.

Themoreachildsleeps,thehealthierhewillbe.C.

Sixthgradersneedmuchmoresleepthanthirdgraders.

D.

One'sraceorgenderhasnothingtodowithhisweight.（3）Howdoestheauthordevelopthepassage?A.

Bylistingfigures

B.

BycomparingdifferentopinionsC.

Byprovidingexamples

D.

Byconductingasurvey（4）Whatisthesuitabletitleforthepassage?A.

Thebenefitsofenoughsleepforchildren

B.

SleepinglessincreasestheriskofobesityC.

Whichcomesfirst,littlesleeporobesity

D.

Howmanyhoursofsleepdochildrenneed?【答案】（1）C（2）D（3）A（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，一項(xiàng)新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，睡眠過少的小學(xué)生更容易發(fā)胖。（1）考查句義猜測(cè)。劃線句表示的字面意思是“先有雞還是先有蛋”，結(jié)合上下文的內(nèi)容可知，文章引用這句話是為了表明“是睡眠少導(dǎo)致了肥胖還是肥胖導(dǎo)致了睡眠少”這個(gè)問題還沒有定論。第二段中的“Inotherwords,ithasn'tbeenclearwhetherkidswhoweightoomuchhavetroublesleeping,orwhethersleepinglessleadstoweightgain.Bothscenarios(可能出現(xiàn)的情況)seemedequallypossible.”是解題的關(guān)鍵提示信息。故選C。（2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中的“Thescientistsfoundnorelationshipbetweenweightandthestudents'raceorgender.”可知，面試的結(jié)果是一個(gè)人的種族或性別與他的體重沒有任何關(guān)系。故選D。（3）考查寫作手法。本文介紹了一項(xiàng)研究，并列舉了很多同該研究相關(guān)的數(shù)據(jù)。故選A。（4）考查主旨大意。根據(jù)第一段中的“Anewstudyhasfoundthatelementaryschoolstudentswhoslepttoolittleweremorelikelytogainpounds.”可知，本文主要介紹了一項(xiàng)新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，睡眠少會(huì)增加肥胖的概率。故選B。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，句義猜測(cè)，寫作手法和主旨大意四個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇健康類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。8．閱讀理解

Manypeoplehavelongdreamedofbeingabletoflyaroundassimplyasridingabicycle.Yetthesafetyandstrengthofaflyingbikewasalwaysabigproblem.Overthepast10years,developmentsintechnologyhavemovedthedreamofpersonalflyingvehiclesclosertoreality.Now,twogroupsofinventorssaysuchvehiclesmaybeavailablesoon.

TheBritishcompanyMalloyAeronauticshasdevelopedaprototype(原型)ofitsflyingbicycle.GrantStapleton,marketingsalesdirectorofMalloyAeronautics,saystheHoverbikeisabletogetinandoutofsmallspacesveryquickly."Itcanbemovedacrosscontinentsveryquicklybecauseitcanbefoldedandpacked,"headds.

Mr.Stapletonsayssafetywasthecompany'smainconcern.Hesaysthedesignerssolvedthesafetyissuebyusingoverlappingrotorstopowerthevehicle.

Thecompanyistestingafull-sizeprototypeoftheHoverbike,whichwillmostlikelybeusedfirstbythepoliceandemergencyrescueteams.

InNewZealand,MartinAircraftCompanyisalsotestingafull-sizeprototypeofitspersonalflyingdevice,calledtheJetpack.Itcanflyformorethan30minutes,upto1,000metershighandreachaspeedof74kilometersperhour.

PeterCokeristheCEOofMartinAircraftCompany.HesaidtheJetpack"isbuiltaroundsafetyfromthestart".Inhiswords,“Reliabilityisthemostimportantelementofit.Wehavesafetybuiltintotheactualstructureitself,verysimilartoaFormulaOneracingcar.

TheJetpackusesagasoline-poweredenginethatproducestwopowerfuljetstreams.Mr.Cokersaysita