山西2025自考[嬰幼兒發(fā)展與健康管理]英語（二）模擬題及答案一、選擇題（共20題，每題1分，計20分）1.WhichofthefollowingisNOTatypicalsignoflanguagedevelopmentininfantsaged12-18months?A.Babbleswithconsonant-vowelcombinations(如"babada").B.Usessimplewordslike"mama"or"dada"withspecificmeanings.C.Followssimpleone-stepinstructions(如"givemetheball").D.Beginstoformshort,meaningfulsentences(如"Iwantwater").2.Whatistheprimaryroleofomega-3fattyacidsinaninfant'sbraindevelopment?A.Enhancingmusclegrowth.B.Supportingretinalhealth.C.Promotingcognitivefunctionandneuralconnectivity.D.Strengtheningimmuneresponse.3.Accordingtothe"sensitiveperiod"theory,whichstageismostcriticalforlanguageacquisitionininfants?A.Adolescence.B.Earlychildhood(0-3years).C.Adulthood.D.Neonatalperiod.4.Whatis"strangeranxiety"mostlikelytobeobservedininfantsaround8-12monthsold?A.Fearofloudnoises.B.Warinessofunfamiliarpeople.C.Discomfortwithnewfoods.D.Resistancetobedtimeroutines.5.Whichofthefollowingisarecommendedsleeppracticeforpromotinghealthyinfantdevelopment?A.Co-sleepingwithparentseverynight.B.Allowinginfantstosleepwithelectronicdevices.C.Establishingaconsistentbedtimeroutine.D.Lettinginfantssleepontheirstomachs.6.Whatdoes"attachmenttheory"suggestabouttheimportanceofbondingwithcaregivers?A.Ithasnolong-termimpactonemotionalhealth.B.Itprimarilyaffectsphysicalgrowth.C.Itformsthefoundationforsecurerelationshipslaterinlife.D.Itisunnecessaryifinfantsareprovidedwithbasicneeds.7.Whichofthefollowingisacommonsignofinfantreadinessforsolidfoods?A.Sittingwithoutsupport.B.Showinginterestinfamilymeals.C.Losingthetongue-thrustreflex.D.Alloftheabove.8.Whatistherecommendeddailyscreentimelimitforinfantsunder18months?A.30minutes.B.1hour.C.Noscreentimeisallowed.D.2hours.9.Whichnutrientdeficiencyismostcommonlyassociatedwithinfantanemia?A.VitaminD.B.Iron.C.Calcium.D.Zinc.10.Whatis"self-regulation"ininfantstypicallydefinedas?A.Theabilitytocontrolemotionsandbehaviors.B.Improvedsleeppatterns.C.Fastermotorskilldevelopment.D.Enhancedcognitiveproblem-solving.11.Whichofthefollowingisakeycomponentofresponsivecaregivingforinfants?A.Ignoringcriestoteachthemindependence.B.Respondingconsistentlyandsensitivelytotheirneeds.C.Usingharshtonestodiscipline.D.Overstimulatingthemwithloudnoises.12.Whatisthe"criticalperiod"formotorskilldevelopmentininfants?A.3-6months.B.12-18months.C.18-24months.D.24-36months.13.Whichofthefollowingisarecommendedwaytoencouragelanguagedevelopmentininfants?A.Limitingverbalinteraction.B.Readingaloudtothemregularly.C.Usingelectronicbabytalk.D.Waitinguntiltheystartschoolforformaleducation.14.Whatisthepurposeof"tummytime"forinfants?A.Tostrengthenneckmuscles.B.Toimprovesleepquality.C.Toenhancevisualtracking.D.Toincreaseappetite.15.Whichofthefollowingisacommoncauseofcolicininfants?A.Overfeeding.B.Lackofexercise.C.Gasanddigestiveissues.D.Inheritedgenetictraits.16.Whatistherecommendedtemperaturerangeforaninfant'ssleepenvironment?A.70-75°F(21-24°C).B.75-80°F(24-27°C).C.65-70°F(18-21°C).D.80-85°F(27-29°C).17.Whichofthefollowingisatypicaldevelopmentalmilestonefor18-month-oldinfants?A.Walkingindependently.B.Sayingsimplesentences.C.Recognizingfamiliarnames.D.Alloftheabove.18.Whatisthe"terribletwos"primarilyassociatedwith?A.Improvedlanguageskills.B.Heightenedemotionaloutbursts.C.Enhancedfinemotorcontrol.D.Increasedsocialinteraction.19.WhichofthefollowingisariskfactorforSuddenInfantDeathSyndrome(SIDS)?A.Sleepingontheirback.B.Room-sharingwithparents.C.Exposuretosecondhandsmoke.D.Usingafirmsleepsurface.20.Whatistherecommendedapproachforintroducinghealthyeatinghabitstoinfants?A.Forcingthemtoeatnewfoods.B.Offeringavarietyofnutritiousfoodsandallowingself-pacing.C.Punishingthemforrefusingvegetables.D.Limitingfoodchoicestoonlysweetitems.二、填空題（共10題，每題1分，計10分）1.Theprocessbywhichinfantslearntoregulatetheiremotionsandbehaviorsiscalled_________.2.Anutritiousdietrichin_________and_________isessentialforinfantgrowth.3.The"terribletwos"ofteninvolvechallengesrelatedto_________development.4.Responsivecaregivinginvolvestuningintoaninfant's_________andneeds.5.The"back-to-sleep"campaignaimstoreducetheriskof_________.6.Infantstypicallydeveloptheabilitytositindependentlyaround_________months.7.Thefirststageoflanguagedevelopmentisoftencharacterizedby_________sounds.8.The"tongue-thrustreflex"preventsinfantsfromswallowingsolidfoodsuntil_________.9.Acommonsignofinfantreadinessforsolidfoodsisshowinginterestin_________.10.The"sensitiveperiod"forsocialandemotionaldevelopmentoccursduringthe_________stage.三、判斷題（共10題，每題1分，計10分）1.Itisrecommendedforinfantstosleepwithelectronicdevicestohelpthemfallasleep.(×)2.Irondeficiencyisaleadingcauseofanemiaininfants.(√)3.Co-sleepingwithinfantsisalwaysunsafeduetosuffocationrisks.(×)4.Infantscansafelywatcheducationalvideosforupto2hoursaday.(×)5.The"criticalperiod"forlanguagedevelopmentendsbyage3.(×)6.Tummytimehelpsstrengthenneckandshouldermuscles.(√)7.Strangeranxietytypicallydisappearsbyage2.(√)8.Responsivecaregivingmeansalwaysgivinginfantswhattheywantimmediately.(×)9.Infantsunder6monthsshouldnotbeintroducedtosolidfoods.(√)10.Self-regulationskillsdevelopnaturallywithoutanyinterventionfromcaregivers.(×)四、簡答題（共3題，每題5分，計15分）1.Explaintheimportanceofresponsivecaregivingforinfantdevelopment.2.Listthreekeynutritionalguidelinesforinfantsaged6-12months.3.Describehowtopromotelanguagedevelopmentininfantsthroughdailyinteractions.五、論述題（1題，計10分）Discussthepotentiallong-termeffectsofearlychildhoodnutritiononcognitiveandphysicalhealth.Provideexamplesofhowmalnutritioncanimpactdevelopment.答案及解析一、選擇題答案1.D2.C3.B4.B5.C6.C7.D8.C9.B10.A11.B12.B13.B14.A15.C16.A17.D18.B19.C20.B二、填空題答案1.self-regulation2.iron,vitamins3.emotional4.cues5.SIDS(SuddenInfantDeathSyndrome)6.6-87.cooing8.4-6months9.familymeals10.earlychildhood三、判斷題答案1.×2.√3.×4.×5.×6.√7.√8.×9.√10.×四、簡答題答案1.ImportanceofResponsiveCaregivingResponsivecaregivinginvolvespromptlyandsensitivelyrespondingtoaninfant'sneeds(e.g.,feeding,comforting,engaginginplay).Thisbuildstrustandsecurity,fosteringemotionalandcognitivedevelopment.Wheninfantsfeeltheirneedsaremet,theyaremorelikelytodevelophealthyattachment,self-regulationskills,andapositiveoutlookonrelationshipslaterinlife.2.NutritionalGuidelinesforInfants(6-12Months)-BreastfeedingorFormula:Exclusivebreastfeedingforthefirst6months,followedbycomplementaryfoodsalongsidecontinuedbreastfeedinguntilatleast2years.-Iron-RichFoods:Introduceiron-fortifiedcereals,pureedmeats,andleafygreenstopreventanemia.-Hydration:Offerwaterinasippycupafter6months,butavoidjuicetopreventtoothdecay.3.PromotingLanguageDevelopmentThroughInteractions-TalkRegularly:Narratedailyactivities(e.g.,"Wearewashinghandsnow").-ReadAloud:Usepicturebookstoexposeinfantstovocabularyandrhythm.-EncourageImitation:Respondtobabblingandencouragevocalizations.五、論述題答案Long-TermEffectsofEarlyChildhoodNutritionEarlychildhoodnutritionplaysacriticalroleinshapingbothcognitiveandphysicalhealth.Propernutritionduringinfancysupportsbraindevelopment,enhancingmemory,attention,andproblem-solvingskills.Forexample,irondeficiencyininfantscanl