五年（2021-2025）高考真題分類匯編PAGEPAGE1專題08完形埴空(北京專用)五年考情（2021-2024）命題趨勢(shì)年份體裁詞數(shù)話題考點(diǎn)分布動(dòng)詞名詞形容詞副詞2025記敘文249人與自我：真正的認(rèn)可來自高尚行為2422題材多元，強(qiáng)化價(jià)值引領(lǐng)。考查重語境邏輯推理與抽象概念的深層理解。強(qiáng)調(diào)跨文化交際能力與社會(huì)責(zé)任感。2024記敘文279人與自我：走出自己的舒適區(qū)44112023記敘文273人與社會(huì)：幽默反思課堂紀(jì)律62112022記敘文253人與社會(huì)：信任與等待的感人故事51312021記敘文238人與社會(huì)：家庭傳統(tǒng)與愛的傳承4321(2025·北京·高考)閱讀下面短文,掌握其大意,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng),并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。At15,Iexcelledacademicallyyetfeltovershadowedandunnoticed.The____1____tostandoutconsumedme,pushingmetowardsaregrettabledecision.Oneday,duringaclassintheITlabwithmyclassmates,ourteachermentionedmissingcomputerparts.____2____looksexchanged,everyonewonderedhowitcouldhappenina(n)____3____lab.“It’spossibletoopenthatlockwithanotherkey,”Isaid.Instantly,eyesturnedtomewithnewfoundinterestandcuriosity.ItwasarushIhadneverexperiencedbefore.Enjoyingalltheeyesonme,I____4____howtoopenthelock.LittledidIrealizethatsinglemomentwouldruineverything.Thefollowingday,calledtotheheadmaster’soffice,Ifoundmyselfaccusedofstealingthemissingparts.“Ididn’tdoit,sir,”Iargued,butsuspicion____5____hiseyes.Hisrepeated____6____intensified,pushingmetotheedgeoffearandtears.Inadesperateattempttoescapethemountingpressure,I____7____confessed(承認(rèn)).Theheadmasteraskedmyfathertocometoschool,whoseshakyfaithinmebroughtamixofreliefand____8____.MyfathergentlyaskedmeifIunderstoodthegravityofmyactions.____9____,Iconfessedmymisguidedlongingforrecognition.Intheheadmaster’soffice,myfatherlistenedattentively,andthenspokewithquietauthority:“Itrustmyson.Heisnotathief.”Withmyfather’ssupport,Ilearnedavaluablelesson:____10____cannotbeforced;truerecognitioncomesfromhonourableacts.1.A.promise B.competition C.desire D.hesitation2.A.Curious B.Hopeful C.Distant D.Envious3.A.expensive B.locked C.modern D.abandoned4.A.discovered B.recommended C.demonstrated D.imagined5.A.caught B.clouded C.hurt D.brightened6.A.questioning B.reminding C.complaining D.requesting7.A.warmly B.readily C.randomly D.falsely8.A.pride B.patience C.shame D.surprise9.A.Generously B.Tearfully C.Carelessly D.Strangely10.A.tolerance B.gratitude C.sympathy D.attention【答案】1.C2.A3.B4.C5.B6.A7.D8.C9.B10.D【主題】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章講述了15歲的作者為了引起關(guān)注分享開鎖方法，卻被懷疑偷電腦零件，在校長(zhǎng)逼問下作者被迫承認(rèn)，最后父親表示相信作者，作者也明白了真正的認(rèn)可來自高尚行為的道理。1.【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：引起注意的欲望吞噬著我，促使我做出了一個(gè)令人遺憾的決定。A.promise承諾；B.competition競(jìng)爭(zhēng)；C.desire欲望；D.hesitation猶豫。根據(jù)前文“At15,Iexcelledacademicallyyetfeltovershadowedandunnoticed.”可知，作者學(xué)業(yè)優(yōu)秀卻感覺不被關(guān)注，所以有引起注意的欲望。故選C項(xiàng)。2.【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：大家交換著好奇的眼神，都想知道在一個(gè)鎖著的實(shí)驗(yàn)室里怎么會(huì)發(fā)生這種事。A.Curious好奇的；B.Hopeful有希望的；C.Distant遙遠(yuǎn)的；D.Envious嫉妒的。根據(jù)后文“everyonewonderedhowitcouldhappen”可知，大家對(duì)電腦零件丟失這件事感到好奇。故選A項(xiàng)。3.【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：大家交換著好奇的眼神，都想知道在一個(gè)鎖著的實(shí)驗(yàn)室里怎么會(huì)發(fā)生這種事。A.expensive昂貴的；B.locked鎖著的；C.modern現(xiàn)代的；D.abandoned廢棄的。根據(jù)后文“It’spossibletoopenthatlockwithanotherkey”可知，實(shí)驗(yàn)室是鎖著的。故選B項(xiàng)。4.【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：享受著所有人的目光，我演示了如何開鎖。A.discovered發(fā)現(xiàn)；B.recommended推薦；C.demonstrated演示；D.imagined想象。根據(jù)前文作者的話“It’spossibletoopenthatlockwithanotherkey”和“Instantly,eyesturnedtomewithnewfoundinterestandcuriosity.”可知，作者知道如何用其它鑰匙開鎖，為了享受大家的關(guān)注，所以演示了開鎖方法。故選C項(xiàng)。5.【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：“我沒做，先生，”我爭(zhēng)辯道，但他的眼中充滿了懷疑。A.caught抓??；B.clouded使模糊，籠罩，顯得陰沉（或恐懼、憤怒等）；C.hurt傷害；D.brightened使明亮。根據(jù)前文“Ifoundmyselfaccusedofstealingthemissingparts.”可知，校長(zhǎng)懷疑作者，懷疑的神色籠罩在他眼中，眼中顯示出懷疑的神色。故選B項(xiàng)。6.【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他反復(fù)的詢問加劇了，把我逼到了恐懼和流淚的邊緣。A.questioning詢問；B.reminding提醒；C.complaining抱怨；D.requesting請(qǐng)求。根據(jù)前文“Hisrepeated”和后文“pushingmetotheedgeoffearandtears”可知，校長(zhǎng)反復(fù)詢問作者，讓作者感到害怕。故選A項(xiàng)。7.【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：為了擺脫不斷增加的壓力，我謊稱自己有罪。A.warmly熱情地；B.readily樂意地；C.randomly隨機(jī)地；D.falsely錯(cuò)誤地，不實(shí)地。根據(jù)前文“Ididn’tdoit,sir”可知，作者沒偷東西，結(jié)合“Inadesperateattempttoescapethemountingpressure”可知，作者為了擺脫壓力，所以虛假地承認(rèn)。故選D項(xiàng)。8.【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：校長(zhǎng)請(qǐng)父親來學(xué)校一趟，他對(duì)我不太堅(jiān)定的信任讓我既感到一絲寬慰，又覺得羞愧難當(dāng)。A.pride驕傲；B.patience耐心；C.shame羞愧；D.surprise驚訝。根據(jù)前文“Inadesperateattempttoescapethemountingpressure,I___7____confessed(承認(rèn)).”和“Theheadmasteraskedmyfathertocometoschool”可知，作者被迫承認(rèn)偷了東西，現(xiàn)在校長(zhǎng)請(qǐng)來了父親。結(jié)合常識(shí)，父親的到來會(huì)帶給處于困境中的作者一絲寬慰，但同時(shí)，作者也會(huì)因自己為了引起關(guān)注而犯下的錯(cuò)誤感到羞愧。故選C項(xiàng)。9.【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我淚流滿面地承認(rèn)了自己對(duì)認(rèn)可的錯(cuò)誤渴望。A.Generously慷慨地；B.Tearfully含淚地；C.Carelessly粗心地；D.Strangely奇怪地。根據(jù)前文“pushingmetotheedgeoffearandtears”和“Inadesperateattempttoescapethemountingpressure,I___7___confessed(承認(rèn)).”可知，作者因?yàn)楹ε潞臀鳒I了，并被迫承認(rèn)偷了東西。父親來時(shí)，作者是含淚承認(rèn)自己為了引起關(guān)注而犯下的錯(cuò)誤。故選B項(xiàng)。10.【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：有了父親的支持，我學(xué)到了寶貴的一課：關(guān)注不能強(qiáng)求；真正的認(rèn)可來自高尚的行為。A.tolerance容忍；B.gratitude感激；C.sympathy同情；D.attention關(guān)注。根據(jù)前文“At15,Iexcelledacademicallyyetfeltovershadowedandunnoticed.”可知，作者一直渴望得到關(guān)注，所以這里說關(guān)注不能強(qiáng)求。故選D項(xiàng)。(2024·北京·高考)I’djustarrivedatschool,readyforanotherschoolday.Iwasreadingabookintheclassroomwhentherewasan___1___.“Todayat1:10therewillbeauditions(面試)foramusical.”Myfriendsalljumpedupinexcitementandaskedme,“Willyoubegoing,Amy?”“Sure,”Isaid.Ihadno___2___indrama,butI’dtryoutbecausemyfriendsweredoingit.At1:10,therewasa___3___outsidethedramaroom.Everyonelookedenergetic.Ihadn’texpectedI’dbestandingtherethatmorning.ButnowthatIwasdoingit,I___4___feltnervous.WhatifIwasn’tanygood?Ienteredtheroomandtheteachersmademesaysomelinesfromthemusical.Theythen___5___mysingingskillsandaskedwhatroleIwantedtoplay.Theteachersweresmilingandpraisingme.IfeltlikeIhada___6___,soIsaid,“Abigrole.”Theysaidthey’dlookintoit.Istartedgettingreallynervous.WhatifIdidn’tgetamainrole?Soon,thecastlistwas___7___.Myfriendscheckedandcamebackshouting,“Amy,yougotthemainrole!”Sureenough,mynamewasatthetop.Ijuststaredatitandstartedto___8___.Iwassohappy.Aftertwomonthswewereallpreparedandreadytogoonstage.Itwasfun.Andwhenpeoplestarted___9___,thatgavemeaboostofconfidence.Itstayedwithmeandmademefeel___10___.Irealisedthatbytryingsomethingnew,Icanhavefun—evenifitmeanssteppingoutofmycomfortzone.1.A.assignment B.initiative C.announcement D.interview2.A.hesitancy B.interest C.worry D.regret3.A.game B.show C.play D.line4.A.suddenly B.continuously C.originally D.generally5.A.advertised B.tested C.challenged D.polished6.A.demand B.credit C.dream D.chance7.A.traded B.posted C.questioned D.claimed8A.wellup B.rollin C.standout D.gooff9.A.whispering B.arguing C.clapping D.stretching10.A.funnier B.fairer C.cleverer D.braver【答案】1.C2.B3.D4.A5.B6.D7.B8.A9.C10.D【主題】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者抱著試一試的心態(tài)，參加了音樂劇面試卻成功獲得了扮演音樂劇主角的機(jī)會(huì)，作者在這次經(jīng)歷中體驗(yàn)到了嘗試新事物帶來的樂趣。1.【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我正在教室里看書，這時(shí)有一則公告。A.assignment任務(wù)；B.initiative倡議；C.announcement公告；D.interview面試。根據(jù)下文“Todayat1:10therewillbeauditionsforamusical.”可推知，此處指作者正在教室里看書，這時(shí)作者聽到有一則公告。故選C。2.【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我對(duì)戲劇沒有興趣，但是因?yàn)榕笥褌兌荚谧?，我也決定嘗試一下。A.hesitancy猶豫；B.interest興趣；C.worry擔(dān)心；D.regret懊悔。根據(jù)下文“ButI’dtryoutbecausemyfriendsweredoingit”可推知，此處指作者雖然對(duì)戲劇沒有興趣，但因?yàn)榕笥褌兌荚谧?，所以作者也決定嘗試一下。故選B。3.【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在1:10的時(shí)候，戲劇室外面排起了隊(duì)。A.game游戲；B.show展覽；C.play游戲；D.line隊(duì)伍。根據(jù)下文“Everyonelookedenergetic.Ihadn’texpectedI’dbestandingtherethatmorning.”可知，此處指戲劇室外面排起了隊(duì)。故選D。4.【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：但是現(xiàn)在我正在排隊(duì)的時(shí)候，我突然感到緊張。A.suddenly突然；B.continuously連續(xù)不斷地；C.originally起初；D.generally通常。根據(jù)上文“ButnowthatIwasdoingit,”以及下文“WhatifIwasn’tanygood?”可推知，此處指作者在排隊(duì)的過程中突然感到緊張。故選A。5.【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然后他們測(cè)試了我的唱歌技巧，問我想要演什么角色。A.advertised為……做廣告；B.tested測(cè)驗(yàn)；C.challenged對(duì)……懷疑；D.polished潤(rùn)色。根據(jù)上文“Ienteredtheroomandtheteachersmademesaysomelinesfromthemusical.”以及下文“Theteachersweresmilingandpraisingme.”可推知，此處指作者進(jìn)入戲劇室后，老師們讓作者說幾句音樂劇中的臺(tái)詞，測(cè)試作者的唱歌技巧，并對(duì)作者的表現(xiàn)很滿意。故選B。6.【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我感覺我有機(jī)會(huì)，所以我說“一個(gè)重要的角色”。A.demand需求；B.credit信用；C.dream夢(mèng)想；D.chance機(jī)會(huì)。根據(jù)上文“Theteachersweresmilingandpraisingme.”可知，作者得到老師的表揚(yáng)，所以此處指作者覺得自己有機(jī)會(huì)扮演音樂劇主角。故選D。7.【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：不久演員表就被張貼了出來。A.traded交易；B.posted張貼；C.questioned詢問；D.claimed宣稱。根據(jù)下文“Myfriendscheckedandcamebackshouting,“Amy,yougotthemainrole!””以及下文“mynamewasatthetop.”可推知，此處指很快演員表就被張貼了出來，作者在名單最上邊。故選B。8.【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：我只是盯著它，然后開始情緒開始迸發(fā)。A.wellup(情緒)迸發(fā)；B.rollin(金錢等)大量涌進(jìn)；C.standout脫穎而出；D.gooff爆炸。根據(jù)下文“Iwassohappy”可推知，此處指作者盯著演員表看，然后情緒開始迸發(fā)，感覺很開心。故選A。9.【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然后人們開始鼓掌，這給了我信心。A.whispering耳語；B.arguing爭(zhēng)吵；C.clapping鼓掌；D.stretching伸展。根據(jù)下文“thatgavemeaboostofconfidence”以及常識(shí)可推知，此處指人們的掌聲增強(qiáng)了作者的信心。故選C。10.【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：它一直伴隨著我，讓我感到更勇敢。A.funnier更有趣的；B.fairer更公平的；C.cleverer更聰明的；D.braver更勇敢的。根據(jù)上文“thatgavemeaboostofconfidence”以及下文“Irealisedthatbytryingsomethingnew,Icanhavefun—evenifitmeanssteppingoutofmycomfortzone.”可推知，人們的掌聲給了作者信心，這使得作者感覺更勇敢，可以走出舒適區(qū)，通過嘗試新事物獲得樂趣。故選D。(2023·北京·高考)Iwasalwaystimid(羞怯的).Beingnewtotheschoolmademeeven1,soitwassurprisingI’d2toanyonearoundme.NowIwaspayingtheprice—towriteafiveessayon“WhyIShouldNotTalkinClass”.Thatwouldtakeallnight!AfterIgothome,though.Itookmytimepettingthecat-postponingthepain.WhenIfinallysatdownto3,IbeganwiththereasonsMs.Blackwouldwanttohear.Talkingkeptmeandmyneighboursfrom4.Oneparagraphdown;nowwhat?Ichewedonmypencil.Aha!Whatiftalkingwerethefirststeptowardslifeasacriminal?WithouttheeducationIwasthrowingaway,I’dturntotheftandgotoprison.WhenIgotout,peoplewouldsay,“Sheusedtotalkinclass.”Thepagesbegan5.Butwhenmumgothomefromwork,Iwasstill6,“Fivepages!That’simpossible!”“Well,you’dbettergetbacktowork,”shesaid.“andIwanttoreaditwhenyou’rethrough.”Soonafterdinner,Ihandedtheessaytomum.Ihalfexpecteda7—atleastan“Ihopeyou’velearnedyourlesson”.8,mumlaughedandlaughedassheread.Thenextday,whenMs.Blackreadtheessaytotheclass,everyonelaughed.Icould9theyweren’tmakingfunofme:theylaughedbecauseIhadthepowertotellafunnystory.My10stillneededsomenudging(激發(fā)),butIdidlearnIwasn’tshyinprint.1．A．freer B．shyer C．calmer D．happier2．A．nod B．point C．listen D．chat3．A．weep B．rest C．write D．read4．A．learning B．playing C．planning D．laughing5．A．standingout B．flyingby C．breakingup D．checkingin6．A．celebrating B．longing C．complaining D．warning7．A．lecture B．reason C．reward D．solution8．A．Therefore B．Moreover C．Meanwhile D．Instead9．A．hope B．imagine C．tell D．predict10．A．patience B．confidence C．tolerance D．independence【答案】1．B2．D3．C4．A5．B6．C7．A8．D9．C10．B【主題】本文是記敘文。文章主要講述了作者很害羞，剛來到新學(xué)校后更加害羞，不愛說話。于是老師讓作者寫一篇五頁的“我為什么不應(yīng)該在課上講話”的文章。作者寫的文章很搞笑，第二天當(dāng)老師在課堂上讀作者的文章時(shí)，同學(xué)們都笑了起來。【解析】1．考查形容詞比較級(jí)詞義辨析。句意：初來乍到使我更加害羞，所以我應(yīng)該和身邊的任何人聊天這是很令人驚訝的。A.freer更自由的；B.shyer更害羞的；C.calmer更冷靜的；D.happier更高興的。由上文“Iwasalwaystimid(羞怯的)”和“even”可知，前后是程度的加深，我很害羞，所以剛到新學(xué)校更加害羞了，故選B。2．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：初來乍到使我更加害羞，所以我應(yīng)該和身邊的任何人聊天這是很令人驚訝的。A.nod點(diǎn)頭；B.point指；C.listen聽；D.chat閑聊。由下文“NowIwaspayingtheprice﹣towriteafive﹣pageessayon“WhyIShouldNotTalkinClass”.(現(xiàn)在我在付出代價(jià)——就“我為什么不應(yīng)該在班里說話”寫一篇五頁的文章)”和“IbeganwiththereasonsMsBlackwouldwanttohear.”可知，布萊克老師想知道我為什么不在班里說話的原因，由此可知，當(dāng)老師想讓我和同學(xué)們說話時(shí)，我認(rèn)為要我和身邊的任何人聊天這是很令人驚訝的，故選D。3．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我終于坐下來開始寫作時(shí)，我首先說出了布萊克老師想聽的理由。A.weep哭泣；B.rest休息；C.write寫；D.read讀。由上文“towriteafive﹣pageessayon“WhyIShouldNotTalkinClass””可知，此處write是同詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，我開始寫這篇五頁的文章，故選C。4．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：談話使我和我的鄰桌不能學(xué)習(xí)。A.learning學(xué)習(xí)；B.playing玩；C.planning計(jì)劃；D.laughing笑。由上文“NowIwaspayingtheprice﹣towriteafive﹣pageessayon“WhyIShouldNotTalkinClass”.Thatwouldtakeallnight!”和“IbeganwiththereasonsMsBlackwouldwanttohear.”可知，現(xiàn)在我要寫一篇五頁的文章，那要花費(fèi)我一晚上，所以說和鄰桌談話會(huì)阻止我和鄰居學(xué)習(xí)，且以談話會(huì)妨礙學(xué)習(xí)來解釋，說明自己愛學(xué)習(xí)，這也是老師愿意聽到的，故選A。5．考查動(dòng)詞短語詞義辨析。句意：書頁開始飛逝。A.standingout突出；B.flyingby飛越；飛逝；C.breakingup分手；D.checkingin登記。由上文“WithouttheeducationIwasthrowingaway,I’dturntotheftandgotoprison.WhenIgotout,peoplewouldsay,“Sheusedtotalkinclass.””可知，我開始寫出很多內(nèi)容，所以此處用flyby來說明我很快寫出了很多頁，故選B。6．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但是當(dāng)媽媽下班回家的時(shí)候，我仍然在抱怨，“五頁！這不可能！”A.celebrating慶祝；B.longing渴望；C.complaining抱怨；D.warning警告。由下文““Fivepages!That’simpossible!””可知，我認(rèn)為我不可能寫完這五頁的內(nèi)容，所以在抱怨，故選C。7．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我有點(diǎn)期待得到一種說教——至少一句“我希望你已經(jīng)吸取了教訓(xùn)”。A.lecture說教；B.reason原因；C.reward獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)；D.solution解決辦法。由下文“atleastan“Ihopeyou’velearnedyourlesson”.”可知，“我希望你已經(jīng)吸取了教訓(xùn)”這是一種說教，故選A。8．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：相反，媽媽一邊讀一邊笑。A.Therefore因此；B.Moreover此外；C.Meanwhile同時(shí)；D.Instead代替；反而。前后句子“Ihalfexpecteda______7____﹣atleastan“Ihopeyou’velearnedyourlesson”.”和“mumlaughedandlaughedassheread.”內(nèi)容相反，應(yīng)用instead，我本期待得到媽媽的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，然而媽媽非但沒有獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，反而在讀我的文章時(shí)一邊讀一邊笑，故選D。9．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我能判斷出他們不是在取笑我：他們笑是因?yàn)槲矣心芰χv一個(gè)有趣的故事。A.hope希望；B.imagine想象；C.tell告訴；看出，判斷出；區(qū)分；D.predict預(yù)計(jì)。由下文“theyweren’tmakingfunofme:theylaughedbecauseIhadthepowertotellafunnystory.”可知，我能判斷出來，他們笑是因?yàn)槲抑v的故事搞笑，而不是在取笑我，故選C。10．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我的自信心仍然需要一些推動(dòng)，但我確實(shí)學(xué)到了我在寫作的時(shí)候并不害羞。A.patience耐心；B.confidence自信；C.tolerance忍受；D.independence獨(dú)立。由下文“stillneededsomenudging(激發(fā)),butIdidlearnIwasn’tshyinprint.”和第一段提到的我很害羞可知，我的自信心不足，需要一些推動(dòng)，故選B。(2022·北京·高考)OneMondaymorning,whilethechildrenwereenjoying“freeplay”,Isteppedtothedoorwayoftheclassroomtotakeabreak.Suddenly,I____1____amovementoftheheavywoodendoor.ThiswastheverydoorI____2____guidedthechildrenthroughtoensuretheirsafetyfromthebittercold.Ifeltachill(寒意)gothroughmybody.Mylegscarriedmetothatdoor,andIpusheditopen.ItwasoneofmykindergartenerswhoIthoughtwas____3____thatday.Hehadbeendroppedoffatschoollateandwas____4____toopenthedoor.Hemusthavebeenwaitingthereforquiteawhile!Withoutaword,Irushedhimtothehospital.Hewastreatedforfrostbiteonhishands.He’dneedtimeto____5____,andwouldn’tcomeforclassthenextday,Ithought.Thenextmorning,oneofthefirstto____6____wasmylittlefrostbittenboy.Notonlydidheruninwithenergy,buthis____7____couldbeheardasloudasever!Igavehimawarmhugandtoldhimhow____8____Iwastoseehim.Hiswordshavestayedwithmealltheseyears,“Iknewyouwouldopenthedoor.”ThatcoldMondaymorning,hewaitedalong,longwhileforadultsto____9____.Toachild,everyminutefeelslikeforever.Hedidn’tattempttowalkbackhome;hewaitedandtrusted.Thisfive-year-oldtaughtmeapowerfullessonin_____10_____.1.A.caused B.spotted C.checked D.imagined2.A.hesitantly B.randomly C.dizzily D.carefully3.A.angry B.absent C.special D.noisy4.A.courageous B.content C.unable D.unwilling5.A.recover B.play C.change D.wait6.A.settle B.gather C.arrive D.react7.A.sneeze B.weep C.complaint D.laughter8.A.lucky B.happy C.curious D.nervous9.A.showup B.pullup C.holdup D.lineup10.A.gratitude B.forgiveness C.faith D.kindness【答案】1.B2.D3.B4.C5.A6.C7.D8.B9.A10.C【主題】這是一篇記敘文。一個(gè)小男孩上學(xué)去晚了，被關(guān)在了門外，小男孩推不開們，于是大冬天的在門外等了很久，直到老師不經(jīng)意間發(fā)現(xiàn)門有動(dòng)靜，才注意到他被關(guān)在門外。小男孩堅(jiān)定地相信老師會(huì)給他開門，這種信念讓老師一直銘記于心。1.【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：突然，我注意到那扇沉重的木門動(dòng)了一下。A.caused引起、使發(fā)生；B.spotted看見、注意到；C.checked檢查、核對(duì)；D.imagined想象。根據(jù)后面的“amovementoftheheavywoodendoor.”可知，此處表示看到門動(dòng)了下，spot符合語境。故選B項(xiàng)。2.【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：這正是那扇我小心翼翼地領(lǐng)著孩子們穿過，以確保他們不受嚴(yán)寒侵襲的門。A.hesitantly遲疑地、躊躇地；B.randomly隨機(jī)地；C.dizzily頭暈眼花地；D.carefully小心地、謹(jǐn)慎地。根據(jù)后面的“toensuretheirsafetyfromthebittercold.”可知，要確保孩子們不受嚴(yán)寒侵襲，說明是小心翼翼地領(lǐng)著孩子們通過，carefully符合語境。故選D項(xiàng)。3.【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：是我幼兒園的一個(gè)孩子，我以為他那天沒來。A.angry生氣的、憤怒的；B.absent缺席的、不在的；C.special特殊的、特別的；D.noisy嘈雜的、聒噪的。根據(jù)下文的“Hehadbeendroppedoffatschoollateandwas____4____toopenthedoor.”可知，是小男孩來晚了，又開不了門，所以老師以為他沒來，此處absent符合語境。故選B項(xiàng)4.【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他很晚才被送到學(xué)校，打不開門。A.courageous勇敢的；B.content滿足的、滿意的；C.unable無法勝任的、不會(huì)的；D.unwilling不愿意的。根據(jù)上文的“theheavywoodendoor.”和下文的“Hemusthavebeenwaitingthereforquiteawhile!”可知，門很重，小男孩打不開，所以才在門外等了很久，此處指“打不開門”，unable符合語境。故選C項(xiàng)5.【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他需要時(shí)間恢復(fù)，我想他第二天不會(huì)來上課了。A.recover恢復(fù)、康復(fù)；B.play玩鬧、戲弄；C.change改變；D.wait等待。根據(jù)前面的“Hewastreatedforfrostbiteonhishands.”可知，小男孩手凍傷了，所以需要時(shí)間恢復(fù)，此處recover符合語境。故選A項(xiàng)。6.【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：第二天早上，我那凍傷的小男孩是第一批趕到的人之一。A.settle解決、定居；B.gather聚集、召集；C.arrive到達(dá)；D.react反應(yīng)。根據(jù)下文“Notonlydidheruninwithenergy,”可知，小男孩精力充沛地跑了進(jìn)來，說明是來了學(xué)校，故此處指第一批到達(dá)學(xué)校的人，應(yīng)用arrive。故選C項(xiàng)7.【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他不僅精力充沛地跑了進(jìn)來，而且他的笑聲還像以前一樣響亮！A.sneeze打噴嚏；B.weep哭泣；C.complaint抱怨；D.laughter笑聲。根據(jù)前面的“Notonlydidheruninwithenergy”可知，小男孩精力充沛地跑了進(jìn)來，說明身體恢復(fù)好了，結(jié)合后面的“couldbeheardasloudasever”可知，此處應(yīng)指“笑聲和以前一樣響亮”，laughter符合語境。故選D項(xiàng)8.【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我給了他一個(gè)溫暖的擁抱，告訴他我很高興見到他。A.lucky幸運(yùn)的；B.happy開心的、幸福的；C.curious好奇的；D.nervous緊張的、擔(dān)憂的。根據(jù)上文“He’dneedtimeto____5____,andwouldn’tcomeforclassthenextday,Ithought.”可知，作者以為小男孩不會(huì)來學(xué)校，所以看到小男孩的時(shí)候，應(yīng)該是開心的，happy符合語境。故選B項(xiàng)9.【解析】考查短語辨析。句意：在那個(gè)寒冷的周一早晨，他等了很久很久，才等到大人的出現(xiàn)。A.showup露面，出現(xiàn)；B.pullup拔起、停下來；C.holdup舉起、阻擋；D.lineup排隊(duì)。根據(jù)上下文語義可知，小男孩在門口等了很久，才等到大人出現(xiàn)給他開門，此處用showup符合語境。故選A項(xiàng)10.【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這個(gè)五歲的孩子給我上了一堂關(guān)于信念的有力的課。A.gratitude感激；B.forgiveness寬?。籆.faith信任、信念；D.kindness善良、仁慈。根據(jù)前面“Hedidn’tattempttowalkbackhome;hewaitedandtrusted.”可知，小男孩在門口等了很久，卻沒有試圖回家，說明小男孩有很強(qiáng)的的信念，故此處指老師從小男孩身上學(xué)到了一些關(guān)于信念的東西，此處指“關(guān)于信念的課”，faith符合語境。故選C項(xiàng)(2021·北京·高考)Recently，Itookatriphomebytrain．Igotaseatoppositeamiddle-agedmanwithsharpeyes，whokept____1____ayoungwomaninawindowseatwithalittleboyonherlap．Thewoman'seyefellontheman'sface，andsheimmediatelylookeddownand____2____herscarf．Asthenightworeon，peoplebegantoclosetheireyes，buttheseatsweresouncomfortablethatonlyaveryheavysleepercouldmanagetogetany____3____．Thewomanlookedoverattheman．Hewasstillstaringather．Shelookedbackathimwithfireinhereyes．Iwasbeginningtoget____4____，too．Thetrainmovedon．Thelittleboywas____5____awakeonhismother'slap，butthewomandroppedofftosleep．Amomentlater，hebeganto____6____thehalf-openwindow—onelegwentoverit．Themanjumpedupand____7____thechildjustbeforehefellout．The____8____wokeupthewoman．Sheseemedtobein____9____，andthenrealitydawned（顯現(xiàn)）．“Yourchildhasbeenlookingforanopportunitytoclimboutofthewindow，”themansaidashegavethechildbacktoher.．“SoIhavebeenwatchingthewholetime．”Thewomanwas_____10_____，andsowasI．1.A.guiding B.bothering C.watching D.monitoring2.A.adjusted B.changed C.packed D.waved3.A.air B.joy C.space D.rest4.A.nervous B.embarrassed C.angry D.disappointed5.A.almost B.still C.hardly D.even6.A.drag B.climb C.knock D.push7.A.grabbed B.rocked C.touched D.picked8.A.alarm B.quarrel C.risk D.noise9.A.sorrow B.relief C.panic D.pain10.A.astonished B.confused C.concerned D.inspired【答案】1.C2.A3.D4.C5.B6.B7.A8.D9.C10.A【主題】這是一篇記敘文。講述了火車上一位男子救下了爬上窗戶的頑皮孩子的善舉，最初孩子的母親因?yàn)槟凶涌偸嵌⒅麄?，?duì)男子的第一印象不好，而最后得知原因十分驚訝。故事告訴我們很多事情不能只看表面。1.【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我坐在一位中年男子對(duì)面的座位上，他目光敏銳，一直在注視著一位坐在靠窗座位上的年輕女子，她的腿上坐著一個(gè)小男孩。A.guiding帶領(lǐng)；B.bothering打擾；C.watching看著；D.monitoring監(jiān)控。根據(jù)上文“withsharpeyes”（有著敏銳的目光）以及下文第二段“Hewasstillstaringather．”（他仍然盯著她看。）可知，中年男子一直在看著女子，故選C。2.【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：女人的目光落在了男人的臉上，她立刻低下頭，整理了一下圍巾。A.adjusted調(diào)整；B.changed改變；C.packed包裝；D.waved揮動(dòng)，根據(jù)空格處and前的動(dòng)詞低下頭和空格后的圍巾，可知女人因?yàn)楦械綄擂味皖^故意整理圍巾，故選A。3.【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：夜?jié)u漸深了，人們開始閉上眼睛，但座位太不舒服了，只有睡得很沉的人才能設(shè)法休息。A.air空氣；B.joy娛樂；C.space空間；D.rest休息。根據(jù)空格前點(diǎn)明時(shí)間是夜晚了和后面睡得很沉的人，可知是為了獲得一些休息。故選D。4.【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我也開始生氣了。A.nervous緊張的；B.embarrassed尷尬的；C.angry生氣的；D.disappointed失望的。根據(jù)withfireinhereyes以及空格后too，可知“我”和女人的情緒是一樣憤怒生氣的，故選C。5.【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：小男孩躺在媽媽的腿上還醒著，但是媽媽已經(jīng)睡著了。A.almost幾乎；B.still仍然；C.hardly幾乎不；D.even甚至。根據(jù)butthewomandroppedofftosleep，可知母親已經(jīng)睡著，男孩是醒著的，推斷出來是仍然醒著的。故選B。6.【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：過了一會(huì)兒，他開始爬上半開著的窗戶——一條腿跨過了窗戶。A.drag拖拉；B.climb爬上；C.knock敲打；D.push推動(dòng)。根據(jù)空格后onelegwentoverit，可知小孩是在爬窗戶，腳才邁了出去，故選B。7.【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：就在孩子掉下去之前，那人跳起來抓住了他。A.grabbed抓著；B.rocked搖晃；C.touched接觸；D.picked挑選。根據(jù)beforehefellout可知，男人跳起來是為了阻止孩子掉下去，所以要抓住他，故選A。8.【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：噪音把那個(gè)女人吵醒了。A.alarm鬧鐘；B.quarrel吵架；C.risk風(fēng)險(xiǎn)；D.noise噪音。根據(jù)上文Themanjumpedupandgrabbedthechildjustbeforehefellout可知，男人和孩子一定是弄出了很大的動(dòng)靜和聲音，故選D。9.【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她似乎在恐慌，然后明白過來。A.sorrow悲傷；B.relief減輕；C.panic恐慌；D.pain痛苦。根據(jù)上文可知，女人一醒來看到男人抓著自己的孩子，女人對(duì)男人的印象不好，因此作為母親一定是很恐慌的，故選C。10.【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：女人很驚訝，我也很驚訝。A.astonished驚訝；B.confused困惑的；C.concerned關(guān)心的；D.inspired受到鼓舞的。根據(jù)空格前的對(duì)話“Yourchildhasbeenlookingforanopportunitytoclimboutofthewindow，”themansaidashegavethechildbacktoher..“SoIhavebeenwatchingthewholetime.”(“你的孩子一直在找機(jī)會(huì)爬出窗戶，”男人說著把孩子還給了她。“所以我一直在看。”),可知女人對(duì)男人的印象不好，但是男人卻救了他們的孩子，所以最后女人是感到意外和驚訝的，故選A。1（2025屆北京師范大學(xué)附屬中學(xué)高三下學(xué)期三模英語試題)Asastudentplanningtostudymanagement,Irealisedthatclassroomalonewouldn’tbeenoughtofullypreparemeforthechallengesfromtheworld.Eagertogainmarket-relatedexperiencebeforeuniversity,Isteppedintotheworldof1thissummer.Inoticedaprobleminmycommunity:theelectricitysupplywasnot2,oftenbeinginsufficientandleadingtofrequentpowercutsthataffecteddailylife.Thiscreatedaclearneedforachargingstation,soIdecidedtoopenoneto3theissue.Whatstartedasawaytopreparemyselfforcollegequicklyturnedintoameaningfulproject,shapingmyunderstandingofhowbusinesscannotonly4practicalneedsbutalsomakealastingimpactinacommunity.Theresponsetomybusinesswas5.Onthefirstthreedaysalone,Imade$406.Thatinitialsuccesswasmorethanjustencouraging—itwas6thatIwassolvingarealproblemandthatthemarketwasthereformyservices.Seeingpeoplestreamintothecenter,gratefulforthechargingservice,7mybeliefthatbusinessisaboutaddressingneedsandservingothers.Thejourneyofstartingthisbusinesswasnotwithoutchallenges.WhenIneeded8tostartthebusiness,Inegotiatedwithmyrelativestogivemetwocows,whichIthensoldtoraisefunds.Ialso9technicalskillstohandletheelectricalworkmyself,whichreducedmystartupcosts.Today,thechargingcenterisalivewithactivities.TheskillsI’veacquiredwillcertainlyservemewellasIbeginmyuniversityjourney.Lookingback,Icanseehowthese10lessonshavesetastageforthefuture.1．A．medicine B．literature C．business D．science2．A．reliable B．private C．a(chǎn)ffordable D．renewable3．A．discuss B．raise C．report D．a(chǎn)ddress4．A．promote B．replace C．meet D．guide5．A．disappointing B．incredible C．strange D．embarrassing6．A．proof B．doubt C．hope D．fear7．A．confused B．challenged C．confirmed D．changed8．A．income B．capital C．price D．profit9．A．runoutof B．gotridof C．reflectedon D．drewon10．A．practical B．classic C．familiar D．cultural【答案】1．C2．A3．D4．C5．B6．A7．C8．B9．D10．A【解析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者為了在大學(xué)前積累市場(chǎng)相關(guān)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，開始創(chuàng)業(yè)經(jīng)營(yíng)充電站的過程和感悟。1．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：渴望在大學(xué)前獲得與市場(chǎng)相關(guān)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，今年夏天我踏入了商界。A.medicine醫(yī)學(xué)；B.literature文學(xué)；C.business商業(yè)；D.science科學(xué)。根據(jù)上文“Eagertogainmarket-relatedexperience”可知，作者想要獲得與市場(chǎng)相關(guān)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，因此踏入了商界。故選C。2．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我注意到我的社區(qū)存在一個(gè)問題：電力供應(yīng)不可靠，經(jīng)常不足，導(dǎo)致頻繁停電，影響日常生活。A.reliable可靠的；B.private私人的；C.affordable負(fù)擔(dān)得起的；D.renewable可再生的。根據(jù)下文“oftenbeinginsufficientandleadingtofrequentpowercuts”可知，電力供應(yīng)不足，導(dǎo)致頻繁停電，說明電力供應(yīng)不可靠。故選A。3．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這產(chǎn)生了對(duì)充電站的明顯需求，所以我決定開設(shè)一個(gè)來解決這個(gè)問題。A.discuss討論；B.raise提高；C.report報(bào)告；D.address解決。根據(jù)上文“Thiscreatedaclearneedforachargingstation”可知，社區(qū)需要充電站，所以作者決定開設(shè)一個(gè)來解決這個(gè)問題。故選D。4．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這個(gè)最初只是為了為大學(xué)做準(zhǔn)備的項(xiàng)目，很快變成了一個(gè)有意義的項(xiàng)目，塑造了我對(duì)商業(yè)如何不僅能滿足實(shí)際需求，還能在社區(qū)中產(chǎn)生持久影響的理解。A.promote促進(jìn)；B.replace替換；C.meet滿足；D.guide指導(dǎo)。根據(jù)下文“practicalneeds”可知，此處指滿足實(shí)際需求。故選C。5．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我的生意反響令人難以置信。A.disappointing令人失望的；B.incredible難以置信的；C.strange奇怪的；D.embarrassing尷尬的。根據(jù)下文“Onthefirstthreedaysalone,Imade$406.”可知，作者三天就賺了406美元，說明生意反響令人難以置信。故選B。6．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這一初步的成功不僅僅是鼓舞人心的——它證明了我正在解決一個(gè)真正的問題，而且我的服務(wù)有市場(chǎng)。A.proof證明；B.doubt懷疑；C.hope希望；D.fear恐懼。根據(jù)下文“thatIwassolvingarealproblemandthatthemarketwasthereformyservices”可知，作者的生意成功證明了他正在解決一個(gè)真正的問題，而且他的服務(wù)有市場(chǎng)。故選A。7．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：看到人們涌入中心，對(duì)充電服務(wù)表示感謝，這證實(shí)了我的信念：商業(yè)就是滿足需求，為他人服務(wù)。A.confused使困惑；B.challenged挑戰(zhàn)；C.confirmed證實(shí)；D.changed改變。根據(jù)下文“mybeliefthatbusinessisaboutaddressingneedsandservingothers”可知，人們的反應(yīng)證實(shí)了作者對(duì)商業(yè)的信念。故選C。8．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我需要資金來創(chuàng)業(yè)時(shí)，我與親戚談判，讓他們給我兩頭牛，然后我把牛賣掉來籌集資金。A.income收入；B.capital資金；C.price價(jià)格；D.profit利潤(rùn)。根據(jù)下文“whichIthensoldtoraisefunds”可知，作者賣掉牛來籌集資金，說明他創(chuàng)業(yè)時(shí)需要資金。故選B。9．考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：我還利用自己的專業(yè)技術(shù)自行完成了電氣安裝工作，這降低了我的啟動(dòng)成本。A.runoutof用完；B.gotridof擺脫；C.reflectedon反思；D.drewon利用，接近。根據(jù)后文“whichreducedmystartupcosts”可知，作者利用專業(yè)技術(shù)自行完成了電氣安裝工作，這降低了他的創(chuàng)業(yè)成本。故選D。10．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：回顧過去，我可以看到這些實(shí)踐課程如何為未來奠定了基礎(chǔ)。A.practical實(shí)際的；B.classic經(jīng)典的；C.familiar熟悉的；D.cultural文化的。根據(jù)上文作者創(chuàng)業(yè)的經(jīng)歷可知，作者從中學(xué)到了實(shí)際的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，這些實(shí)踐課程為他的未來奠定了基礎(chǔ)。故選A。2（2025屆北京市中國人民大學(xué)附屬中學(xué)高三下學(xué)期三模英語試題)Ihavealwayslovedanimals,frommychildhoodfascinationwithladybirdstogreedilywatchingwildlifeprogramsontelevision.Ithinkonereasonisthatanimalsareoftenmorepatientand1thanmanypeople.AfterIfirstmovedinwithGrandpa,Ispentalotoftimewithhiscat,Jay.Shewasthenalittlelessthantwoyearsoldandveryaloof(冷漠的),preferringtospendallhertimeoutalone2aroundtheneighborhoodgardensandgrowling(低聲吼叫)whenevermygrandpatriedtopatorholdher.Atthattime,Grandparegularlyclockedinattheoffice,often3overtenhourseveryday.Beforemyarrival,Jayhadthereforespentherfirstandformativeyearsaloneformuchofthetime.Itmusthavebeenasurprise,then—andashock—forhertosuddenlyfindthatshenowhad4throughouttheday.Atfirst,Ikeptmy5,knowingthatshewasunusedtohavingsomeonearoundregularly.Instead,Iwaitedforhernatural6towork,andindeeditwasn’tlongbeforeshewould7measIwassittinginthelivingroom,andsniffat(聞一聞)myfeetandhandsifIloweredthemforhertorubwithhernose.Overtime,Jaystartedtospendmoreandmoretime8.Whenevershecamein,Iwouldkneeldownuntilmyfacewaslevelwithhersandslowly9myhandaroundherheadandstroke(輕撫)herinthesamewaythatIhadwatchedherstrokethefuronherbackwithhertongue.Thenshewouldpurr(呼嚕聲),openandclosehereyessleepily,andIknewthatIhadwonher10.Norelationshipiswithouttrustandcompanyandthisisalsotruetohumansandtheirpets.1．A．brave B．a(chǎn)ccepting C．lonely D．rewarding2．A．searching B．fighting C．checking D．wandering3．A．stuck B．gone C．delayed D．lost4．A．company B．danger C．threat D．presence5．A．guard B．way C．distance D．silence6．A．curiosity B．courage C．skill D．sense7．A．walkupto B．liveupto C．catchupt