2025年托?？荚囬喿x真題模擬模擬試卷：生物多樣性保護生態(tài)修復考試時間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______一、選詞填空閱讀下面的短文，其中有10處空白，每處空白有6個選項，請根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容選擇合適的選項，使文章意思完整、通順。每個選項只能使用一次。Theconceptofbiodiversityhasfascinatedscientistsfordecades,andunderstandingitsintricateconnectionsiscrucialforthehealthofourplanet.BiodiversityreferstothevarietyoflifeonEarth,encompassingalllivingorganismsfrommicroorganismstoecosystems.Itplaysavitalroleinmaintainingecologicalbalance,providingessentialserviceslikepollination,soilformation,andclimateregulation.However,humanactivitieshaveledtoasignificantlossofbiodiversity,posingseriousthreatstotheenvironment.Conservationeffortsareessentialtoprotectthisinvaluablenaturalheritage.Theseeffortsincludeestablishingprotectedareas,implementingsustainablepractices,andraisingpublicawareness.Bypreservingbiodiversity,wecanensureahealthier,moreresilientplanetforfuturegenerations.1.A)diversityB)complexityC)varietyD)richnessE)complexityF)variation2.A)decadesB)yearsC)centuriesD)millenniaE)erasF)periods3.A)intricateB)complexC)complicatedD)intricateE)convolutedF)intricate4.A)varietyB)rangeC)diversityD)assortmentE)selectionF)collection5.A)organismsB)beingsC)lifeD)creaturesE)entitiesF)entities6.A)ecosystemsB)habitatsC)environmentsD)systemsE)domainsF)regions7.A)balanceB)harmonyC)equilibriumD)stabilityE)coherenceF)uniformity8.A)servicesB)functionsC)rolesD)utilitiesE)benefitsF)purposes9.A)activitiesB)actionsC)practicesD)operationsE)processesF)functions10.A)heritageB)legacyC)inheritanceD)inheritanceE)patrimonyF)tradition二、閱讀理解閱讀下面的三篇短文，每篇短文后面都有若干個問題，請根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答問題，選擇最合適的答案。Passage1TheAmazonrainforestisoftenreferredtoasthe"lungsoftheEarth"duetoitssignificantroleinproducingoxygenandabsorbingcarbondioxide.Thisvastecosystemishometoanincrediblearrayofplantandanimalspecies,manyofwhicharefoundnowhereelseontheplanet.However,therainforestisfacingunprecedentedthreatsfromdeforestation,climatechange,andpollution.Deforestation,primarilydrivenbylogging,agriculture,andmining,hasledtothedestructionofhabitatsandthedisplacementofindigenouscommunities.Climatechangeexacerbatestheseissuesbyalteringrainfallpatternsandincreasingthefrequencyofwildfires.Pollution,especiallyfromagriculturalrunoffandindustrialwaste,furtherdegradestheecosystem.Tomitigatethesethreats,conservationistsareworkingonvariousinitiatives,includingreforestationprojects,sustainableland-useplanning,andcommunity-basedconservationprograms.TheseeffortsarecrucialtopreservetheAmazon'sbiodiversityanditsessentialecologicalfunctions.1.WhatistheprimaryfunctionoftheAmazonrainforest?A)Itprovidesasourceoftimberandminerals.B)Itgeneratesasignificantportionoftheworld'soxygen.C)Itservesasamajoragriculturalhub.D)Ithoststhemajorityoftheworld'shumanpopulation.2.WhatarethemaincausesofdeforestationintheAmazon?A)Urbanizationandinfrastructuredevelopment.B)Logging,agriculture,andmining.C)Tourismandrecreationalactivities.D)Naturaldisastersandclimatechange.3.HowdoesclimatechangeaffecttheAmazonrainforest?A)Itleadstoincreasedrainfallandflooding.B)Italtersrainfallpatternsandincreaseswildfirefrequency.C)Itresultsinadecreaseintemperaturesandsnowfall.D)Itpromotesthegrowthofdrought-resistantplants.4.WhataresomeoftheconservationinitiativesbeingimplementedintheAmazon?A)Large-scaleloggingoperationsandresourceextraction.B)Reforestationprojectsandsustainableland-useplanning.C)Industrialdevelopmentandinfrastructureexpansion.D)Urbanplanningandrealestatedevelopment.Passage2CoralreefsareamongthemostdiverseandproductiveecosystemsonEarth,oftenreferredtoasthe"rainforestsofthesea."Theyarebuiltbytinyorganismscalledcoralpolypsandprovidehabitatsforawiderangeofmarinelife,includingfish,turtles,andsharks.However,coralreefsarefacingseverethreatsfromoceanacidification,risingseatemperatures,andpollution.Oceanacidification,causedbytheabsorptionofexcesscarbondioxide,makesitharderforcoralstobuildtheirskeletons.Risingseatemperaturesleadtocoralbleaching,aphenomenonwherecoralslosetheirvibrantcolorsandbecomemoresusceptibletodiseases.Pollution,particularlyfromplasticwasteandchemicalrunoff,furtherharmsthesedelicateecosystems.Toaddressthesechallenges,scientistsandconservationistsareworkingoninnovativesolutions,suchasartificialreefs,coralrestorationprojects,andreducingcarbonemissions.Theseeffortsareessentialtoprotectcoralreefsandthemyriadspeciesthatdependonthem.1.Whatistheprimarycharacteristicofcoralreefs?A)Theyareprimarilyfoundinfreshwaterenvironments.B)Theyarecomposedofrockandmineralstructures.C)Theyarebuiltbycoralpolypsandsupportdiversemarinelife.D)Theyareformedbyvolcanicactivityandunderwatermountains.2.Whatarethemainthreatstocoralreefs?A)Overfishingandhabitatdestruction.B)Oceanacidification,risingseatemperatures,andpollution.C)Naturaldisastersandseismicactivity.D)Climatechangeandlandreclamation.3.Howdoesoceanacidificationaffectcoralreefs?A)Itincreasesthegrowthrateofcorals.B)Itmakesitharderforcoralstobuildtheirskeletons.C)Itenhancesthecolorationofcorals.D)Itstrengthensthecoralskeletons.4.Whataresomeoftheinnovativesolutionsbeingproposedtoprotectcoralreefs?A)Large-scalefishingoperationsandresourceexploitation.B)Artificialreefs,coralrestorationprojects,andreducingcarbonemissions.C)Urbandevelopmentandinfrastructureexpansion.D)Tourismandrecreationalactivities.Passage3Migratorybirdsareafascinatingexampleoftheinterconnectednessofecosystemsandtheimportanceofbiodiversity.Thesebirdstravellongdistancesacrosscontinentsandoceans,oftenreturningtothesamebreedinggroundsyearafteryear.Theirmigrationpatternsareinfluencedbyfactorssuchasclimate,foodavailability,andhabitatquality.However,migratorybirdsarefacingnumerouschallenges,includinghabitatloss,climatechange,andpollution.Habitatloss,primarilyduetodeforestationandurbanization,reducestheareaswherebirdscanfeedandbreed.Climatechangealtersthetimingofseasonalevents,suchasfloweringandinsectemergence,whichcandisruptthebirds'feedingpatterns.Pollution,especiallyfrompesticidesandindustrialwaste,canharmbirdsdirectlyorindirectlythroughcontaminatedfoodsources.Toprotectmigratorybirds,conservationistsareworkingonvariousstrategies,includinghabitatrestoration,wildlifecorridors,andpubliceducationcampaigns.Theseeffortsarecrucialtoensurethesurvivaloftheseremarkablecreaturesandtheecosystemstheydependon.1.Whatisakeycharacteristicofmigratorybirds?A)Theyareprimarilyfoundinfreshwaterenvironments.B)Theytravellongdistancesacrosscontinentsandoceans.C)Theyaresedentaryanddonotmovefromtheirbirthplaces.D)Theyareprimarilynocturnalandactiveatnight.2.Whatarethemainchallengesfacedbymigratorybirds?A)Overfishingandhabitatdestruction.B)Habitatloss,climatechange,andpollution.C)Naturaldisastersandseismicactivity.D)Climatechangeandlandreclamation.3.Howdoeshabitatlossaffectmigratorybirds?A)Itincreasestheavailablebreedinggrounds.B)Itreducestheareaswherebirdscanfeedandbreed.C)Itenhancesthediversityofbirdspecies.D)Itimprovesthequalityoffoodsources.4.Whataresomeofthestrategiesbeingusedtoprotectmigratorybirds?A)Large-scalehuntingoperationsandresourceexploitation.B)Habitatrestoration,wildlifecorridors,andpubliceducationcampaigns.C)Urbandevelopmentandinfrastructureexpansion.D)Tourismandrecreationalactivities.三、句子匹配下面的短文中有10個句子，后面列出了15個句子片段，請將短文中的句子與句子片段進行匹配，每個句子片段只能使用一次。Thelossofbiodiversityhasfar-reachingconsequencesfortheplanet.Itdisruptsecosystems,reducesgeneticdiversity,anddiminishestheservicesthatnatureprovides.Ecosystemsarecomplexnetworksofinteractingspecies,andtheirdegradationcanleadtocascadingeffects.Geneticdiversityisessentialfortheresilienceofspecies,enablingthemtoadapttochangingenvironments.Natureprovidesnumerousservices,includingpollination,waterpurification,andclimateregulation,whicharevitalforhumanwell-being.Humanactivities,suchasdeforestationandpollution,aremajordriversofbiodiversityloss.Deforestationdestroyshabitats,leadingtothedisplacementofwildlife.Pollution,particularlyfromindustrialandagriculturalsources,contaminatesecosystemsandharmslivingorganisms.Conservationeffortsarecrucialtomitigatetheseimpactsandprotecttheplanet'snaturalheritage.Theseeffortsincludeprotectinghabitats,implementingsustainablepractices,andraisingpublicawarenessabouttheimportanceofbiodiversity.1.A)Ecosystemsarecomplexnetworksofinteractingspecies,andtheirdegradationcanleadtocascadingeffects.2.B)Geneticdiversityisessentialfortheresilienceofspecies,enablingthemtoadapttochangingenvironments.3.C)Natureprovidesnumerousservices,includingpollination,waterpurification,andclimateregulation,whicharevitalforhumanwell-being.4.D)Humanactivities,suchasdeforestationandpollution,aremajordriversofbiodiversityloss.5.E)Deforestationdestroyshabitats,leadingtothedisplacementofwildlife.6.F)Pollution,particularlyfromindustrialandagriculturalsources,contaminatesecosystemsandharmslivingorganisms.7.G)Conservationeffortsarecrucialtomitigatetheseimpactsandprotecttheplanet'snaturalheritage.8.H)Thelossofbiodiversityhasfar-reachingconsequencesfortheplanet.9.I)Theseeffortsincludeprotectinghabitats,implementingsustainablepractices,andraisingpublicawarenessabouttheimportanceofbiodiversity.10.J)Itdisruptsecosystems,reducesgeneticdiversity,anddiminishestheservicesthatnatureprovides.四、填空題閱讀下面的短文，其中有10處空白，每處空白有6個選項，請根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容選擇合適的選項，使文章意思完整、通順。每個選項只能使用一次。Biodiversityisthefoundationofecologicalstabilityandhumanwell-being.Itencompassesthevarietyoflifeforms,frommicroorganismstoecosystems,andplaysacriticalroleinmaintainingthebalanceofnature.Thelossofbiodiversitycanhavesevereconsequences,includingecosystemcollapseandthedisruptionofessentialservices.Ecosystemsaredynamicandinterconnected,andtheirhealthdependsonthepresenceofdiversespecies.Thesespeciesinteractincomplexways,formingintricatefoodwebsandecologicalrelationships.Humanactivities,suchashabitatdestruction,pollution,andclimatechange,areprimarydriversofbiodiversityloss.Habitatdestruction,causedbydeforestation,urbanization,andagriculture,reducestheareaswherespeciescanliveandthrive.Pollution,fromindustrialandagriculturalsources,contaminatessoil,water,andair,harminglivingorganisms.Climatechangealterstemperatureandprecipitationpatterns,affectingthedistributionandabundanceofspecies.Conservationeffortsareessentialtoaddressthesechallengesandprotectbiodiversity.Theseeffortsincludeestablishingprotectedareas,implementingsustainablepractices,andfosteringpublicawarenessabouttheimportanceofbiodiversity.Bypreservingbiodiversity,wecanensureahealthier,moreresilientplanetforfuturegenerations.1.A)foundationB)basisC)cornerstoneD)premiseE)frameworkF)ground2.A)formsB)typesC)varietiesD)speciesE)organismsF)life3.A)ecosystemsB)habitatsC)environmentsD)systemsE)domainsF)regions4.A)consequencesB)effectsC)impactsD)outcomesE)repercussionsF)results5.A)collapseB)failureC)breakdownD)collapseE)disintegrationF)collapse6.A)ecosystemsB)habitatsC)environmentsD)systemsE)domainsF)regions7.A)activitiesB)actionsC)practicesD)operationsE)processesF)functions8.A)deforestationB)urbanizationC)agricultureD)miningE)loggingF)construction9.A)pollutionB)contaminationC)defilementD)dirtE)grimeF)filth10.A)effortsB)initiativesC)measuresD)actionsE)strategiesF)programs五、簡答題閱讀下面的短文，然后回答問題。TheGreatBarrierReef,locatedoffthecoastofQueensland,Australia,istheworld'slargestcoralreefsystem.Itiscomposedofover2,900individualreefsand900islands,stretchingforover2,300kilometers.Thereefishometoanincrediblediversityofmarinelife,includingcorals,fish,turtles,sharks,andrays.However,theGreatBarrierReefisfacingsignificantthreatsfromclimatechange,oceanacidification,andpollution.Risingseatemperaturesleadtocoralbleaching,aphenomenonwherecoralslosetheirvibrantcolorsandbecomemoresusceptibletodiseases.Oceanacidification,causedbytheabsorptionofexcesscarbondioxide,makesitharderforcoralstobuildtheirskeletons.Pollution,particularlyfromplasticwasteandchemicalrunoff,furtherharmsthereef.ToprotecttheGreatBarrierReef,scientistsandconservationistsareworkingonvariousinitiatives,includingreducingcarbonemissions,restoringdamagedreefs,andimplementingsustainablefishingpractices.Theseeffortsarecrucialtoensurethesurvivalofthisiconicecosystemandthemyriadspeciesthatdependonit.1.WhatistheGreatBarrierReef?2.HowdoesclimatechangeaffecttheGreatBarrierReef?3.Whatisoceanacidification,andhowdoesitimpacttheGreatBarrierReef?4.WhataresomeoftheinitiativesbeingproposedtoprotecttheGreatBarrierReef?5.WhyistheprotectionoftheGreatBarrierReefimportant?本次試卷答案如下一、選詞填空1.C)variety解析：這里的語境是介紹生物多樣性的概念，強調(diào)的是地球上所有生物形式的多樣性，所以用“variety”最合適，表示種類繁多。2.A)decades解析：文中有提到“科學家們數(shù)十年來對生物多樣性的概念著迷”，所以用“decades”表示幾十年，符合語境。3.B)complex解析：文中的“理解其錯綜復雜的聯(lián)系對于地球的健康至關重要”，這里用“complex”表示復雜的聯(lián)系，符合語境。4.A)variety解析：這里再次強調(diào)生物多樣性的概念，指的是地球上所有生物形式的多樣性，所以用“variety”最合適。5.A)organisms解析：文中提到“生物多樣性包括從微生物到生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的所有生物”，所以用“organisms”表示生物體，符合語境。6.D)systems解析：文中的“生態(tài)系統(tǒng)是地球上海拔最高的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)”，這里用“systems”表示系統(tǒng)，符合語境。7.A)balance解析：文中有提到“生物多樣性在維持生態(tài)平衡中起著至關重要的作用”，所以用“balance”表示平衡，符合語境。8.B)functions解析：文中的“生物多樣性提供基本服務，如授粉、土壤形成和氣候調(diào)節(jié)”，這里用“functions”表示功能，符合語境。9.C)practices解析：文中有提到“人類活動導致了生物多樣性的顯著喪失”，這里用“practices”表示行為，符合語境。10.B)legacy解析：文中有提到“保護生物多樣性是為了確保我們的后代有一個更健康、更具彈性的星球”，所以用“l(fā)egacy”表示遺產(chǎn)，符合語境。二、閱讀理解Passage11.B)Itgeneratesasignificantportionoftheworld'soxygen.解析：文中提到“亞馬遜雨林常被稱為地球的‘肺’，因為它在產(chǎn)生氧氣和吸收二氧化碳方面發(fā)揮著重要作用”，所以用“generatesasignificantportionoftheworld'soxygen”表示產(chǎn)生大量氧氣，符合語境。2.B)Logging,agriculture,andmining.解析：文中提到“亞馬遜雨林正面臨來自伐木、農(nóng)業(yè)和采礦的砍伐”，所以用“l(fā)ogging,agriculture,andmining”表示這些是主要原因，符合語境。3.B)Italtersrainfallpatternsandincreasesthefrequencyofwildfires.解析：文中提到“氣候變化加劇了這些問題，改變了降雨模式，增加了野火的發(fā)生頻率”，所以用“altersrainfallpatternsandincreasesthefrequencyofwildfires”表示這些影響，符合語境。4.B)Reforestationprojectsandsustainableland-useplanning.解析：文中提到“為了減輕這些威脅，保護主義者正在開展各種倡議，包括重新造林項目和可持續(xù)土地利用規(guī)劃”，所以用“reforestationprojectsandsustainableland-useplanning”表示這些倡議，符合語境。Passage21.C)Theyarebuiltbycoralpolypsandprovidehabitatsforawiderangeofmarinelife,includingfish,turtles,andsharks.解析：文中提到“珊瑚礁是由微小的珊瑚蟲建造的，為各種各樣的海洋生物提供了棲息地，包括魚類、海龜和鯊魚”，所以用“builtbycoralpolypsandprovidehabitatsforawiderangeofmarinelife”表示這些特征，符合語境。2.B)Oceanacidification,risingseatemperatures,andpollution.解析：文中提到“珊瑚礁正面臨來自海洋酸化、海水溫度上升和污染的嚴重威脅”，所以用“oceanacidification,risingseatemperatures,andpollution”表示這些威脅，符合語境。3.B)Itmakesitharderforcoralstobuildtheirskeletons.解析：文中提到“海洋酸化，由二氧化碳的吸收引起，使珊瑚建造骨骼更加困難”，所以用“makesitharderforcoralstobuildtheirskeletons”表示這些影響，符合語境。4.B)Artificialreefs,coralrestorationprojects,andreducingcarbonemissions.解析：文中提到“科學家和保護主義者正在提出各種創(chuàng)新解決方案，如人工珊瑚礁、珊瑚恢復項目和減少碳排放”，所以用“artificialreefs,coralrestorationprojects,andreducingcarbonemissions”表示這些解決方案，符合語境。Passage31.B)Theytravellongdistancesacrosscontinentsandoceans.解析：文中提到“候鳥是地球生態(tài)系統(tǒng)相互聯(lián)系和生物多樣性的一個有趣例子，這些鳥兒跨越大陸和海洋進行長途旅行”，所以用“travellongdistancesacrosscontinentsandoceans”表示這些特征，符合語境。2.B)Habitatloss,climatechange,andpollution.解析：文中提到“候鳥正面臨棲息地喪失、氣候變化和污染的眾多挑戰(zhàn)”，所以用“habitatloss,climatechange,andpollution”表示這些挑戰(zhàn)，符合語境。3.B)Itreducestheareaswherebirdscanfeedandbreed.解析：文中提到“棲息地喪失，主要由于森林砍伐和城市化，減少了鳥類可以覓食和繁殖的地區(qū)”，所以用“reducestheareaswherebirdscanfeedandbreed”表示這些影響，符合語境。4.B)Habitatrestoration,wildlifecorridors,andpubliceducationcampaigns.解析：文中提到“為了保護候鳥，保護主義者正在制定各種策略，包括棲息地恢復、野生動物走廊和公眾教育運動”，所以用“habitatrestoration,wildlifecorridors,andpubliceducationcampaigns”表示這些策略，符合語境。三、句子匹配1.H)Thelossofbiodiversityhasfar-reachingconsequencesfortheplanet.解析：這里的語境是介紹生物多樣性喪失的后果，所以用“Thelossofbiodiversityhasfar-reachingconsequencesfortheplanet”表示這些后果，符合語境。2.J)Itdisruptsecosystems,reducesgeneticdiversity,anddiminishestheservicesthatnatureprovides.解析：文中有提到“生物多樣性喪失的后果包括破壞生態(tài)系統(tǒng)、減少遺傳多樣性和減少自然提供的服務”，所以用“Itdisruptsecosystems,reducesgeneticdiversity,anddiminishestheservicesthatnatureprovides”表示這些后果，符合語境。3.C)Natureprovidesnumerousservices,includingpollination,waterpurification,andclimateregulation,whicharevitalforhumanwell-being.解析：文中有提到“自然提供了許多服務，包括授粉、水凈化和氣候調(diào)節(jié)，這些對人類福祉至關重要”，所以用“Natureprovidesnumerousservices,includingpollination,waterpurification,andclimateregulation,whicharevitalforhumanwell-being”表示這些服務，符合語境。4.D)Humanactivities,suchasdeforestationandpollution,aremajordriversofbiodiversityloss.解析：文中有提到“人類活動，如森林砍伐和污染，是生物多樣性喪失的主要驅動因素”，所以用“Humanactivities,suchasdeforestationandpollution,aremajordriversofbiodiversityloss”表示這些活動，符合語境。5.E)Deforestationdestroyshabitats,leadingtothedisplacementofwildlife.解析：文中有提到“森林砍伐破壞了棲息地，導致野生動物的遷移”，所以用“Deforestationdestroyshabitats,leadingtothedisplacementofwildlife”表示這些影響，符合語境。6.F)Pollution,particularlyfromindustrialandagriculturalsources,contaminatesecosystemsandharmslivingorganisms.解析：文中有提到“污染，尤其是來自工業(yè)和農(nóng)業(yè)的污染，污染了生態(tài)系統(tǒng)并傷害了生物體”，所以用“Pollution,particularlyfromindustrialandagriculturalsources,contaminatesecosystemsandharmslivingorganisms”表示這些影響，符合語境。7.G)Conservationeffortsarecrucialtomitigatetheseimpactsandprotecttheplanet'snaturalheritage.解析：文中有提到“保護工作對于減輕這些影響和保護地球的自然遺產(chǎn)至關重要”，所以用“Conservationeffortsarecrucialtomitigatetheseimpactsandprotecttheplanet'snaturalheritage”表示這些工作，符合語境。8.A)foundation解析：文中有提到“生物多樣性是生態(tài)穩(wěn)定和人類福祉的基礎”，所以用“foundation”表示基礎，符合語境。9.I)Theseeffortsincludeprotectinghabitats,implementingsustainablepractices,andraisingpublicawarenessabouttheimportanceofbiodiversity.解析：文中有提到“這些工作包括保護棲息地、實施可持續(xù)實踐和提高公眾對生物多樣性重要性的認識”，所以用“Theseeffortsincludeprotectinghabitats,implementingsustainablepractices,andraisingpublicawarenessabouttheimportanceofbiodiversity”表示這些工作，符合語境。10.B)basis解析：文中有提到“生物多樣性是生態(tài)穩(wěn)定和人類福祉的基礎”，所以用“basis”表示基礎，符合語境。四、填空題1.A)foundation解析：文中有提到“生物多樣性是生態(tài)穩(wěn)定和人類福祉的基礎”，所以用“foundation”表示基礎，符合語境。2.A)forms解析：文中有提到“生物多樣性包括從微生物到生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的所有生物形式”，所以用“forms”表示形式，符合語境。3.C)ecosystems解析：文中有提到“生態(tài)系統(tǒng)是動態(tài)的和相互關聯(lián)的，它們的健康取決于多種生物的存在”，所以用“ecosystems”表示生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，符合語境。4.A)consequences解析：文中有提到“生物多樣性喪失的后果可以嚴重，包括生態(tài)系統(tǒng)崩潰和基本服務的破壞”，所以用“consequences”表示后果，符合語境。5.B)failure解析：文中有提到“生物多樣性喪失的后果可以嚴重，包括生態(tài)系統(tǒng)崩潰和基本服務的破壞”，所以用“failure”表示失敗，符合語境。6.D)systems解析：文中有提到“生態(tài)系統(tǒng)是動態(tài)的和相互關聯(lián)的，它們的健康取決于多種生物的存在”，所以用“systems”表示系統(tǒng)，符合語境。7.C)practices解析：文中有提到“人類活動，如森林砍伐和污染，是生物多樣性喪失的主要驅動因素”，所以用“practices”表示實踐，符合語境。8.A)deforestation解析：文中有提到“森林砍伐破壞了棲息地，導致野生動物的遷移”，所以用“deforestation”表示森林砍伐，符合語境。9.A)pollution解析：文中有提到“污染，尤其是來自工業(yè)和農(nóng)業(yè)的污染，污染了生態(tài)系統(tǒng)并傷害了生物體”，所以用“pollution”表示污染，符合語境。10.E)strategies解析：文中有提到“保護工作對于減輕這些影響和保護地球的自然遺產(chǎn)至關重要”，所以用“strategies”表示策略，符合語境。五、簡答題1.TheGreatBarrierReefistheworld'slargestcoralreefsystem,locatedoffthecoastofQueensland,Australia.Itiscomposedofover2,900individualreefsand900islands,stretchingforover2,300kilometers.解析：文中有提到“TheGreat