（英語(yǔ)）高三英語(yǔ)閱讀理解(人生百味)技巧和方法完整版及練習(xí)題一、高中英語(yǔ)閱讀理解人生百味類1．閱讀理解

Wanttoimproveyourwritingskills?NewWritingSouthisdirectingtheway!TownerWriterSquad(班級(jí))forkidsaged13-17

LedbycomedyandTVwriter,MarianKilpatrick,TownerWriterSquadwillmeetonceamonthatthecontemporaryartmuseumfor11months,starting12October,2016.

TheFREEsquadsessionswillincludeintroductionstoawiderangeofwritingstyles,frompoetrytoplaywritingandlyric(抒情詩(shī))toflashfiction,tosupportthedevelopmentofyoungwriters.

Application&Selection

IfyouwouldliketoapplytobepartoftheTownerWriterSquad,pleasesendasamplepieceofyourwriting(about500words),respondingtothetitle"LUNCH",withyourname,age,addressandemailaddressto:debo@.

Onceallapplicationsarein,youwillbeinvitedtoanopenselectioneventon17September,4-5pm,atthegalleryofTowner.ThiswillbeaninformalopportunitytomeettheSquadLeader,SquadAssociateandotheryoungpeople.

Youwillalsohaveachancetogettoknowthefantasticgalleryspaceandgetatasteofwhat'stocome.

Deadlineforapplications:8September,2016

Forfurtherinformationgoto:/toneror.ukor

Anyquestions–feelfreetosendyouremailtoTownerWriterSquadAssociate:wharne@.uk

BeginnerWritingProjectforkidsaged10-13

Duetopopulardemand,awritingprojectwillbestartedforeagerbeginners.

Starttime:6September,2016

MeeteveryotherSaturday,2-4pm,attheTownerStudyCentre.

Studyandwriteatyourownpace–youdonothavetorush–asyouhaveayeartogothroughtheproject.Practiceundertheguidanceofsomeexperiencedwritersandteacherswhocanhelpyouwithbasicwritingskills.Mostimportantly,buildconfidenceandhavefunwhilewriting!

Nopreviousexperienceorspecialbackgroundisrequired.Manyothershavebeensuccessfulthisway.Iftheycandoit,whycan'tyou?

Fee:￡179

Formoreinformationgoto:.ukor.uk（1）TownerWriterSquadwillbestarted________.A.totraincomedyandTVwritersB.toexplorethefantasticgalleryspaceC.tointroduceacontemporaryartmuseumD.topromotethedevelopmentofyoungwriters（2）TojointheWriterSquad,eachapplicantshouldfirst_________.A.provideapieceoftheirwritingB.meettheWriterSquadLeaderC.offertheirfamilyinformationD.completeanapplicationform（3）Whatismostimportantforthebeginners?A.Practisingasmuchaspossible.B.Gainingconfidenceandhavingfun.C.Studyingandwritingattheirownpace.D.Learningskillsfromwritersandteachers.【答案】（1）D（2）A（3）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了不同年齡階段孩子為提高寫(xiě)作水平設(shè)置的寫(xiě)作培訓(xùn)班，說(shuō)明了招收學(xué)員的年齡、申請(qǐng)的條件、開(kāi)課時(shí)間、報(bào)名截止日期及費(fèi)用等信息。（1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)TheFREE部分中的“squadsessionswillincludeintroductionstoawiderangeofwritingstyles,frompoetrytoplaywritingandlyric(抒情詩(shī))toflashfiction,tosupportthedevelopmentofyoungwriters.”班會(huì)將包括介紹廣泛的寫(xiě)作風(fēng)格，從詩(shī)歌到戲劇寫(xiě)作，從抒情詩(shī)到微型小說(shuō)，以支持年輕作家的發(fā)展。可知，TownerWriterSquad促進(jìn)年輕作家的發(fā)展。故選D。（2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)Application&Selection部分中的“IfyouwouldliketoapplytobepartoftheTownerWriterSquad,pleasesendasamplepieceofyourwriting”如果你想申請(qǐng)成為T(mén)ownerWriterSquad的一員，請(qǐng)寄一份你的寫(xiě)作樣稿?？芍?，要加入WriterSquad，每個(gè)申請(qǐng)人必須先提供一篇他們的作品。故選A。（3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)Starttime:6September,2016部分中的“Mostimportantly,buildconfidenceandhavefunwhilewriting!”最重要的是，在寫(xiě)作的過(guò)程中建立自信和獲得樂(lè)趣!可知，對(duì)初學(xué)者來(lái)說(shuō)獲得信心和樂(lè)趣是最重要的。故選B。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解題型的考查，是一篇介紹類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，并結(jié)合題目要求，從而選出正確答案。2．閱讀理解

Anyonewhoisafraidoffailureandafraidtofacechallengeswillnevertastesuccess,sosaidourprofessorinmarketing.Ilaugheditoffatthattime,butgotfrightenedwhenitactuallyhappenedinmylife.

IlandedinasmallcityintheMiddleEasttosetupafirm,aworld－classcarrentalfirm.Havingdecidedontheproject,Iearnestlysettledinpreparation.Withapositivemind,Itoldmyselfnothingshouldstopmenow,andwasmorethankeentomakeitasuccess.

However,theleastexpectedthinghappened.IraqinvadedKuwait.Tensionranhighintheregion.Eventuallythewarbrokeout,andmanypeoplefledthecountry,leavingmyfirmindeeptrouble.

Asusual,"thingsbecomedifficult,andeveryeffortseemstobringdisappointment,itcanbetemptingtoloweryourexpectationsorevenwaterdownyourgoalsandambitions."Iwasnoexception.Ithoughtofrunningaway.IrememberedthewordsofThomasEdison,"Manyoflife'sfailuresarepeoplewhodidnotrealizehowclosetheyweretosucceedwhentheygaveup."

Idecidedtohangon,tellingmyself,"Iamnotafraidofchallengesandobstacles."Istayedonthroughmonthsofuncertaintyandinsecurity.Financesranlow,andbankscouldnotwaittogettheirdues.Toaddtoallthis,thebankseventhreatenedtotakeallmyvehicles.IfeltImadeawrongdecisiontomovethere.Iwasnowreadytofacefailure.

Iwaslivingagainstallhopes,believingthatsomethinggoodwouldhappen.After2monthsthewarended.Mypersistencepaidoff:peoplestartedfloodingbackandthecarbookingspickedup,fivetimesover.

Successcomestotheonewhodares,evenafterfailure,tothinkpositivelyandlookforwardconfidently.Afterall,itisonlytheexperiencethatmakesamantough.Failuredoesnotmeanyouwillnevermakeit.Itmeansthatitwilltakealittlelonger.Itprovidesuswithalearningexperience.（1）Themainmethodtheauthorusestosupporthisunderstandingofhisprofessor'sviewpointis________.A.

offeringanalyses

B.

providingexplanationsC.

makingcomparisons

D.

givingexamples（2）HowdidtheauthorfeelwhenthewarbetweenIraqandKuwaitbrokeout?A.

Unconfident

B.

Indifferent

C.

Nervous

D.

Calm（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"waterdown"inthe4thparagraphprobablymean?A.

getridof

B.

smoothaway

C.

makelessforceful

D.

improveon（4）Theauthor'spurposeofwritingthepassageismostlikelyto________.A.

inform

B.

persuade

C.

describe

D.

entertain【答案】（1）D（2）A（3）C（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文，作者的教授曾經(jīng)說(shuō)過(guò)，任何害怕失敗和害怕面對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)的人永遠(yuǎn)都不會(huì)嘗到成功的滋味。作者當(dāng)時(shí)不以為然當(dāng)，直到自己親身經(jīng)歷了失敗和挑戰(zhàn)后，作者才意識(shí)到人們面對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)或失敗時(shí)要大膽應(yīng)對(duì)，保持積極的心態(tài)。（1）考查推理判斷。一開(kāi)始介紹了作者的教授提出的一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)，但是作者當(dāng)時(shí)不以為然，直到在今后實(shí)際生活中真正遇到了失敗或挑戰(zhàn)時(shí)才認(rèn)識(shí)到了教授的觀點(diǎn)。下文主要通過(guò)自己的親身經(jīng)歷闡述了自己的觀點(diǎn)，即通過(guò)舉例說(shuō)明的方式。故選D。（2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段中的“Iwasnoexception.Ithoughtofrunningaway.”我也不例外。我想過(guò)逃跑；以及第五段中的“IfeltImadeawrongdecisiontomovethere.Iwasnowreadytofacefailure.”我覺(jué)得搬到那里去是一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤的決定。我現(xiàn)在準(zhǔn)備好面對(duì)失敗了。可知當(dāng)伊拉克和科威特之間的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)爆發(fā)時(shí)，作者感到?jīng)]有信心。故選A。（3）考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)第四段中的“thingsbecomedifficult,andeveryeffortseemstobringdisappointment,itcanbetemptingtoloweryourexpectationsoreven”可知當(dāng)事情變得困難，每一次努力似乎都會(huì)帶來(lái)失望，它可能會(huì)降低你的期望，甚至降低你的目標(biāo)和抱負(fù)。故可推測(cè)劃線短語(yǔ)意思為"削弱"，與C選項(xiàng)含義接近。故選C。（4）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Successcomestotheonewhodares,evenafterfailure,tothinkpositivelyandlookforwardconfidently.Afterall,itisonlytheexperiencethatmakesamantough.Failuredoesnotmeanyouwillnevermakeit.Itmeansthatitwilltakealittlelonger.Itprovidesuswithalearningexperience.”成功屬于那些即使在失敗之后仍敢積極思考并充滿信心地展望未來(lái)的人。畢竟，只有經(jīng)歷才能使人堅(jiān)強(qiáng)。失敗并不意味著你永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)成功。這意味著它將花費(fèi)更長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間。它給我們提供了一個(gè)學(xué)習(xí)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。可知作者寫(xiě)這篇文章的目的是勸說(shuō)人們面對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)或失敗時(shí)要大膽去對(duì)應(yīng)，保持積極的心態(tài)。即作者寫(xiě)這篇文章的目的是說(shuō)服別人。故選B。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及詞義猜測(cè)和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇人生感悟類閱讀，要求考生根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，從而選出正確答案。3．閱讀理解

WetalkalotintheU.S.aboutsuccess.Successisthedreamandtheendpoint.AndnotbycoincidencetheideathathardworkleadstopersonalsuccessisasAmericanasapplepie.

Buttherealityisthatsometimeswefail.Andsometimesthings,throughnofaultofourown,don'tgoourway.We'refacedwithalife-changingdiagnosis(診斷),thepassingofalovedoneorjobloss.Wedon't,asasociety,haveasmuchtosayhere.

Ithinkuncertaintydoesusallharm.We'dfeelbetterequippedtodealwithuncertaintyifwetalkedaboutitmore.Ihadsofullyboughtintothebeliefthatwithenougheffort,Icouldcontrolwhathappenedinmylife.IactuallycaughtmyselfthinkingIcould"workmywayout"ofmycancer.Asitturnsout,cancerdoesn'treallycareaboutone'swork.

Wemightalsomakewiserdecisions—thisisn'tjustafeel-goodexercise.Forexample,technologyandmedicinehaveprogressedtothepointthatmanypatientsarelivinglongerthantheywouldhaveevenadecadeago.Theseareachievementsworthcelebrating.AndyetIwonderifthefocusonsuccessissometimesmisguidedhereaswell.Ifitisonereasonwhywetendtopursueexpensiveend-of-lifetreatments,theyoftenaccomplishlittleotherthantomakeapatient'sfinaldayspainfulandfrightening.Thefactisthat,whenasked,manypatientswouldratherfocusonlivingmeaningfullyintheirfinaldays.

Myhopehereistomakeacaseforthinkingaboutmeaning,inthesamewaywethinkaboutpursuingsuccess.Inthatspirit,I'veaskedseveralpeople,eachofwhomhasmetmisfortune,howtheyfindmeaningintheirlives.Thediversityintheirresponsesreflectsthefactthattherearenorightorwronganswershere.Weeachcanfindmeaningindifferentthings.（1）WhatisthetypicalAmericanidea?A.

Successisthedream.

B.

Successliesinhardwork.C.

Applepieisthebestfood.

D.

Failureisalwaysavoidable.（2）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"inParagraph3probablyreferto?A.

Equipment.

B.

Culture.

C.

Uncertainty.

D.

Belief.（3）Intheirfinaldaysmanypatientsactuallywantto______.A.

liveaslongaspossible

B.

liveamoremeaningfullifeC.

makegreatprogressinmedicine

D.

getexpensiveend-of-lifetreatments（4）Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.

Theauthorthinkspursuingsuccessiswrong.B.

Wecanbenefitfromsomeunluckythings.C.

Wecanfindthesamemeaninginourlife.D.

Personallytherearedifferentmeaningsinlife.【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）B（4）D【解析】【分析】短文大意：在美國(guó)人們經(jīng)常談?wù)摮晒?。成功是?mèng)想，是終點(diǎn)。美國(guó)人認(rèn)為努力工作就能獲得個(gè)人成功每個(gè)人都能在不同的事物中找到意義。（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的AndnotbycoincidencetheideathathardworkleadstopersonalsuccessisasAmericanasapplepie.可知美國(guó)人認(rèn)為努力工作就能獲得個(gè)人成功。故選B。（2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的We'dfeelbetterequippedtodealwithuncertaintyifwetalkedaboutitmore.可知我們會(huì)感覺(jué)更好地準(zhǔn)備好應(yīng)對(duì)不確定性，如果我們更多地談?wù)撍?。可推斷，it指代的是不確定性。故選C。（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的Thefactisthat,whenasked,manypatientswouldratherfocusonlivingmeaningfullyintheirfinaldays.可知，在生命的最后幾天，許多病人實(shí)際上更專注于有意義的生活，故選B。（4）推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段Thediversityintheirresponsesreflectsthefactthattherearenorightorwronganswershere.Weeachcanfindmeaningindifferentthings.可知，關(guān)于人生意義的回答，沒(méi)有對(duì)或錯(cuò)的答案，每個(gè)人都能在不同的事物中找到意義，故選D?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解題和推理判斷題。細(xì)節(jié)理解題要注意從文中尋找答案；推理判斷題需要聯(lián)系上下文，推斷出需要的信息。4．Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.

AfterIwasmarriedandhadlivedinJapanforwhile,myJapanesegraduallyimprovedtothepointwhereIcouldtakepartinsimpleconversationswithmyhusbandandhisfriendsandfamily.AndIbegantonoticethatoften,whenIjoinedin,theotherswouldlooksurprised,andtheconversationaltopicwouldcometoastop.Afterthishappenedseveraltimes,itbecamecleartomethatIwasdoingsomethingwrong.Butforalongtime,Ididn'tknowwhatitwas.

Finally,afterlisteningcarefullytomanyJapaneseconversations,Idiscoveredwhatmyproblemwas.EventhoughIwasspeakingJapanese,IwashandlingtheconversationinaWesternway.

AWestern-styleconversationbetweentwopeopleislikeagameoftennis.IfIintroduceatopic,aconversationalball,Iexpectyoutohititback.Ifyouagreewithme,Idon'texpectyousimplytoagreeanddonothingmore.Iexpectyoutoaddsomething-areasonforagreeing,anotherexample,oradetailedexplanationtocarrytheideafurther.ButIdon'texpectyoualwaystoagree.Iamjustashappyifyouquestionme,orchallengeme,orcompletelydisagreewithme.Whetheryouagreeordisagree,yourresponsewillreturntheballtome.

AJapanese-styleconversation,however,isnotatallliketennisorvolleyball.It'slikebowling.Youwaitforyourturn.Andyoualwaysknowyourplaceinline.Itdependsonsuchthingsaswhetheryouareolderoryounger,aclosefriendorarelativestrangertothepreviousspeaker,inaseniororjuniorposition,andsoon.

Whenyourturncomes,youstepuptothestartinglinewithyourbowlingballandcarefullybowlit.Everyoneelsestandsbackandwatchespolitely,murmuringencouragement.Everyonewaitsuntiltheballhasreachedtheendofthealley（球場(chǎng)）andwatchestoseeifitknocksdownallthepins,oronlysomeofthem,ornoneofthem.Thereisapause,whileeveryoneregistersyourscore.

Then,aftereveryoneissurethatyouhavecompletelyfinishedyourturn,thenextpersoninlinestepsuptothesamestartingline,withadifferentball.Hedoesn'treturnyourball,andhedoesnotbeginfromwhereyourballstopped.Andthereisalwaysasuitablepausebetweenturns.Thereisnorush,noscramblefortheball.

Ifyouhavebeentrainedallyourlifetoplayonegame,itisnosimplemattertoswitchtoanother,evenifyouknowtherules.Knowingtherulesisnotatallthesamethingasplayingthegame.（1）TheauthormakesallofthefollowingargumentsEXCEPTthat_____.A.

Japanese-styleconversationsarelikebowling.B.

western-styleconversationsareliketennisorvolleyballC.

inJapanese-styleconversations,youmustwaityourturntospeakD.

western-styleconversationsarelongerthanJapanese-styleconversations（2）Theauthor'spurposeinwrithingthisarticleisto_____.A.

instruct

B.

entertain

C.

joke

D.

criticize（3）Themainideaofthearticleis_______.A.

peopletalkdifferentlyinJapanthanintheWestB.

it'simportanttotakepartinconversationsC.

talkingwithsomeonefromanothercountryprovesdifficultD.

it'srudetointerruptsomeonewhoisspeaking【答案】（1）D（2）A（3）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文，作者結(jié)合自己的切身經(jīng)歷談?wù)摿巳帐降恼勗捄臀魇降恼勗挼牟煌?，由此告訴我們與來(lái)自另一個(gè)國(guó)家的人交談是困難的。（1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中的“AJapanese-styleconversation,however,isnotatallliketennisorvolleyball.It'slikebowling.Youwaitforyourturn.”可知，日式的談話不像打網(wǎng)球或排球，而像打保齡球，你需要等著輪到你，由此可知，日式的談話比西式的時(shí)間要長(zhǎng)，故選D。（2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，作者結(jié)合自己的切身經(jīng)歷告訴我們?nèi)帐降恼勗捄臀魇降恼勗挼牟煌帲纱丝芍?，作者?xiě)這篇文章的目的就是為了給大家一些指導(dǎo)，注意與來(lái)自另一個(gè)國(guó)家的人交談時(shí)談話方式的差異，故選A。（3）考查主旨大意。通讀全文，特別是根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容可知，作者結(jié)合自己的切身經(jīng)歷談?wù)摿巳帐降恼勗捄臀魇降恼勗挼牟煌帲纱烁嬖V我們與來(lái)自另一個(gè)國(guó)家的人交談是困難的，故選C?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇人生感悟類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。5．閱讀理解

Iamataxidriver.OneMondaymorning,IhadstoppedatNewYorkHospitalwhenIfoundawell-dressedmancomingover.Hewaswavingtome.Iwaiteduntilhejumpedintothetaxi."LaGuardiaAirport,please,"hesaid.

Asalways,Iwonderedaboutmypassenger."Whatdoyoudo?""Iamworkingatthehospital."Forsomeunknownreason,Idecidedtoaskforhishelp.

"CouldIaskafavorofyou?"Hedidn'tanswer."Ihaveason,16.He'sdoingwellinschool.Hewantsajobthissummer.Isthereanypossibilitythatyoumightgethimasummerjob?"Afteraminute,hesaid,"Themedicalstudentshavearesearchproject.Maybehecouldfitin.Havehimsendmehisschoolrecords."Hesearchedhispocketandhandedmeacard.

Thatevening,Ipulledthecardfrommypocket."Robbie,"Isaidproudly,"Thiscouldbeasummerjobforyou.Sendhimyourschoolrecords."Hereaditoutloud,"FredPlum,NewYorkHospital.""Isthisajoke?"hesaidindoubt.AfterIshoutedandthreatened(恐嚇)tocutoffhispocket-money,Robbiepromisedtosendoffhisgradesthenextmorning.

Twoweekslater,whenIarrivedhome,mysonhandedmealetterfromPlum.HewastophonePlum'ssecretaryforaninterview.

Robbiegotthejob.Thewhitecoatheworemadehimfeelmoreimportantthanhereallywas.Ashighschoolgraduationneared,Plumwaskindenoughtowritelettersofrecommendation(推薦)foruniversities.Atlast,RobbiewasadmittedtoNewYorkMedicalCollege.

Itneverhappenedtomethatastrangershouldchangemyson'sfuture.（1）TheauthorthreatenedtocutoffRobbie'spocket-moneyprobablybecause_________.A.hewastiredafteraday'swork.B.hedidn'tearnenoughmoney.C.Robbiewasunwillingtowork.D.Robbiedidn'tbelievewhathesaid.（2）ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatPlumis_________.A.patientandselfless.B.generousandcareful.C.kindandhelpful.D.wealthyandhandsome.（3）Whatmessagedoesthepassagewanttotellus?A.Astrangermaychangeyourlife.B.Onemustbefriendlytostrangers.C.Afathershouldberesponsibleforhisson.D.Doctorsmayhaveagreateffectonpeople.【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）A【解析】【分析】本文主要講述一名作為出租車司機(jī)的父親求助他的醫(yī)生乘客為他的兒子求得一份暑期工作，最終他的兒子被紐約醫(yī)學(xué)院錄取了，陌生人也可能改變你的生活。（1）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“Isthisajoke?”hesaidindoubt.AfterIshoutedandthreatened(恐嚇)tocutoffhispocket-money,Robbiepromisedtosendoffhisgradesthenextmorning.“這是個(gè)玩笑嗎?”他懷疑地說(shuō)。在我大喊大叫并威脅要切斷他的零用錢(qián)后，Robbie答應(yīng)第二天早上把他的成績(jī)寄出去?？芍?，作者威脅切斷了他的零用錢(qián)，是因?yàn)樽髡卟幌嘈帕_比所說(shuō)的。故選D。（2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Themedicalstudentshavearesearchproject.Maybehecouldfitin.Havehimsendmehisschoolrecords.”“醫(yī)學(xué)院的學(xué)生有一個(gè)研究項(xiàng)目。也許他能適應(yīng)。讓他把他的成績(jī)單寄給我?！焙偷箶?shù)第二段中Ashighschoolgraduationneared,Plumwaskindenoughtowritelettersofrecommendation(推薦)foruniversities.“隨著高中畢業(yè)的臨近，Plum好心地為大學(xué)寫(xiě)了推薦信?！笨芍狿lum是一個(gè)親切好心、樂(lè)于助人的人。故選C。（3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段Itneverhappenedtomethatastrangershouldchangemyson'sfuture.“我從未想過(guò)一個(gè)陌生人會(huì)改變我兒子的未來(lái)?！笨芍恼孪敫嬖V我們陌生人可能改變你的生活。故選A?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。推理判斷題是?？嫉念}型，在閱讀時(shí)，抓住文章主題和細(xì)節(jié)，分析文章結(jié)構(gòu)，根據(jù)上下文內(nèi)在的聯(lián)系，挖掘文章的深層含義。6．閱讀理解

LetusallraiseaglasstoAlphaGoandtheadvanceofartificialintelligence.AlphaGo,DeepMind'sGo-playingAI,justdefeatedthebestGo-playinghuman,LeeSedol.Butaswedrinktoitssuccess,weshouldalsobegintryingtounderstandwhatitmeansforthefuture.

ThenumberofpossiblemovesinagameofGoissohugethatinordertowinagainstaplayerlikeLee.AlphaGowasdesignedtoadoptahuman—likestyleofgameplaybyusingarelativelyrecentdevelopment--deeplearning.Deeplearninguseslargedatasets,"machinelearning"algorithms（計(jì)算程序）anddeepneuralnetworkstoteachtheAIhowtoperformaparticularsetoftasks.RatherthanprogrammingcomplexGorulesandstrategiesintoAlphaGoDeepMinddesignerstaughtAlphaGotoplaythegamebyfeedingitdatabasedontypicalGomoves.Then,AlphaGoplayedagainstitself,tirelesslylearningfromitsownmistakesandimprovingitsgameplayovertime.Theresultsspeakforthemselves.

Deeplearningrepresentsashiftintherelationshiphumanshavewiththeirtechnologicalcreations.ItresultsinAIthatdisplayssurprisingandunpredictablebehaviour.Commentingafterhisfirstloss,Leedescribedbeingshockedbyanunconventionalmoveheclaimednohumanwouldeverhavemade.DemisHassabis,oneofDeepMind'sfounders,echoedthiscomment:"We'reverypleasedthatAlphaGoplayedsomequitesurprisingandbeautifulmoves."

Unpredictabilityandsurprisesare—orcanbe—agoodthing.Theycanindicatethatasystemisworkingwell,perhapsbetterthanthehumansthatcamebeforeit.SuchisthecasewithAlphaGo.However,unpredictabilityalsoindicatesalossofhumancontrol.ThatHassabisissurprisedathiscreation'sbehavioursuggestsalackofcontrolinthedesign.AndthoughsomelossofcontrolmightbefineinthecontextofagamesuchasGo,itraisesurgentquestionselsewhere.

HowmuchandwhatkindofcontrolshouldwegiveuptoAImachines?HowshouldwedesignappropriatehumancontrolintoAIthatrequiresustogiveupsomeofthatverycontrol?IstheresomeAIthatweshouldjustnotdevelopifitmeansanylossofhumancontrol?Howmuchofasayshouldcorporations,governments,expertsorcitizenshaveinthesematters?Theseimportantquestions,andmanyotherslikethem,haveemergedinresponse,butremainunanswered.Theyrequirehuman,nothuman-like,solutions.

SoaswedrinktothemilestoneinAI,let'salsodrinktotheunderstandingthatthetimetoanswerdeeplyhumanquestionsaboutdeeplearningandAIisnow.（1）WhatcontributesmosttotheunconventionalmoveofAlphaGointhegame?A.Thecapabilityofself-improvement.B.Theconstantinputoflargedatasets.C.Theinstallationofdeepneutralnetworks.D.TheknowledgeofGorulesandstrategies.（2）ApotentialdangerofAlis_____.A.thelossofhumancontrolB.thefriendlyrelationshipC.thefiercecompetitionD.thelackofchallenge（3）HowshouldwedealwiththeunpredictabilityofAI?A.WeshouldstopAImachinesfromdevelopingevenfurther.B.Weshouldcallonthegovernmenttosolvetheseproblemsforus.C.Weshouldrelyonourselvesandcomeupwitheffectivesolutions.D.Weshouldinventevenmoreintelligentmachinestosolveeverything.（4）What'stheauthor'sattitudetowardsthisremarkableadvanceinAI?A.Supportive.B.Optimistic.C.Doubtful.D.Cautious.【答案】（1）A（2）A（3）C（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文，作者結(jié)合人工智能AlphaGo戰(zhàn)勝韓國(guó)棋手李世石的圍棋比賽展開(kāi)，闡述了AI的運(yùn)作原理以及作者的思考。（1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的“Then，AlphaGoplayedagainstitself,tirelesslylearningfromitsownmistakesandimprovingitsgameplayovertime.Theresultsspeakforthemselves.”可知，AI的學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程是通過(guò)不斷和自己比賽，吸取經(jīng)驗(yàn)獲得自我提高，故選A。（2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中的“However，unpredictabilityalsoindicatesalossofhumancontrol.”可知，不可預(yù)測(cè)性也表明失去了人類的控制，故選A。（3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)

第五段中的“Theyrequirehuman，nothuman-like，solutions.”可知，他們需要人類，只有人類自己努力才最可能找出解決方案，故選C。（4）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段中的“SoaswedrinktothemilestoneinAI,let'salsodrinktotheunderstandingthatthetimetoanswerdeeplyhumanquestionsaboutdeeplearningandAIisnow.”可知作者對(duì)于AI的先進(jìn)性持謹(jǐn)慎態(tài)度，讓時(shí)間來(lái)證明這一切。故選D?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇人生感悟類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。7．閱讀理解

WhenAndrewKaplanrecalls,hisstoriesleavetheimpressionthathehasmanagedtopackmultiplelivesintoasingleexistence:Awarreporterinhis20s.anarmymember,asuccessfulbusinessmanand-later.theauthorofnumerousspynovelsandHollywoodscripts.

Nowthesilverhaired78-yearoldhasrealizedhewouldlikehislovedonestohaveaccesstothosestories,evenwhenheisnolongeralivetosharethem.Kaplanhasagreedtobecome"AndyBot"---avirtualpersonwhowillbe:immortalized(TF5)inthecloudforhundreds,perhapsthousandsofyears

Ifallgoesaccordingtoplanfuturegenerationswillbeabletointeractwithhimusingvoicecomputingplatformsofmobiledevices,askinghimquestions,lettinghimtellstoriesanddrawinguponalifetime'sworthofadvicelongafterhisphysicalbodyisgone.

Someday,Kaplan,whoplayfullyreferstohimselfasapig,mayberememberedasoneoftheworld'sfirstdigitalhumans.

Fordecades,SiliconValleyfuturistshavesoughttofreehumanityfromthelifecycle.Today,anewgenerationofcompaniesissellingsomeapproximation(近似)ofvirtualimmortality,whichgivespeopletheopportunitytopreserveone'slegacy(遺產(chǎn))onlineforever.

Kaplaniseagertobecomeoneoftheworld'sfirstvirtualresidents,partlybecauseheconsiderstheeffortawaytoextendclosedfamilybondsovermultiplegenerations.

Iftechnologysucceedsincreatingemotionallyintelligentdigitalhumans,expertssay,itmayforeverchangethewaylivingpeoplecooperatewithcomputersandexperienceloss."AndyBot"maybecomeoneoftheworld'sfirst:meaningfulexamples,raisingcomplexphilosophicalquestionsaboutthenatureofimmortalityandthepurposeofexistenceitself.（1）Whatisthepurposeofthefirstparagraph?A.TohighlightKaplan'sachievements.B.Tointroducethetopic--AndyBot.C.ToarousereadersinterestinKaplan.D.TointroduceKaplan'slife.（2）WhydidAndrewKaplanagreetobecomeAndyBot?A.Hewantedtosharehislifeexperienceaslongaspossible.B.Hewantedtomakehislovedonerememberhim.C.Hebelievedthisactionwillhelpwithhisnovels.D.Hecouldliveinthecloudtocontinuehislife.（3）WhatmighttheAndyBotdoforfuturegenerations?A.Hemayusevoicecomputingplatforms.B.Hemayuseanewbodytogoonliving.C.Hemayoffersomeguidance.D.Hemayaskthemquestions.（4）Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Philosophicalproblemscanbeworkedoutbymodernscience.B.Peoplecantalkwiththeirlatefamilymembersfreely.C.Scientistshavemadegreatprogressincomputerscience.D.Thereisstillalongwayfordigitalhumanstogo.【答案】（1）B（2）A（3）C（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了科技新動(dòng)態(tài)----數(shù)字人。（1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段可知，當(dāng)安德魯·卡普蘭回憶往昔的時(shí)候，他的故事讓人感覺(jué)他活出了各種各樣的人生：20多歲的時(shí)候是戰(zhàn)地記者，還是一名軍人，一位成功的商人，隨后又是很多間諜小說(shuō)和好萊塢劇本的作者。主要介紹安德魯·卡普蘭豐富多彩的人生；在根據(jù)第二段中的“Nowthesilverhaired78-yearoldhasrealizedhewouldlikehislovedonestohaveaccesstothosestories,evenwhenheisnolongeralivetosharethem.Kaplanhasagreedtobecome“AndyBot”---avirtualpersonwhowillbe”現(xiàn)在這位花白頭發(fā)的78歲的老人想要他愛(ài)的人知道這些故事，甚至當(dāng)他去世之后還可以分享這些故事。Kaplan同意變成數(shù)字人，可知，第一段的內(nèi)容主要是引出下文中文章的話題數(shù)字人。故選B。（2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“Nowthesilverhaired78-yearoldhasrealizedhewouldlikehislovedonestohaveaccesstothosestories,evenwhenheisnolongeralivetosharethem.Kaplanhasagreedtobecome‘AndyBot’...avirtualpersonwhowillbe”現(xiàn)在這位花白頭發(fā)的78歲的老人想要他愛(ài)的人知道這些故事，甚至當(dāng)他去世之后還可以分享這些故事。Kaplan同意變成數(shù)字人，可知，卡普蘭同意變成數(shù)字人是為了能更長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的分享自己的這些故事。故選A。（3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“Ifallgoesaccordingtoplan.futuregenerationswillbeabletointeractwithhimusingvoicecomputingplatformsofmobiledevices,askinghimquestions,lettinghimtellstoriesanddrawinguponalifetime'sworthofadvicelongafterhisphysicalbodyisgone.”如果一切按計(jì)劃進(jìn)行，后代可以通過(guò)移動(dòng)端的語(yǔ)音平臺(tái)和他交流，即使他的肉體不存在后，還可以問(wèn)他問(wèn)題，讓他講故事以及咨詢他一生經(jīng)驗(yàn)的寶貴建議?？芍ㄆ仗m成為“數(shù)字人”后，他的后代仍能得到他一生經(jīng)驗(yàn)的寶貴建議。故選C。（4）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Iftechnologysucceedsincreatingemotionallyintelligentdigitalhumans,expertssay,itmayforeverchangethewaylivingpeoplecooperatewithcomputersandexperienceloss.”可知，專家們說(shuō)，如果科技成功地創(chuàng)造出高情商的數(shù)字人類，它可能會(huì)永遠(yuǎn)改變?nèi)祟惻c電腦交互的方式，以及處理失去親人創(chuàng)傷的方式，即目前的數(shù)字人類還無(wú)法擁有高情商，還是不夠完美的，因此數(shù)字人技術(shù)還有很長(zhǎng)的路要走。故選D?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇科技類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。8．閱讀理解

Ifyouliveinaplacewheremostpeoplespeakthelanguageyouarelearning,youmayusethelanguageforseveralhourseachday.Soitmaybecomepartofyour"innerspeech."Inotherwords,youstartthinkinginthatlanguage.Yourmind