專題13閱讀理解議論文

考點五年考情（2021-2025）命題趨勢

議論文的題材多樣化、知識

2021新課標I卷—情商的研究與期望；1.

考點人與自我類

1化，它包括社會科學的多個領

2021全國甲卷—天才有多種形式；

議論文

域，涵蓋文化、歷史、文學、科

2021天津卷—當雜家還是專家；

（年考）

54學和教育等各個方面，以及和自

2019天津卷—成功需要不斷學習。

然科學交叉的學科，體現(xiàn)以人為

本的特點。

2.演繹論證議論文：注意文章的

全國一卷重視城市宜居性；

2025—開篇，因為文章的開篇是文章的

八省聯(lián)考卷產(chǎn)品設計去性別化；

2025主旨，抓住了主旨，也就抓住了

新課標卷數(shù)字閱讀與紙質(zhì)閱讀；

2024I—作者的觀點，從而把握了文章的

全國甲卷小說結(jié)局引起的思考；

2024—中心思想。

考點2人與社會類

2023全國乙卷—研究歷史需要物證；

議論文3.歸納論證議論文：注意文章的

北京卷對量子計算機看法；

2022—尾段，因為尾段是對前面所舉事

（5年10考）

天津卷美好生活的秘訣；

2022—例和分論點的歸納和概括。

2020北京卷—通用人工智能可能性；

4.抓論點、尋論據(jù)。閱讀議論

全國卷中國美學影響國際時尚

2019III—;文我們要抓住論題，即作者提出

北京卷無人駕駛汽車的前景。

2018—的觀點、給出的例證及最后得出

的結(jié)論。抓住了論題，我們就把

握了中心。

考點1人與自我類議論文

【2021新課標I卷】

Popularizationhasinsomecaseschangedtheoriginalmeaningofemotional(情感的)intelligence.Many

peoplenowmisunderstandemotionalintelligenceasalmosteverythingdesirableinaperson’smakeupthatcannot

bemeasuredbyanIQtest,suchascharacter,motivation,confidence,mentalstability,optimismand“peopleskills.”

Researchhasshownthatemotionalskillsmaycontributetosomeofthesequalities,butmostofthemmovefar

beyondskill-basedemotionalintelligence.

Weprefertodescribeemotionalintelligenceasaspecificsetofskillsthatcanbeusedforeithergoodorbad

purposes.Theabilitytoaccuratelyunderstandhowothersarefeelingmaybeusedbyadoctortofindhowbestto

helpherpatients,whileacheatermightuseittocontrolpotentialvictims.Beingemotionallyintelligentdoesnot

necessarilymakeoneamoralperson.

Althoughpopularbeliefsregardingemotionalintelligencerunfaraheadofwhatresearchcanreasonably

support,theoveralleffectsofthepublicityhavebeenmorebeneficialthanharmful.Themostpositiveaspectofthis

popularizationisanewandmuchneededemphasis(重視)onemotionbyemployers,educatorsandothers

interestedinpromotingsocialwell-being.Thepopularizationofemotionalintelligencehashelpedboththepublic

andresearchersre-evaluatethefunctionalityofemotionsandhowtheyservepeopleadaptivelyineverydaylife.

Althoughthecontinuingpopularappealofemotionalintelligenceisdesirable,wehopethatsuchattentionwill

exciteagreaterinterestinthescientificandscholarlystudyofemotion.Itisourhopethatincomingdecades,

advancesinsciencewilloffernewperspectives(視角)fromwhichtostudyhowpeoplemanagetheirlives.

Emotionalintelligence,withitsfocusonbothheadandheart,mayservetopointusintherightdirection.

32.Whatisacommonmisunderstandingofemotionalintelligence?

A.ItcanbemeasuredbyanIQtest.B.Ithelpstoexerciseaperson'smind.

C.Itincludesasetofemotionalskills.D.Itreferstoaperson’spositivequalities.

33.Whydoestheauthormention“doctor”and“cheater”inparagraph2?

A.Toexplainarule.B.Toclarifyaconcept.

C.Topresentafact.D.Tomakeaprediction.

34.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetothepopularizationofemotionalintelligence?

A.Favorable.B.Intolerant.C.Doubtful.D.Unclear.

35.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkaboutconcerningemotionalintelligence?

A.Itsappealtothepublic.B.Expectationsforfuturestudies.

C.Itspracticalapplication.D.Scientistswithnewperspectives.

【2021全國甲卷】

Whoisagenius?Thisquestionhasgreatlyinterestedhumankindforcenturies.

Let'sstateclearly:Einsteinwasagenius.Hisfaceisalmosttheinternationalsymbolforgenius.Butwewant

togobeyondonemanandexplorethenatureofgeniusitself.Whyisitthatsomepeoplearesomuchmore

intelligentorcreativethantherestofus?Andwhoarethey?

Inthesciencesandarts,thosepraisedasgeniusesweremostoftenwhitemen,ofEuropeanorigin.Perhapsthis

isnotasurprise.It'ssaidthathistoryiswrittenbythevictors,andthosevictorssetthestandardsforadmissionto

thegeniusclub.Whencontributionsweremadebygeniusesoutsidetheclub—women,orpeopleofadifferent

colororbelief—theywereunacknowledgedandrejectedbyothers.

AstudyrecentlypublishedbySciencefoundthatasyoungasagesix,girlsarelesslikelythanboystosaythat

membersoftheirgender(性別)are“really,reallysmart.”Evenworse,thestudyfoundthatgirlsactonthatbelief:

Aroundagesixtheystarttoavoidactivitiessaidtobeforchildrenwhoare“really,reallysmart.”Canourplanet

affordtohaveanygreatthinkersbecomediscouragedandgiveup?Itdoesn'ttakeageniustoknowtheanswer:

absolutelynot.

Here'sthegoodnews.Inawiredworldwithconstantglobalcommunication,we'reallpositionedtoseeflashes

ofgeniuswherevertheyappear.Andthemorewelook,themorewewillseethatsocialfactors(因素)likegender,

race,andclassdonotdeterminetheappearanceofgenius.Asawritersays,futuregeniusescomefromthosewith

“intelligence,creativity,perseverance(毅力),andsimplegoodfortune,whoareabletochangetheworld.”

32.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofvictors'standardsforjoiningthegeniusclub?

A.They'reunfair.B.They'reconservative.

C.They'reobjective.D.They'restrict.

33.WhatcanweinferaboutgirlsfromthestudyinScience?

A.Theythinkthemselvessmart.

B.Theylookuptogreatthinkers.

C.Theyseegenderdifferencesearlierthanboys.

D.Theyarelikelytobeinfluencedbysocialbeliefs

34.Whyaremoregeniusesknowntothepublic?

A.Improvedglobalcommunication.

B.Lessdiscriminationagainstwomen.

C.Acceptanceofvictors'concepts.

D.Changesinpeople'ssocialpositions.

35.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.GeniusesThinkAlike

B.GeniusTakesManyForms

C.GeniusandIntelligence

D.GeniusandLuck

【2021天津卷】

Thereissomethingtobesaidforbeingageneralist,evenifyouareaspecialist.Knowingalittleaboutalotof

thingsthatinterestyoucanaddtotherichnessofawhole,well-livedlife.

Societypushesustospecialize,tobecomeexperts.Thisrequirescommitmenttoaparticularoccupation,

branchofstudyorresearch.Thedrawbacktobeingspecialistsisweoftencometoknowmoreandmoreaboutless

andless.Thereisagreatdealofpressuretomasterone'sfield.Youmaypursuetraining,degrees,orincreasing

levelsofresponsibilityatwork.Thenyoudiscoverthepressureofhavingtokeepup.

Somepeopleseemwillingtoworkaroundtheclockintheirnarrowspecialty.Butsuchcommitmentcanalso

weakenasenseoffreedom.Thesespecialistscouldworkattheofficeuntilteneachnight,thenlookbackand

realizetheywouldhavelovedtohavegonehomeandenjoyedthesweetnessoftheirfamilyandfriends,ortraveled

toexcitingplaces,meetinginterestingpeople.Masteringonethingtotheexclusion（排除）ofotherscanhold

backyourtruespirit.

Generalists,ontheotherhand,knowalotaboutawiderangeofsubjectsandviewthewholewithallits

connections.Theyarepeopleofability,talent,andenthusiasmwhocanbringtheirbroadperspective（視角）into

specificfieldsofexpertise（專長）.Thedoctorwhoisalsoapoetandphilosopherisasuperiordoctor,onewhocan

givesomuchmoretohispatientsthanjustgoodmedicalskills.

Thingsareconnected.Letyourexpertiseinonefieldfuelyourpassionsinallrelatedareas.Someofyour

interestsmaynotappeartobeconnectedbut,onceyouexploretheirdepths,youdiscoverthattheyare.Myeditor

Toni,whoisalsoawriter,haseditedseveralhistorybooks.ShehasdecidedtostudyChinesehistory.Fascinatedby

thestructuralbeautyoftheForbiddenCityasapainter,sheisequallyinterestedtolearnmoreaboutChinese

philosophy."Idon'tknowwhereitwilllead,butI'mexcitedI'monthispursuit."

Theseexpansionsintonewworldshelpusbygivingusnewperspectives.Webegintoseethe

interconnectednessofonethingtoanotherinallaspectsofourlife,ofourselvesandtheuniverse.Developbroad,

generalknowledgeandexperience.Theuniverseisallyourstoexploreandenjoy.

51.Tobecomeaspecialist,onemayhaveto_____.

A.narrowhisrangeofknowledgeB.avoidresponsibilitiesatwork

C.knowmoreaboutthesocietyD.broadenhisperspectiveonlife

52.ThespecialistsmentionedinParagraph3tendto______.

A.treasuretheirfreedomB.travelaroundtheworld

C.spendmosttimeworkingD.enjoymeetingfunnypeople

53.Accordingtotheauthor,asuperiordoctorisonewho_____.

A.isfullyawareofhistalentandabilityB.isapurespecialistinmedicine

C.shouldlovepoetryandphilosophyD.bringsknowledgeofotherfieldstowork

54.WhatdoestheauthorintendtoshowwiththeexampleofToni?

A.Passionalonedoesnotensureaperson'ssuccess.

B.In-depthexplorationmakesdiscoveriespossible.

C.Everyonehasachancetosucceedintheirpursuit.

D.Seeminglyunrelatedinterestsareinawayconnected.

55.Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.BeMoreaGeneralistThanaSpecialist

B.SpecialistorGeneralist:HardtoDecide

C.TurnaGeneralistintoaSpecialist

D.WaystoBecomeaGeneralist

【2019天津卷】

WouldyouBETonthefutureofthisman?Heis53yearsold.Mostofhisadultlifehasbeenalosingstruggle

againstdebtandmisfortune.Awarinjuryhasmadehislefthandstopfunctioning,andhehasoftenbeeninprison.

Drivenbyheaven-knows-whatmotives,hedeterminestowriteabook.

Thebookturnsouttobeonethathasappealedtotheworldformorethan350years.Thatformerprisonerwas

Cervantes,andthebookwasDonQuixot（e《堂吉訶德》）.Andthestoryposesaninterestingquestion:whydosome

peoplediscovernewvitalityandcreativitytotheendoftheirdays,whileothersgotoseedlongbefore?

We’veallknownpeoplewhorunoutofsteambeforetheyreachlife’shalfwaymark.I’mnottalkingabout

thosewhofailtogettothetop.Wecan’tallgetthere.I’mtalkingaboutpeoplewhohavestoppedlearningon

growingbecausetheyhaveadoptedthefixedattitudesandopinionsthatalltoooftencomewithpassingyears.

Mostofus,infact,progressivelynarrowthevarietyofourlives.Wesucceedinourfieldofspecializationand

thenbecometrappedinit.Nothingsurprisesus.Weloseoursenseofwonder.But,ifwearewillingtolearn,the

opportunitiesareeverywhere.

Thethingswelearninmaturityseldominvolveinformationandskills.Welearntobearwiththethingswe

can’tchange.Welearntoavoidself-pity.Welearnthathowevermuchwetrytoplease,somepeoplearenever

goingtoloveus—anideathattroublesatfirstbutiseventuallyrelaxing.

Withhighmotivationandenthusiasm,wecankeeponlearning.Thenwewillknowhowimportantitisto

havemeaninginourlife.However,wecanachievemeaningonlyifwehavemadeacommitmenttosomething

largerthanourownlittleegos(自我),whethertolovedones,tofellowhumans,towork,ortosomemoralconcept.

Manyofusequate(視……等同于)“commitment”withsuch“caring”occupationsasteachingandnursing.

Butdoinganyordinaryjobaswellasonecanisinitselfanadmirablecommitment.Peoplewhoworktowardsuch

excellence—whethertheyaredrivingatruck,orrunningastore—maketheworldbetterjustbybeingthekindof

peopletheyare.They’velearnedlife’smostvaluablelesson.

51.ThepassagestartswiththestoryofCervantestoshowthat________.

A.lossoffreedomstimulatesone’screativity

B.ageisnotabarriertoachievingone’sgoal

C.miseryinspiresamantofightagainsthisfate

D.disabilitycannotstopaman’spursuitofsuccess

52.WhatdoestheunderlinedpartinParagraph3probablymean?

A.Endone’sstruggleforliberty.

B.Wasteone’senergytakingrisks.

C.Misstheopportunitytosucceed.

D.Losetheinteresttocontinuelearning.

53.WhatcouldbeinferredfromParagraph4？

A.Thosewhodaretotryoftengetthemselvestrapped.

B.Thosewhotendtothinkbackcanhardlygoahead.

C.Opportunityfavorsthosewithacuriousmind.

D.Opportunityawaitsthosewithacautiousmind.

54.WhatdoestheauthorintendtotellusinParagraph5？

A.Atoughmancantoleratesuffering.

B.Awisemancanlivewithoutself-pity.

C.Amanshouldtrytosatisfypeoplearoundhim.

D.Amanshouldlearnsuitablewaystodealwithlife.

55.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthepassage？

A.Toprovideguidanceonleadingameaningfuladultlife.

B.Tostresstheneedofshoulderingresponsibilitiesatwork.

C.Tostatetheimportanceofgeneratingmotivationforlearning.

D.Tosuggestawayofpursuingexcellenceinourlifelongcareer.

考點2人與社會類議論文

【2025全國一卷】

Whilesafetyimprovementsmighthavebeenmadetoourstreetsinrecentyears,transportstudiesalsoshow

declinesinpedestrian(行人)mobility,especiallyamongyoungchildren.Manyparentssaythere’stoomuchtraffic

ontheroadsfortheirchildrentowalksafelytoschool,sotheypackthemintothecarinstead.

DutchauthorsThaliaVerkadeandMarcoteBr?mmelstroetarebotheredbyfactslikethese.Intheirnewbook

Movement:HowtoTakeBackOurStreetsandTransformOurLives,theycallforarethinkofourstreetsandthe

roletheyplayinourlives.

Lifeoncitystreetsstartedtochangedecadesago.Wholeneighbourhoodsweredestroyedtomakewayfor

newroadnetworksandkidshadtoplayelsewhere.Somecommunitiesfoughtback.Mostfamously,aCanadian

journalistwhohadmovedherfamilytoManhattanintheearly1950sledacampaigntostopthedestructionofher

localpark.Describingheralarmatitsproposedreplacementwithanexpressway,JaneJacobscalledonhermayor

(市長)tochampion“NewYorkasadecentplacetolive,andnotjustrushthrough.”Similarcampaignsoccurredin

Australiainthelate1960sand1970saswell.

Althoughthesecampaignswerewidespread,therealityisthatthemajorityofthewesterncitieswere

completelyredesignedaroundtheneedsofthemotorcar.Thenumberofcarsonroadshasbeenincreasingrapidly.

InAustraliawenowhaveovertwentymillioncarsforjustovertwenty-sixmillionpeople,amongthehighestrate

ofcarownershipintheworld.

Weinvestalotinroadsthathelpusrushthrough,butwefailtoaccountforthetruecosts.Dowereally

recognisewhatitcostsusasasocietywhenchildrencan’tmovesafelyaroundourcommunities?Theauthorsof

Movementhaveitright:it’stimetothinkdifferentlyaboutthatstreetoutsideyourfrontdoor.

28.Whatphenomenondoestheauthorpointoutinparagraph1?

A.Carsoftengetstuckontheroad.B.Trafficaccidentsoccurfrequently.

C.Peoplewalklessanddrivemore.D.Pedestriansfailtofollowtherules.

29.WhatweretheCanadianjournalistandothercampaignerstryingtodo?

A.Keeptheircitieslivable.B.Promoteculturaldiversity.

C.Helptheneedyfamilies.D.Makeexpresswaysaccessible.

30.WhatcanbeinferredaboutthecampaignsinAustraliainthelate1960sand1970s?

A.Theyboostedthesalesofcars.B.Theyturnedoutlargelyineffective.

C.Theywongovernmentsupport.D.Theyadvocatedbuildingnewparks.

31.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.WhytheRush?B.What’sNext?

C.WheretoStay?D.WhotoBlame?

【2025浙江I月卷】

Asnewtechnologiestakeonincreasinglyhumanlikequalities,there’sbeenapushtomakethemgenderless.

“Peoplearestereotyping(形成刻板印象)theirgenderedobjectsinverytraditionalways,”saysAshleyMartin,a

Stanfordassociateprofessoroforganizationalbehavior.Removinggenderfromthepicturealtogetherseemslikea

simplewaytofixthis.YetasMartinhasfoundinherwork,genderisoneofthefundamentalwayspeopleform

connectionswithobjects,particularlythosedesignedwithhumancharacteristics.

Inherstudy,Martinaskedparticipantstoratetheirattachmenttomale,female,andgenderlessversionsofa

digitalvoiceassistantandaself-drivingcarknownas“Miuu.”Itwasfoundthatgenderincreasedusers’feelingsof

attachmenttothesedevicesandtheirinterestinpurchasingthem.Forexample,participantssaidtheywouldbeless

likelytobuyagenderlessvoiceassistantthanversionswithmaleorfemalevoices.

Whilegenderingaproductmaybegoodmarketing,itmayalsostrengthenoutdatedorharmfulideasabout

powerandidentity.Thestereotypescommonlyassociatedwithmen,suchascompetitivenessanddominance,are

morevaluedthanthoseassociatedwithwomen.Thesequalities,inturn,aremappedontoproductsthathavebeen

assignedagender.

Martin’sstudyalsofoundthatcreatingagenderlessobjectwasdifficult.Forinstance,ifanobject’snamewas

meanttosoundgenderless,likeMiuu,participantswouldstillassignagendertoit–theywouldassumeMiuuwas

a“he”or“she.”

Martinseesasilverlining,however:Shebelievesthatanthropomorphism(擬人化)“providesanopportunity

tochangestereotypes.”Whenwomenareputintopositionsofleadershiplikerunningcompanies,itreduces

negativestereotypesaboutwomen.Similarly,anthropomorphizedproductscouldbecreatedtotakeon

stereotype-inconsistentroles–amalerobotthatassistswithnursingorafemalerobotthathelpsdocalculations,for

instance.

32.Whatisthepurposeofmakingnewtechnologiesgenderless?

A.Toreducestereotypes.B.Tomeetpublicdemand.

C.Tocutproductioncosts.D.Toencouragecompetition.

33.Whatweretheparticipantsprobablyaskedtodointhestudy?

A.Designaproduct.B.Respondtoasurvey.

C.Workasassistants.D.Takealanguagetest.

34.Whyisitdifficulttocreategenderlessobjects?

A.Theycannotbemass-produced.B.Namingthemisachallengingtask.

C.Peopleassumetheyareunreliable.D.Genderisrootedinpeople’smind.

35.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?

A.Thequalityofgenderlessproducts.B.Theupsideofgenderingaproduct.

C.Themeaningofanthropomorphism.D.Thestereotypesofmenandwomen.

【2024新課標I卷】

Iscomprehensionthesamewhetherapersonreadsatextonscreenoronpaper?Andarelisteningtoand

viewingcontentaseffectiveasreadingthewrittenwordwhencoveringthesamematerial?Theanswerstoboth

questionsareoften“no.”Thereasonsrelatetoavarietyoffactors,includingreducedconcentration,an

entertainmentmindset(心態(tài))andatendencytomultitaskwhileconsumingdigitalcontent.

Whenreadingtextsofseveralhundredwordsormore,learningisgenerallymoresuccessfulwhenit’son

paperthanonscreen.Alargeamountofresearchconfirmsthisfinding.Thebenefitsofprintreadingparticularly

shinethroughwhenexperimentersmovefromposingsimpletasks–likeidentifyingthemainideainareading

passage–toonesthatrequirementalabstraction–suchasdrawinginferencesfromatext.

Thedifferencesbetweenprintanddigitalreadingresultsarepartlyrelatedtopaper’sphysicalproperties.With

paper,thereisaliterallayingonofhands,alongwiththevisualgeographyofdistinctpages.Peopleoftenlinktheir

memoryofwhatthey’vereadtohowfarintothebookitwasorwhereitwasonthepage.

Butequallyimportantisthementalaspect.Readingresearchershaveproposedatheorycalled“shallowing

hypothesis(假說).”Accordingtothistheory,peopleapproachdigitaltextswithamindsetsuitedtosocialmedia,

whichareoftennotsoserious,anddevotelessmentaleffortthanwhentheyarereadingprint.

Audio(音頻)andvideocanfeelmoreengagingthantext,andsouniversityteachersincreasinglyturntothese

technologies–say,assigninganonlinetalkinsteadofanarticlebythesameperson.However,psychologistshave

demonstratedthatwhenadultsreadnewsstories,theyremembermoreofthecontentthaniftheylistentoorview

identicalpieces.

Digitaltexts,audioandvideoallhaveeducationalroles,especiallywhenprovidingresourcesnotavailablein

print.However,formaximizinglearningwherementalfocusandreflectionarecalledfor,educatorsshouldn’t

assumeallmediaarethesame,evenwhentheycontainidenticalwords.

28.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“shinethrough”inparagraph2mean?

A.Seemunlikelytolast.B.Seemhardtoexplain.

C.Becomereadytouse.D.Becomeeasytonotice.

29.Whatdoestheshallowinghypothesisassume?

A.Readerstreatdigitaltextslightly.

B.Digitaltextsaresimplertounderstand.

C.Peopleselectdigitaltextsrandomly.

D.Digitaltextsaresuitableforsocialmedia.

30.Whyareaudioandvideoincreasinglyusedbyuniversityteachers?

A.Theycanholdstudents’attention.

B.Theyaremoreconvenienttoprepare.

C.Theyhelpdevelopadvancedskills.

D.Theyaremoreinformativethantext.

31.Whatdoestheauthorimplyinthelastparagraph?

A.Studentsshouldapplymultiplelearningtechniques.

B.Teachersshouldproducetheirownteachingmaterial.

C.Printtextscannotbeentirelyreplacedineducation.

D.Educationoutsidetheclassroomcannotbeignored.

【2024全國甲卷】

“Ididn’tliketheending,”Isaidtomyfavoritecollegeprofessor.Itwasmyjunioryearofundergraduate,and

IwasdoinganindependentstudyonVictorianliterature.IhadjustfinishedreadingTheMillontheFlossby

GeorgeEliot,andIwasheartbrokenwiththeending.Prof.Gracie,withallhispatience,askedmetothinkaboutit

beyondwhetherIlikeditornot.HesuggestedIthinkaboutthedifferencebetweenendingsthatIwantedforthe

charactersandendingsthatwererightforthecharacters,endingsthatsatisfiedthestoryeveniftheydidn’thavea

traditionallypositiveoutcome.Ofcourse,IwouldhavepreferredadifferentendingforTomandMaggieTulliver,

buttheendingtheygotdidmakethemostsenseforthem.

Thiswasanahamomentforme,andIneverthoughtaboutendingsthesamewayagain.Fromthenon,ifI

wantedtoreadanendingguaranteedtobehappy,I’dpickupaloveromance.IfIwantedanendingIcouldn’t

guess,I’dpickupamystery(懸疑小說).OnewhereIkindofknewwhatwasgoingtohappen,historicalfiction.

Choosingwhattoreadbecameeasier.

Butwritingtheend—that’shard.It’shardforwritersbecauseendingscarrysomuchweightwithreaders.You

havetobalancecreatinganendingthat'sunpredictable,butdoesn’tseemtocomefromnowhere,onethatfits

what’srightforthecharacters.

That’swhythisissue(期)ofWriter’sDigestaimstohelpyoufigureouthowtowritethebestendingfor

whateverkindofwritingyou’redoing.Ifit’sshortstories,PeterMountfordbreaksdownsixtechniquesyoucantry

toseewhichonehelpsyoustickthelanding.ElizabethSimsanalyzesthefinalchaptersoffivegreatnovelstosee

whatkeypointstheyincludeandhowyoucanadaptthemforyourwork.

Thisissuewon’ttellyouwhatyourendingshouldbe—that’suptoyouandthestoryyou’retelling—buit

mightprovidewhatyouneedtogetthere.

32.WhydidtheauthorgotoProf.Gracie?

A.Todiscussanovel.B.Tosubmitabookreport.

C.Toargueforawriter.D.Toaskforareadinglist.

33.WhatdidtheauthorrealizeafterseeingGracie?

A.Writingisamatterofpersonalpreferences.

B.Readersareoftencarriedawaybycharacter.

C.Eachtypeofliteraturehasitsuniqueend.

D.Astorywhichbeginswellwillendwell.

34.Whatisexpectedofagoodending?

AItsatisfiesreaders’taste.B.Itfitswiththestorydevelopment.

C.Itisusuallypositive.D.Itisopenforimagination.

35.WhydoestheauthormentionPeterMountfordandElizabethSims?

A.Togiveexamplesofgreatnovelists.B.Tostressthethemeofthisissue.

C.Toencouragewritingforthemagazine.D.Torecommendtheirnewbooks.

【2023全國乙卷】

Ifyouwanttotellthehistoryofthewholeworld,ahistorythatdoesnotprivilegeonepartofhumanity,you

cannotdoitthroughtextsalone,becauseonlysomeoftheworldhaseverhadtexts,whilemostoftheworld,for

mostofthetime,hasnot.Writingisoneofhumanity’slaterachievements,anduntilfairlyrecentlyevenmany

literate(有文字的)societiesrecordedtheirconcernsnotonlyinwritingbutinthing