福建2025自考[海洋科學(xué)與技術(shù)]英語(yǔ)（二）易錯(cuò)題專練一、選擇題（共10題，每題2分，共20分）1.ThedevelopmentofmarinebiotechnologyinFujianProvincehasbeensignificantlyboostedby______.A)governmentfundingandresearchinstitutionsB)privateinvestmentsaloneC)internationalcollaborationsexclusivelyD)traditionalfishingpractices2.WhichofthefollowingisamajorchallengeinsustainableaquacultureinthecoastalareasofsoutheasternChina?A)OverfishingofwildstocksB)EfficientwastemanagementsystemsC)HighmarketdemandforseafoodD)Advancedtechnologyadoption3.Theterm"redtides"inmarineecologyrefersto______.A)nutrient-richwatersneartheshoreB)harmfulalgalbloomscausedbypollutionC)normalseasonalvariationsinwatercolorD)thepresenceofraremarinespecies4.Inthecontextofmarinepollution,microplasticsposeaseriousthreatto______.A)coralreefecosystemsB)deep-seafishpopulationsC)humanhealththroughseafoodconsumptionD)windenergygeneration5.The"MarineProtectedAreas(MPAs)"inFujianaimto______.A)increasefishingquotastoboostlocaleconomiesB)preservebiodiversityandecologicalbalanceC)promotetourismwithoutenvironmentalrestrictionsD)developnewoffshoreoilfields6.Theprimaryfunctionofthe"XiamenInternationalMarineExpo"isto______.A)promotelocalseafoodexportsB)showcasemarinetechnologyinnovationsC)organizefishingcompetitionsD)raiseawarenessaboutoceanconservation7.The"FujianProvincialMarineMonitoringCenter"focuseson______.A)promotingmaritimetourismB)trackingshipwrecksincoastalwatersC)monitoringwaterqualityandpollutionlevelsD)conductingunderwaterarchaeologicalsurveys8.The"Asia-PacificMarineResearchSociety"holdsitsannualconferenceinFujianto______.A)advocateforstricterfishingregulationsB)discussadvancementsinmarinescienceC)commercializemarineresourcesD)trainfishermeninmoderntechniques9.The"HaiqiMarinePark"inFujianisknownforitsrichdiversityof______.A)shipwrecksandhistoricalartifactsB)marinemammalsandcoralreefsC)underwatervolcanoesandtrenchesD)artificialislandsandcoastalinfrastructure10.The"MarineEnvironmentalProtectionLawofFujianProvince"primarilyaddresses______.A)fishingrightsandmaritimejurisdictionB)pollutioncontrolandecologicalrestorationC)offshorewindfarmdevelopmentD)navigationsafetyandmaritimetrade二、填空題（共10題，每題2分，共20分）1.The______oftheEastChinaSeahasbeenafocalpointformarineresearchinFujian.2.MarinebiotechnologyinFujianhasledtosignificantadvancementsin______and______.3.The______isacriticalhabitatformanyendangeredmarinespeciesinFujian.4.The______initiativeaimstoreduceplasticpollutionincoastalwaters.5.The______hasbeenworkingtorestoredegradedcoralreefecosystems.6.The______isamajorhubformarinetourisminFujian.7.The______providesreal-timedataonwaterqualityandmarineconditions.8.The______hasbeenpromotingsustainableaquaculturepracticesinFujian.9.The______isanannualeventthatattractsglobalmarinetechnologyinvestors.10.The______isakeythreattomarinebiodiversityintheregion.三、判斷題（共10題，每題2分，共20分）1.FujianProvincehasnomarineprotectedareasduetoitshighfishingactivity.(×)2.Microplasticsareprimarilyaprobleminthedeepsea,notcoastalwaters.(×)3.TheXiamenInternationalMarineExpofocusessolelyonfishingequipment.(×)4.TheFujianProvincialMarineMonitoringCenterdoesnotmonitorpollutionlevels.(×)5.TheAsia-PacificMarineResearchSocietyholdsitsmeetingsinFujianeveryyear.(√)6.HaiqiMarineParkisfamousforitsunderwatervolcanoes.(×)7.TheMarineEnvironmentalProtectionLawofFujianProvinceonlyregulatesfishingactivities.(×)8.MarinebiotechnologyinFujianismainlydrivenbygovernmentfunding.(√)9.TheEastChinaSeaisamajorsourceofmarinebiodiversityinFujian.(√)10.Redtidesareharmlesstomarineecosystems.(×)四、簡(jiǎn)答題（共3題，每題10分，共30分）1.Brieflyexplaintheimportanceofmarineprotectedareas(MPAs)inFujianProvinceandtheirimpactonbiodiversity.2.DescribethekeychallengesandsolutionsinsustainableaquaculturedevelopmentinFujian’scoastalregions.3.DiscusstheroleofmicroplasticsinmarinepollutionandhowFujianisaddressingthisissue.五、翻譯題（共2題，每題15分，共30分）1.TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese:"MarinebiotechnologyinFujianProvincehasmaderemarkableprogressinrecentyears,particularlyinthedevelopmentofgeneticallymodifiedseaweedforfoodandbiofuelproduction.Theprovincialgovernmenthasinvestedheavilyinresearchinstitutionsandinfrastructuretosupportthissector.However,challengessuchasgeneticdiversityandenvironmentalsustainabilityremainsignificantconcernsforresearchers."2.TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglish:"The'MarineEnvironmentalProtectionLawofFujianProvince'aimstoregulateindustrialdischarge,controlfishingquotas,andestablishstrictpenaltiesforillegalactivities.Thelawalsoemphasizestheneedforpublicparticipationinmarineconservationefforts.Throughthesemeasures,Fujianhopestobalanceeconomicdevelopmentwithenvironmentalprotection,ensuringthelong-termhealthofitsmarineecosystems."答案與解析一、選擇題答案與解析1.A-解析:Fujian’smarinebiotechnologydevelopmentreliesheavilyongovernmentfundingandresearchinstitutions,whichprovidethenecessaryresourcesandexpertise.Privateinvestmentsandinternationalcollaborationsplayrolesbutarenottheprimarydrivers.2.A-解析:Overfishingofwildstocksisamajorchallengeinsustainableaquaculture,asitdisruptsnaturalecosystemsandreducesbiodiversity.Efficientwastemanagement,highdemand,andtechnologyadoptionaresecondaryconcerns.3.B-解析:"Redtides"refertoharmfulalgalblooms,oftencausedbynutrientpollution,whichcanproducetoxinsharmfultomarinelife.Theotheroptionsareincorrectdescriptions.4.C-解析:Microplasticsareingestedbymarineorganisms,accumulatinginthefoodchainandposinghealthriskstohumanswhoconsumeseafood.Theotheroptionsarelessdirectthreats.5.B-解析:MPAsaredesignedtoprotectbiodiversityandecologicalbalancebyrestrictinghumanactivities.Theotheroptionsmisrepresenttheirpurpose.6.B-解析:TheXiamenInternationalMarineExpoprimarilyshowcasesmarinetechnologyinnovations,attractinginvestorsandindustryprofessionals.Theotheroptionsareincorrect.7.C-解析:TheFujianProvincialMarineMonitoringCenterfocusesontrackingwaterquality,pollutionlevels,andmarineconditionstoensureenvironmentalhealth.8.B-解析:TheAsia-PacificMarineResearchSocietyholdsconferencestodiscussadvancementsinmarinescience,fosteringcollaborationamongresearchers.9.B-解析:HaiqiMarineParkisrenownedforitscoralreefsandmarinemammals,makingitakeybiodiversityhotspotinFujian.10.B-解析:Thelawprimarilyaddressespollutioncontrolandecologicalrestoration,aimingtomitigateenvironmentaldamagecausedbyhumanactivities.二、填空題答案與解析1.coastline-解析:Fujian’sextensivecoastlineisamajorfocusformarineresearchduetoitsecologicalandeconomicsignificance.2.seaweedcultivation,biofuelproduction-解析:ThesearekeyareaswhereFujian’smarinebiotechnologysectorhasmadesignificantadvancements.3.coralreefs-解析:CoralreefsarecriticalhabitatsformarinebiodiversityinFujian,supportingawiderangeofspecies.4.PlasticReductionInitiative-解析:Thisinitiativeaimstocombatplasticpollutionthroughawarenesscampaignsandpolicyenforcement.5.CoralReefRestorationProject-解析:ThisprojectworkstorehabilitatedegradedcoralecosystemsinFujian.6.Xiamen-解析:XiamenisamajormarinetourismdestinationinFujian,attractingvisitorswithitscoastalattractions.7.FujianMarineMonitoringSystem-解析:Thissystemprovidesreal-timedatatosupportenvironmentalmanagementandresearch.8.FujianAquacultureAssociation-解析:Thisorganizationpromotessustainableaquaculturepracticesintheprovince.9.XiamenInternationalMarineExpo-解析:Thiseventisakeyplatformformarinetechnologyinvestmentandnetworking.10.pollution-解析:Pollution,includingplasticwasteandchemicalrunoff,isasignificantthreattomarinebiodiversityinFujian.三、判斷題答案與解析1.×-解析:FujiandoeshaveMPAs,demonstratingeffortstoprotectmarineecosystemsdespitefishingactivity.2.×-解析:Microplasticsareamajorissueincoastalwaters,wherehumanactivitiesareconcentrated.3.×-解析:Theexpocoversbroadermarinetechnology,notjustfishingequipment.4.×-解析:Pollutionmonitoringisaprimaryfunctionofthemonitoringcenter.5.√-解析:ThesocietyoftenholdsmeetingsinFujianduetoitsmarineresearchprominence.6.×-解析:HaiqiMarineParkisknownforcoralreefsandmarinelife,notvolcanoes.7.×-解析:Thelawcoverspollution,fishing,andothermarine-relatedissues.8.√-解析:GovernmentfundingisasignificantdriverofmarinebiotechnologyinFujian.9.√-解析:TheEastChinaSeaisrichinbiodiversity,supportingFujian’smarineecosystems.10.×-解析:Redtidesareharmfulandcandisruptmarineecosystems.四、簡(jiǎn)答題答案與解析1.MarineProtectedAreas(MPAs)inFujian-重要性:MPAshelppreservebiodiversitybyrestrictingharmfulhumanactivitieslikeoverfishingandpollution.Theyactasrefugesforendangeredspeciesandallowecosystemstorecovernaturally.-影響:MPAsimprovefishpopulationsoutsidetheirboundariesduetospillovereffects.Theyalsoprovidevaluabledataformarineresearch.However,theyrequireeffectivemanagementtosucceed.2.SustainableAquacultureinFujian-挑戰(zhàn):Overcrowdinginfarmsleadstodiseaseoutbreaks;pollutionfromfeedwasteharmscoastalwaters;marketfluctuationsaffectprofitability.-解決方案:Rotationalfarming(restingponds),l