/

第5講

形容詞和副詞

/高考鏈接考點解讀實戰(zhàn)演練答案速查【聽】單句填空1.［2024·新課標Ⅰ卷］The

latest

engineering

techniques

are

applied

to

create

this

protective

__________(function)

structure

that

is

also

beautiful.functional[解析]

考查形容詞。空處修飾名詞structure，應用形容詞functional作定語。故填functional。2.［2024·新課標Ⅰ卷］In

cold

weather,the

structure

stays

_______(close)

to

protect

the

plants.closed[解析]

考查形容詞。stays是系動詞，其后接形容詞closed作表語，表示“關閉的”。故填closed。3.[2024·全國甲卷]

Yellowstone

was

the

_______(large)

United

States

national

park—2.2

million

acres—until

Wrangell-Saint

Elias

in

southern

Alaska,

which

became

a

national

monument

in

1978,

took

the

honours

as

a

national

park

in

1980

with

12.3

million

acres.largest[解析]

考查形容詞最高級。根據(jù)句意及本空前的定冠詞the可知，空處用large的最高級largest作定語。故填largest。4.[2023·新高考全國Ⅱ卷]

…I

have

been

helping

the

panda

keepers

at

the

zoo

to

feel

more

comfortable

and__________(confidence)

speaking

English.confident[解析]

考查形容詞。根據(jù)and可知,本空和空前的形容詞comfortable并列,應用形容詞形式。故填confident。5.[2023·新高考全國Ⅱ卷]

So,

what

are

they

learning?

_________(basic),

how

to

describe

a

panda's

life.Basically[解析]

考查副詞。本空置于句首,用逗號和句子隔開,在句中作狀語,應用副詞形式。故填Basically。考點一

形容詞、副詞的用法形容詞用法:修飾名詞時作定語,跟在系動詞后作表語,跟在賓語后作賓補;副詞用法:修飾動詞,修飾形容詞或副詞,單獨作狀語。Doing

exercise

will

make

you

healthy.鍛煉能使你身體健康。He

walked

home

slowly

while

talking

to

himself.他一邊自言自語,一邊慢慢地走回家。［溫馨提示］

有些副詞,如fortunately,

luckily,

surprisingly,

honestly,

actually,

personally

等,作評注性狀語時往往修飾整個句子,對整個句子進行說明或解釋,表示說話人的態(tài)度與看法。它們通常位于句首,常用逗號與句子分開。Surprisingly,

no

one

in

the

class

could

work

out

the

problem.令人驚訝的是,班里沒人能解決這個問題?！炯挤ㄓ柧氁弧?.[2023·全國甲卷]

_________(difference)

from

traditional

fables,

Carson's

story

ends

with

an

accusation

instead

of

a

moral.Different[解析]

考查形容詞。根據(jù)句意可知,此處是形容詞短語作狀語。故填Different。2.[2023·浙江1月考]

The

term

“hutong”,

__________

(original)

meaning

“water

well”

in

Mongolian,

appeared

first

during

the

Yuan

Dynasty.originally[解析]

考查副詞?？崭裉幮揎梽釉~meaning需要填副詞形式。故填originally。3.[2023·浙江1月考]

The

hutongs

they

formed

were

orderly,

lined

by

_________(space)

homes

and

walled

gardens.spacious[解析]

考查形容詞?？崭裉幮枰钚稳菰~作定語修飾空格后的名詞homes。故填spacious。4.[2023·北京卷]

Soon

after

moving

to

Switzerland,

I

threw

a

house-warming

party

and

was

greatly

surprised

when

all

30

guests

showed

up

________(exact)

on

time.exactly[解析]

考查副詞。此處修飾介詞短語on

time，應用副詞exactly,故填exactly。5.[2023·新高考全國Ⅰ卷]

Xiao

long

bao

(soup

dumplings),

those

amazing

constructions

of

delicate

dumpling

wrappers

encasing

hot,

______(taste)

soup

and

sweet,

fresh

meat,

are

far

and

away

my

favourite

Chinese

street

food.tasty[解析]

考查形容詞。此處修飾后面的名詞

soup作定語,應用形容詞tasty

表示“美味的”。故填tasty。考點二

形容詞、副詞的比較級“as+adj./adv.+as”結構要使用原級。The

building

is

as

tall

as

the

tree.這幢樓和這棵樹一樣高。比較級前可用much,

far,

a

lot,

a

little,

a

bit,

rather,

even,

still,

a

great

deal等表示程度,但比較級前不能再用more。She

sings

far/much

better

than

the

others.她唱得比別人好得多。比較級前除了可以用程度詞修飾外,還可用倍數(shù)、分數(shù)、百分數(shù)修飾。用倍數(shù)修飾時,通常用以下結構:(1)A+is+倍數(shù)+as+原級+as+B.(2)A+is+倍數(shù)+比較級+than+B.(1)This

tree

is

three

times

as

tall

as

that

one.這棵樹是那棵樹的三倍高。(2)The

dictionary

is

exactly

five

times

more

expensive

than

that

one.這本字典比那本恰好貴四倍。續(xù)表(3)A+is+倍數(shù)+the

size/length/weight/height…+of+B.［溫馨提示］用times表示倍數(shù)時,一般只限于三倍或三倍以上的數(shù),表示兩倍常用twice或double。(3)The

newly

broadened

square

is

four

times

the

size

of

the

previous

one.新擴建的廣場是以前那個的四倍大?！胺穸ㄔ~+比較級”表示最高級意義。There

is

no

greater

love

than

that

given

by

parents

in

the

world.父母之愛是世間最偉大的愛。續(xù)表考點三

比較結構的幾種固定句型“the+比較級…,the+比較級…”結構,意為“越……,越……”。The

higherthe

mountain,

the

purerthe

air.山越高,空氣越純凈。“比較級+and+比較級”結構,意為“越來越……”,表示程度逐漸變化。The

weather

is

getting

warmer

and

warmer.天氣越來越熱了。A

is

to

B

what

C

is

to

D

意為“A對于B就如C對于D”。Engines

are

to

machines

what

hearts

are

to

animals.發(fā)動機對于機器就如同心臟對于動物。can't

be

too+adj.=can't

be+adj.+enough,意為“無論……都不為過,越……越好”。You

can

never

be

too

careful.=You

can

never

be

careful

enough.你無論怎么小心都不為過。續(xù)表考點四

形近副詞的區(qū)別hard努力地hardly幾乎不late晚lately最近close(具體)距離近地closely(抽象)密切地high(具體)在高處highly(抽象)高度地deep(具體)在深處deeply(抽象)深深地wide(具體)充分地widely(抽象)廣泛地【技法訓練二】1.[2023·浙江1月考]

Their

siheyuan

were

far

smaller

in

scale

and

________(simple)

in

design

and

decoration,

and

the

hutongs

were

narrower.simpler[解析]

考查形容詞比較級。根據(jù)句子結構和and可知,空格處需要填形容詞比較級和前面的smaller構成并列結構作表語。故填simpler。2.[2022·全國甲卷]

…in

2016,

he

reached

the

top

of

Kilimanjaro,

Africa's

________(high)

mountain.highest[解析]

考查形容詞最高級。根據(jù)空前Africa's可知,此處表示乞力馬扎羅山是非洲最高的山脈,用形容詞最高級。故填highest。3.[2022·全國乙卷]

As

a

main

promoter

of

the

International

Tea

Day,

the

birthplace

of

tea

and

the

_______(large)

tea-producing

country,

China

has

a

responsibility

to

work

with

other

countries

to

promote

the

healthy

development

of

the

tea

industry.largest[解析]

考查形容詞最高級。根據(jù)空前定冠詞the和常識可知,中國是最大的產(chǎn)茶國,所以空處用形容詞的最高級形式。故填largest。4.[2021·新高考全國Ⅰ卷]

The

amazing

thing

about

the

spring

is

that

the

colder

the

temperature

gets,

the

_______(hot)

the

spring!hotter[解析]

考查形容詞的比較級。此處為“the+比較級,the+比較級”結構,意為“越……,越……”。故填hotter。5.[2021·浙江6月考]

When

the

house

was

built,

it

was

much

________(small)

than

it

is

today.smaller[解析]

考查形容詞的比較級。由than可知,此處需要填small的比較級,故填smaller。Ⅰ

單句填空1.We

stopped

at

the

different

gates

and

watchtowers

to

take

pictures

or

just

to

watch

the

local

people

going

about

their

______(day)

routines.daily[解析]

考查形容詞。此處表示

“日常生活”,修飾routines,應用形容詞,故填daily。2.Plastic

straws

are

by

no

means

the

________(big)

source

of

plastic

pollution,

but

they've

recently

come

under

fire.biggest[解析]

考查形容詞最高級。修飾名詞應該用形容詞,且根據(jù)定冠詞the

可知此處應該用形容詞的最高級形式,故填biggest。3.This

may

be

due

to

some

disadvantages

for

people

living

in

the

countryside,

including

______(low)

levels

of

income

and

education,

higher

costs

of

healthy

foods,

and

fewer

sports

facilities.lower[解析]

考查形容詞比較級。分析句子結構可知，…levels

of

income

and

education與higher

costs

of

healthy

foods和fewer

sports

facilities是并列關系,前后結構要一致。由higher和fewer可知low要用形容詞的比較級形式,故填lower。4.As

the

small

boat

moved

_______(gentle)

along

the

river

he

was

left

speechless

by

the

mountains

being

silently

reflected

in

the

water.gently[解析]

考查副詞。此處修飾動詞moved應用副詞gently作狀語,表示“緩緩地”。故填gently。5.In

the

18th

and

19th

centuries,

________(wealth)

people

travelled

and

collected

plants,

historical

objects

and

works

of

art.wealthy[解析]

考查形容詞。此處修飾名詞people,應使用形容詞,作定語。故填wealthy。6.Not

everyone

has

realized

that

wildlife

has

thoughts,

feelings,

and

most

____________(important),

equal

rights

to

survive.importantly[解析]

考查副詞。此處需填副詞importantly作狀語。故填importantly。7.The

phrase

___________(apparent)

traces

its

origins

to

a

post

earlier

this

year

in

an

online

forum

run

by

the

Chinese

search

giant

Baidu.apparently[解析]

考查副詞。分析句子成分可知,traces為句子謂語動詞,意為“追溯”,所以這里用副詞來修飾動詞,作狀語。故填apparently。8.With

huge

amounts

of

water

to

use,

it

raised

different

______________(environment)

concerns.environmental[解析]

考查形容詞。分析句子可知,句中concerns為名詞,前面應用形容詞修飾,environment的形容詞形式為environmental,意為“環(huán)境的”,作定語。故填environmental。9.__________(incredible),

around

1,500

workers

spent

just

nine

hours

completing

the

construction

of

a

new

train

station

in

Fujian

Province,

southern

China.Incredibly[解析]

考查副詞?？仗幱酶痹~incredibly

(難以置信地)作狀語,修飾后面整個句子,單詞位于句首,首字母大寫。故填Incredibly。10.I

enjoyed

myself

at

the

party

last

night

because

I

had

never

been

to

a

______________(exciting)

one

before.more

exciting[解析]

考查比較級。根據(jù)句意可知此處用“否定詞+比較級”結構表示最高級意義,意為“沒有比……更……;沒有像……一樣……”。exciting屬于多音節(jié)形容詞,故填more

exciting。Ⅱ

語法填空

[2024·安徽皖江名校聯(lián)盟高三二模]

China

Mobile,

the

world's

largest

telecom

carrier

by

mobile

subscribers,

has

successfully

launched

the

world's

first

satellite

1.________(test)

6G

architecture,

marking

a

milestone

in

its

efforts

to

explore

integrated

space

and

ground

communication

technology.to

test12345678910

The

low-earth

orbit

test

satellite

is

2.____

world's

first

to

employ

6G

design

architecture,

and

it

3.______________(launch)

on

Saturday

along

with

another

satellite

that

comes

with

China

Mobile's

5G

technology.thewas

launched12345678910

The

6G

test

satellite

hosts

a

distributed

autonomous

architecture

for

6G,

4._______

was

jointly

developed

by

China

Mobile

and

the

Chinese

Academy

of

Sciences'

Innovation

Academy

for

Microsatellites.

The

system,

using

domestic

software

and

hardware,

supports

in-orbit

software

reconstruction,

flexible

deployment

of

core

network

functions

and

automated

management,

5.___________(enhance)

the

efficiency

and

reliability

of

the

in-orbit

operation

of

the

satellite

core

network,

China

Mobile

said.whichenhancing12345678910

Set

at

an

orbit

6._______(high)

of

approximately

500

kilometres,

these

7._____________(experiment)

satellites

offer

advantages

such

as

low

latency

(延遲)

and

high

data

transfer

rates

8.__________(compare)

with

high-orbit

satellites

which

travel

at

36,000

kilometres.heightexperimentalcompared12345678910

Positioned

9.____

a

crucial

platform

for

future

integrated

space

and

ground

networks,

low-earth

orbit

satellites

can

address

telecom

signal

coverage

gaps

in

land

mobile

networks,

providing

higher

bandwidth

satellite

Internet

services

10.________(global),

according

to

China

Mobile.asglobally【文章大意】本文是一篇新聞報道。世界上移動用戶最多的電信運營商中國移動成功發(fā)射了世界上第一顆測試6G架構的衛(wèi)星，標志著其探索空間和地面綜合通信技術的努力具有里程碑意義。123456789101.________to

test[解析]

考查非謂語動詞。名詞由序數(shù)詞修飾，后跟不定式作后置定語。故填to

test。2.____the[解析]

考查冠詞。序數(shù)詞前用定冠詞the。故填the。123456789103.______________was

launched[解析]

考查動詞時態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。主語與謂語構成被動關系，根據(jù)后文on

Saturday可知，發(fā)生在過去，用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)，主語是it，謂語用單數(shù)。故填was

launched。4._______which[解析]

考查定語從句。此句是非限制性定語從句，關系詞在從句中作主語，指物。故填which。123456789105.___________enhancing[解析]

考查非謂語動詞。此句是分詞作狀語，enhance與system構成主動關系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。故填enhancing。6._______height[解析]

考查名詞?？仗幾鹘樵~的賓語，應用名詞height。故填height。123456789107._____________experimental[解析]

考查形容詞。空處修飾名詞satellites，應用形容詞experimental。故填experimental。8.__________compared[解析]

考查非謂語動詞。be

compared

with表示“與……相比”，此處用過去分詞作狀語。故填compared。123456789109.____as[解析]

考查介詞。此處表示“作為”之意，應用as。故填as。10.________globally[解析]

考查副詞。空處修飾動詞providing，應用副詞globally。故填globally。12345678910Ⅲ

語法與寫作—形容詞、副詞在寫作中的運用1.[2021·新高考全國Ⅰ卷讀后續(xù)寫]

___________________,

Mother

held

the

twins

with

her

warm

arms

as

well.母親既感動又激動,她也用溫暖的手臂抱著這對雙胞胎。Moved

and

excited2.[2020·浙江1月考讀后續(xù)寫]

_______________________________,

Poppy

kept

running

and

barking

at

the

new

family

member.波比很高興,但也有點緊張。它不停地跑,對新來的家庭成員不停地吠叫。Cheerful

and

yet

a

little

nervous3._____________________________________,

we

reached

the

top

of

the

mountain

and

stop