2022屆上海市高三下學期5月英語模擬測試卷04考生注意：考試時間120分鐘，試卷滿分140分。本考試設(shè)試卷和答題紙兩部分。所有答題必須涂（選擇題）或?qū)懀ǚ沁x擇題）在答題紙上，做在試卷上一律不得分。答題前，務(wù)必在答題紙上填寫準考證號和姓名，并將核對后的條形碼貼在指定位置上，在答題紙反面清楚地填寫姓名。I.ListeningComprehensionSectionAShortConversationsDirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.A.Ataspecialparty. B.Atahair-dressingsalon.

C.Atanightclub. D.Atafashionshow.2.A.Finland. B.Egypt. C.Mexico. D.Zambia.3.A.Camping. B.Travelling. C.Sporting. D.Shopping.4.A.SheisalsoafanofArgentina. B.Sheisalsoworkingveryhard.

C.ShelovesAmericanfootballsomuch. D.SheworksfortheWorldCup.5.A.Shethrewsomethingatatruck. B.Shethrewherselfoutofwindowandbrokeherleg.

C.Shemovedatrucktosavealittleboy. D.Sherushedtoamovingtrucktosaveakid.6.A.Theyplannedtogoskiingintherain. B.Theyjustwanttograbthechance.

C.Theywillprobablychangetheirmind. D.They’llgoskiingevenintherain.7.A.Lisalikesthemessysituation. B.Lisamadethemess.

C.HeandLisaaresettlingaproblem. D.Lisalikesthenewplace.8.A.Theladyshouldstopbeingpatient. B.Hecan’tunderstandthelady’sfeeling.

C.Theladyshouldnotblameothers. D.Nobodymaybeinterestedinherproblem.9.A.CertaingiftfromHawaii. B.Agrandweddingparty.

C.TwoplaneticketstoHawaii. D.Apictureofthemoon.10.A.Theywenttoseeamovie. B.Thedancersimpressedthemboth.

C.Thewomanisalsoadancer. D.Themaninvitedtheladytotheshow.SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillhearseverallongerconversation(s)andshortpassage(s),andyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachoftheconversation(s)andthepassage(s).Theconversation(s)andthepassage(s)willbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.A.Aircraftdesign. B.Mathematics. C.Engineering. D.Science.A.40. B.14. C.4. D.0.A.Shestucktostudyingengineeringatcollege.

B.Sheaddressedtostudentsathighschoolsandcolleges.

C.Shetriedtopersuadewomennottodoengineeringforitshardwork.

D.Sheresearcheddefensesystemsofsatellitesandrockets.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.A.TheSouthAtlanticOcean. B.ThecoastofSouthAmerica.

C.Africancontinent. D.ThecoastofAngola.A.Hestudiesthesimilaritiesbetweenancientandmodernanimals.

B.Hediscoverstheremainsofancientseaanimalsonthecoast.

C.HestudiesthecauseofseparationofSouthAmericaandAfrica.

D.Hehelpsdothearrangementoftheancientanimalremainsinamuseum.A.Becausetheremainswereexposedonthecoast.

B.Becausetheseanimalsusedtoliveclosetoeachotherinoneplace.

C.Becausetheseanimalsweredriventooneplaceandkilled.

D.Becausetheseanimalswerealleatenbyonelarge,fierceancientseaanimal.Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.A.Asavingaccountinasinglename. B.Asavingaccountinjointnames.

C.Acheckingaccountinasinglename. D.Acheckingaccountinjointnames.A.4. B.3 C.2 D.1A.Theladyandherbrothersorsisters. B.Thelady’sparents.

C.Theladyandherfather. D.Theladyandhermother.A.Identificationpaper,photograph,aletterofintroductionandsomemoney.

B.Identificationpaper,someclarifications,aletterofintroductionandsomemoney.

C.Aletterofintroduction,photographs,acheckbookandsomemoney.

D.Drivinglicense,identificationpaper,photos,andaletterofintroduction.II.GrammarandvocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.Anewlydiscoveredteaplantiscaffeine-freeTheworldlovesteaandsome3mtonsofteaareconsumedeveryyear.Teacanbegoodforhealth,asitcontainscompoundsthathelptolowercholesterol（膽固醇）andreducetheriskofheartdisease.Butthereisadownside.Teacontainscaffeinewhich,(21)_____itimprovesmentalalertness,canalsocauseanxiety,insomniaandotherproblems.(22)_____wouldbeagreeableisthatateaplantthatprovidesallthetasteandgoodnessbutwithlittleor(23)_____ofthecaffeinehasbeenfound.LiangChenandJi-QiangJinoftheTeaResearchInstituteoftheChineseAcademyofAgriculturalScienceshavediscoveredjustsuchaplant(24)_____(grow)wildinaremoteareainFujianprovince,southernChina.(25)_____theyreportintheJournalofAgriculturalandFoodChemistry,notonlyistheteaplantnaturallycaffeine-freebutitalsocontainsanumberofuniquemedicinalcompoundsthat,thelocalsbelieve,offerconsiderablehealthbenefits.(26)_____(know)locallyasHongyacha,thenewlydiscoveredplantgrowsonlybetween700and1,000metres(27)_____sealevelaroundahandfulofChinesevillages.Nowtheresearchers(28)_____(explore)methodstoprotectHongyachainitsnaturalhabitatwhilefurtherstudiesarecarriedout.Itcantaketime—andsometimesitdoesnotwork—fornewplantvarieties(29)_____(breed)forcommercialuse.Apairofnaturallycaffeine-freecoffeeplantswerediscoveredin2003,butlittleprogress(30)_____(report).TeaenthusiastswillbewatchingHongyachawithinterest.Andotherswillwonderwhatelseisoutthere.SectionBDirections:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.coupledB.currentlyC.headD.depressingE.productF.target

G.suggestH.capabilityI.scoreJ.potentiallyK.trickyWanttofigureoutifsomeoneisapsychopath(精神變態(tài)者)?Askthemwhattheirfavouritesongis.ANewYorkUniversitystudylastyearfoundthatpeoplewholovedEminem’sLoseYourselfandJustinBieber’sWhatDoYouMean?weremorelikelyto(31)highlyonthepsychopathyscalethanpeoplewhowereintoDireStraits.Overthepastfewyears,Spotifyhasbeenenhancingitsdataanalytic(32)inanattempttohelpmarketers(33)consumerswithadvertstailoredtothemoodthey’rein.Theyinferthisfromthesortofmusicyou’relisteningto,(34)withwhereandwhenyou’relisteningtoit,alongwiththird-partydatathatmightbeavailable.Now,tobeclear,there’snothingparticularly(35)aboutwhatSpotifyisdoingwithyourdata.Icertainlydon’tthinkthattheyareworkingwithshadowyconsultingfirmstoserveyouadspromotingaculturewarwhileyou’relisteningtothesongsthat(36)youmightbeinacasuallyracistmood.Nevertheless,Ifindit(37)thatourpersonalprivatemomentswithmusicareincreasinglybeingturnedintodatapointsandsoldtoadvertisers.Youcanseewherethiscouldgo,can’tyou?Asadtargetinggetsevermorecomplicated,marketerswillhavetheabilitytotargetouremotionsin(38)exploitativeways.Accordingtoonestudy,titledMiseryIsNotMiserly,youaremorelikelytospendmoreona(39)ifyou’refeelingsad.Youcanimaginesomecompaniesmighttakeadvantageofthat.Andonthatnote,I’mfeelingalittledownaboutallthis.I’ll(40)offtotreatmyselftosomethingexpensive.Ⅲ.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections：ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagestherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,C,andD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.KeepingTheTapsRunninginThirstyCitiesWatercovers71%ofEarth’ssurfaceyetonly2%ofitisaccessibleasasourceoffreshwater.___41___onthislimitedresourcesisrising,atrendlikelytocontinue.Itisimportanttorecognizethatitisnotjustcityresidentswho___42___water.Agriculture,industryandtourismoftenrequiremorewaterthanthemunicipalwatersupply.Globally,70%offreshwateris___43___foragriculture,butlocallyinheavilyirrigated（灌溉）areasthiscanincreateto90%.Ahealthyenvironmentalsorequiresfreshwater,andthequalityofavailablewaterisasimportantasits___44___.Waterstressisnotalwayscausedbyphysicalshortagesindryareas.___45___forwaterresourcesbetweendifferentuserswithinrivercatchmentsorbasinscanalsobeacause.Everythirstycityoperateswithinitsowncontext,___46___tothechallengeofprovidingadequatewatersupplies.CapeTown,___47___,hasfacedthreeyearsofdroughtduringwhichwinterrainsfailedtomaterialize.Attheendofthe2017rainyseasonthecityfacedthe___48___ofitsdamsrunningdryduring2018.Thedamswereonly37%full—inthesameweekfouryearsbeforetheywerefulltothetop.InJanuary2018,itwas___49___thatCapeTownwouldreachDayZero,whenitwouldbeforcedtoturnoffthetaps,inApril.Thiswasdespitethecityreducingitswaterusebymorethanhalf,from1.2billionlitresadayin2015tofewerthan600millionlitres,andworking___50___withindustryandagriculturetoreducedemand.OnFebruary1,theauthoritiesputinplaceastrictlimitof50litresofwaterperpersonperday.___51___,inBritainthisisconsideredenoughforafive-minuteshowerofhalfawashingmachinecycleonfullload.Inaddition,abanwasplacedonusing___52___waterforgardens,watermanagementdeviceswereinstalledathouseholdwithahighwateruseandthewaterpressurewasreducedtocutdemandandleaks.Atthesame,thecitylaunchedamedia___53___tochangehabitsandintroducedhigherduties.Thisisnotwithoutitscosts;agricultureandtourism,bothsignificantareasofemployment,have___54___.Itisaclassicexampleoftheproblemofwatereconomics-thecostofwaterislowbutthecostofalackofwaterisveryhigh.CrisessuchastheCapeTowndroughtareindangerofbecomingthenewnorm.The___55___ofDayZeromustserveasawake-upcallforcitiesacrosstheworldtodevelopcost-effectivewatermanagementstrategiestocopewithanuncertainfuture.41.A.Impact B.Pressure C.Impression D.Observation42.A.recycle B.waste C.consume D.apply43.A.restored B.abstracted C.separated D.preserved44.A.change B.source C.origin D.volume45.A.Competition B.Protection C.Construction D.Regulation46.A.contributing B.regarding C.responding D.referring47.A.inaddition B.forexample C.onthecontrary D.asaresult48.A.prospect B.illustration C.symptom D.security49.A.reported B.presented C.predicted D.explained50.A.respectively B.increasingly C.restrictively D.extensively51.A.Bycomparison B.Inotherwords C.Tooursurprise D.What’smore52.A.feasible B.drinkable C.inevitable D.influential53.A.campaign B.statement C.presentation D.advertisement54.A.invaded B.liberated C.suffered D.proceeded55.A.change B.theory C.record D.threatSectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)OnceagainDCComicsandWarnerBros.havedividedfansandcriticsovertheirlatestsuperherofilm.Therehadbeenworryingnewsabout

JusticeLeague

inthemonthsbeforeitsrelease,withalotofreshootsofscenes,anewdirectorbeingbroughtintofinishthefilmafteroriginaldirectorZackSnyder’stragiclossofhisdaughterand,ofcourse,alotoftalkaboutBenAffleck’sfutureintheroleofBatman.Somepeoplearesayingthat

JusticeLeague

isanotherbigdisappointment,thatitcouldhavebeenincredibleandinsteadfailstoreallyentertain.OtherssaythatWarnerBros.havefinallygotitrightandthatthefuturefortheLeaguelooksbright.Myopinionliessomewhereinthemiddle.Thefilmwasbynomeansadisappointment:itwasexciting,funnyandalotoffuntowatch.There’ssomethingspecialaboutwatchingtheheroesfromyourchildhoodbroughttolifeonthebigscreenandmaybethatisaffectingmyopinion.However,Iwillsaythatalotofworkneedstobedoneiftheproducerwantstomakeagreatsuccess.Althoughthefilmwasgood,itwasobviouswhichsceneshadbeenreshotandhowthecharactershadbeenchanged.Ialsohavetomentiontheseveralscenesinwhichthespecialeffectswereverybadlydone;thesearethekindsofproblemsthatyoudon’texpecttoseeinafilmwithsuchabigbudget.AnotherpointtoaddisthatitisgoodtoseetheproducermakingSupermanslightlyabrightercharacterandaddingsomejokestotheplottokeepthingsfun.Buttheproducermustbecarefulnottomakethemistakethatanotherfilmproducer—here,notmentioningthename—iscomingveryclosetodoing:turningallofthefilmsintobrightandcolorfulshowsandlosingalotofseriouslygoodstories.Intheend,

JusticeLeague

isnotaperfectfilmbutitisdefinitelynotaterribleone.AlotofworkisstilltobedonebutIhopethatDCdoesnotcompletelyloseitsdarkerside.56. BeforethereleaseofJusticeLeague,manypeopleshowedtheir______. A.pityforthedirector,ZackSnyder B.concernaboutthefilm’squality C.higherexpectationofthenewdirector D.supportfortheactor,BenAffleck57. Accordingtotheauthor,what’sspecialaboutJusticeLeague? A.Itadvocatessocialjustice. B.Itbringslotsoffuntotheaudience. C.Ithassomebraveheroes. D.Itbringsbackchildhoodmemories.58. InParagraph5theauthormainlywantstoexpresshis______. A.viewsonthefilm’sweakness B.advicetothefilm’sdirector C.loveforthefilm D.expectationofthefilm’ssequels59. Theauthormentionedanotherfilmproducerto______. A.stresstheimportanceoffuninafilm B.showJusticeLeague’slackofaseriousplot C.serveasawarningtotheproducerofJusticeLeague D.setanexamplefortheproducerofJusticeLeague(B)OnthebanksofLondon’sRiverThamesisaninfamouscastle.Onyourvisityouwilldiscoversurprisingstoriesofkings,queensandcriminalplots.TheTowerofLondonisa1,000-year-oldcastlethatprotectstheCrownJewels.Kingsandqueensdemonstratedtheirpowerfromhere,shapingsocietyandinfluencingourcountry.OnthebanksofLondon’sRiverThamesisaninfamouscastle.Onyourvisityouwilldiscoversurprisingstoriesofkings,queensandcriminalplots.TheTowerofLondonisa1,000-year-oldcastlethatprotectstheCrownJewels.Kingsandqueensdemonstratedtheirpowerfromhere,shapingsocietyandinfluencingourcountry.Seewonderfuldisplaysofarms,whichweremadeandstoredinthissecuretower.Stepintotheluxuriouspalaceofkingsandqueensinhistory,designedasaplacetoliveandrule.Explorethespaceswherefamousprisonerswerekeptanddiscoverthedrawingstheyleftbehind500yearsago.Bookonlineatadiscountat.uk/tower.AsecurecastleBeamazedbytheCrownJewels,thenation’streasuresstoredwithintheseheavilydefendedwalls.Thesepricelesssymbolsofroyaltyarestillusedbykingsandqueenstodayforstateoccasions.AroyalpalaceMeettheYeomanWarders,popularlycalled‘Beefeaters’.TheylivehereandhaveguardedtheTowerforhundredsofyears.JointhemforafreeguidedtouroftheTower,startingevery30minutes.AninfamousprisonFindtheplaceswherepeoplewereimprisonedawaitingtrialorpunishment.Discoverwherekings,queensandreligiouscriminalswerelockedaway,andwherethreeEnglishqueenswerekilled.GiftshopsOurfantasticshopssellawiderangeofwonderfulbooks,giftsandsouvenirssoyoucanrememberyourday.GiftshopsOurfantasticshopssellawiderangeofwonderfulbooks,giftsandsouvenirssoyoucanrememberyourday.GreatfoodEnjoyatastyhome-cookedmealattheNewArmouriesCafeinsidetheTower,orstreetfoodandadrinkonthewharf(碼頭)outsidetheTower’sentrance.DrinkateaorcoffeeinsideattheRaven’sKioskandbuyacolddrinkoricecreamattheJewelKiosk.EatinstyleatthePerkinRevelleroverlookingtheriver.AudioguidesDiscovertheTowerwithanaudioguideandexperiencefiveexperttours.OpeningtimesOpendaily(except24–26Decand1Jan)1Nov–28FebTue–Sat09:00–16:30Sun–Mon10:00–16:30(Lastadmission–16:00)1Mar–31OctTue–Sat09:00–17:30Sun–Mon10:00–17:30(Lastadmission–17:00)Allowatleast2–3hoursforyourvisit.HowtogethereTowerofLondon,London,EC3N4ABUnderground:TowerHillDLR:TowerGatewayTrain:FenchurchStreetandLondonBridgeBus:15,42,78,100andRV1Riverboat:TowerPierSightseeingbuses:includedinallmajortours60.TheTowerofLondonplayedseveralrolesinhistoryEXCEPT__________.A.asafecastle B.anarmsstorageC.aninfamousjail D.amilitarybase61.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A.VisitorsshouldgetoffatTowerHilliftheytakeatraintotheTower.B.Touristscanenjoydelicioushome-cookedmealinsidetheTower.C.VisitorsareallowedtoentertheTowerat16:30onDec26.D.TouristsareunlikelytoappreciateroyaltreasuresintheTower.62.Accordingtothepassage,visitorstotheTowerofLondoncan__________.A.nolongerseethekingusingtheCrownJewelsB.bookticketstosavemoneyontheofficialwebsiteC.applyforthepermissionofextendingvisitinghoursD.paytobetterenjoythetourwiththeYeomanWarders(C)Aseismic(地震的；重大的)shiftinclimatesciencemightbeheatingup.Newresearchshowsthatsoundwavesproducedbyearthquakescanbeusedtomeasuretemperaturesintheoceanwhichtraps90%oftheheatEarthabsorbsfromthesun,makinglong-termchangesinoceanwarmth,amajorfactorinhowtheworldmightrespondtoglobalwarming.ForyearsthemainapproachofmeasuringoceantemperaturehasbeenArgo,anarray(陣列)of4000automaticfloats,whichdriftstheglobe,samplingoceanwaterandmeasuringitstemperature.YetArgomeasurementsstopat2000meters.Thenewtechniquecalled“SeismicOceanThermometry”wouldbeespeciallyusefulindetectinglong-termchangesinoceantemperaturesdeeperthanArgo’sreach.“OceanAcousticTomography”,thebasisforthecurrentresearch,wasfirsttestednearly30yearsago.Theinitialstudiescreatedsoundwavesartificially,basicallyincreasingthevolumeongiantunderwaterspeakers.Scientistsmeasuredthesound’straveltimefromthespeakerstoreceiversthousandsofkilometersaway.Becauseoceantemperaturesaffectthespeedofthewaves,theresearcherscouldcalculateaveragetemperaturesalongtheirpaths.Butsomebelievedthenoisewasathreattooceanlifeandthetechniquenevertookoff.Thenewstudyinsteadusesanaturalsoundsourceforinvestigation:earthquakesmakingalow,continuousnoisebeneaththeseaflooroffthecoastofSumatrathatdrumupsoundwavesintheocean.OntheshoresoftheChagosIslandsintheEastIndianOcean,between2005and2016SeismicStationDiegoGarciarecordedseismicwavesproducedbythoseearthquakes.Someofthosewavescreatedphysicalchangesinlandandseaastheytraveled.OthersweresoundwavesorTwavesthatmovedthroughthedeepocean,deliveringvaluabledataaboutoceantemperature.12yearsofdatacoupledwithmathematicalmodelspointedtoatemperaturechangeofroughly0.044degreesperdecade,atrendlargerthanthosepredictedbyArgo.ThefindingssuggestthatSeismicOceanThermometryisafeasiblemethodtomeasurechangesinoceantemperature,Furtherdatafromotherregionsoftheglobeandothertimeframeswouldhelpimprovethewarmingmodelsandpredictions.Andinfuturestudiestheresearchersplantolistendirectlyforsoundwaves,usinganetworkofhydrophones,microphoneswhichdetectsoundwavesunderwater.Soundwavessetthetoneforadeepdiveintoourwarmingoceanseveniftheyfailtoreach60000milesunderthesea.63. WhatdisadvantagedoesArgohave?

A.Itsreachislimited. B.Ittakeslongtocollectsamples.

C.Itdoesn’tworkglobally. D.Itspredictionisn’treliableatall.64. ItcanbelearnedthatOceanAcousticTomography_____.

A.wastestedmanytimesbutneversucceeded

B.remainedunpopularforfearofpotentialharm

C.wasassumedtobetoocomplicatedtobecontrollable

D.measuredoceantemperaturejustasthenewresearchdoes65. Itcanbeinferredfromthenewfindingsthat_____.

A.somewarmingisworkingitswaydeeperintotheocean

B.oceantemperatureisrisingfasterowingtoearthquakes

C.soundtravelsfasterincolderwaterthaninhotterwater

D.soundwaveswillslowdownthewarmingoftheocean66. Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.SoundWavesFirstAppliedtoClimateScience

B.NewFactorsFoundtoBeHeatinguptheOcean

C.ANaturalApproachHoldingBackGlobalWanning

D.Ocean’sHiddenHeatMeasuredwithEarthquakeSoundsSectionCDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthesentencesinthebox.Eachsentencecanonlybeusedonce.Notethattherearetwosentencesmorethanyouneed.A. Hiddeninthemountains,thelostcitywouldbebuiltofstoneslikethese.B. Whatcouldhebethinking!C. ButnowtheadventurersarousedthecuriosityofalocalfarmernamedArteaga.D. Howhadtheybuiltthem!E. CliffsrosethousandsoffeetabovetheroaringrapidsoftheUrubambaRiver.F. Suddenly,thecloudsdriftedawayandthereitwas.DiscoveringtheLostCitySixtymilessouth,inCusco,HiramBinghamgazedthoughtfullyattheoldIncanstonewall.HehadcometothisplaceinsearchofVilcapampa,thelostcityoftheInca.Butrightherewasthemostbeautifulstoneworkhehadeverseen—hugestonescutsoperfectlythatnotevenarazorblade(刀片)couldbeslippedbetweenthem.TheIncahadnoirontoolstocarvethem,nowheeloranimalstomovethem.Thewallhadenduredtimeandearthquakes.67__________Itwasamystery.Hewalkedthroughthecobbled(卵石)streetsoftheoldcapital,Cusco.TheSpanishhadcometothiscity,conqueredtheInca,takentheirgold,andbuiltchurchesovertheirtemples.Suddenly,hestopped.BeforehimwasthefamousTempleoftheSun.Heplacedhishandsonthesun-warmedstonessobeautifullycarved,asiftheyhadgrowntogether.68__________WoulditholdgoldandrichesliketheSpanishhadfoundinCusco?Morethaneverhewasdeterminedtofindthatcity.ThenextdayBinghambeganhissearch.Hewouldlookforruins—thatmightbethekey.Heandhisparty,accompaniedbythemilitarymanSergeantCarrasco,leftfortheholyvalleyoftheUrubambaRiver.Theycametothesleepyoldvillageinthevalley,longagoanimportantcity.“Arethereanyruinsnearby?”Binghamasked.“DoyouknowofthelostcityofVilcapampa?”Nooneknewofit.Travelingnorth,theadventurerscameuponaremoteandwildcanyon(峽谷).Inthedistanceweresnowcappedmountainsoverthreemileshigh.69__________Bingham’sdeterminationtofindthelostcitygrewwitheachturnoftheincreasinglywildpath.Farbelowinthevalley,Bingham’spartycampedonasandybeachalongsidethethunderingrapidsoftheUrubambaRiver.Dayshadgoneby.Nooneknewofanyruins.70__________Thistime,throughtheinterpreter,thefarmersaid,“Yes.ThereareverygoodruinsontopofthemountaincalledMachuPicchu.”Thefarmerpointedstraightup.“Canyoutakeusthere?”Binghamasked.IV.SummaryWriting71.Directions

Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.

SeniorityinPromotionIsNotaWiseBusinessPracticeIt’snotalwaysaneasydecisionforcompanieswhenitcomestofillingmanagerialspots.Inthepast,promotinganemployeehasbeenpopularlyhandledbymeansofbasicanalysisoftheemployees’pastperformanceandseniority.Insomecases,theindividual’sperformancehasbeenconsideredmoreimportantwhileinotherstheamountoftimetheyhavebeenwiththecompanyhasbeenthedecidingfactor.Nevertheless,seniorityisastandardthathasneverbeenleftout.However,inthecontemporarybusinessworld,theimportanceofseniorityinpromotionisbeingdestroyedasagrowingnumberofcompanieslookoutsideoftheirorganizationswhentryingtofilltopmanagerialspots.Unlikeexperiencedemployeeswhohavebeenwiththecompanyforalongtime,newpeoplearemorelikelytogeneratecreativeideas.Inrapidlychangingmarkets,innovativeandcreativetalentsaresoughtbymanycompaniesinordertoadapttothemarket.Tomeettheirneeds,companieshavemoretogainbyselectingoutsideemployeessincetheyaremorewillingtotrynewtechniquesandlessafraidofbreakingtraditionwhenintroducingne