/第8講介詞/●單句填空1.[2024·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ卷]TheGlasshousestandsagreatachievementincontemporarydesign,tohousetheplantsofthesouthwesternpartofChinaattheendofapathretracing(追溯)thestepsalongtheSilkRoute…

2.[2024·新課標(biāo)Ⅱ卷]IhappentoknowthatTang’splayThePeonyPavilion(《牡丹亭》)issimilarinsomewaysRomeoandJuliet.

3.[2024·全國甲卷]Thisarea,with…uniqueandbreathtakingnaturalbeauty,mustbewellpreservedallpeopleofthenationtoenjoy—asanationalpark.

4.[2024·北京卷]Ithoughtmyself,“Whywouldhecarryallhisbooks?”

5.[2023·新高考全國Ⅰ卷]There,you’llfindthemprepareddifferently—moredumplingandlesssoup—andthewrappersarepressedhandratherthanrolled.

6.[2023·全國甲卷]Shewarnsoftheenvironmentaldangersfacingsociety,andsheteachesthatpeoplemusttakeresponsibilitysavingtheirenvironment.

考點(diǎn)一介詞的基本用法和區(qū)別常用介詞in,on,for,with,of,as,to,beyond,across等含義較多,應(yīng)全面把握。表示時(shí)間用法與區(qū)別例句at,in,onat表示在某一具體時(shí)刻、某時(shí)間點(diǎn);in表示在一段較長的時(shí)間;on表示在特定的日子、具體的日期、星期及節(jié)日等。atseveno’clock在七點(diǎn)鐘intheevening在晚上onarainyday在一個(gè)下雨天during,in二者都表示“在一段時(shí)間內(nèi)”。但during更強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間的延續(xù),可以表示在一段時(shí)間內(nèi)自始至終的狀態(tài);當(dāng)需要準(zhǔn)確說明動(dòng)作發(fā)生的具體時(shí)間時(shí)則用in。during/insummer在夏天duringthewholemonth整整一個(gè)月in,after二者后都可接時(shí)間段,表示“……之后”。in通常用來表示某個(gè)事件將在未來的某段時(shí)間內(nèi)發(fā)生,強(qiáng)調(diào)的是一個(gè)時(shí)間段或時(shí)間框架;after用于表示某個(gè)事件發(fā)生在另一個(gè)事件之后,通常強(qiáng)調(diào)的是時(shí)間的順序。這兩者在時(shí)間表達(dá)上有不同的側(cè)重點(diǎn),使用時(shí)要根據(jù)具體的語境來選擇。Myfatherwillbebackintwoweeks.我父親兩周后回來。Shewillneverforgetthemomentwhenshesawalltheaudienceclappingtheirhandsandcheeringafterherperformance.她永遠(yuǎn)不會忘記在她的表演結(jié)束后,看到所有觀眾鼓掌歡呼的那一刻。(續(xù)表)表示時(shí)間用法與區(qū)別例句for,sincefor后接表示一段時(shí)間的單詞或短語,since后接表示某一具體時(shí)間點(diǎn)的單詞或短語。由for短語或since短語作時(shí)間狀語的句子常用完成時(shí)態(tài)或完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。IhavebeenlearningEnglishforover20years.我學(xué)英語二十多年了。Ihavelivedheresincelastyear.自從去年我就住在這里。before,by二者都可表示“在……之前”,但by含有“最晚不遲于……,到……為止”的意思。如果by后是表示將來的時(shí)間,則與將來時(shí)或?qū)硗瓿蓵r(shí)連用,如果是表示過去的時(shí)間,則與過去完成時(shí)連用。Iwillbebackbeforesuppertime.晚飯前我會回來。Supperwillbereadyby6pm.晚飯將在6點(diǎn)之前準(zhǔn)備好。(包括6點(diǎn))by,untilby表示到什么時(shí)候?yàn)橹箘?dòng)作已經(jīng)完成,而until表示動(dòng)作持續(xù)到什么時(shí)候。在終止性動(dòng)詞作謂語的否定句式中,二者通用。CanyourepairmybikebyFriday?星期五之前你能修好我的自行車嗎?Theworkwon’tbefinishedby/untiltomorrow.這項(xiàng)工作明天才能完成。表示方位、空間用法與區(qū)別例句over,above,onover主要強(qiáng)調(diào)覆蓋某一物體或在某一物體的正上方;above強(qiáng)調(diào)在上方,但不一定在正上方,而且還可指溫度、海拔等刻度“在……之上”;on表示接觸或由某一表面支撐著,意為“在……上面”。Thebridgeovertheriverhasalonghistory.河上的這座橋有很長的歷史了。Theplaneflewabovetheclouds.飛機(jī)在云層上面飛過。Withanimportantmeetingtoattend,MrBrownhurriedtotheoffice,withthefoodonthetableuntouched.由于要參加一個(gè)重要會議,布朗先生匆匆趕到辦公室,桌上的食物一絲沒動(dòng)。under,below,beneathunder強(qiáng)調(diào)在某一物體的正下方,是over的反義詞;below指在下方,但不一定是正下方,是above的反義詞;beneath表示“在……之下”,常與below互換,但below較常用,beneath多用于正式文體中。Sheplacedtheladderunderthewindow.她把梯子放在窗戶下面。Pleasedonotwritebelowthisline.請不要寫到這條線下面。between,amongbetween一般用于兩者之間,也可用于三者或三者以上,此時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)每兩者之間的關(guān)系或某物體與一組特定的可分離的事物之間的關(guān)系;among常用于三者或三者以上,指數(shù)目不確定的事物之間。Thehousestandsbetweentwofarms.這座房子位于兩個(gè)農(nóng)場之間。Thevillageliesamonghills.這個(gè)村莊位于群山之中。across,through,past,overacross強(qiáng)調(diào)穿過某一平面;through強(qiáng)調(diào)從某一空間內(nèi)通過;past強(qiáng)調(diào)從某事物的一旁經(jīng)過;over強(qiáng)調(diào)從一邊到另一邊或越過某一高度。Becarefulenoughwhilewalkingacrossthestreet.過馬路時(shí)務(wù)必小心。Walkthroughthegateandyou’llseetherestroom.穿過大門你就會看到洗手間。WedrovepasttheGreatHallofthePeople.我們開車經(jīng)過人民大會堂。Theyranoverthegrass.他們跑過草地。(續(xù)表)表示“用……”用法與區(qū)別例句with,by,inwith多指用工具、身體的某部位或器官;by指使用方法、手段;in指使用某種語言或材料等。WhatcanIcutthecakewith?我可以用什么切蛋糕?Wecouldtakethetrainoralternativelygobycar.我們可以坐火車,也可以坐汽車。HemadethespeechinEnglish.他用英語做演講。Don’twriteitinpencil.Writeitinink,please.不要用鉛筆寫,請用墨水寫?？键c(diǎn)二介詞的固定搭配1.與介詞at搭配的常用短語atnight在夜里atthecinema在電影院atbreakfast在吃早飯時(shí) athome在家里atwork在上班 atschool在上學(xué)atthemoment此刻 atChristmas在圣誕節(jié)atnotime決不 atonetime一度,曾經(jīng)2.與介詞in搭配的常用短語indanger處于危險(xiǎn)之中 inaminute一會兒之后intheway妨礙,擋路 inaway在某種程度上innoway決不 ingeneral通常,大體上indetail詳細(xì)地 inturn輪流inreturn作為回報(bào) inneed處于困難中的3.與介詞by搭配的常用短語byaccident偶然地,意外地byair乘飛機(jī)bybirth在血統(tǒng)上;生來bychance偶然地,無意中bycomparison比較起來bycontrast對比之下bydesign故意地,蓄意地byhand手工制的,(信)由專人送的bymistake錯(cuò)誤地4.與介詞for搭配的常用短語forcompany陪著forever永遠(yuǎn)forexample/instance例如forfun為了好玩forlong長久forshort簡稱5.與介詞on搭配的常用短語ontime按時(shí) onguard在值勤onbusiness辦事,出差 onholiday在度假onstrike在罷工 ondisplay展示,陳列onaverage平均起來,按平均數(shù)計(jì)算6.其他常考短語beabsentfrom缺席,不在beangryabout為……生氣accordingto根據(jù)beboredwith對……厭煩insteadof而不是●Ⅰ單句填空1.Itwasbuiltoriginallytoprotectthecity

theTangDynastyandhasnowbeencompletelyrestored.2.Thestudyfoundthatbetween1985and2017,averageruralBMIincreased2.1inwomenandmen.

3.In1844theyboughtit$1,200andsomelandfromCharlesDresser…

4.Theartistwasfinallyhumbledbythegreatestartistearth,MotherNature.

5.Modernmethodstrackingpolarbearpopulationshavebeenemployedonlysincethemid-1980s,andareexpensivetoperformconsistentlyoveralargearea.

6.thedozensofLEED-certifiedbuildingsinTaiwan,Taipei101isthemostnotablerecipient.

7.IthaslongbeenadreamfortheLaopeopletoseetheircountrychangefromalandlockedcountrya“l(fā)and-linkedone”.

8.Aftertakingmypulse,lookingatmytongue,andaskingafewquestionsmydietandlifestyle,theacupuncturistcorrectlyreasonedthatIwaswornout.

●Ⅱ語法填空[2024·福建三明高三三模]Azipperrunsalonga40-centimetre-tallporcelainvasewithitstopslightlyopen.Theartpiece,not1.(original)designedthatway,hasbeenrepairedbyNieChao.2.repairedvasewonNiethenewtalentawardattheBaiheCup,anartandcraftdesignandinnovationcompetition,wheremorethan3,000piecesorsetsofworkwereshown.Thecompetition3.(hold)duringthesecondeditionoftheChinaArtsandCraftsExpoinNanjing,JiangsuProvince,inSeptember2021.

Asthe4.(five)generationinheritorofhisfamily’sceramic-repairskills,Niehasdevotedhimselftobetterpreservingthem,aswellas5.(bring)traditionalChineseengravingskillsandmod