黑龍江2025自考[嬰幼兒發(fā)展與健康管理]英語（二）易錯題專練一、單項選擇題（共10題，每題1分）1.Thebestwaytoencourageababytodeveloplanguageskillsisto______.A.leavethemwithelectronicdevicesB.readaloudtothemregularlyC.letthemwatchTValldayD.ignoretheirattemptstocommunicate2.Whichofthefollowingisacommonsignofdehydrationininfants?A.FrequentsmilingB.WetdiapersC.DrymouthandsunkeneyesD.Highenergylevels3.Propernutritionfortoddlersincludesallexcept______.A.WholegrainsB.SugarysnacksC.LeanproteinsD.Fruitsandvegetables4.Whatistherecommendedsleepdurationfora1-year-oldchild?A.8-10hoursB.10-12hoursC.12-14hoursD.14-16hours5.Topromotehealthyemotionaldevelopment,caregiversshould______.A.DiscouragecryingB.ProvideconsistentloveandsupportC.PunishtantrumsD.Ignoreemotionaloutbursts6.Whichfoodisagoodsourceofironforinfants?A.Cow’smilkB.WholeeggsC.BreastmilkD.Honey7.The"terribletwos"areprimarilydueto______.A.PhysicalillnessB.CognitivedevelopmentandautonomyC.EnvironmentalchangesD.Parentalneglect8.Howcancaregivershelptoddlersdevelopfinemotorskills?A.LimitingplaytimeB.ProvidingtoysthatrequiregrippingandstackingC.EncouragingonlyoutdooractivitiesD.Forcingthemtowriteearly9.Whatisthebestwaytointroducesolidfoodstoinfants?A.AllowingthemtoeatwhateverthefamilyeatsB.StartingwithspicyfoodstobuildtoleranceC.Offeringsmall,soft,andeasy-to-chewfoodsD.Force-feedingthemtoensuretheyeatenough10.Whichofthefollowingisanormaldevelopmentalmilestonefora2-year-old?A.WalkingindependentlyB.SpeakinginfullsentencesC.Countingto10D.Recognizingtheirownname二、多項選擇題（共5題，每題2分）1.Whichofthefollowingactivitiescanhelppromotegrossmotorskillsintoddlers?A.ClimbingB.RidingatricycleC.PlayingwithbuildingblocksD.Sittingatatableforlongperiods2.Whatarekeysignsofhealthyemotionaldevelopmentininfants?A.ShowingattachmenttocaregiversB.LaughingandsmilingC.ExhibitingfrequenttantrumsD.Imitatingfacialexpressions3.Whichfoodsshouldbeavoidedforinfantsunder1yearold?A.Cow’smilkB.HoneyC.SaltedfoodsD.Fruitsandvegetables4.Howcancaregiverssupportlanguagedevelopmentinyoungchildren?A.EngaginginfrequentconversationsB.ReadingstoriestogetherC.UsingsimpleandrepetitivelanguageD.Interruptingthemfrequentlytocorrectmistakes5.Whatarecommonchallengesduringthetransitiontosolidfoods?A.AllergicreactionsB.ChokinghazardsC.RefusaltoeatnewfoodsD.Excessiveweightgain三、判斷題（共10題，每題1分）1.Infantsshouldbeintroducedtosolidfoodsassoonastheyareabletositupwithoutsupport.(True/False)2.Cryingisanormalandhealthywayforinfantstocommunicatetheirneeds.(True/False)3.Toddlersshouldberestrictedtoplayingwithtoysthatmatchtheirgender.(True/False)4.Breastmilkprovidesalltheessentialnutrientsinfantsneedforthefirstsixmonths.(True/False)5.Punishingachildforhavingatantrumcanhelppreventfutureoutbursts.(True/False)6.Irondeficiencyisacommonproblemininfantsandtoddlers.(True/False)7.Allinfantsdevelopatthesamepace,socomparingonechildtoanotherisunnecessary.(True/False)8.Toyswithbrightcolorsarethebestchoiceforstimulatinginfantvision.(True/False)9.Toddlersarecapableofunderstandingandfollowingsimpleinstructionsbyage2.(True/False)10.Itisnormalfortoddlerstoexperienceseparationanxietyduringthefirstyear.(True/False)四、填空題（共5題，每題2分）1.Thefirstyearoflifeiscriticalfor______development.2.______istheprimarysourceofenergyforinfants.3.Topreventobesity,caregiversshouldlimit______intakeintoddlers.4.______skillshelpchildrenunderstandanduselanguageeffectively.5.Consistentroutinesprovideinfantswithasenseof______.五、簡答題（共3題，每題5分）1.Explaintheimportanceofplayininfantdevelopment.2.Describethreewayscaregiverscansupporthealthysleephabitsintoddlers.3.Listfourcommonsafetyhazardsinthehomeforinfantsandtoddlers.六、論述題（1題，10分）Discusstheroleofnutritioninthecognitiveandphysicaldevelopmentofyoungchildren.Provideexamplesofhealthyfoodsandexplainwhytheyarebeneficial.答案與解析一、單項選擇題1.B-解析：Readingaloudtobabiesexposesthemtolanguagepatterns,vocabulary,andbonding,whicharecrucialforlanguagedevelopment.ElectronicdevicesandTVlackinteractiveengagement,whileignoringcommunicationhinderslearning.2.C-解析：Dehydrationininfantsisoftenindicatedbydrymouth,sunkeneyes,andreducedurineoutput.Frequentsmilingandwetdiaperssuggesthydration,whilehighenergycontradictsdehydration.3.B-解析：Sugarysnacksareunhealthyfortoddlersduetohighsugarcontent,whichcanleadtoobesityanddentalproblems.Wholegrains,leanproteins,andfruits/vegetablesareessentialforgrowth.4.C-解析：1-year-oldstypicallyneed12-14hoursofsleep(includingnaps)tosupportdevelopment.Shorterdurationsmayindicatefatigueorpoorsleepquality.5.B-解析：Consistentloveandsupporthelptoddlersdevelopsecureattachment,whichisfoundationalforemotionalwell-being.Discouragingcrying,punishingtantrums,orignoringemotionscanharmdevelopment.6.C-解析：Breastmilkcontainsiron,whichisessentialforinfants.Cow’smilkisnotrecommendedbefore1yearduetolowiron.Eggsandhoneyarenotsuitableforinfantsunder1.7.B-解析：The"terribletwos"stemfromcognitivedevelopment,includingautonomy-seekingandlimitedlanguageskills.Physicalillness,environmentalchanges,orparentalneglectarelessdirectcauses.8.B-解析：Toyslikeblocksandpuzzleshelptoddlersdevelopfinemotorskillsthroughgrasping,stacking,andproblem-solving.Limitingplaytimeorforcingwritingearlycanbecounterproductive.9.C-解析：Introducingsolidfoodsshouldstartwithsmall,soft,andeasy-to-chewitems(e.g.,mashedbananas)topreventchoking.Allowingunrestrictedfamilyfoods,spicyfoods,orforce-feedingisunsafe.10.A-解析：Walkingindependentlyisatypicalmilestoneatage2-3.Speakinginfullsentences,countingto10,andrecognizingnamesareusuallyachievedlater(3-4years).二、多項選擇題1.A,B-解析：Climbingandtricyclingenhancegrossmotorskills,whilesittingatatablelimitsmovement.Buildingblocksdevelopfinemotorskills.2.A,B,D-解析：Attachment,smiling,andimitationindicatehealthyemotionaldevelopment.Frequenttantrumsarenormalbutnotasignofwell-being.3.A,B,C-解析：Cow’smilk,honey,andsaltedfoodsaredangerousforinfants.Fruitsandvegetablesaresafeandnutritious.4.A,B,C-解析：Conversations,reading,andsimplelanguagepromotelanguagedevelopment.Interruptingfrequentlycanfrustratechildren.5.A,B,C-解析：Allergicreactions,choking,andfoodrefusalarecommonduringsolidfoodintroduction.Excessiveweightgainisnotatypicalchallenge.三、判斷題1.False-解析：Infantsshouldwaituntil4-6months(aftersittingunsupported)forsolidfoodstoreducechokingrisk.2.True-解析：Cryingisaninfant’sprimarywaytocommunicatehunger,discomfort,ordistress.3.False-解析：Toysshouldmatchdevelopmentalneeds,notgenderstereotypes,toencouragecreativityandexploration.4.True-解析：Breastmilkprovidesallessentialnutrients,includingiron,vitamins,andantibodies,forthefirstsixmonths.5.False-解析：Punishingtantrumscanincreaseanxietyandmodelaggression.Understandingcauses(e.g.,tiredness,frustration)ismoreeffective.6.True-解析：Irondeficiencyiscommonduetorapidgrowthandlimiteddietarysourcesinearlychildhood.7.False-解析：Comparingchildrenisunhelpful;developmentvarieswidely.Focusonindividualprogress.8.False-解析：Infantvisiondevelopsbestwithhigh-contrastpatterns(e.g.,blackandwhite),notoverlybrightcolors.9.True-解析：Byage2,toddlerscanfollowsimplecommands(e.g.,"givemetheball").10.True-解析：Separationanxietyisnormalinthefirstyearasinfantsdevelopattachmenttocaregivers.四、填空題1.Cognitive2.Breastmilk3.Sugarydrinks4.Language5.Security五、簡答題1.ImportanceofPlayinInfantDevelopment-Playstimulatessensorydevelopment(touch,sight,sound).Itenhancesmotorskills(grossandfine)andproblem-solving.Socialinteractionthroughplayfostersemotionalbonds.Languageskillsimproveasinfantsmimicsoundsandwordsduringplay.2.SupportingHealthySleepHabitsinToddlers-Maintainconsistentbedtimeroutines.Ensureacomfortablesleepenvironment(dark,quiet,cool).Avoidscreentimebeforebed.Addressnaptransitionsappropri