2025年大學(xué)《大學(xué)德語(yǔ)》專業(yè)題庫(kù)——德語(yǔ)文學(xué)作品情節(jié)與展開考試時(shí)間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______一、ErstellenSieeinekurzeZusammenfassungderHandlungdesRomans?DieVerwandlung“vonFranzKafka.KonzentrierenSiesichaufdiewesentlichenEreignisseundWendepunkteimLebendesGregorSamsa.二、AnalysierenSiedienarrativeStrukturdesRomans?DieVerwandlung“vonFranzKafka.BetrachtenSiedabeiinsbesonderedieRollederZeitdarstellung,diePerspektive(n)unddieArtundWeise,wiedasGeschehenerz?hltwird.WiebeeinflussendieseElementedieEntwicklungderHandlungunddieWirkungdesWerkes?三、FassenSiediezentralenCharaktereigenschaftenGregorSamsaszusammenundanalysierenSie,wieseineEntwicklungundseinSchicksaldieHauptthemendesRomansaufdieEbenedesIndividuumsundderGesellschaftprojizieren.VerweisenSiedabeiaufkonkreteBegebenheitenausdemText.四、ImRoman?DieVerwandlung“vonFranzKafkatrittnebenGregorSamsanochseineFamiliesowieweitereDienerauf.AnalysierenSiedieFunktionderNebencharaktere.WieinteragierensiemitGregorundwiewerdendurchihreHandlungenundReaktionendieAtmosph?redesHausessowiedieMotivedesRomans(z.B.Isolation,sozialeAusgrenzung,famili?reBeziehungen)verst?rktoderver?ndert?五、DiskutierenSiedieBedeutungdesMotivsdesSchwebensoderFliegensfürdieHandlungsentwicklungunddiesymbolischeBedeutungimRoman?DieVerwandlung“vonFranzKafka.AnalysierenSie,welcheAspektedesmenschlichenDaseins(z.B.Losgel?stsein,Kontrollverlust,Abschaumwerden)durchdiesesMotivdargestelltwerden.六、VergleichenSiedieHandlungsentwicklungunddienarrativeTechnikenin?DieVerwandlung“vonFranzKafkamiteinemanderenRomanvonKafka(z.B.?DerProcess“oder?EinLandarzt“).BetonenSiedie?hnlichkeitenundUnterschiedeinderArtundWeise,wiedieHandlungaufgebautist,dieCharaktereentwickeltwerdenunddiezentralenThemendesAutorsdargestelltwerden.試卷答案一、GregorSamsaAwakeninginhisroomtransformedintoalargeinsect.Heisshockedandtriestogetoutofbed.Hissisterbringshimfood,buthecannolongereatit.Hisparentsareinitiallyshockedandconfused,thenincreasinglyconcernedandashamed.Gregorloseshisjobasatravelingsalesmanduetohisinabilitytogotowork.Heretreatsintohisroom,graduallybecomingmoreisolatedandneglectedbyhisfamily.Hissistertriestocareforhim,buthereffortswane.HisparentsbecomemoredistantandeventuallyhireamaidwhotreatsGregorpoorly.Gregorfeelslikeanoutcastinhisownhome.Hisrelationshipwithhisfamilydeterioratessignificantly.Hisyoungersistereventuallyleaveshome.Towardstheend,Gregordiesinhisroom,unnoticedbyhisfamilyatfirst.Afterhisdeath,hisparentsinitiallyfeelasenseofreliefandbegintoplanforthefuture,realizingtheycannowlivemorecomfortablywithouttheburdenofhiscare.二、Thenarrativeof?DieVerwandlung“isprimarilytoldinthethird-personlimitedperspective,closelyfollowingGregorSamsa'sexperiencesandperceptions.Thisallowsthereadertounderstandhisinnerthoughts,feelings,andconfusionregardinghistransformation.Thenarrativestructureislargelylinear,proceedingchronologicallyfromGregor'sinitialawakeningtohisdeath.However,therearemomentsofinternaldigressionwhereGregor'sthoughtsprovideinsightintohispastlifeandfeelings.Thetimeperceptionshifts;timeseemstopassslowlyanduneventfullyduringGregor'sconfinement,contrastingwiththefasterpaceofexternaleventsandfamilylife.TheperspectiveremainsfocusedonGregor,emphasizinghisisolationandalienation.TheuseofthislimitedperspectiveandthefocusonGregor'sinternalstatedeeplyinfluencethedevelopmentoftheplotbyhighlightinghissubjectiveexperienceandgradualpsychologicalbreakdown.ItfostersempathyforGregorwhilesimultaneouslyshowcasinghisincreasingdetachmentfromtheworldandhisfamily.三、GregorSamsaisinitiallyahardworking,responsible,andobedientsonandbrother,trappedinajobhedislikestosupporthisfamily.Heisselfless,enduringhissacrificeswithoutcomplaint.Afterhistransformation,hischaracterundergoesaprocessofdehumanizationandalienation.Hebecomespassive,withdrawn,andlosesallinterestinhisformerlifeandduties.Hisphysicalappearanceandinabilitytocommunicateleadtofearanddisgustinothers,pushinghimfurtherintoisolation.Hisfinalstagesshowalossofbasichumanneedsandinstincts.Onabroaderlevel,Gregor'sdevelopmentreflectsthemesofindividualalienationfromsocietyandfamilyduetoeconomicpressuresandlackofunderstanding.Histransformationsymbolizesthedehumanizingeffectsofmodernlifeandsocietalexpectations.Hisultimateisolationandneglecthighlightthefragilityofhumanconnectionandtheconsequencesofbeingperceivedasuselessorburdensome.Hisstoryprojectstheanxietiesaboutidentity,purpose,andthemeaningofexistencewhenoneisnolongervaluedbythecommunity.四、ThefamilymembersprimarilyservetohighlightGregor'sisolationandthechangingdynamicswithinthehousehold.Hisparentsreactwithshock,fear,andeventuallyshame,strugglingtocopewiththebizarresituationandGregor'spresence.Theyattempttomaintainnormalcybutareincreasinglyoverwhelmedanddistant.Hissister,Grete,isinitiallythemostcaringfigure,bringinghimfoodandtryingtounderstandhisneeds.Hercare,however,graduallydiminishesasthesituationbecomesunbearable,andsheeventuallyexpressesresentmentanddemandshisremoval.Herevolutionfromcaregivertoantagonistmarksasignificantturningpointintheplot,acceleratingGregor'sisolation.Themaidhiredbytheparentsfurtheremphasizesthefamily'sdiscomfortandcontributestoGregor'smistreatment,representingtheexternalsocietalviewofhimasmerefilth.Throughtheirinteractions–fear,neglect,andeventualindifference–thecharactersreinforcethemesofalienation,thebreakdownoffamilybondsunderpressure,andthedehumanizingeffectsofGregor'stransformationonbothhimandthosearoundhim.五、ThemotifofflyingorfloatingiscentraltoGregor'sphysicaltransformationandsignificantlycontributestothenarrative'sdevelopmentandsymbolicmeaning.Literally,histransformationgrantshimtheabilitytomovethroughtheair,butthisfreedomismeaninglessandultimatelyleadstohisentrapmentanddespair.Symbolically,theabilitytoflyrepresentsalossofconnectiontotheground,toreality,andtohumansociety.Itsignifieshiscompletealienationandremovalfromtheeverydayworld.Gregorcanphysicallyescapehisroombutcannotescapehispsychologicalconfinementorhisfamily'srejection.Thismotifunderscoreshisfeelingsofbeinganoutcast,analien,andultimately,likerefuse,somethingtobepushedaside.Theinabilitytocontrolthisflightorfindaplacetolandsymbolizesthelossofcontroloverone'sownlifeandidentity.Hisfinal,uncontrolledflightintothehallwayandhisdeathundertheViennesesubwaysuggestafinal,perhapsdesperate,attempttoreconnectorescape,endinginutterfailureandisolation,embodyingthetragicdimensionsofhisexistence.六、Comparing?DieVerwandlung“with?DerProcess“revealsseveralsimilaritiesanddifferencesinplotdevelopmentandnarrativetechniques.Bothstoriesfeatureprotagoniststrappedinbizarre,nightmarishsituationslargelyduetoabstract,seeminglyarbitraryforces(Kafka'sfictionalbureaucracies).BothGregorandJosefK.experiencealossofcontrolandaprocessofdehumanization,becomingobjectsoffearandridicule.Thenarrativeperspectiveinbothworksoftenblendsobjectivedescriptionwithinsightsintotheprotagonist'sincreasinglydesperateinnerstate,fosteringasenseofdreadandhelplessness.However,therearekeydifferences.In?DieVerwandlung“,theplotisprimarilydrivenbyasingle,bizarreevent(thetransformation)andfocusesintenselyonthepsychologicalandfamilialconsequencesw