高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1山東省菏澤市牡丹區(qū)2024-2025學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期7月期末英語試卷第一部分聽力（略）第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AWalkingaroundlargecitiesinEuropeandtheUnitedStates,you’dbeforgivenforthinkingthatwe’relivinginaworldofaffordableandeffortlessmobilityforall,withthesmartphoneinyourpocket,withavarietyofsharedmobility—sharedbikesandelectriccars,andanUberorLyftnevermorethanfiveminutesaway.However,theaccesstosharedmobilityisn’tequal.Ifyou’redisabledorelderly,livinginalow-incomearea—orwithoutasmartphoneorcreditcard,usingthesesharedmobilityservicesbecomesalotmoredifficult.Theytendtogatherinurbanareas,andareofteninaccessibletopeoplewithreducedmobilityorthosetravelingwithyoungchildrenneedingchildseats.Tobemosteffective,itneedstoincludeeveryone.For-profitsharedmobilityprovidershavelargelyfailedtodeliveronthis.Butprojectsarefindingcreativesolutionstoreachunderservedcommunities.Thelocalgovernmentshaveprovidedfundsforlow-incomeresidents,whichhaveshownpromiseinincreasingtheuseofsharedmobilitywhiledecreasingtheuseofpersonalvehicles.NonprofitSharedMobilityInc.inNewYorklaunchedTheE-BikeLibrarymodelhelpingunderservedcommunitysetupe-bikelibraries.Carshares,bikesharesandthelikeareapositivefortheenvironment.Theycouldbeakeypartofamoresustainabletransportationsystem.On-demandsharedmobilitycouldreducethenumberofvehiclesinsomecitiesby90percentandcuttransportationemissionsby50percent—butonlyifitlargelyreplacesprivatecaruse.“Thecarhastobeaguest,notthemainactor,”saysLuisMartinez,whocoauthoredapaperonsharedmobilityandsustainabilityinthe2024AnnualReviewofEnvironmentandResources.1.Whatproblemdoessharedmobilityface?A.Safetyrisksforelectriccars. B.Unequalaccessforcertaingroups.C.Highcostsinmostcommunities. D.Lackofsmartphoneappsforoldpeople.2.Whathavelocalgovernmentsdonetohelpunderservedcommunities?A.Offeredfreerides. B.Setupe-bikelibraries.C.Providedfinancialsupport. D.Increasedsharedmobilityprices.3.WhatdoesLuisMartinezsuggestaboutsharedmobility?A.Itshouldbeaguest. B.Itneedsfurtherstudy.C.Itwillreplaceprivatecars. D.Itshouldbeencouraged.【答案】1.B2.C3.D【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要探討了共享出行在表面便利下存在的訪問不平等問題、解決措施以及共享出行在可持續(xù)發(fā)展中的作用?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“However,theaccesstosharedmobilityisn’tequal.Ifyou’redisabledorelderly,livinginalow-incomearea—orwithoutasmartphoneorcreditcard,usingthesesharedmobilityservicesbecomesalotmoredifficult.(然而，共享出行的機(jī)會并不平等。如果你是殘疾人或老年人，生活在低收入地區(qū)，或者沒有智能手機(jī)或信用卡，使用這些共享出行服務(wù)就會變得更加困難。)”可知，共享出行面臨某些群體的獲取機(jī)會不平等的問題。故選B。【2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Thelocalgovernmentshaveprovidedfundsforlow-incomeresidents,whichhaveshownpromiseinincreasingtheuseofsharedmobilitywhiledecreasingtheuseofpersonalvehicles.(地方政府為低收入居民提供了資金，這顯示出在增加共享出行使用的同時(shí)減少個(gè)人車輛使用的潛力。)”可知，地方政府為幫助服務(wù)不足的社區(qū)提供了財(cái)政支持。故選C?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“‘Thecarhastobeaguest,notthemainactor,’saysLuisMartinez,whocoauthoredapaperonsharedmobilityandsustainabilityinthe2024AnnualReviewofEnvironmentandResources.(‘汽車必須是一個(gè)客人，而不是主角，’LuisMartinez說，他與他人合著了一篇關(guān)于共享出行和可持續(xù)性的論文，發(fā)表在2024年《環(huán)境與資源年度評論》上。)”可知，LuisMartinez認(rèn)為汽車必須是一個(gè)客人，而不是主角，也就是說，他建議應(yīng)該鼓勵(lì)共享出行，減少私家車的使用。故選D。BInAntarctica,myteamreallywantedtocapturethemomentwhenemperorpenguin(企鵝)chicksjumpintotheoceanfortheirfirstswim.WehadbeeninAntarcticafortwomonthsbeforeitwastimeforthesechickstofledge.Fledgingiswhenbirdsgrowfeathersthat,helpthemflyor,inthecaseofpenguins,swim.MomandDadhaveheadedouttoseaforgood,andthefive-month-oldchicksarerealizingtheirparentsaren’tcomingback:Theymusthuntforthemselves.Sothesepenguin“teenagers”formlittlegroupsandstartwaddling(搖擺)towardtheseatogether.Theyoungpenguinslookmessyastheyshedthesoftfeathersthatkeepthemwarmandgrowouttheiradultswimmingfeathers.Eachhasauniqueboy-band-stylehaircut.Thepenguinsmustwalkabout15milesfromthehomeatopanenormousiceshelftoreachthewater’sedge.Wefollowthebirdsfromafaronsnowmobiles.Theycrowdtogetherattheendofthepathandstaredownlike,“what’sthat?”They’veneverseentheoceanbefore!Tomyamazement,Iseeseveralhundredchicksgatherattheedgeofa50-footicecliff!Theystandtogetherforfourhours,staringattheroughwaterbelow.Finallyonechickstepsinfrontoftheothers,waddlestotheedgeofthecliffanddivesofftheside.Iwatchinfear,afraidthebirdwon’tresurfaceinthewaterafterthelongfall.Butthenitmakesit,backup!Itswimsfartherouttosea,neverlookingback.Atfirsttheotherpenguinsarelike“Ohmygosh,whatdidStevejustdo?”Butthentheyrealizeit’ssafetojump.Theybegintopouroffthecliff,severallittlesoftballsatatime.Somejumpoffstylishly,andothersslipandfallbackward.Someevenflaptheirwingsasifthey’llfly.Thisdiveistheirentranceintoadulthood.They’llswimouttoseaandwon’treturntothehomeforseveralyears.Howluckywearetoseethishugemomentintheirlives.4.Whatdoesfledgingmeanforpenguins?A.They’llflylikeotherbirds. B.They’lllookfortheirparents.C.They’lllookcoolerthanever. D.They’llliveanindependentlife.5.Howdoestheauthorfeelabouttheyoungpenguinsatthecliff?A.Frightened. B.Concerned. C.Excited. D.Confused.6.Whodoes“Steve”inthelastparagraphreferto?A.Thefatherpenguin. B.Theauthor.C.Thefirstpenguintodive. D.Theauthor’steammate.7.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.DiveintoAdulthood. B.LegendsofPenguins.C.SceneryinAntarctica. D.AdventuresinAntarctica.【答案】4.D5.B6.C7.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者在南極洲觀察帝企鵝幼鳥第一次跳入海洋游泳的情景，展現(xiàn)了企鵝成長過程中的一個(gè)重要時(shí)刻?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Fledgingiswhenbirdsgrowfeathersthat,helpthemflyor,inthecaseofpenguins,swim.MomandDadhaveheadedouttoseaforgood,andthefive-month-oldchicksarerealizingtheirparentsaren’tcomingback:Theymusthuntforthemselves.(幼鳥長出飛羽是鳥類長出能夠幫助它們飛行的羽毛的階段，而對于企鵝來說，則是長出能夠幫助它們游泳的羽毛。爸爸媽媽已經(jīng)永遠(yuǎn)地出海了，五個(gè)月大的小企鵝意識到它們的父母不會回來了：它們必須自己捕獵。)”可知，對于企鵝來說，長出飛羽意味著它們必須自己捕獵，過上獨(dú)立的生活。故選D?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Tomyamazement,Iseeseveralhundredchicksgatherattheedgeofa50-footicecliff!Theystandtogetherforfourhours,staringattheroughwaterbelow.Finallyonechickstepsinfrontoftheothers,waddlestotheedgeofthecliffanddivesofftheside.

Iwatchinfear,afraidthebirdwon’tresurfaceinthewaterafterthelongfall.(令我驚訝的是，我看到幾百只小企鵝聚集在50英尺高的冰崖邊！他們一起站了四個(gè)小時(shí)，凝視著下面洶涌的海浪。最后，一只小企鵝走在其他企鵝的前面，搖搖擺擺地走到懸崖邊，從懸崖邊跳下去。我驚恐地看著，害怕這只鳥在漫長的墜落后不會再浮出水面。)”可知，作者對懸崖上的小企鵝感到擔(dān)心。故選B?！?題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)最后一段“Atfirsttheotherpenguinsarelike‘Ohmygosh,whatdidStevejustdo?’Butthentheyrealizeit’ssafetojump.Theybegintopouroffthecliff,severallittlesoftballsatatime.(起初，其他企鵝就像‘哦，天哪，Steve剛才做了什么？’但后來它們意識到跳下去是安全的。它們開始從懸崖上傾瀉而下，一次幾個(gè)小軟球。)”，結(jié)合上文“Finallyonechickstepsinfrontoftheothers,waddlestotheedgeofthecliffanddivesofftheside.(最后，一只小企鵝走到其他企鵝前面，搖搖晃晃地走到懸崖邊，從邊上跳了下去。)”可知，這里的“Steve”指的是第一個(gè)跳水的企鵝。故選C?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“Thisdiveistheirentranceintoadulthood.They’llswimouttoseaandwon’treturntothehomeforseveralyears.Howluckywearetoseethishugemomentintheirlives.(這次跳水是它們進(jìn)入成年的入口。它們會游向大海，幾年都不會回家。我們很幸運(yùn)能看到它們生命中的這個(gè)重要時(shí)刻。)”并結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，這篇文章主要講述了作者在南極洲觀察帝企鵝幼鳥第一次跳入海洋游泳的情景，展現(xiàn)了企鵝成長過程中的一個(gè)重要時(shí)刻，所以選項(xiàng)A“躍入成年”最能概括文章主旨，適合作為文章標(biāo)題。故選A。CI’vealwayslovedbooks.WhenIwasachild,Iwouldbringthemeverywhere.Ibecameareaderintheabsenceofdigitalaudiobooks,andtheyneverreallyenteredmyworldofreading.Nevertheless,withtheriseofsmartphones,audiobookshaveexplodedinpopularity,andaswithanynewinterest,newcriticismshaveriseninresponse—audiobooksaren’treallybooks,andthatlisteningtothemisn’treallyreading.I’lladmit,Iusedtothinkthataudiobooks“didn’tcount”becauseyoucouldlistentothempassively.OneofmybiggestannoyancesiswanderingduringanaudiobookandrealizingIhavenoideawhereIstoppedpayingattention.AndI’malsostillaprintbooklover—Ihateebooks,andIonlyusethemwhenit’stoughtogetabookanyotherway.ButIhavegrowntoloveaudiobooksforthedistinctadvantagestheyoffer—forexample,somehavevoiceactorsdodistinctivevoicesfordifferentcharacters,oractuallyputmelodytosongsthatonlyhavelyricsinthewrittentext.AgreatexampleisCaryElwes’AsYouWish:InconceivableTalesfromtheMakingofThePrincessBride.Elwesnarratesthebookhimself,andbringsotheractorsfromthefilmlikeMandyPatinkinandRobinWrightfromthefilmtonarratetheirownsections.That’sjustanexperienceyou’renevergoingtogetwithapaperback(平裝書).SometimesIpreferanaudiobook.It’stheonlywaytoreadifI’monalongdriveorifIwanttodomultitasks.SometimesIpreferabook.Ilovethewaybooksfeelinmyhands,Iloveflippingpages,andIlovecollectingbookmarks.Engagewithbookshoweveryouwant.Buythem,getthemfromthelibrary,borrowthemfromfriends,downloadthemonline,itdoesn’tmatter.Don’twehavebetterusesforourtimethantopickaparthowotherpeopletakeininformation?8.Whatisparagraph1mainlyabout?A.Anissueaboutaudiobooks. B.Anopinionaboutprintbooks.C.Areadingstoryinchildhood. D.Apopularbeliefofdigitalreading.9.Whatdidtheauthorthinkofaudiobooksbefore?A.Listeningtothemwasreallyreading.B.Listeningtothemwasapassiveinvolvement.C.Heknewwherehewaswhenlisteningtothem.D.Hethoughtiteasiertofindthemthanprintbooks.10.WhydoestheauthormentionCaryElwes’audiobook?A.Tointroduceitsactors. B.Toshowhisreadingpreference.C.Tohighlightitsuniquefeatures. D.Tosharehisreadingexperience.11.Whatcanwelearnfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.It’sbeneficialtochooseonereadingway.B.It’susefultoknowaboutothers’readingtime.C.It’snecessarytoobtainvariousreadingresources.D.It’spracticaltousedifferentwaysofreadingbooks.【答案】8.A9.B10.C11.D【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要討論了作者對有聲書和紙質(zhì)書的不同看法和態(tài)度，認(rèn)為無論選擇哪種閱讀方式，重要的是享受閱讀的過程，而不是糾結(jié)于別人如何獲取信息?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“I’vealwayslovedbooks.WhenIwasachild,Iwouldbringthemeverywhere.Ibecameareaderintheabsenceofdigitalaudiobooks,andtheyneverreallyenteredmyworldofreading.Nevertheless,withtheriseofsmartphones,audiobookshaveexplodedinpopularity,andaswithanynewinterest,newcriticismshaveriseninresponse—audiobooksaren’treallybooks,andthatlisteningtothemisn’treallyreading.(我一直都很喜歡書。當(dāng)我還是個(gè)孩子的時(shí)候，我會把它們帶到任何地方。在沒有數(shù)字有聲書的時(shí)候，我成為了一個(gè)讀者，而它們從未真正進(jìn)入我的閱讀世界。然而，隨著智能手機(jī)的興起，有聲書開始大受歡迎，就像任何新的興趣一樣，也出現(xiàn)了新的批評——有聲書并不是真正的書，聽有聲書也不是真正的閱讀。)”可知，第一段主要講的是有聲書的一個(gè)問題，即“有聲書并不是真正的書，聽有聲書也不是真正的閱讀”。故選A?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“I’lladmit,Iusedtothinkthataudiobooks“didn’tcount”becauseyoucouldlistentothempassively.(我承認(rèn)，我過去認(rèn)為有聲書“不算數(shù)”，因?yàn)槟憧梢员粍拥芈犓鼈儭?”可知，作者以前認(rèn)為聽有聲書是一種被動的參與。故選B。【10題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“ButIhavegrowntoloveaudiobooksforthedistinctadvantagestheyoffer—forexample,somehavevoiceactorsdodistinctivevoicesfordifferentcharacters,oractuallyputmelodytosongsthatonlyhavelyricsinthewrittentext.AgreatexampleisCaryElwes’AsYouWish:InconceivableTalesfromtheMakingofThePrincessBride.Elwesnarratesthebookhimself,andbringsotheractorsfromthefilmlikeMandyPatinkinandRobinWrightfromthefilmtonarratetheirownsections.That’sjustanexperienceyou’renevergoingtogetwithapaperback(平裝書).(但我逐漸愛上了有聲書，因?yàn)樗鼈冇歇?dú)特的優(yōu)勢——例如，有些有聲書會讓配音演員為不同的角色做不同的聲音，或者為只有書面歌詞的歌曲配上旋律。一個(gè)很好的例子是CaryElwes的《如你所愿：公主新娘制作中不可思議的故事》。Elwes自己講述了這本書，并邀請了電影中的其他演員，如MandyPatinkin和RobinWright，來講述他們自己的部分。這是你在平裝書中永遠(yuǎn)無法獲得的體驗(yàn)。)”可知，作者提到CaryElwes的有聲書是為了突出有聲書有獨(dú)特的優(yōu)勢。故選C。【11題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“SometimesIpreferanaudiobook.It’stheonlywaytoreadifI’monalongdriveorifIwanttodomultitasks.SometimesIpreferabook.Ilovethewaybooksfeelinmyhands,Iloveflippingpages,andIlovecollectingbookmarks.(有時(shí)我更喜歡有聲書。如果我在長途駕駛或想同時(shí)做多項(xiàng)任務(wù)，這是唯一的閱讀方式。有時(shí)我更喜歡紙質(zhì)書。我喜歡書在我手里的感覺，我喜歡翻頁，我喜歡收集書簽。)”和最后一段“Engagewithbookshoweveryouwant.Buythem,getthemfromthelibrary,borrowthemfromfriends,downloadthemonline,itdoesn’tmatter.Don’twehavebetterusesforourtimethantopickaparthowotherpeopletakeininformation?(以任何你喜歡的方式與書互動。買它們，從圖書館借，從朋友那里借，在網(wǎng)上下載，都沒關(guān)系。我們難道沒有更好的方式來利用我們的時(shí)間，而不是去分析別人如何獲取信息嗎？)”可知，作者認(rèn)為使用不同的閱讀方式是實(shí)際的。故選D。DCorrectingthegigabytes

(千兆字節(jié))ofdigitalmisinformationthatcirculateathighspeedonlineisanever-endingtask.YouTuberemovedmorethanhalfamillionchannelslastyearforbroadcastingmisinformation.Thepowerfulfact-checkingorganizationsthattrytokeeptheInternethonestfacemoreclaimsthantheycanhandle.Howshouldtheyprioritize?Checkerscameupwithanewapproach:forecastingwhichclaimsaremostdangerousandthuswhichmostdeservetobeputunderthemicroscope.ResearchersfromtheUniversityofWestminsterdevelopedaclassifyingsystemtosortdangerousmisinformationfromeverydaynonsense.Onetestofafalseclaimiswhetherenoughpeoplewillbelieveitsothatitcancauseanyharm.Toswinganelectionwithmisinformation,youneedtopersuademanypeople;tofoolsomeonewithfakemedicineyouneedtoconvinceonlyone.Anothertestiswhetherthosebelievingafalseclaimhavethecapacitytoactonit.SomepeoplemaybemisledthatWi-Fisignalscankillplants,forexample,butareunlikelytochangetheirbehaviour.Theresearchersestimatedthat,ofthefalseclaimsintheirsample,57%wereunlikelytocontributetoanyspecificreal-worldeffect.Oftheremaining,potentiallyconsequentialmisinformation,thecheckersconsideredwhethertheconsequencewouldbe“direct”—suchaspersuadingpeopletobuycertainkindofgoods,or“cumulative”,contributingtoafalsenarrativeaboutso-calledsuccessscience.Theclaimswereroughlyevenlydivided.“Cumulative”harmishardertoassessinashorttime,saysPeterCunliffeJonesoftheUniversityofWestminster,butlargedatasetsmakeitpossibletoseehowoftenaclaimisrepeated,andthuswhenanarrativeisforming.Timedevotedtoselectingwhichfalseclaimstocheckisprobablywellspent.Ittakesfiveminutestosortaclaim,whereascarryingoutathoroughchecktakesfivetosixhours.Thefact-checkingworldneedstogetmoresystematicinitsapproach,saysMr.CunliffeJones.“Ifthiscommunityisgoingtolearnanythingfromthis...it’sthatdataisthefuture.”12.Whatisthemainchallengefact-checkingorganizationsmeet?A.Lackofprofessionalfact-checkers.B.Difficultyinaccessingreliabledata.C.Resistancefromsocialmediaplatforms.D.Theoverwhelmingamountofinformation.13.Inwhichcasemayafalseclaimbeclassifiedinto“mostdangerous”?A.Ittargetsordinarypeople. B.Itbringsaboutanaction.C.Itdisguisesitselfwithscience. D.Itspreadsonmanysocialmedia.14.Whatistheclosestinmeaningwiththeunderlinedword“cumulative”inparagraph4?A.Equal. B.Complete. C.Gradual. D.Instant.15.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.It’suptodatatokeeptheInternethonest.B.Mostfalseclaimsrequirethoroughchecks.C.Itwastestoomuchtoclassifymisinformation.D.Selectingmattersmorethanthoroughchecks.【答案】12.D13.B14.C15.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了因互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上的虛假信息高速傳播，事實(shí)核查機(jī)構(gòu)已不堪重負(fù)。并介紹了一種新的優(yōu)先級方法，即用數(shù)據(jù)預(yù)測哪些謠言最危險(xiǎn)，從而把有限的人力優(yōu)先投入最值得核查的內(nèi)容?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中第一段“Thepowerfulfact-checkingorganizationsthattrytokeeptheInternethonestfacemoreclaimsthantheycanhandle.(試圖維護(hù)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)真實(shí)性的強(qiáng)大事實(shí)核查組織面臨的虛假信息數(shù)量超出了它們的處理能力)”可知，事實(shí)核查組織面臨的主要挑戰(zhàn)是需處理的信息數(shù)量過多，難以應(yīng)對。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文中第三段“Onetestofafalseclaimiswhetherenoughpeoplewillbelieveitsothatitcancauseanyharm.(對虛假主張的一個(gè)檢驗(yàn)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是，是否因足夠多的人相信它，從而造成任何危害)”以及“Anothertestiswhetherthosebelievingafalseclaimhavethecapacitytoactonit.(另一個(gè)檢驗(yàn)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是，那些相信虛假主張的人是否有能力據(jù)此采取行動)”可知，若虛假信息能讓相信它的人采取行動，就可能被歸為“最危險(xiǎn)”類別。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)文中第四段“Oftheremaining,potentiallyconsequentialmisinformation,thecheckersconsideredwhethertheconsequencewouldbe‘direct’—suchaspersuadingpeopletobuycertainkindsofgoods,or‘cumulative’,contributingtoafalsenarrativeaboutso-calledsuccessscience.(核查人員對剩下的、可能造成影響的不實(shí)信息進(jìn)行了考量：影響是‘直接的’——比如說服人們購買某類商品；還是‘cumulative’——助推形成關(guān)于所謂成功學(xué)的錯(cuò)誤說法)”，可知“cumulative”是與“direct”相對立的，即“逐步累積的”，與“gradual”意思相近。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文中最后一段Thefact-checkingworldneedstogetmoresystematicinitsapproach,saysMrCunliffJones.‘Ifthiscommunityisgoingtolearnanythingfromthis...it’sthatdataisthefuture.’(Cunliff先生表示，事實(shí)核查領(lǐng)域需要在方法上更加系統(tǒng)化?！绻@個(gè)群體要從這件事中學(xué)到什么……那就是數(shù)據(jù)就是未來’)”可知，依靠數(shù)據(jù)能讓事實(shí)核查更系統(tǒng)，即數(shù)據(jù)的運(yùn)用將成為維護(hù)網(wǎng)絡(luò)真實(shí)的關(guān)鍵。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。MarkusHofmuellerlovesbakingandcommitstosupportingpeoplewithhearinglossandin2022,hetookoverBach’sBakeryfromhisfellowGermanfriend.____16____Hofmuellersaysthatthebakeryexistsbecauseofthebakers.Hewantspeopletolearnskillstosupporttheirfamiliesorevenownabusinessinthefuture.____17____“I’mhappiestwhenIseethemgrowinthejob,”hesays.“Theyaccumulatemoreskillsandknowledgeandkeepimproving,whichIvaluethemost.”ChiefbakerWangTinghasworkedthereforsevenyearsandsaysthatworkinghelpedherimproveherbakingandmanagementskills.Becausethebakerscannothear,theypaymoreattentiontowhattheysee,especiallydetailsotherstendtooverlook.____18____Itisimportantforthebakerybecausebreadqualitycanbejudgedbyitsappearance,Hofmuellerexplains.HofmuellerandhiswifehaveaddednewflavorsandlaunchedaWeChataccountandmini-program.TheysharebakerynewsonWeChatmomentseveryday.____19____Thelocalscometothestoretoeatandgather.Heoftenjokesthattheyrunthestorewithhim.WhenHofmuellermadeapostaskingwhereheshouldbuyanovenonhisWeChatmoments,hereceivedmanysuggestions.Planningtoworkwithvocationalschools,heaimstoexpandthebakery’strainingprogramstoassistandtrainmorepeople,notjustpeoplewithhearingloss.“Itisverymeaningful,”Hofmuellersays.“NomatterwhatIdo,Ifeelastrongsenseofresponsibility.”____20____Heknowsitiswhathewants.A.Hefollowsandtrustshisheart.B.Thebakery’semployeesareapriority.C.Itsoonbecomespopularamonglocals.D.Inthisbakerysilencespeaksmorethanwords.E.Andheplanstoopenmorebakeriesnationwide.F.Attentiontodetailiswhatmakesthebakersspecial.G.Thebakeryhasbecomeameetingplaceforeveryone.【答案】16.C17.B18.F19.G20.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了MarkusHofmueller接管了Bach’sBakery，并致力于幫助有聽力障礙的人，通過烘焙技能培訓(xùn)幫助他們提升自我，同時(shí)他還積極創(chuàng)新，擴(kuò)大影響力，展現(xiàn)出了強(qiáng)烈的社會責(zé)任感?！?6題詳析】上文“MarkusHofmuellerlovesbakingandcommitstosupportingpeoplewithhearinglossandin2022,hetookoverBach’sBakeryfromhisfellowGermanfriend.(MarkusHofmueller熱愛烘焙，致力于幫助聽力受損的人，2022年，他從德國朋友手中接管了Bach’sBakery。)”介紹了MarkusHofmueller接管了Bach’sBakery，空處說明接管后的情況。選項(xiàng)“Itsoonbecomespopularamonglocals.(它很快在當(dāng)?shù)厝酥辛餍衅饋怼?”說明了接管后的情況，即面包店在當(dāng)?shù)厝酥泻苁軞g迎，符合語境。故選C?！?7題詳析】上文“Hofmuellersaysthatthebakeryexistsbecauseofthebakers.Hewantspeopletolearnskillstosupporttheirfamiliesorevenownabusinessinthefuture.(Hofmueller表示，這家面包店能存在，功勞要?dú)w于面包師們。他希望人們能學(xué)習(xí)技能，以便將來養(yǎng)家糊口，甚至自己創(chuàng)業(yè)。)”強(qiáng)調(diào)面包師的重要性，空處進(jìn)一步說明面包師的重要性。選項(xiàng)“Thebakery’semployeesareapriority.(面包店的員工是首要考慮的。)”強(qiáng)調(diào)了面包師的重要性，符合語境。故選B?！?8題詳析】上文“Becausethebakerscannothear,theypaymoreattentiontowhattheysee,especiallydetailsotherstendtooverlook.(因?yàn)槊姘鼛熉牪坏剑运麄兏P(guān)注他們所看到的，尤其是別人容易忽視的細(xì)節(jié)。)”提到了面包師對細(xì)節(jié)的關(guān)注，空處進(jìn)一步說明關(guān)注細(xì)節(jié)對面包師的重要性。選項(xiàng)“Attentiontodetailiswhatmakesthebakersspecial.(注重細(xì)節(jié)是面包師的特別之處。)”符合語境。故選F?！?9題詳析】上文“HofmuellerandhiswifehaveaddednewflavorsandlaunchedaWeChataccountandmini-program.TheysharebakerynewsonWeChatmomentseveryday.(Hofmueller和他的妻子推出了新口味的產(chǎn)品，還開通了微信賬號和小程序。他們每天都會在微信朋友圈分享面包店的動態(tài)。)”提到Hofmueller和他的妻子在社交媒體上的活躍，空處說明這種活躍帶來的影響。選項(xiàng)“Thebakeryhasbecomeameetingplaceforeveryone.(面包店已經(jīng)成為每個(gè)人的聚會場所。)”說明了這種活躍使得面包店成為了大家的聚會場所，符合語境。故選G?！?0題詳析】上文“Planningtoworkwithvocationalschools,heaimstoexpandthebakery’strainingprogramstoassistandtrainmorepeople,notjustpeoplewithhearingloss.(他計(jì)劃與職業(yè)學(xué)校合作，旨在擴(kuò)大面包店的培訓(xùn)項(xiàng)目，以幫助和培訓(xùn)更多的人，而不僅僅是聽力受損的人。)”提到了Hofmueller的計(jì)劃，空處說明Hofmueller對計(jì)劃的看法。選項(xiàng)“Hefollowsandtrustshisheart.(他追隨并相信自己的內(nèi)心。)”說明了Hofmueller對自己計(jì)劃的堅(jiān)定信念，符合語境。故選A。第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共三節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Itwasmybirthday,andIwascelebratingitasIhadforyears:bywatchingtheannualAugustheavenlywonder,themeteor(流星)showerinnight.Butthisyearwas____21____.Istudiedformygraduatedegreeinmedicine,asIhad____22____todoforthepast15years.Butnow,watchingitacrossthenightsky,Ibeganto____23____thepathIhadtaken.Intheweekssincestartingmycourses,IhadmetpeoplewithjobsandPh.D.sintheareasIhadnever____24____—neuroscience,archaeology,andeven____25____,broadeningmyhorizons.____26____,anothereventhelpedmemakeadecision:asolareclipse(日食).Afterthetripalongthewindingmountainroad,Ifounda____27____spotinavalleysurroundedbythemountains,nothingbesidesoccasionalbirds’songs.The____28____builtastheMoongraduallyslidinfrontoftheSun.Finally,whentheworldaroundmebecame____29____,IknewIhadtopursuepreviously_____30_____options.Thenextfouryearsweresomeofthemost_____31_____ofmylife.Iworkedvarious_____32_____jobs:washingatrestaurants,andthensellingclothesatstores.Igotajobasateachingassistantandconductedresearch.Ieventually_____33_____withanotherbachelor’sdegreeinphysics,andbeganaPh.D.programinastronomy.Now,abouttokickoffmyfinalyearofmyPh.D.,Irealizethatmy_____34_____fortheskygavemeagreatgift.It_____35_____mefromallowingearthlyworries,shame,orself-doubttostandinthewayofchasingnewdreams.21.A.normal B.different C.diverse D.ordinary22.A.hesitated B.refused C.feared D.planned23.A.question B.accept C.follow D.find24.A.ignored B.recalled C.considered D.admitted25.A.literature B.astronomy C.history D.geography26.A.Sadly B.Gradually C.Accidentally D.Eventually27.A.peaceful B.warm C.muddy D.wild28.A.panic B.sadness C.anticipation D.confusion29.A.hot B.noisy C.strange D.dark30.A.misled B.unimagined C.mismatched D.unspoken31.A.cheerful B.relaxing C.successful D.challenging32.A.easy B.stable C.decent D.odd33.A.trained B.left C.graduated D.struggled34.A.love B.knowledge C.study D.thinking35.A.freed B.protected C.banned D.distracted【答案】21.B22.D23.A24.C25.B26.C27.A28.C29.D30.B31.D32.D33.C34.A35.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了生日看流星雨時(shí)，作者開始質(zhì)疑既定的醫(yī)學(xué)之路，日食讓他決心追尋未想過的方向，歷經(jīng)挑戰(zhàn)后獲物理學(xué)學(xué)位并攻讀天文學(xué)博士，對天空的熱愛助他追夢?！?1題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但今年不同了。A.normal正常的；B.different不同的；C.diverse多種多樣的；D.ordinary普通的。根據(jù)前文“IwascelebratingitasIhadforyears:bywatchingtheannualAugustheavenlywonder,themeteor(流星)showerinnight”提到像多年來一樣慶祝生日（看流星雨），但后文轉(zhuǎn)折講述作者對人生道路的反思，說明今年“不同”。故選B項(xiàng)。【22題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我攻讀醫(yī)學(xué)研究生學(xué)位，這是我過去15年來一直計(jì)劃的。A.hesitated猶豫；B.refused拒絕；C.feared害怕；D.planned計(jì)劃。根據(jù)上文“Istudiedformygraduatedegreeinmedicine”可知，作者過去15年都計(jì)劃學(xué)習(xí)醫(yī)學(xué)研究生學(xué)位。故選D項(xiàng)。【23題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但現(xiàn)在，看著它劃過夜空，我開始質(zhì)疑自己選擇的道路。A.question質(zhì)疑；B.accept接受；C.follow遵循；D.find發(fā)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)該句中的“thepathIhadtaken”結(jié)合后文作者改變方向可知，此時(shí)觀看流星雨時(shí)，他開始“質(zhì)疑”自己選擇的道路。故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在開始上課后的幾個(gè)星期里，我遇到了很多在我從未考慮過的領(lǐng)域工作和獲得博士學(xué)位的人——神經(jīng)科學(xué)、考古學(xué)，甚至天文學(xué)，這開闊了我的視野。A.ignored忽視；B.recalled回憶；C.considered考慮；D.admitted承認(rèn)。根據(jù)下文“neuroscience,archaeology,andeven________,broadeningmyhorizons.”可知，作者遇到了在神經(jīng)科學(xué)、考古學(xué)甚至天文學(xué)等自己從未考慮過的領(lǐng)域有工作和博士學(xué)位的人。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在開始上課后的幾個(gè)星期里，我遇到了很多在我從未考慮過的領(lǐng)域工作和獲得博士學(xué)位的人——神經(jīng)科學(xué)、考古學(xué)，甚至天文學(xué)，這開闊了我的視野。A.literature文學(xué)；B.astronomy天文學(xué)；C.history歷史；D.geography地理。根據(jù)下文“andbeganaPh.D.programinastronomy”作者后來開始天文學(xué)博士課程，可知這里提到的領(lǐng)域有天文學(xué)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?6題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：偶然的是，另一件事幫助我做出了決定：日食。A.Sadly悲傷地；B.Gradually逐漸地；C.Accidentally偶然地；D.Eventually最終。根據(jù)語境以及下文“anothereventhelpedmemakeadecision:asolareclipse.”提到日食，由此可知，“偶然的是”另一件事（日食）幫助作者做了決定。故選C項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：沿著蜿蜒的山路旅行后，我在群山環(huán)繞的山谷里找到了一個(gè)安靜的地方，除了偶爾的鳥鳴，什么也沒有。A.peaceful安靜的；B.warm暖和的；C.muddy泥濘的；D.wild野生的，野蠻的。根據(jù)語境以及下文“nothingbesidesoccasionalbirds’songs”可知，在山谷里找到一個(gè)安靜的地方，除了偶爾的鳥鳴什么都沒有。故選A項(xiàng)。【28題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：隨著月球逐漸滑到太陽前面，人們的期待越來越強(qiáng)烈。A.panic恐慌；B.sadness悲傷；C.anticipation期待，預(yù)期；D.confusion困惑。根據(jù)下文“astheMoongraduallyslidinfrontoftheSun”可知，隨著月亮逐漸滑到太陽前面，期待感越來越強(qiáng)烈。故選C項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：最后，當(dāng)我周圍的世界變得黑暗時(shí)，我知道我必須追求以前想象不到的選擇。A.hot熱的；B.noisy嘈雜的；C.strange奇怪的；D.dark黑暗的。根據(jù)常識可知，日食發(fā)生時(shí)，月亮完全遮擋太陽，周圍世界變得“黑暗”。故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：最后，當(dāng)我周圍的世界變得黑暗時(shí)，我知道我必須追求以前想象不到的選擇。A.misled誤導(dǎo)的；B.unimagined未想象過的；C.mismatched不匹配的；D.unspoken未說出口的。根據(jù)前文“IhadmetpeoplewithjobsandPh.D.sintheareasIhadneverconsidered”提到作者遇到新領(lǐng)域，這里是追求未想象過的選擇。故選B項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：接下來的四年是我人生中最具挑戰(zhàn)性的四年。A.cheerful愉快的；B.relaxing放松的；C.successful成功的；D.challenging有挑戰(zhàn)性的。根據(jù)下文“Iworkedvarious________jobs:washingatrestaurants,andthensellingclothesatstores.”可知，作者做了各種不同的工作，還進(jìn)行研究等，因此這四年是作者一生中最具挑戰(zhàn)性的。故選D項(xiàng)。【32題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我做過各種各樣的零工：在餐館洗衣服，然后在商店賣衣服。A.easy容易的；B.stable穩(wěn)定的；C.decent體面的；D.odd臨時(shí)的，零工的。根據(jù)下文“washingatrestaurants,andthensellingclothesatstores”可知，作者做了各種零工。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：最后，我又獲得了物理學(xué)學(xué)士學(xué)位，并開始攻讀天文學(xué)博士學(xué)位。A.trained訓(xùn)練；B.left離開；C.graduated畢業(yè)，獲得學(xué)位；D.struggled掙扎。根據(jù)下文“anotherbachelor’sdegreeinphysics,andbeganaPh.D.programinastronomy”可知，作者最終獲得了另一個(gè)物理學(xué)學(xué)士學(xué)位。故選C項(xiàng)。【34題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在，即將開始我博士學(xué)位的最后一年，我意識到我對天空的熱愛給了我一份偉大的禮物。A.love愛；B.knowledge知識；C.study學(xué)習(xí)；D.thinking思考。根據(jù)上文“ IwascelebratingitasIhadforyears:bywatchingtheannualAugustheavenlywonder,themeteor(流星)showerinnight.”可知，作者對天空的熱愛給了自己一份很棒的禮物。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：它把我從世俗的憂慮、羞恥或自我懷疑中解放出來，阻止我追逐新的夢想。A.freed使自由，擺脫；B.protected保護(hù)；C.banned禁止；D.distracted分散注意力。根據(jù)句意以及下文“…fromallowingearthlyworries,shame,orself-doubttostandinthewayofchasingnewdreams”可知，它使作者擺脫了塵世的擔(dān)憂、羞恥或自我懷疑，不讓它們阻礙追逐新夢想。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。The15theditionofVividSydney,Australia’slargestannualcelebrationoflight,music,ideas,andfood,lituptheHarbourCityunderthethemeDream.FromMay23toJune14,2025,thefestivalfeaturedmorethan200eventsacrossfive____36____(creative)design