2025—2026年高考北京卷英語(yǔ)綜合模擬強(qiáng)化練習(xí)4【含詳細(xì)答案

一、閱讀單選（3題）（本大題共2小題）

TheInternationalOlympicCommittee（IOC）YoungLeadersprogrammeempowerstalentstomakeapositive

differenceintheircommunitiesthroughsport.Twenty-fiveYoungLeadersarebeingselectedeverytwoyearsfor

afour-yearperiod.TheypromotetheOlympicvalues,spreadingthemessageofsportforgood.

TobeanIOCYoungLeader,youneedtofirstcompletethe4-WeekLearningSprint（沖刺）.

4-WeekLearningSprint

The4-WeekLearningSprint,whichwilltakeplaceduringNovember2023,isavirtuallearningprogramme.

ThesessionscanbeattendedliveorwatchedbackaftertheyaremadeavailableontheIOCchannel.Eachweek,

participantswillbeaskedtocompleteatopic-specificreflectiontask.

The4-WeekLearningSprintisopentoanyone,withthetargetaudienceagedbetween20and28.

Aftersuccessfullycompletingthe4-WeekLearningSprint,youwillneedtosubmitaplanforasport-based

project,whichyouwillworkonifselectedasanIOCYoungLeader.

RequirementsfortheApplicants

?Youhavesuccessfullycompletedthe4-WeekLearningSprint.

?Youhavecompletedyourhighschoolstudies.

?Youhaveatleastoneyearofworkexperience.

?Youhavestrongpublicspeakingskills.

?Youareself^motivatedandcommitted.

?Youarepassionateaboutcreatingpositivechangeinyourcommunity.

?Youareopentobeingcoachedandadvisedbyexpertsandpeers（同伴）.

?Youareabletoworkwithpeoplefromdifferentbackgrounds.

1.Inthe4-WeekLearningSprint,participantswill.

A.createchangeintheircommunityB.attendavirtuallearningprogramme

C.meetpeoplefromdifferentbackgroundsD.promotetheIOCYoungLeadersproject

2.IfselectedasanIOCYoungLeader,onewillneedto.

A.completeareflectiontaskeachweekB.watchsportsontheIOCchannel

C.workonasport-basedprojectD.coachandadvisetheirpeers

3.Whichisarequirementfortheapplicants?

A.Spreadingthemessageofsportforgood.B.Havingatleastone-yearworkexperience.

C.Showinggreatpassionforprojectplanning.D.Committingthemselvestobecominganexpert.

Theproductionofcoffeebeansisahuge,profitablebusiness,but,unfortunately,full-sunproductionis

takingovertheindustryandbringingaboutalotofdamage.Thechangeinhowcoffeeisgrownfromshade-

grownproductiontofull-sunproductionendangerstheveryexistenceofcertainanimalsandbirds,andeven

disturbstheworld'secologicalbalance.

Onalocallevel,thedamageoftheforestrequiredbyfull-sunfieldsaffectsthearea'sbirdsandanimals.

Theshadeoftheforesttreesprovidesahomeforbirdsandother（物種）thatdependonthetrees5flowersand

fruits.Full-suncoffeegrowersdestroythisforesthome.Asaresult,manyspeciesarequicklydyingout.

Onamoregloballevel,thedestructionoftherainforestforfull-suncoffeefieldsalsothreatens（威脅）

humanlife.Medicalresearchoftenmakesuseoftheforests9plantandanimallife,andthedestructionofsuch

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speciescouldpreventresearchersfromfindingcuresforcertaindiseases.Inaddition,newcoffee-growing

techniquesarepoisoningthewaterlocally,andeventuallytheworld'sgroundwater.

Bothlocallyandglobally,thecontinuedspreadoffull-suncoffeeplantations（種植園）couldmeanthe

destructionoftherainforestecology.Thelossofshadetreesisalreadycausingaslightchangeintheworld's

climate,andstudiesshowthatlossofoxygen-givingtreesalsoleadstoairpollutionandglobalwarming.

Moreover,thenewgrowingtechniquesarecontributingtoacidic（酸性的）soilconditions.

Itisobviousthatthewaymuchcoffeeisgrownaffectsmanyaspectsoflife,fromthelocalenvironmentto

theglobalecology.Butconsumersdohaveachoice.Theycanpurchaseshade-growncoffeewheneverpossible,

althoughatahighercost.Thefuturehealthoftheplanetandmankindissurelyworthmorethananinexpensive

cupofcoffee.

4.Whatcanwelearnaboutfull-suncoffeeproductionfromParagraph4?

A.Itlimitsthespreadofnewgrowingtechniques.

B.Itleadstoairpollutionandglobalwarming.

C.Itslowsdownthelossofshadetrees.

D.Itimproveslocalsoilconditions.

5.Thepurposeofthetextisto.

A.entertainB.advertiseC.instructD.persuade

6.Whichofthefollowingshowstheorganizationofthepassage?

（CP:CentralPointP:PointC:Conclusion）

二、閱讀單選（4題）（本大題共2小題）

Wehumansareintrouble.Wehaveletlooseanewevolutionaryprocessthatwedon'tunderstandandcan't

control.

Thelatestleapsforwardinartificialintelligence（AI）arerightlycausinganxiety.Yetpeopleareresponding

asthoughAIisjustonemorescarynewtechnology,likeelectricityorcarsoncewere.Weinventedit,the

argumentgoes,soweshouldbeabletomanageitforourownbenefit.Notso.Ibelievethatthissituationisnew

andpotentiallydangerous.

Mythinkingstartsfromthepremisethatalldesignanywhereintheuniverseiscreatedbytheevolutionary

algorithm（算法）.Thisistheprocessinwhichsomekindofinformationiscopiedmanytimes,thecopiesvary

slightlyandonlysomeareselectedtobecopiedagain.Theinformationiscalledthereplicator（復(fù)制者）,andour

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mostfamiliarexampleisthegene.

Butgenesaren'ttheonlyreplicator,asRichardDawkinsstressedinTheSelfishGene.Peoplecopyhabits,

stories,words,technologiesandsongs;wechange,recombineandpassthemoninevergreatervariety.This

secondreplicator,evolvingmuchfasterthangenesevercould,Dawkinscalledmemes(模仿傳遞行為)一and

theyareselfishtoo.

AswefaceuptotherecentexplosioninAI,newquestionsarise.Couldathirdreplicatortakeadvantageof

thefirsttwo?Andwhatwouldhappenifitdid?

Forbillionsofyears,alloftheEarth'sorganismsweregenemachines,until,about2millionyearsago,just

onespecies-ourancestors-startedimitatingsounds,gesturesandwaysofprocessingfood.Theyhadletloose

asecondreplicatorandturnedusintomememachines.Followingthesameprinciple,couldathirdreplicator

appearifsomeobjectwemadestartedcopying,varyingandselectinganewkindofinformation?

Itcould,andIbelieveithas.Ourdigitaltechnologycancopy,storeandspreadvastamountsofinformation

withnear-perfectaccuracy.Whilewehadmostlybeentheonesselectingwhattocopyandshare,thatischanging

now.Mindlessalgorithmschoosewhichadsweseeandwhichnewsstoriesthey“think“wewouldlike.Oncea

digitalreplicatortakesoff,itsproductswillevolveforitsownbenefit,notours.

Allisnotlost,though.Wealreadycopewithfast-evolvingparasitessuchasvirusesbyusingourimmune

systems,machinesandvaccines.Now,weneedtobuildourcollectivementalimmunity,ourcriticalthinkingand

ourabilitytoprotectourattentionfromallthatselfishinformation.Takinglessonsfromevolution,wecanstop

imaginingwearethecontrollersofouraccidentallydangerousoffspringandstartlearninghowtolivewiththem.

7.Asforpeople'sattitudetowardAI,theauthoris.

A.disapprovingB.unconcerned

C.sympatheticD.tolerant

8.Accordingtothepassage,RichardDawkinsmayagreethat.

A.memesarecomposedofselfishgenesB.thespeedofevolutionisunderestimated

C.replicatorsvarywithhumaninterferenceD.memesandgenesshareacommonfeature

9.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?

A.Technologiescanbedouble-edged.

B.Collectiveeffortsmakeabetterworld.

C.Weshouldliveinharmonywithnature.

D.Pastexperienceisrelevanttofutureaction.

10.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A.Thepaceoftechnologicalprogressisunstoppable.

B.Theinitiativeofalgorithmshouldbestrengthened.

C.Thenewevolutioncanbringaboutnegativeeffects.

D.Theartificialintelligencecansatisfyourrealdesires.

Anewartificialintelligence(AI)toolcalledChatGPThasexcitedtheInternetcommunitywithits

superhumanabilitiestosolvemathproblems,producecollegearticlesandwriteresearchpapers.Someeducators

arewarningthatsuchAlsystemswillchangetheworldoflearning,teaching,andresearch,forbetterorworse.

EthanMollick,aprofessorattheUniversityofPennsylvania'sWhartonSchoolofBusiness,seesitsbenefits

asalearningpartner.Hehasuseditashisownteacher'sassistant,forhelpwithpreparingalectureandgrading

instructionsforMBAstudents."'Youcanaskittofindamistakeinyourwritingandcorrectitandtellyouwhy

yougotitwrong,hesaid."It'sreallyamazing.

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Butthesuperhumanassistanthasitslimitations（局限）.ChatGPTwascreatedbyhumans,afterall.OpenAI

hastrainedthetoolusingalargedatasetofrealhumanconversations.Itsometimesliestoyou,withconfidence.

TherehavebeensituationsinwhichChatGPTwon'ttellyouwhenitdoesn'thavetheanswer.

That'swhatTeresaKubacka,adatascientistbasedinZurich,Switzerland,foundwhensheexperimented

withthelanguagemodel.t4IaskeditaboutsomethingthatIthoughtthatIknowdoesn'texist（存在）sothatIcan

judgewhetheritactuallyalsohastheideaofwhatexistsandwhatdoesn'texist.^^shesaid.ChatGPTproducedan

answersospecificsounding,backedwithcitations（弓I文）,thatKubackahadtofindoutwhetherthemade-up

thingwasactuallyreal.t4Thisiswhereitbecomeskindofdangerous,9,shesaid.

ChatGPTdoesn'tproducegoodscience,saysOrenEtzioni,thefoundingCEOoftheAllenInstituteforAI.

ButheseesChatGPT'sappearanceasagoodthing.Heseesthisasamomentforreview."ChatGPTisjustafew

daysold,Iliketosay,“saidEtzioni."It'sgivingusachancetounderstandwhathecanandcannotdoandto

begintheconversationof'Whatarewegoingtodoaboutit?9,9

11.HowdidEthanMollickfeelaboutChatGPT?

A.Itcouldbeusedinmanydifferentfields.

B.Itwaspopularwithuniversitystudents.

C.Itwouldreplaceteachers'assistants.

D.Itwasadvantageoustohim.

12.WhatdidTeresaKubacka'sexperimentwithChatGPTfind?

A.TheAltoolisnotdependablesometimes.

B.TheAltoolalwaysgiveswronganswers.

C.TheAltooldoesnotalwaysanswerquestions.

D.TheAltoolgivesdangerousguidancesometimes.

13.WhatdoesOrenEtzionimeanbysayingthosewordsinthelastparagraph?

A.ItistooearlytodiscussChatGPT'slimitations.

B.ChatGPTisopenforreviewandsuggestions.

C.ChatGPTisworthpraisingforitssuperhumanabilities.

D.IttakestimetoseewhetherChatGPTworkswellornot.

14.Whichofthefollowingshowstheorganizationofthetext?

三、完形（10空）（本大題共1小題）

Iwasabouttosleepwhensomeoneknockedonmywindow.Knock,knock.Thenathree-secondpause.

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Knock,knock.ImmediatelyIknewitwasmybestfriend,Ben.Theknock15wasouremergencycall

whichnevermeansanythinggood.

“What'sgoingon?”Irushedtoopenthewindowandasked.

Benclimbedin."Badnews."Hegavemea16look,andIimmediatelyknewwhatitwas.My

heart17Igavehimanod,andhesighedinresponse.

“Whereto?”Iasked.

“Virginia.”

“That'sfarfromFlorida.^^

Welookedateachotherknowingwewerethinkingthesame.BothBenandIhadparentsintheairforce.

Wewereusedtofrequentmoves.

BenandIbecameclosefriendssinceIcrashedintoBen'sstandandsentplasticcupsoflemonadeflying

intotheheavens.Atfirst,I18Florida.Everythingchanged,though,whenI19rollers-katedinto

Ben'slemonadestand.

“Itmusthavebeenfate!^^weclaimed.ButIthinkthat,maybe,therewassome20inthatlemonade,

andthatasitraineddownonus,itcastaspellmakingusfriendsforever.

“MaybeyourfamilywillgetmovedtoVirginiatoo."Bensaid.

“Yeah,maybe.^^Iknewthechancewaslow,butIchosetohope.

Bengrinnedatme.Thoughitlookedsad,Isaw21inhimtoo.

"I'llhavealemonadestand22foryou.”

“Thenrilpackmyroller-skates.9,

“ThenI'llwearaponcho（雨披）

We23ThehumidFloridanightclosedaroundus,andIfeltatinydropofliquidsplashonmy

arm.Iknewitwasprobablyrain,butstill,Ithoughtthat,maybe,itwasadropofmagiclemonade,because

nothingonearthcanbreakthe24betweenus.

15.A.soundB.patternC.numberD.symbol

16.A.playfulB.gratefulC.cheerfulD.meaningful

17.A.failedB.softenedC.sankD.relieved

18.A.hatedB.missedC.exploredD.appreciated

19.A.graduallyB.narrowlyC.constantlyD.accidentally

20.A.signB.magicC.flavourD.wish

21.A.hopeB.joyC.courageD.support

22.A.necessaryB.convenientC.readyD.useful

23.A.struggledB.arguedC.laughedD.compromised

24.A.ruleB.bondC.barrierD.balance

四、七選五閱讀（本大題共1小題）

ConflictAvoidanceDoesn'tDoYouAnyFavors

Imaginethisscenario:You'vebeenworkinghardonapresentationforseveralweeks,butaco-worker

jumpsinandtakesallthecreditforyourwork.Insteadofrightlyspeakingup,youchoosetosilentlystepback.

25Asidefromourworklife,avoidingconflictcanmanifestinourromanticrelationships,friendships,and

evenfamilydynamics.

Manyofthesetendenciescanbetracedbacktogrowingupinanenvironmentthatwasdismissive（置B視的）

orhypercritical.Peoplewhorespondtoconflictthiswayoftenexpectnegativeoutcomesandfinditdifficultto

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trusttheotherperson'sreaction.26

However,disagreeingwithsomeonedoesn'tnecessarilymean“fighting”.It'snotaboutblamingtheother

personorprovingwho'srightandwronginagivensituation.Conflictresolutionisaboutstandingupforyourself

andcommunicatingwhenyoufeelangryorfrustrated.

Beforeconfrontingsomeone,tryexaminingyourfeelings.27Youcantrythefollowing

affirmations:"It'sOKtofeelhoweverFmfeelingatthismoment-myemotionsarevalid.^^“Iamworthyand

deservingofbeingheard.^^

Drawinguponyoursensorytoolboxalsohelps.Ifyou'reavisualperson,youcanrelievestressbyclosing

youreyesandimaginingsoothingimages.Similarly,ifyou'remorecomfortedbysmells,keepinganessentialoil

onhandisagoodchoice.

Onelaststepbeforeconfrontingsomeoneishavingaplan.Clearlydefinewhatyou'dliketoresolve.Then,

writedowncanned,factualresponsestousewhenneeded,like“Iworkedlateforthepasttwoweekswhilemyco-

workerdidn'tturnintheirshareoftheresearch."28You'llfeelconfidentwhenaddressingthem.

29WhileifsOKtoneverconfrontothers,beingabletoresolveissueseffectivelymeans

acceptingitasahealthypartofcommunicatingwithothers.Remember,disagreeingprovidesdeeper

understandingandmakesiteasiertoconnectwithourfriends,partners,andco-workers.

A.Practisethekeypointsyou'dliketogetacross.

B.Differentcultureshavediversewaysofhandlingconflicts.

C.Conflictisanormalpartofourpersonalandprofessionallives.

D.Inotherwords,expressingyouropinionfirmlycanseemprettyscary.

E.Ratherthanallowconflictstorunwildinyourhead,tryafirmerapproach.

F.Beingconflictavoidantmeanswithdrawingfrompossibledisagreementsatallcosts.

G.Insteadofholdingbackemotions,trylookingatthemthroughthelensofself-compassion.

五、其他閱讀題型（本大題共1小題）

閱讀下面的短文和問題，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，在相應(yīng)題號(hào)后的橫線上寫下相關(guān)信息，完成對(duì)該問題的回答。

答語(yǔ)要意思清楚，結(jié)構(gòu)正確，書寫工整。

Atthestartofnearlyeverydoctor'svisit,chancesarethatyouwillbeaskedtogetyourweightmeasuredfor

thatday*sexamrecord-andyouwouldbehard-pressedtofindapersonwhosephysicianhasnotbroughtuphis

orherweightatsomepoint,anddoctors*recommendationstodroppoundsarestillextremelycommon.Butmany

conversationsaroundweighthavebecomeabarrier,notahelp,inthecampaigntomakepeoplehealthier.

Higherbodymassesareassociatedwithincreasedriskforhypertension,diabetesandcoronarydisease.Many

studieshaveshownthatheavierpeopleareathigherriskfortheseillnesses.Butthebigpictureisnotthewhole

picture.Researchershaveidentifiedasmallergroupofoverweightpeopleconsideredtobe"metabolically（新陳

代謂地）healthy"-meaningtheydonotexhibithighbloodpressureorotherdiseases.

Researchoverthepasttwodecadeshasshownthathealthprofessionalshavenegativeattitudestowardfat

people.Somerefusetoseethesepatientsatall,astheSouthFloridaSunSentinelreportedin2011.Suchpractices

keeppeoplefromregularannualexamsandpreventthefindingofseriousunderlyingconditions.Notonlythatbut

doctors*appointmentswithfatpatientsareshorteronaverage,andtheyroutinelyusenegativewordsintheir

medicalhistoriesofsuchpeople.Andresearchsuggeststhatthestressofbeingaheavypersonmaycause

metabolicchangesthatmayleadtomorepoorhealthoutcomes.

Toachievebetterhealthoutcomes,doctorsshouldfocusonbehaviorsthathaveprovenpositiveoutcomesfor

healthinsteadoftheweight-centrichealthcarepractice.Andpeopleofallsizesareentitledtoevidence-based

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factorsthatempowerthemandkeepthemhealthy.Lifestylechanges,suchaseatingfruits,vegetablesandwhole

grains,alongwithincreasedphysicalactivity,canimprovebloodpressure,levelsandsensitivity-often

independentlyofchangesinbodyweight.

30.Whatwillyoubeaskedtodowhenvisitingadoctorforthefirsttime?（不多于4個(gè)單詞）

31.Whydoesthestressofbeingaheavypersonmayleadtomorepoorhealthoutcomes?（不多于6個(gè)單詞）

32.Whataredoctorsexpectedtodotoachievebetterhealthoutcomes?（不多于10個(gè)單詞）

33.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?（不多于4個(gè)單詞）

六、語(yǔ)篇（本大題共3小題）

B

閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空

白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。

Readingasateenleadstosuccess.Whenteensreadmorethanjusttheirclassroomassignments,research

clearlyshowsthattheygenerallydo]_5（good）inschool.Firstofall,theextrareading16（enlarge）their

vocabularies.AndteensJ/7readmoreseriousliteraryworksgainskillsinhandlingcomplexideas.Besides,

teenscaneducate18（they）inanyareaoflifetheyareinterestediniftheyaregoodatreading.Plus,readingalso

helpsthemexpandtheirhorizonsastheylearnmoreaboutpeopleandtheworld.

C

閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白

處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。

Arthasalwaysbeenapolarizing（分化的）subject.Doyouknowwhyapieceofartwork34（value）in

themillions,whileothersseethesamepieceaslittlemorethanachild5sfingerpainting?Accordingtonew

research,theremaybeascientificreasonwhywearefond35certainworks.Theanswerliesinhowa

person'sbrainbreaksdownthevisualsofapainting36（combine）withtheirjudgment.

閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空

白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。

Youhaveprobablydreamedabout37youwouldchangetheworld,onlytofindthatitseems

impossible.However,youmayhavethepower38（make）theworldbetterwithstepsbysteps.Thatsthe

ideabehindtheBAChallenge,whichisapublicservicecampaignco-initiatedbyAlibabaandSinaWeibo.Itasks

peopletodosomethingpositiveandthenrecordthechangesbeforeandafter.Sinceitsfirst39（appear）

onSinaWeiboonSept.2nd,theBAChallengehasattractedmillionsofviewersandparticipants40these

littlethingsmaybeeasilyignoredinourdailylives,theyarewellreceivedbymanyviewers.

七、應(yīng)用文寫作（本大題共1小題）

41.假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高二（1）班學(xué)生李華你校英文?？疢yBeijing欄目在招聘小記者，你非常感興

趣。請(qǐng)你寫一封應(yīng)聘信，內(nèi)容包括：

1、申請(qǐng)理由；

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2.自身優(yōu)勢(shì)。

注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；

2.信的開頭結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。

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參考答案

一、閱讀單選（3題）

【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】體育、應(yīng)用文、細(xì)節(jié)理解

【答案】

1.B

2.C

3.B

【詳解】

1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)4-WeekLearningSprint部分中“The4-WeekLearningSprint,whichwilltakeplace

duringNovember2023,isavirtuallearningprogramme.Thesessionscanbeattendedliveorwatchedbackafter

theyaremadeavailableontheIOCchannel.（為期4周的學(xué)習(xí)沖刺是一個(gè)虛擬學(xué)習(xí)計(jì)劃，將于2023年11月

進(jìn)行。這些會(huì)議可以現(xiàn)場(chǎng)觀看，也可以在IOC頻道播出后觀看）”可知，在為期四周的學(xué)習(xí)沖刺中，參與

者將參加虛擬學(xué)習(xí)課程。故選B。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)4-WeekLearningSprint部分中“Aftersuccessfullycompletingthe4-WeekLearning

Sprint,youwillneedtosubmitaplanforasport-basedproject,whichyouwillworkonifselectedasanIOC

YoungLeader.（在成功完成為期4周的沖刺學(xué)習(xí)后，您需要提交一份以體育為基礎(chǔ)的項(xiàng)目計(jì)劃，如果您被

選為國(guó)際奧委會(huì)青年領(lǐng)袖，您將參與其中）”可知，如果被選為國(guó)際奧委會(huì)青年領(lǐng)袖，需要做一個(gè)以運(yùn)動(dòng)為

基礎(chǔ)的項(xiàng)目。故選C。

3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)RequirementsfortheApplicants部分中“Youhaveatleastoneyearofworkexperience.

（你至少有一年的工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)）”可知，對(duì)申請(qǐng)人的要求是至少一年工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)。故選B。

【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】情節(jié)發(fā)展、目的意圖、細(xì)節(jié)理解、說明文、飲食

【答案】4.B5.D6.A

【分析】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了全日照的咖啡生產(chǎn)方式給環(huán)境和生態(tài)帶來的種種危害，呼吁人

們購(gòu)買遮蔭種植的咖啡。

［詳解］4.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Bothlocallyandglobally,thecontinuedspreadoffiill-suncoffee

plantations（種植園）couldmeanthedestructionoftherainforestecology.Thelossofshadetreesisalready

causingaslightchangeintheworld'sclimate,andstudiesshowthatlossofoxygen-givingtreesalsoleadstoair

pollutionandglobalwarming.（在當(dāng)?shù)睾腿蚍秶鷥?nèi),全日照咖啡種植園的持續(xù)擴(kuò)張可能意味著雨林生態(tài)的

破壞。遮蔭樹的減少已經(jīng)導(dǎo)致世界氣候的輕微變化，研究表明，供氧氣的樹木的減少也會(huì)導(dǎo)致空氣污染

和全球變暖）”可知，全日照咖啡的種植方式會(huì)導(dǎo)致空氣污染和全球變暖。故選B。

5.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段"Butconsumersdohaveachoice.Theycanpurchaseshade-growncoffee

wheneverpossible,althoughatahighercost.Thefuturehealthoftheplanetandmankindissurelyworthmore

thananinexpensivecupofcoffee.（但消費(fèi)者確實(shí)有選擇。只要有可能，他們可以購(gòu)買遮蔭種植的咖啡，盡

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管價(jià)格更高。地球和人類未來的健康肯定比一杯廉價(jià)的咖啡更有價(jià)值）”可推知，作者寫作本文的目的是勸

說人們購(gòu)買遮蔭種植的咖啡。故選D。

6.推理判斷題。文章第一段“Thechangeinhowcoffeeisgrownfromshade-grownproductiontofull-sun

productionendangerstheveryexistenceofcertainanimalsandbirds,andevendisturbstheworld'secological

balance.（咖啡種植方式從遮蔭生產(chǎn)轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)槿照丈a(chǎn)，這危及了某些動(dòng)物和鳥類的生存，甚至擾亂了世界

的生態(tài)平衡）”提出中心論點(diǎn)，全日照的咖啡生產(chǎn)方式帶來危害，第二段“Onalocallevel,thedamageofthe

forestrequiredbyfull-sunfieldsaffectsthearea5sbirdsandanimals.（在地方層面上，充足的陽(yáng)光場(chǎng)對(duì)森林的破

壞會(huì)影響該地區(qū)的鳥類和動(dòng)物）“、第三段"Onamoregloballevel,thedestructionoftherainforestforfull-sun

coffeefieldsalsothreatens（威脅）humanlife.（在更全球化的層面上，為全日照咖啡田而破壞雨林也威脅著人

類的生命）''以及第四段“Bothlocallyandglobally,thecontinuedspreadoffull-suncoffeeplantationscouldmean

thedestructionoftherainforestecology.（在當(dāng)?shù)睾腿蚍秶鷥?nèi)，全日照咖啡種植園的持續(xù)擴(kuò)張可能意味著雨

林生態(tài)的破壞）“從不同層面展開說明，三段為并列關(guān)系，最后一段“Itisobviousthatthewaymuchcoffeeis

grownaffectsmanyaspectsoflife,fromthelocalenvironmenttotheglobalecology.（很明顯，咖啡的種植方式

會(huì)影響生活的許多方面，從當(dāng)?shù)丨h(huán)境到全球生態(tài)）”給出結(jié)論，所以A項(xiàng)能夠體現(xiàn)文章的結(jié)構(gòu)。故選A。

二、閱讀單選（4題）

【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】現(xiàn)代技術(shù)、細(xì)節(jié)理解、觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度、議論文

【答案】7.A8.D9.D10.C

【分析】本文是一篇議論文。作者在文中探討了人工智能的最新發(fā)展所帶來的焦慮和人類的應(yīng)對(duì)辦法。

【詳解】7.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“YetpeoplearerespondingasthoughAIisjustonemorescarynew

technology,likeelectricityorcarsoncewere.Weinventedit,theargumentgoes,soweshouldbeabletomanage

itforourownbenefit.Notso.Ibelievethatthissituationisnewandpotentiallydangerous.（然而，人們的反應(yīng)彳以

乎是，人工智能只不過是又一項(xiàng)可怕的新技術(shù)，就像曾經(jīng)的電力或汽車一樣。這種觀點(diǎn)認(rèn)為，我們發(fā)明

了它，所以我們應(yīng)該能夠?yàn)榱俗约旱睦鎭砉芾硭?。不是這樣的。我認(rèn)為這種情況是新的，而且有潛在

的危險(xiǎn)。廠可知，人們認(rèn)為人工智能與曾經(jīng)的電力或汽車一樣，不會(huì)給人類帶來威脅，但作者并不贊成這

一觀點(diǎn)。故選A項(xiàng)。

8.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段"Butgenesaren'ttheonlyreplicator,asRichardDawkinsstressedinTheSelfish

Gene.Peoplecopyhabits,stories,words,technologiesandsongs;wechange,recombineandpassthemoninever

greatervariety.Thissecondreplicator,evolvingmuchfasterthangenesevercould,Dawkinscalledmemes（模仿

傳遞行為）一andtheyareselfishtoo.（但正如理查德?道金斯在《自私的基因》中強(qiáng)調(diào)的那樣，基因并不是

唯一的復(fù)制因子。人們復(fù)制習(xí)慣、故事、文字、技術(shù)和歌曲；我們改變、重組并以更大的變化將它們傳

遞下去。第二種復(fù)制因子，進(jìn)化得比基因快得多，道金斯稱之為模因——它們也很自私。戶可知，理查

德?道金斯認(rèn)為基因和模因都很很自私。所以他會(huì)贊同“基因和模因有一個(gè)共同的特征”這一說法。故選D

項(xiàng)。

9.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Wealreadycopewithfast-evolvingparasitessuchasvirusesbyusingour

immunesystems,machinesandvaccines.Now,weneedtobuildourcollectivementalimmunity,ourcritical

thinkingandourabilitytoprotectourattentionfromallthatselfishinformation.Takinglessonsfromevolution,

wecanstopimaginingwearethecontrollersofouraccidentallydangerousoffspringandstartlearninghowto

livewiththem.（我們已經(jīng)通過免疫系統(tǒng)、機(jī)器和疫苗來應(yīng)對(duì)病毒等快速進(jìn)化的寄生物。現(xiàn)在，我們需要建

立我們的集體精神免疫力，我們的批判性思維和我們保護(hù)我們的注意力不受所有自私信息影響的能力。

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從進(jìn)化中吸取教訓(xùn)，我們可以停止想象我們是我們意外危險(xiǎn)后代的控制者，并開始學(xué)習(xí)如何與他們相

處。廠可推知，作者認(rèn)為人類可以從過去戰(zhàn)勝寄生物的經(jīng)歷中總結(jié)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，從人類的進(jìn)化過程中吸取教訓(xùn)，

用來指導(dǎo)未來的行動(dòng)，來應(yīng)對(duì)人工智能這種新的威脅。所以，從最后一段中可以推出“過去的經(jīng)驗(yàn)與未來

的行動(dòng)有關(guān)。故選D項(xiàng)。

10.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Wehumansareintrouble.Wehaveletlooseanewevolutionaryprocessthat

wedon,tunderstandandcan'tcontrol.（我們?nèi)祟愑新闊┝?。我們已?jīng)釋放了一個(gè)我們不理解也無法控制的新

的進(jìn)化過程。）“、第二段中“Weinventedit,theargumentgoes,soweshouldbeabletomanageitforourown

benefit.Notso.Ibelievethatthissituationisnewandpotentiallydangerous.（這種觀點(diǎn)認(rèn)為，我們發(fā)明了它，

所以我們應(yīng)該能夠?yàn)榱俗约旱睦鎭?/p>