2026年中考英語復(fù)習：語法填空解題技巧講義

語法填空口訣

動詞形、名詞數(shù)，代詞格、級形副，

分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)路，習慣用法要記住，

邏輯關(guān)系連詞突，介詞、冠詞各占一空。

中考英語語法填空，不論是單句填空還是短文填空，主要有兩種形式的空：用

所給詞（V、n^pron^adj^adv）的正確形式填空；無提示詞填空（prep、

conj、art）o說白了，中考就考四道題：

第一道題：動詞變形題是指括號中給出了一個動詞，需要對該動詞進

行形式變化才能符合句子要求的設(shè)題類型.此類沒題主要有兩個角度，其中的

一個角度就是考查動詞的自身變化【動詞的謂語形式（時、語態(tài)變化）及非謂語

形式（動詞不定式、動名詞、現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞】；另一個角度是考查動詞與

名詞、形容詞、副詞的相互變化【構(gòu)詞法知識】；

第二道題：名詞或代詞變形題名詞變形題指的是對所給名詞進行自

身變化（名詞的單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)、名詞變成名詞所有格）或者相互變化（名詞變形

容詞、名詞變動詞、名詞變副詞）【構(gòu)詞法知識】；代詞變形題主要考查代詞

的格（主格、賓格、形容詞性物主代詞、名詞性物主代詞和反身代詞的相互變

化。

第三道題：形容詞或副詞變形題形容詞或副詞變形題主要考查它們

的自身變化（級的變化：原級、比較級、最高級）或者相互變化（形容詞變副

詞、形容詞變成動詞、形容詞變成名詞、副詞變成形容詞）【構(gòu)詞法知識】；

第四道題：無提示詞填空題無提示填空題是一種在不給提示詞的前

提下，要求根據(jù)句意、句法或句子間邏輯關(guān)系而填空的設(shè)題。這里要填的主要

是介詞、連詞、冠詞、代詞it、關(guān)系代詞/副詞。由于不給提示詞，實際上加

大了解題的難度。解答此類題目（特別是要填的足連詞）時，首先要從句意上

去考慮，看看句意是否通順連貫。然后從句子結(jié)陶上去考慮，看看所填句子是

簡單句還是復(fù)合句，如果是復(fù)合句，就要考慮從句連接詞的選擇。最后從句子

間的邏輯上考慮，選擇適合句子間邏輯關(guān)系的詞進行填充。比如因果關(guān)系要考

慮so,because等；轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系要考慮but,though;并列關(guān)系要考慮and。如

果是缺關(guān)系代詞/關(guān)系副詞，則要根據(jù)定語從句的句子成分來定奪。而要填的是

介詞時，一定要關(guān)注空格前的動詞是不是vi,是vi要考慮其搭配，更要考慮空

格后的詞/短語的含義，選擇用合適的介詞。冠詞一般出現(xiàn)在名詞或名詞短語

前，特別是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前要考慮a/an。另外要注意習慣用法。

一、中考語法填空題的解題步驟：

1.讀首段首句，預(yù)猜文章大意;（若猜不出文章大意，就快速瀏覽全

文）；

2.邊讀邊認邊填；（看要填的空有無提示詞，有，是哪些詞？用以上的

方法去套用）

3.重讀以檢查核對。

動詞形（謂語形式和非謂語形式）

詞形填空自身變化名詞數(shù)（名詞變復(fù)數(shù)和所有格）

弋詞格（代詞主格、賓格、形容詞性

語法主代詞、名詞性物主代詞、反身代

詞）

級形副（形容詞、副詞的三級互

變）

填空相互變化（構(gòu)證法知識，n<=>v.<=>adj<=>adv.）

無提示詞填空（介詞、連詞、冠詞、代詞）

下面我們以2021年浙江省杭州市英語中考試卷為例，講解如何做題:

閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個單詞）或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

Allaroundtheworld,familiescelebratespecialdaystogether.

Traditionsforthesedays51（be）verydifferent.Someof

themmaysurpriseyou.

Familiesinmostcountrieshaveaspecialdaytocelebratemothers.

InSerbia,thisdayison52secondSundaybeforeChristinas.

Onthatday,childrensneak(溜)intotheir53(mother)

bedroomandtieherfeetwithribbon(絲帶)sothatshecan'tgetout

ofbed.Thentheyshout,“Mother'sDay,Mother'sDay!Whatwillyou

pay54_______(get)away?”Thenthemothergives55(they)small

treatsandpresentsaspaymentsothatthekids"free"her.

InChina,theysaythat56(baby)areoneyearoldwhen

theyareborn.Afterthat,allchiIdrencelebratetheirbirthdayon

NewYcar，sDaybecausethat*swhentheygrowayear57_______(old).

Actualbirthdaysare58(usual)celebratedwithabigfamily

mea1.Thetraditionisthat.thp"birthdayboy"or"birthdaygirl”

shouldfilltheirmouthwithasmanylongnoodles59theycan

andtheneatthem.ThisisbecauseinChineseculture,longnoodles

areasymbol60longlife.

解答分析：這篇短文語法填空題，首先讀苜段首句，預(yù)猜文章大意：我們讀

第一句就知道它是介紹“仝世界的家庭怎么在一起慶祝特別的日子”的。然后邊

讀邊認邊填。

51空是個動詞be,分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)我們知道be在這個句子作謂語，而時間

是thesedays,主語是復(fù)數(shù)名詞traditions,所以填are;

52空是無提示詞，根據(jù)句意和結(jié)構(gòu)，應(yīng)該填個冠詞the,因為空格后是個序

數(shù)詞second,表示特指;

53空是個名詞且在句中作定語，根據(jù)句意應(yīng)填mother的所有格(mother'

s)；

54空是動詞，分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)我們知道它作目的狀語,所以用非謂語動詞--

不定式toget;

55空是個代詞，代詞考查“格”，根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)，空格處是個賓語，應(yīng)填賓

Thousandsofyearslater,theoncebusy32rich

Jijiaocheng,whichisnowinatownofHunan,cametothenoticeof

themodernworld.Withthehelpofarchaeologists(考古學(xué)家)and

historians,artistspaintedrecreationsoflifeinJijiaochcngina

33(tradition)scroll(卷釉).

Thescrollwaspartofahugeproject.Agroupofartistsspent

twoyears34it.Itincludeseightpaintings,whichare140

meterslongintotal.It____35____(show)earlyhumanactivitieson

theLiyangPlainandtheprehistoriccultureinHunan.

部

Ib*

QiBaishiisaworld-famousartmasterinChina.

Hewasbornin16poorfamilyfromXiangtan,Hunan

province.Hewasatschoolforlessthanayearbecause17

illnesses.Oneday,hefoundaChinesepaintingguidebook-Jieziyuan

Huapu.Thebookinspiredhisinterestsinpainting18

(picture).Hedecided19(learn)byhimselfandlaterbecame

amasterofartthroughhishardwork.In1902,he20(start)

totravelaroundChina.Hevisitedfamousplaces,metmanypeopleand

sawdifferentkindsofartpieces.Theseexperienceshelpedhim

becomeoneofthe21(good)artistsofalltime.

22(He)paintingsaxegenerallyaboutthesniallthingsof

theworld,suchasfish,shrimps(蝦)andfrogs.MouseandCatwith

Lamp“isoneofthem.Inthepicture,amouseisstandingonthetop

ofalongpole(桿子).Underthepoleisacat.Theyaresolively

thatitlooks23theywouldjumpoutofthepapertofight.

Alltheworks24(create)byQiBaishiinafreshway,

whichexpressedhislovefornatureandlife.Histalentsandskills

amazedthewholeworldalot.Heis25(real)amasterof

artandtheprideofXiangtan.

C

Ireallyliketotravelaroundtheworldduringmyvacation.Last

summer,myfamilytookatriptoHengKong.Itwasa26.

(wonder)trip.Wewenttherebyplane,becausewewantedtogetthere

muchfasterandearlier.Wegotthereatabout11:00andwehadlunch

there.Forlunch,weatenoodles.Theywerecelicious.Theweatherthere

was27.(sun)andhot,sowedecidedtoswiminthesea.There

were28.least500peopleonthebeach.1sawanoldmandrawing

pictures.Heisanartistandheistrulytalented29.drawing.

Disneylandisoneofthe30.(good)placesinHongKong,

sowealsovisitedtheDisneyland.Aftervisitingit,wehadamealin

oneoftherestaurantsinthepark.Ifelttired,butmyparentsfelt

much31.(many)tiredthanIdid.So1wenttoseeMickeyMouse

andDonaldDuckbymyself.Everybody32.(know)Mickey

Mouse.Becauseheisthemostfamousandthe33.

(popular)cartooncharactersinalltheseDisneycartoons.

WestayedinHongKongforhalfamonth.Wetookmanyphotosthere

butwedidnotbuy34.(something)becausethethingsinthe

storeweretooexpensive.Afterthat,wewentbackhome.Thistripwas

fantastic.Weallhadan35.(enjoy)time.

D

Ed,WilliamandDanarethreeyoungmenwholovemusic.They've

lefttheircomfortablehomeswithouttakingany36(money)or

mobilephones.Theyplan37(walk)aroundthewholeBritain,

singingfordinnerandsleepinganywherelikefields.

EdandDanmetWilliamwhentheywereatschool.Theyallliked

walking.38theyfinishedschool,EdwenttostudyartinParis

andbecame39.artist.DanbecameagardenerandWilliama

bookseller.Theywerestillfriends,40theyweren'tvery

happywiththeirlives.

Onedaytheysaid,“Whydon'twestartwalking?”Andsotheydid.

Theylovesimpleactivities41thebusy,stressfulworld.

“Peopleoftenask42.(we)whywe'redoingthis.Butyou

knowit'sagreatlifeandwe'relearningsomuchonourjourney,

“saysWilliam43(proud).

Lastyparthey^tart.pdawehsitptot.pl1ppoplpa1otofstories

abouttheirwalks.Thisyearthey'dliketomakevideosandtell

44(many)stories.Nextyear,they45.(make)

CDoftheirsongsandstartcharity.Thefuturelooksgood.

E

Lastsummer,myfamilyandIwenttoEnglandandwespenttwoweeks

inCornwall.It1.(take)usfivehourstogottherebycar.

Wedidalotofdifferent2.(activity)there:Wewentfor

longwalks,playedgames,wentshoppingandswaminthelake.

Iplayed3______(happy)atfirst,butthensomethingterrible

happened(發(fā)生).

OnemorningIwenttotheforestnearthehotelby4.(I).I

walkedcindwalked.ZwalulledIliebirdssing5.thetreesand

tooksomephotos.WhenIgothungry,Iwantedtogobacktothehotel

forfood.6.____1couldn，tfindthewayback.Itried7.

(difference}ways.However,atlastI8.(be)still

inthesameplace?

〃0h,God!WhatshouldIdo?I'msoafraid!"Ithought.Laterit

startedtorain.Ididn'thave9.umbrellasoIwaswetand

cold.

Idecided10.(stay)underatreeandwaitedformy

parents.Afterafewhourstheyfoundme.ZtwasdarkandIwascold,

hungryandscared.1willnevergototheforestagain.

F

Laurahadahappyandunusualdaytoday.Lastnight,sheread

booksandl.(go)tobedverylate,^hismorningshedidn,t

hearthealarm(鬧鐘)atall.Whenshewokeup,2.wasalready

8:30.Shehadtoreachschoolby8:50,soshewas3.abig

hurry.Shehadaqirckhrpakfast,gotherschoolhag,and4.

(ride)herbiketoschool.Sheevenhadnotimetosayhelloto

herfriendsonthewaytoschool.

Atlunchtime,shelookedeverywhereforherlunchbox,5.

shedidn，thaveanyluck.Afewminutes6.(late),she

foundherlunchboxwasstillsittinginthekitchenathome.Shefelt

sad,tiredand7.(hunger)withoutlunch,andtears(眼淚)

startedcomingdownherface.SeeingLauraunhappy,alltheother

classmatescametoher,asking8.happened.Whentheyfoundout

shehadnolunch,theysharedtheirfoodwithher.Soontherewere

different9.(kind)offruits,drinksandfoodsonLaura's

desk.

She10.(enjoy)hexselfwhenshehadherrichlunch.Lauxa

hadquiteaspeciallunchtoday.

G

Howmuchdoyouknowabout1.NovelCoronavirus(新型冠狀

病毒)？Let'stakealookatit.

MynameisCoronavirusbecauseIlook2.acrown(王

冠).Iamverytiny.Youcan'tseemewithyoureyes.3.________I

livewithanimals,Idon'thurl(傷害)people.Butsomeone4.

(do)harm;傷害)tothenature.Then,Icanjumpfromaninals

tohumans.Peopleareafraid5.mebecauseIcanmakethem

6.(get)sickandtheywillshowsomesymptoms(癥狀)，such

aspneumonia(肺炎)，cough(咳嗽)andfever(發(fā)燒).Icanjumpfrom

onepersontoanotherand7.(make)manypeoplesick.That's

whypeopleneed8.(stay)athomeandhidefromme.But

therearesome9.(way)tocure《治愈)thesickness.

Doctors,nursesandscientistsareworkingvery10.(hard)

tohelpthepeoplethatgotsickbecauseofme.Ithinkmytimewill

hpoverwhenspringhasblossoms(開花).1/fpwillhecomAhptt.pr

soon.

H

Everyonehashishobby(愛好).Myhobbyiswriting.1.

Iwasyoung,IusedtowatchTVathomealldayandmy

parentsworriedaboutmealot.

Onoday,nyfathertookmotomyaunt'shomo.WhenIgot

there,1sawmycousin2.(write)inhisroom.1rantohin

andsaid,“Writingisboring.Whynotgoouttoplaygames?That's

moreinteresting.

Mycousinsaid,“Idon,tthinkso.Writingisinteresting,

andIcanhavealotof3.(happy)inwriting.Thenhe4.

(show)musomeofhisshortsLuriesandpociiib.Myface5.

(turn)redatthattime.Iwastwoyearsolderthanhim,6.

Icouldn，twritewell.Thatdaymycousintoldmemanythings

abouthiswriting.Afterthat,Ibecame7.(interest)in

writing.

NowwhenIreadsomegoodarticles,Ialwayswrite8.

(they)down.二amalsogladtowritesomethinginmyblog(博

客).Iwould1iketosharemyideas9.myfriends.Ieven10.

(win)thefirstplaceinthewritingcompetitioninourschool

lastmonth.Thatmademeveryhappy.

I

Aliceisayoungwoman.Shelikestoexercisetokeep1.

(health).Shewalksfivekilometersbeforebreakfastevery

morning,andgoesswimmingtwice2._____weekattheswimmingpool.

Shedocsn，tsmokeandneverdrinks.Shedocsn'tcatchocolate,and

shedoesn，teatsweetfood.

Onpday,Alicesawaman3(sit)-nachair.HRhadno

teeth.Helookedveryoldandweak.4.,hehadabigsmileon

hisface,andhiseyesshowedhishappiness.

Alicethoughthewasoldandclever.Shethoughthemust5.

(is)morethan90yearsold,sosheaskedhimaboutthesecret

(秘密)ofahappyoldage.

Themanin6.hairsaid,〃Mysecretforhappiness?Ismoko

everyday,anddrinkthreebottlesofwineeveryday.1eat

hamburgers,IeatchocolateandInevereatvegetables.Idon，twalk

anywhere7.______playsports.Isit8.(watch)TVallday.”

Alicecouldn'tunderstand.Shewantedtoknowhowthemangotto

besooldwhenhe9.______(do)everythingwrong.Shethoughthe

shouldbesickandunhappy.

“How10.(elder)areyou?”sheasked.

〃lt'smybirthdaytoday,“saidtheman."Iamforty-seven.

J

TnNovember1979,pupi1sinEngland1._____(be)towatchanew

TVprogram2.(call)Monkey.Mostofthemwerehearingthis

storyforthefirsttime.However,thisstoryisnotnewtoChinese

children.TheMonkeyKingorSunWukongis3.maincharacter

inthetraditionalChinesebookJourneytotheWest.

TheMonkeyKingisnotjustanynornalmonkey.4.

fact,hesometimesdoesnotevenlook5.amonkey!Thisis

becausehecanmake72changestohisshapeandsize,turninghimself

intodifferentanimalsandobjects.But6.hecanhidehis

tail,hecannotturnhimselfintoaman.7.(fight)bad

people,theMonkeyKingusesamagicstick.Sometimeshecanmake

thesticksosmall8.hecankeepitinhisear.Atother

times,heisabletomakeitbigandlong.

TheMonkeyK：nghasexcitedthpchidrpnofChinaformany

years.Andassoon9.theTVprogramcameoutmorethan30

yearsago,Westernchildrenbecameinterestedinreadingthisstory

becausethecleverMonkeyKingkeepsfightingtohelptheweakand

nevergives10..

K

YoumighthavehoardthestoryofTheTortoiseandtheHare(《龜兔

賽跑》).Theharelostbecausehewassleepinginstead1.

keepingrunningduringtherace.However,thereisanothermore

interestingstory.

Onceupon2.______time,arabbit:家兔)andaturtle(海龜)

werearguingaboutwhowasfaster.Nobodycouldgiveananswer,3.

______theydecidedtohavearace.

Beforetherace,thestoryTheTortoiseandtheHare4.

(remind)therabbitofhisfriend,thehare."Heshouldbe

abletoteach5.(I)ausefullesson."So,hecalledthehare.z，

HowcanT6.____(win)therace?”heasked.The