高三英語(yǔ)閱讀理解模擬試題及解析一、高中英語(yǔ)閱讀理解1．閱讀理解

Scienceisfinallybeginningtoembraceanimalswhowere,foralongtime,consideredsecond-classcitizens.

AsAnniePottsofCanterburyUniversityhasnoted,chickensdistinguishamongonehundredchickenfacesandrecognizefamiliarindividualsevenaftermonthsofseparation.Whengivenproblemstosolve,theyreason:henstrainedtopickcoloredbuttonssometimeschoosetogiveupanimmediatefoodrewardforaslightlylater(andbetter)one.Healthyhensmayaidfriends,andmournwhenthosefrienddie.

Pigsrespondmeaningfultohumansymbols.WhenaresearchteamledbyCandaceCroneyatPennStateUniversitycarriedwoodenblocksmarkedwithXandOsymbolsaroundpigs,onlytheOcarriersofferedfoodtotheanimals.ThepigssoonignoredtheXcarriersinfavoroftheO's.Thentheteamswitchedfromreal-lifeobjectstoT-shirtsprintedwithXorOsymbols.Still,thepigswalkedonlytowardtheO-shirtedpeople:theyhadtransferredtheirknowledgetoatwo-dimensionalformat,anotinconsiderablefeatofreasoning.

I'vebeenguiltyofprejudicedexpectations,myself.Atthestartofmycareeralmostfourdecadesago,Iwasfirmlyconvincedthatmonkeysandapesout-thinkandout-feelotheranimals.They'reotherprimates(靈長(zhǎng)目動(dòng)物),afterall,animalsfromourownmammalian(靈長(zhǎng)目動(dòng)物)class.Fairlysoon,Icametoseethatalongwithourclosestlivingrelatives,whalestooaremastersofculturallearning,andelephantsexpressprofoundjoyandmourningwiththeirsocialcompanions.Long-termstudiesinthewildonthesemammalshelpedtofuelaviewpointshiftinoursociety:thepublicnolongersoeasilyacceptsmonkeysmadetoundergopainfulprocedureinlaboratories,elephantsforcedtoperformincircuses,anddolphinskeptinsmalltanksatthemeparks.

Overtime,though,asIbegantobroadenoutevenfurtherandexploretheinnerlivesoffish,chickens,pigs,goats,andcows,1startedtowonder:Willthenewscienceof"foodanimals"bringanethical(倫理的)revolutionintermsofwhoweeat?Inotherwords,willourethicsstarttocatchupwiththedevelopmentofourscience?

Animalactivistsarealreadythere,ofcourse,committedtonoteatingtheseanimals.Butwhatabouttherestofus?Canpayingattentiontothethinkingandfeelingoftheseanimalsleadustomakechangesinwhoweeat?（1）AccordingtoAnniePotts,henshavetheabilityof

.A.

interaction

B.

analysis

C.

creation

D.

abstraction（2）Theresearchintopigsshowsthatpigs

.A.

learnlettersquickly

B.

haveagoodeyesightC.

canbuildupagoodrelationship

D.

canapplyknowledgetonewsituations（3）Paragraph4ismainlyabout

.A.

thesimilaritiesbetweenmammalsandhumans

B.

thenecessityoflong-termstudiesonmammalsC.

achangeinpeople'sattitudestowardsanimals

D.

adiscoveryofhowanimalsexpressthemselves（4）Whatmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.

TheInnerLivesofFoodAnimals

B.

TheLifestylesofFoodAnimalsC.

ScienceReportsonFoodAnimals

D.

ARevolutioninFoodAnimals【答案】（1）B（2）D（3）C（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇議論文，論述了動(dòng)物也有情感有思想，有一定的分析推理能力。人類不應(yīng)只將它們當(dāng)作食物。(1)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的“Whengivenproblemstosolve,theyreason:henstrainedtopickcoloredbuttonschoosesometimestogiveupanimmediatefoodrewardforaslightlylater(andbetter)one”可知，當(dāng)解決問(wèn)題時(shí)，母雞們會(huì)推理：例如，受過(guò)挑選彩色紐扣的訓(xùn)練的母雞們有時(shí)會(huì)選擇放棄即時(shí)的食物獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，換取稍晚一些(而且更好)的食物獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。由此可知，母雞們具備分析能力。故選B。(2)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的“Pigsrespondmeaningfultohumansymbols.WhenaresearchteamledbyCandaceCroneyatPennStateUniversitycarriedwoodenblocksmarkedwithXandOsymbolsaroundpigs,onlytheOcarriersofferedfoodtotheanimals.ThepigssoonignoredtheXcarriersinfavoroftheO's.Thentheteamswitchedfromreal-lifeobjectstoT-shirtsprintedwithXorOsymbols.Still,thepigswalkedonlytowardtheO-shirtedpeople:theyhadtransferredtheirknowledgetoatwo-dimensionalformat,anotinconsiderablefeatofreasoning.”可知，一些研究者拿著帶X標(biāo)記的木板，一些研究者拿著帶O標(biāo)記的木板，只有拿帶O標(biāo)記木板的研究者給豬提供食物，豬很快就只理會(huì)這些研究者了。當(dāng)木板換成帶X和O標(biāo)記的襯衫時(shí)，豬仍然只走向那些穿帶O標(biāo)記襯衫的研究者。這表明豬將把知識(shí)轉(zhuǎn)移到了二維的形式，這是一種相當(dāng)大的推理壯舉。故選D。(3)考查段落大意。根據(jù)第四段中的“Atthestartofmycareeralmostfourdecadesago,Iwasfirmlyconvincedthatmonkeysandapesout-thinkandout-feelotheranimals...Fairlysoon,Icametoseethatalongwithourclosestlivingrelatives,whalestooaremastersofculturallearning,andelephantsexpressprofoundjoyandmourningwiththeirsocialcompanions.Long-termstudies…h(huán)elpedtofuelaviewpointshiftinoursociety:thepublicnolongersoeasilyacceptsmonkeysmadetoundergopainfulprocedurekinlaboratories,elephantsforcedtoperformincircuses,anddolphinskeptinsmalltanksatthemeparks.”可知，數(shù)十年前，作者堅(jiān)信猴子和猩猩在思考能力和情感上都勝過(guò)其他的動(dòng)物。很快，作者就意識(shí)到除了猴子和猩猩，鯨魚也是文化學(xué)習(xí)的主人，大象也表現(xiàn)出高興等情感。長(zhǎng)期的研究也促進(jìn)著我們社會(huì)觀點(diǎn)的轉(zhuǎn)變：我們不再認(rèn)為猴子只能是實(shí)驗(yàn)室里的實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)象，大象只能在馬戲團(tuán)里進(jìn)行表演，海豚只能被養(yǎng)在主題公園狹小的池子里。很明顯，本段介紹的是人們對(duì)動(dòng)物看法的轉(zhuǎn)變。故選C。(4)考查主旨大意。第一段提出：科學(xué)開始擁抱原來(lái)被我們認(rèn)為是二等公民的動(dòng)物們（即：我們對(duì)某些動(dòng)物的看法正在發(fā)生變化）。第二和第三段以母雞和豬為例告訴讀者：通過(guò)科學(xué)研究，母雞和豬也具備情感，也具備分析推理能力。第四段介紹了人們對(duì)動(dòng)物看法的轉(zhuǎn)變。第五和第六段呼吁讀者：動(dòng)物有自己的情感和思想，我們不要只將動(dòng)物當(dāng)成我們的食物。結(jié)合每段大意可知，該文主要是圍繞動(dòng)物也有情感有思想來(lái)展開的。故選A?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及推理判斷。段落大意和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇科普類閱讀，要求考生根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。2．閱讀理解

Dogslovetogetoutandstretchtheirlegs,whichnotonlyhelpstokeeptheminshape,butenablesthemtokeeptheextrapoundsoff.Pethikinghasbeenpopularrecently,gettingdogsoffthesidewalk.

Threeyearsago,DenverresidentBrittanyReddingwasstressedout,working60hoursaweekwhilestudyingingraduateschoolfull-time.Theonlythingthathelpedwastakingherfourdogshiking."That'swhenithitmethatIshoulddothatasajob."shesays.AftergraduatinginJune2016,shefoundedTakeaHike.Hercompany,likeanumberofothersaroundthecountry,takesdogstoexplorebeyondtheneighborhood.

Beforetakingonthetracks,Brittanymeetswitheachdogandhisorherownertogetasenseofthepet'scharacter.Thensheschedulesameet-and-greetwithotherdogsthatwilljointhehiketobesuretomatchtheirpersonalities.Eachhikingisabouttwohourslongandincludestransportationtoandfromthetrackforaround$70perouting."Hikingallowsdogslomeetnewfriendsandexplorenewtracks,smells,andwildlife,"sheexplains.

MichaelMizenkothinkssendinghispet,Ajax,onweeklyhikeswithTakeaHikehasmadeAjaxahappierdog.Overthepasttwoyears,hikinghastaughtAjaxhowtostayoffpavement,bemoresocialandremaincalminthecar."Ithasmadehimaflexibleeasygoingguy."Michaelsays.（1）Whyhaspethikingbeenpopularinthesedays?A.Dogsstronglydesiretheirownerstogohiking.B.Animalhealthspecialistsrecommendpeopletodoit.C.Itisbeneficialforpets'shapeandhealth.D.Theowner'shouseisnotbigenoughfordogs.（2）Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlytalkingabout?A.WhyBrittanyfoundedTakeaHike.B.HowhardthestudylifeofBrittanywas.C.TakeaHikeisverypopularintheneighborhood.D.DoghikinghasbroughtgreatenjoymenttoBrittany.（3）WhatdoesBrittanywanttomakesurebeforetakinghercustomers'dogstogohiking?A.Thedistanceofthetrack.B.Thecharacterofeachdog.C.Theenvironmentofthetrack.D.Theemotionsofbothdogsandtheirowners.（4）HowoftendoesMichaelMizenkosendhispettohikewithTakeaHike?A.Everyday.B.Onceaweek.C.Twiceaweek.D.Everyotherweek.【答案】（1）C（2）A（3）B（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道，寵物徒步旅行變得很流行，這對(duì)寵物的身形和健康有好處。丹佛居民BrittanyRedding創(chuàng)立了TakeaHike公司，專門負(fù)責(zé)帶著寵物狗去徒步旅行。（1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“Dogslovetogetoutandstretchtheirlegs,whichnotonlyhelpstokeeptheminshape,butenablesthemtokeeptheextrapoundsoff.Pethikinghasbeenpopularrecently,gettingdogsoffthesidewalk.”狗喜歡到外面伸展腿部，這不僅有助于保持體形，還可以減少多余的體重。因此帶寵物徒步旅行變得很流行的原因在于它對(duì)寵物的身形和健康有好處。故選C。（2）考查段落大意。根據(jù)第二段“Threeyearsago,DenverresidentBrittanyReddingwasstressedout,working60hoursaweekwhilestudyingingraduateschoolfull-time.Theonlythingthathelpedwastakingherfourdogshiking.‘That'swhenithitmethatIshoulddothatasajob.’sheways.AftergraduatinginJune2016,shefoundedTakeaHike.Hercompany,likeanumberofothersaroundthecountry,takesdogstoexplorebeyondtheneighborhood.”可知，三年前丹佛居民BrittanyRedding在全日制研究生院學(xué)習(xí)的同時(shí)每周還要工作60個(gè)小時(shí)，這使她感到壓力重重。只有一件事能夠讓她感到放松：帶她的四只狗徒步旅行。就在那時(shí)她想到她應(yīng)該把帶狗徒步旅行當(dāng)作自己的工作。于是2016年6月畢業(yè)后，她創(chuàng)立了TakeaHike公司。因此第二段主要談?wù)摰氖荁rittanyRedding創(chuàng)立TakeaHike公司的原因。故選A。（3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“Beforetakingonthetracks,Brittanymeetswitheachdogandhisorherownertogetasenseofthepet'scharacter.”可知，在開始徒步旅行之前，Brittany與每只狗及其主人見面以了解寵物的性格。即Brittany要在帶上顧客的狗去遠(yuǎn)足之前了解每只狗的性格。故選B。（4）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段中的“MichaelMizenkothinkssendinghispet,Ajax,onweeklyhikeswithTakeaHikehasmadeAjaxahappierdog.”可知，MichaelMizenko認(rèn)為，每周一次的徒步旅行使他的寵物Ajax變得更快樂。因此MichaelMizenko每周將寵物送到TakeaHike公司參加一次徒步旅行。故選B?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和段落大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇新聞報(bào)道，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。3．閱讀理解

TheUnitedStatesishometo562recognizedAmericanIndianNationseachwithitsownlanguage.

Yetthenumberofnative.Americanswiththeabilitytospeaktheirtribe'slanguagehasdecreasedoverthepastcentury.

Now,IndianNationsaretryingdifferentwaystoexpandthenumberofnativespeakers,andincreaseinterestintheircommunitiestolearntriballanguages.

Sincethelate1800smanyAmericanIndianchildrenhaveattendedboardingschools.Atthattime,Indianchildrenwererequiredtoattendschoolsbylaw,andthegovernmentforcedIndianfamiliestosendtheirchildrentosuchschools.

Thechildrenwereseparatedfromtheirfamilies.andgivenEnglishnameTheteachersoftentaughtnativeAmericanstudentsinEnglish,insteadofthelanguageoftheirparents.TheyweretoldtheyneededtolearnEnglishinordertogetajob,earnmoneyandbuyahouseornicethings.

However,fearingalossofhistoryandculture,theIndianNationsareexperimentingwithnewwaystoincreasethelanguageabilityoftribalmembers.

AtleastoneorganizationisturningtomoderntechnologyTheSealaskaHeritageInstitute,anonprofitgroup,hasdevelopedtwoappsforspeakersoftheTlingitlanguage.

The"LearningTlingit"appservesasareferenceforimportantlanguagetopicssuchasconversationphrases,number,andletters.

TheTlingittribehasabout10,000members.TheylivemainlyinsoutheasternAlaska.Butasof2013,thetribehadonly125nativespeakersleft.inaddition,veryfewyoungpeopleareabletospeakTlingit.

Currentlytherearetwoapps,called"LearningTlingit"and"TlingitLanguageGames".The"LearningTlingit"appservesasalanguageguide.ItprovidesTlingitwordsandexpressions,thetribalalphabet,aswellasabasiclistofthewordsincluded.Withthe"TlingitLanguageGames"app,usersaregivenachoiceofdifferentplacesofenvironments,likeahouse,forestorocean.（1）WhatistheproblemthenativeAmericansarefacingnow?A.ThenumberofnativeAmericanshasbeenincreasing.B.FewerandfewernativeAmericansspeaktheirownlanguage.C.Theirnativelanguagehasbeenextinct.D.It'shardtoincreasetheinterestofhearingnativelanguages.（2）WhatwillbetheresultifmoreandmorenativeAmericansonlyspeakEnglish?A.Theywillgetbetterjobsandhigherpay.B.TheywillteachtheirownchildrentospeakEnglish.C.Theywilllosetheirhistoryandculture.D.Theywillgetalongwellwiththegovernment.（3）WhatcanweknowaboutTlingit?A.Itcanhelpthenativepeopleknowsomelanguagetopics.B.Itcanhelpthe:nativepeopleearnmoneyandbuya.houseornicethingsC.ItisaverypopularappamongthenativespeakersD.Itisanativelanguagespokenbyfewerthan200people.（4）Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.AmericanIndiantribes'effortstoincreasenativespeakers.B.ReasonsforthedisappearanceofsomeAmericanIndianlanguages.C.Waystohelpthenativetribesleadatraditionallife.D.Thepopularityofthelanguagelearningapps.【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）D（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，美國(guó)的印第安人正在使用新的方法來(lái)增加本族語(yǔ)言的使用，否則，他們的本族語(yǔ)言將面臨嚴(yán)重的危機(jī)。（1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“Yetthenumberofnative.Americanswiththeabilitytospeaktheirtribe'slanguagehasdecreasedoverthepastcentury.”但是能說(shuō)他們本族語(yǔ)言的本地美國(guó)人的數(shù)量在過(guò)去的一個(gè)世紀(jì)中已將減少?？芍?，會(huì)說(shuō)本族語(yǔ)的美國(guó)土著的人數(shù)在過(guò)去的一個(gè)多世紀(jì)中已經(jīng)減少了，故選B。（2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第六段中的“However,fearingalossofhistoryandculture,theIndianNationsareexperimentingwithnewwaystoincreasethelanguageabilityoftribalmembers.”然而，害怕失去自己的

歷史和文化，許多印第安部落嘗試新的方法來(lái)提升族人的本族語(yǔ)使用能力?？芍绻絹?lái)越多的族人只說(shuō)英語(yǔ)，他們將會(huì)失去自己的歷史和文化。故選C。（3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第九段中的“TheTlingittribehasabout10,000members.TheylivemainlyinsoutheasternAlaska.Butasof2013,thetribehadonly125nativespeakersleft.”特林吉特部落有大約一萬(wàn)人。他們主要居住在阿拉斯加?xùn)|南部。但是就2013年的統(tǒng)計(jì)，這個(gè)部落只有125人可以說(shuō)自己民族的語(yǔ)言，可知，現(xiàn)在僅僅有不到兩百人可以說(shuō)這種語(yǔ)言了，故選D。（4）考查主旨大意。本文前六段描述了美國(guó)印第安人在民族語(yǔ)言方面面臨的處境以及這一處境引起的擔(dān)憂，最后四段提出了針對(duì)這一問(wèn)題的解決方案：美國(guó)的印第安人正在使用新的方法（app）來(lái)增加本族語(yǔ)使用人數(shù)。選項(xiàng)A中efforts能凸顯人們這一問(wèn)題的擔(dān)心及在努力尋求解決方案方面所做的努力。故選A?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和主旨大意兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，同時(shí)根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。4．閱讀理解

There'sasongbythegreatJamaicansingerBobMarleycalledSoMuchTroubleInTheWorld.Marleyunderstoodthatpartofthereasonwhytherearesomanyproblemsintheworldisthelackoftolerancebetweenpeople.TheUNunderstandsthistoo–––that'swhyitmadeNov16th“InternationalDayforTolerance”.

Butfirstofall,whatistolerance?AccordingtoFrenchphilosopherVoltaire,toleranceistheconsequenceofhumanity.Weareallformedoffrailty(脆弱)anderror;letuspardoneachother'sfool–––thatisthefirstlawofnature.”

Veryoften,peopledon'trealizethatthey'reintolerant.Thisisbecauseintolerancehasalottodowithignorance.Forexample,theUN'scampaignisinpartaboutthetreatmentoffemalesbymales.Butoften,thebehaviorofmentowardwomenisintolerantbecausemendon'tputthemselvesintheshoesofwomen.

It'sworththinkingalittleaboutthewords“tolerance”and“intolerance”.Aretheythebestwordstodescribetheevilsofwhichwe'respeakinghere?Toagreetobe“tolerant”ofsomeoneisn'tnecessarilyaveryrespectfulthing.Whensomeoneistolerated,itimpliesthatthere'ssomethingwrongwiththem.

Still,whatVoltairesaidstands:Wehumansarenotperfectandthisweaknessissomethingthatweallshare.That'sthereasonweshouldbetolerant.It'salittlelikegenerosity.Wecangivethingstoanotherperson,andwecanalsogiveourforgiveness.（1）What'sthepurposeoftheUN“InternationalDayForTolerance”?A.

Toarousepeople'sawarenessoftoleranceamongpeople.

B.

TocelebratethefoundingoftheUN.C.

Tosolvetheproblemofglobalwarming.

D.

Tochangepeopledopiniontowardsglobalization.（2）Whydomenbehaveintolerantlytowardswomen?A.

Becausemendon'trealizethepurposeoftheUN.

B.

Becausemenarephysicallystrongerthanwomen.C.

Becausemendon'tappreciatetheshoesofwomen.

D.

Becausemenarenotwillingtounderstandwomen.（3）Whyisitmeaninglesstousethewords“tolerance”and“intolerance”?A.

BecausetheyarehardtopronounceinEnglish.

B.

Becausetheydon'texpresstheexactmeaningpeoplereferto.C.

Becausetheycan'tbetranslatedintootherlanguages.

D.

Becausetheycan'tbeusedinarespectfulway.（4）Inwhatsenseis“tolerance”similarto“generosity”?A.

Humansareadvisedtotreatothersbetter.

B.

Humansleanttofindfaultsinothers.C.

Humansneedtogivesomethingtoothers.

D.

Humanswillchangetheirattitudestoothers.【答案】（1）A（2）D（3）B（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇議論文。人們天性是脆弱的不完美的，容易犯錯(cuò)誤的，因此包容是人性的體現(xiàn)。文章通過(guò)分析解釋人們要寬容待人。（1）考查推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段二、三兩句“Marleyunderstoodthatpartofthereasonwhytherearesomanyproblemsintheworldisthelackoftolerancebetweenpeople.TheUNunderstandsthistoothat'swhyitmadeNov16th'InternationalDayforTolerance'.”可推斷，世界上的人們?nèi)狈Π?，因此?lián)合國(guó)把11月16日設(shè)置為“國(guó)際寬容日”是為了喚起人們的包容意識(shí)。故答案選A。（2）考查推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段尾句“Butoften,thebehaviorofmentowardwomenisintolerantbecausemendon'tputthemselvesintheshoesofwomen.”可知，男性對(duì)女性不包容是因?yàn)樗麄儾辉敢庠O(shè)身處地的為女性著想，不愿意理解她們。故答案選D。（3）考查推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段后三句“Aretheythebestwordstodescribetheevilsofwhichwe'respeakinghere?Toagreetobe'tolerant'ofsomeoneisn'tnecessarilyaveryrespectfulthing.Whensomeoneistolerated,itimpliesthatthere'ssomethingwrongwiththem.”可知，對(duì)某人寬容并不一定是一件值得尊重的事情，某人如果被包容，就暗示著某人有問(wèn)題，因此推斷使用“寬容”或者“不寬容”是沒有意義的，因?yàn)樗鼈儾荒軠?zhǔn)確表達(dá)人們所指的意思。故答案選B。（4）推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后兩句“It'salittlelikegenerosity.Wecangivethingstoanotherperson,andwecanalsogiveourforgiveness.”可推斷，在我們給與別人諒解時(shí)，寬容有點(diǎn)像慷慨。故答案選C?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題型考查了對(duì)文章段落或某一板塊的理解概括能力。先閱讀問(wèn)題，然后帶著問(wèn)題，再讀全文，找出答題所需要的依據(jù)，完成閱讀。在詞義與句義理解的基礎(chǔ)上，結(jié)合上下文總結(jié)歸納某一段或幾段的大意，對(duì)于把握文章主旨，分析全文結(jié)構(gòu)都是至關(guān)重要的。5．閱讀理解

HomefromtheNavy,IstartedschoolatGreenvilleCollegeinmyhometownofIllinois.I'dbeenoutofhighschoolforfouryears,butmyhighschoolheadmaster,Mr.Gardner,invitedmetoaValentine'sDaydancepartyatschool.Thethoughtofseeingmyformerteacherswasexciting.SoIagreed.

WhenFridaycame,Icleanedup,dressedupanddrovetothehighschoolgym.IchattedwithmyteachersandapproachedMr.Gardnertothankhimbeforeleaving.Justthen,thebandstartedplayingandayounggirlstooduptosing.OnelookatandIwascrazy—Ihadneverseensuchabeautifulgirl!

IaskedMr.Gardnerwhoshewas,andheanswered,“That'sMarilynRiley,CutRiley'sdaughter.”Iwasshockedtosaytheleast.Theylivedjustaroundthecornerfromme.Iwalkedacrossthegymfloortointroducemyself,“Hi,I'mJackJoseph.”

“Iknowwhoyouare,”washernot-too-friendlyresponse.

“Wouldyouliketodance?”Iasked.“No!I'mworking,”sheshotback.

“CanIcallyounextweekforamoviedate?”Iasked.“No,”washerresponse.

ForthenextmonthIphoned,tryingtosetupadate.Shealwayshadthesameanswer:No.thenonerainyafternooninMarchasIwasdrivinghomeafterbasketballpractice,IsawMarilyn,walkingwithnoumbrella,noraincoat,nohat.Ipulledalongsideherandaskedifsheneededaride,halfexpectinghertosayno.instead,shesteppedovertheroadsideandsatdownontheseatnexttome.Itwasonlyafewblockstoherhouse,butafterpullingintoherdrivewaywetalkedfor45minutes.Itwasmagicfromthenon.（1）WhydidJackdecidetoattendtheparty?A.

Thepartywasholdtowelcomehimbackhome.

B.

Marilynwouldbeintroducedtohimattheparty.C.

Hecouldmeetsomeofhisformerteachersthere.

D.

TheygatheredtheretocelebrateValentine'sDay.（2）Whatwastheauthor'sattitudetowardstheparty?A.

Casual

B.

Formal

C.

Passive

D.

worried（3）Wecaninferfromthetextthat__________.A.

Jackonceservedinthearmyafterhighschool

B.

ittookJack45minutestodriveMarilynhomeC.

JackandMarilynwerefamiliarwitheachother

D.

itwasMarilyn'scoldattitudethatinterestedJack（4）Howwouldthestorymostprobablydevelopintheend?A.

MarilynwouldfallinlovewithJack

B.

JackwouldmakegreatachievementsincollegeC.

Marilynwouldbecomeafamoussinger

D.

JackwouldhavefrequentconflictswithMarilyn【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）A（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，作者在海軍退役后參加情人聚會(huì)，在聚會(huì)上他見到了一個(gè)漂亮的女孩，于是開始追求那個(gè)女孩，但是被女孩拒絕了，有一天下大雨，作者送那個(gè)女孩回家，在路上他們聊了45分鐘，作者認(rèn)為那次送女孩回家是魔法的開始。（1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)“Thethoughtofseeingmyformerteacherswasexciting.SoIagreed.”想到能看到我以前的老師很令人興奮。所以我同意了。故選C。（2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)“WhenFridaycame,Icleanedup,dressedupanddrovetothehighschoolgym.”星期五來(lái)的時(shí)候，我打掃干凈，穿上衣服。因?yàn)樽髡咴诔霭l(fā)前認(rèn)真地整理儀表，說(shuō)明他把這一切當(dāng)?shù)煤苷J(rèn)真，故選B。（3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)“HomefromtheNavy,IstartedschoolatGreenvilleCollegeinmyhometownofIllinois.”我從海軍回到家鄉(xiāng)，在我的家鄉(xiāng)伊利諾伊州的格林維爾學(xué)院上學(xué)。推斷出我之前當(dāng)過(guò)海軍，故選A。（4）考查推理判斷。，根據(jù)“Itwasmagicfromthenon.”他認(rèn)為這是魔法的開始，兩個(gè)人可能墜入愛情河，故選A。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇故事類閱讀，考生準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，從而選出正確答案。6．閱讀理解

There'sasongbythegreatJamaicansingerBobMarleycalledSoMuchTroubleInTheWorld.Marleyunderstoodthatpartofthereasonwhytherearesomanyproblemsintheworldisthelackoftolerancebetweenpeople.TheUNunderstandsthistoothat'swhyitmadeNov16th"InternationalDayforTolerance".

Butfirstofall,whatistolerance?AccordingtoFrenchphilosopherVoltaire,tolerance"stheconsequenceofhumanity.Weareallformedoffrailty(脆弱)anderror;letuspardoneachother'sfoolthatisthefirstlawofnature."

Veryoften,peopledon'trealizethatthey'reintolerant.Thisisbecauseintolerancehasalottodowithignorance.Forexample,theUN'scampaignisinpartaboutthetreatmentoffemalesbymales.Butoften,thebehaviorofmentowardwomenisintolerantbecausemendon'tputthemselvesintheshoesofwomen.

It'sworththinkingalittleaboutthewords"tolerance"and"intolerance".Aretheythebestwordstodescribetheevilsofwhichwe'respeakinghere?Toagreetobe"tolerant"ofsomeoneisn'tnecessarilyaveryrespectfulthing.Whensomeoneistolerated,itimpliesthatthere'ssomethingwrongwiththem.

Still,whatVoltairesaidstands:Wehumansarenotperfectandthisweaknessissomethingthatweallshare.That'sthereasonweshouldbetolerant.It'salittlelikegenerosity.Wecangivethingstoanotherperson,andwecanalsogiveourforgiveness.（1）What'sthepurposeoftheUN"InternationalDayForTolerance"?A.

Toarousepeople'sawarenessoftoleranceamongpeople.

B.

TocelebratethefoundingoftheUN.C.

Tosolvetheproblemofglobalwarming.

D.

Tochangepeopledopiniontowardsglobalization.（2）Whydomenbehaveintolerantlytowardswomen?A.

Becausemendon'trealizethepurposeoftheUN.

B.

Becausemenarephysicallystrongerthanwomen.C.

Becausemendon'tappreciatetheshoesofwomen.

D.

Becausemenarenotwillingtounderstandwomen.（3）Whyisitmeaninglesstousethewords"tolerance"and"intolerance"?A.

BecausetheyarehardtopronounceinEnglish.

B.

Becausetheydon'texpresstheexactmeaningpeoplereferto.C.

Becausetheycan'tbetranslatedintootherlanguages.

D.

Becausetheycan'tbeusedinarespectfulway.（4）Inwhatsenseis"tolerance"similarto"generosity"?A.

Humansareadvisedtotreatothersbetter.

B.

Humansleanttofindfaultsinothers.C.

Humansneedtogivesomethingtoothers,

D.

Humanswillchangetheirattitudestoothers.【答案】（1）A（2）D（3）B（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了"國(guó)際寬容日"，聯(lián)合國(guó)"國(guó)際寬容日"的目的是喚起人們對(duì)寬容的意識(shí)。（1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“Marleyunderstoodthatpartofthereasonwhytherearesomanyproblemsintheworldisthelackoftolerancebetweenpeople.TheUNunderstandsthistoothat'swhyitmadeNov16th'InternationalDayforTolerance'.”可推斷，世界上的人們?nèi)狈Π荩虼寺?lián)合國(guó)把11月16日設(shè)置為“國(guó)際寬容日”是為了喚起人們的包容意識(shí)。故選A。（2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的“Butoften,thebehaviorofmentowardwomenisintolerantbecausemendon'tputthemselvesintheshoesofwomen.”可知，男性對(duì)女性不包容是因?yàn)樗麄儾辉敢庠O(shè)身處地的為女性著想，不愿意理解她們。故選D。（3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Aretheythebestwordstodescribetheevilsofwhichwe'respeakinghere?Toagreetobe'tolerant'ofsomeoneisn'tnecessarilyaveryrespectfulthing.Whensomeoneistolerated,itimpliesthatthere'ssomethingwrongwiththem.”可知，對(duì)某人寬容并不一定是一件值得尊重的事情，某人如果被包容，就暗示著某人有問(wèn)題，因此推斷使用“寬容”或者“不寬容”是沒有意義的，因?yàn)樗鼈儾荒軠?zhǔn)確表達(dá)人們所指的意思。故選B。（4）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“It'salittlelikegenerosity.Wecangivethingstoanotherperson,andwecanalsogiveourforgiveness.”可推斷，在我們給與別人諒解時(shí)，寬容有點(diǎn)像慷慨。故選C?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及推理判斷題型的考查，是一篇文化類閱讀，要求考生根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，從而選出正確答案。7．閱讀理解

83-year-oldAntonioVicentehasspentthelastfourdecadesofhislifefightingagainstthetrend.AsBrazilianlandownerscutdownrainforeststomakeroomforprofitableplantations(種植園)andcattlegrounds,hestruggledtobringthejunglesofhischildhoodbacktolife.

"WhenIwasachild,thepeasantscutdownthetreestomakegrasslandsandcharcoal,andthewaterdriedupanddidnotcomeback,"hetoldthereporters,"Ithought:'Waterisvaluable,noonemakeswaterandthepopulationwillnotstopgrowing.Whatisgoingtohappen?Wearegoingtorunoutofwater.'"

Withonlysomedonkeysandasmallteamofhiredworkers,AntonioVicentesetaboutbringingbacktheforesttohisland.Whatstartedoutasaweekendhobbysoonbecameapermanentwayoflife,andAntoniorecallsoftenspendingwholedaysandnightsinhisyoungjungle,surroundedbyratsandfoxes,andeatingbananasandwichesforbreakfast,lunchanddinner.Overthelast40years,hehasplantedanestimated50,000treesonhis31-hectareland,whichnowmakeupasmallbutuniqueareaofrainforest,andahavenforwildlife.

Astheforestgrew,thewaterreturned,andAntoniosaysthattherearenowover20water,sourcesonhislandthatwerenolongertherewhenheboughtit.Thentheanimalsstartedmakingahomethere.Today,theforestisalivewiththesoundsofbirdsandinsectslivingthere,andmorespeciesaresettlingineveryyear.

"Therearetoucans(巨嘴鳥),allkindsofbirds,squirrels,lizards,andeventheboarsarereturning,"83-year-oldVicentesays,"Ifyouaskmewhomyfamilyare,Iwouldsayallthisrighthere,eachoneofthesethatIplantedfromaseed."（1）WhatdowelearnabouttheBrazilianpeasants?A.

Theywastedmuchwateronfarming.

B.

Theyfocusedonshort-termprofits.C.

Theycaredmuchabouttheenvironment.

D.

Theyreliedheavilyonrainforestsforaliving.（2）WhatusedtobeyoungAntonio'sbiggestconcern?A.

Overpopulation.

B.

Pollutedwater.

C.

Lossofgrasslands.

D.

Watershortage.（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"haven"inParagraph3probablymean?A.

Trap

B.

Disaster

C.

Shelter

D.

Balance（4）Inthelastparagraph,Antoniomainlyexpresseshis

.A.

affectionforhisforest

B.

thanksforhisfamilyC.

deeploveforrarebirds

D.

prideasasuccessfulfarmer【答案】（1）B（2）D（3）C（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，83歲的安東尼奧?比森特在他生命的最后40年里一直在與這種趨勢(shì)作斗爭(zhēng)，他努力使童年的叢林恢復(fù)生機(jī)。（1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的“WhenIwasachild,thepeasantscutdownthetreestomakegrasslandsandcharcoal,andthewaterdriedupanddidnotcomeb