2025年無損檢測員（中級）職業(yè)技能鑒定試卷：無損檢測在風(fēng)力發(fā)電葉片檢測中的考試時間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______一、單項選擇題（本部分共20題，每題1分，共20分。請將正確答案的序號填入括號內(nèi)）1.在風(fēng)力發(fā)電葉片的超聲波檢測中，如果發(fā)現(xiàn)tínhi?ub??nmòn?góck?tn?igi?athanlác?vàcánhlác?,thìtínhi?unàyth??ng???cg?ilàgì?A.Tínhi?uph?nx?t?ranhgi?iv?tli?uB.Tínhi?ukhuy?tt?tl?nvàoC.Tínhi?uh?pth?D.Tínhi?udao??ng2.Khis?d?ngph??ngphápkhúcx?ánhsáng(Shearography)??ki?mtra??b?nc?alác?gió,tínhi?uhình?nhnàosau?aychoth?ykh?n?ngthay??i??c?ng?ángk??A.Hình?nhcónhi?uv?tsángnh?pnháyB.Hình?nhcócácvùngt?i??mxenk?C.Hình?nhcócác???ngcongd?cD.Hình?nhcócácvùngsángr?cr?3.Trongtr??ngh?pnào,ph??ngphápth?mth?uch?tl?ng(LiquidPenetrantTesting)???ccoilàl?ach?nt?i?unh?t??pháthi?ncácv?tn?tm?trênb?m?tlác?giólàmt?v?tli?ucomposite?A.Khic?nki?mtracáckhuy?tt?t?nsauB.Khib?m?tlác?cónhi?ug?,r?nhC.Khiv?tli?ucónhi?uv?tx??cd?mD.Khic?nki?mtra??b?nkéoc?av?tli?u4.Khiphantíchtínhi?ut?h?th?ngsiêuamtoànph?n(TimeofFlightDiffusion-TOFD)cholác?gió,tínhi?unàosau?aychoth?ys?hi?ndi?nc?am?tkhuy?tt?tcókíchth??cl?n?A.Tínhi?ucó??phanc?ccaoB.Tínhi?ucó??d?cl?nC.Tínhi?ucóphatiêuc?cD.Tínhi?ucókho?ngcáchth?igiangi?ahaidao??ngl?n5.Trongquátrìnhki?mtra??b?nc?acác?i?mn?igi?athanlác?vàcánhlác?b?ngph??ngphápt?tính(MagneticParticleTesting),tínhi?unàochoth?ys?hi?ndi?nc?akhuy?tt?t?A.Vùngt?sángr?cr?B.Vùngt?t?i??mC.V?ts?ct?có??r?ngkh?ng??uD.V?ts?ct?có??sáng??u6.Khis?d?ngph??ngphápnhi?tk?t?tính(Thermography)??ki?mtra??b?nc?acác?i?mn?itronglác?gió,tínhi?unàochoth?ys?hi?ndi?nc?akhuy?tt?t?A.Hình?nhcócácvùngnhi?t??caor?cr?B.Hình?nhcócácvùngnhi?t??th?p??mC.Hình?nhcócác???ngnhi?t??d?cD.Hình?nhcócácvùngnhi?t??kh?ng??ng??u7.Trongtr??ngh?pnào,ph??ngphápsiêuampulse-echo(Pulse-Echo)???ccoilàl?ach?nt?i?unh?t??pháthi?ncáckhuy?tt?t?nsautronglác?giólàmt?v?tli?ucomposite?A.Khic?nki?mtracáckhuy?tt?ttrênb?m?tB.Khiv?tli?ucónhi?uv?tx??cd?mC.Khic?nki?mtra??b?nkéoc?av?tli?uD.Khic?nki?mtracáckhuy?tt?tcókíchth??cnh?8.Khiphantíchtínhi?ut?h?th?ngsiêuamtoànph?n(TimeofFlightDiffusion-TOFD)cholác?gió,tínhi?unàochoth?ys?hi?ndi?nc?am?tkhuy?tt?tcókíchth??cnh??A.Tínhi?ucó??phanc?ccaoB.Tínhi?ucó??d?cl?nC.Tínhi?ucóphatiêuc?cD.Tínhi?ucókho?ngcáchth?igiangi?ahaidao??ngnh?9.Trongquátrìnhki?mtra??b?nc?acác?i?mn?igi?athanlác?vàcánhlác?b?ngph??ngphápth?mth?uch?tl?ng(LiquidPenetrantTesting),tínhi?unàochoth?ys?hi?ndi?nc?akhuy?tt?t?A.V?tth?mth?ucó??r?ng??uB.V?tth?mth?ucó??r?ngkh?ng??uC.V?tth?mth?ucómàusángr?cr?D.V?tth?mth?ucómàut?i??m10.Khis?d?ngph??ngphápnhi?tk?t?tính(Thermography)??ki?mtra??b?nc?acác?i?mn?itronglác?gió,tínhi?unàochoth?ys?hi?ndi?nc?akhuy?tt?t?A.Hình?nhcócácvùngnhi?t??caor?cr?B.Hình?nhcócácvùngnhi?t??th?p??mC.Hình?nhcócác???ngnhi?t??d?cD.Hình?nhcócácvùngnhi?t??kh?ng??ng??u11.Trongtr??ngh?pnào,ph??ngphápsiêuampulse-echo(Pulse-Echo)???ccoilàl?ach?nt?i?unh?t??pháthi?ncáckhuy?tt?ttrênb?m?tlác?giólàmt?v?tli?ucomposite?A.Khic?nki?mtracáckhuy?tt?t?nsauB.Khiv?tli?ucónhi?uv?tx??cd?mC.Khic?nki?mtra??b?nkéoc?av?tli?uD.Khic?nki?mtracáckhuy?tt?tcókíchth??cnh?12.Khiphantíchtínhi?ut?h?th?ngsiêuamtoànph?n(TimeofFlightDiffusion-TOFD)cholác?gió,tínhi?unàochoth?ys?hi?ndi?nc?am?tkhuy?tt?tcókíchth??cv?aph?i?A.Tínhi?ucó??phanc?ccaoB.Tínhi?ucó??d?cv?aph?iC.Tínhi?ucóphatiêuc?cD.Tínhi?ucókho?ngcáchth?igiangi?ahaidao??ngv?aph?i13.Trongquátrìnhki?mtra??b?nc?acác?i?mn?igi?athanlác?vàcánhlác?b?ngph??ngphápt?tính(MagneticParticleTesting),tínhi?unàochoth?ys?hi?ndi?nc?akhuy?tt?t?A.V?tt?sángr?cr?B.V?tt?t?i??mC.V?ts?ct?có??r?ng??uD.V?ts?ct?có??r?ngkh?ng??u14.Khis?d?ngph??ngphápnhi?tk?t?tính(Thermography)??ki?mtra??b?nc?acác?i?mn?itronglác?gió,tínhi?unàochoth?ys?hi?ndi?nc?akhuy?tt?t?A.Hình?nhcócácvùngnhi?t??caor?cr?B.Hình?nhcócácvùngnhi?t??th?p??mC.Hình?nhcócác???ngnhi?t??d?cD.Hình?nhcócácvùngnhi?t??kh?ng??ng??u15.Trongtr??ngh?pnào,ph??ngphápsiêuampulse-echo(Pulse-Echo)???ccoilàl?ach?nt?i?unh?t??pháthi?ncáckhuy?tt?tcókíchth??cv?aph?itronglác?giólàmt?v?tli?ucomposite?A.Khic?nki?mtracáckhuy?tt?t?nsauB.Khiv?tli?ucónhi?uv?tx??cd?mC.Khic?nki?mtra??b?nkéoc?av?tli?uD.Khic?nki?mtracáckhuy?tt?tcókíchth??cnh?16.Khiphantíchtínhi?ut?h?th?ngsiêuamtoànph?n(TimeofFlightDiffusion-TOFD)cholác?gió,tínhi?unàochoth?ys?hi?ndi?nc?am?tkhuy?tt?tcókíchth??cl?n?A.Tínhi?ucó??phanc?ccaoB.Tínhi?ucó??d?cl?nC.Tínhi?ucóphatiêuc?cD.Tínhi?ucókho?ngcáchth?igiangi?ahaidao??ngl?n17.Trongquátrìnhki?mtra??b?nc?acác?i?mn?igi?athanlác?vàcánhlác?b?ngph??ngphápth?mth?uch?tl?ng(LiquidPenetrantTesting),tínhi?unàochoth?ys?hi?ndi?nc?akhuy?tt?t?A.V?tth?mth?ucó??r?ng??uB.V?tth?mth?ucó??r?ngkh?ng??uC.V?tth?mth?ucómàusángr?cr?D.V?tth?mth?ucómàut?i??m18.Khis?d?ngph??ngphápnhi?tk?t?tính(Thermography)??ki?mtra??b?nc?acác?i?mn?itronglác?gió,tínhi?unàochoth?ys?hi?ndi?nc?akhuy?tt?t?A.Hình?nhcócácvùngnhi?t??caor?cr?B.Hình?nhcócácvùngnhi?t??th?p??mC.Hình?nhcócác???ngnhi?t??d?cD.Hình?nhcócácvùngnhi?t??kh?ng??ng??u19.Trongtr??ngh?pnào,ph??ngphápsiêuampulse-echo(Pulse-Echo)???ccoilàl?ach?nt?i?unh?t??pháthi?ncáckhuy?tt?tcókíchth??cnh?tronglác?giólàmt?v?tli?ucomposite?A.Khic?nki?mtracáckhuy?tt?t?nsauB.Khiv?tli?ucónhi?uv?tx??cd?mC.Khic?nki?mtra??b?nkéoc?av?tli?uD.Khic?nki?mtracáckhuy?tt?tcókíchth??cnh?20.Khiphantíchtínhi?ut?h?th?ngsiêuamtoànph?n(TimeofFlightDiffusion-TOFD)cholác?gió,tínhi?unàochoth?ys?hi?ndi?nc?am?tkhuy?tt?tcókíchth??cv?aph?i?A.Tínhi?ucó??phanc?ccaoB.Tínhi?ucó??d?cv?aph?iC.Tínhi?ucóphatiêuc?cD.Tínhi?ucókho?ngcáchth?igiangi?ahaidao??ngv?aph?i二、判斷題（本部分共10題，每題1分，共10分。請將正確答案的序號填入括號內(nèi)，正確的填“√”，錯誤的填“×”）1.()Khis?d?ngph??ngphápkhúcx?ánhsáng(Shearography)??ki?mtra??b?nc?alác?gió,tínhi?uhình?nhcónhi?uv?tsángnh?pnháychoth?ykh?n?ngthay??i??c?ng?ángk?.2.()Ph??ngphápth?mth?uch?tl?ng(LiquidPenetrantTesting)???ccoilàl?ach?nt?i?unh?t??pháthi?ncácv?tn?tm?trênb?m?tlác?giólàmt?v?tli?ucomposite.3.()Tínhi?ut?h?th?ngsiêuamtoànph?n(TimeofFlightDiffusion-TOFD)cholác?gióchoth?ys?hi?ndi?nc?am?tkhuy?tt?tcókíchth??cl?nkhicó??phanc?ccao.4.()Trongquátrìnhki?mtra??b?nc?acác?i?mn?igi?athanlác?vàcánhlác?b?ngph??ngphápt?tính(MagneticParticleTesting),tínhi?ucóv?ts?ct?có??r?ngkh?ng??uchoth?ys?hi?ndi?nc?akhuy?tt?t.5.()Khis?d?ngph??ngphápnhi?tk?t?tính(Thermography)??ki?mtra??b?nc?acác?i?mn?itronglác?gió,tínhi?uhình?nhcócácvùngnhi?t??caor?cr?choth?ys?hi?ndi?nc?akhuy?tt?t.6.()Ph??ngphápsiêuampulse-echo(Pulse-Echo)???ccoilàl?ach?nt?i?unh?t??pháthi?ncáckhuy?tt?t?nsautronglác?giólàmt?v?tli?ucomposite.7.()Tínhi?ut?h?th?ngsiêuamtoànph?n(TimeofFlightDiffusion-TOFD)cholác?gióchoth?ys?hi?ndi?nc?am?tkhuy?tt?tcókíchth??cnh?khicókho?ngcáchth?igiangi?ahaidao??ngnh?.8.()Trongquátrìnhki?mtra??b?nc?acác?i?mn?igi?athanlác?vàcánhlác?b?ngph??ngphápth?mth?uch?tl?ng(LiquidPenetrantTesting),v?tth?mth?ucómàusángr?cr?choth?ys?hi?ndi?nc?akhuy?tt?t.9.()Khis?d?ngph??ngphápnhi?tk?t?tính(Thermography)??ki?mtra??b?nc?acác?i?mn?itronglác?gió,tínhi?uhình?nhcócácvùngnhi?t??th?p??mchoth?ys?hi?ndi?nc?akhuy?tt?t.10.()Ph??ngphápsiêuampulse-echo(Pulse-Echo)???ccoilàl?ach?nt?i?unh?t??pháthi?ncáckhuy?tt?tcókíchth??cv?aph?itronglác?giólàmt?v?tli?ucomposite.三、簡答題（本部分共5題，每題4分，共20分。請根據(jù)題意作答）1.簡述在使用超聲波脈沖回波法（Pulse-Echo）檢測風(fēng)力發(fā)電葉片時，如何判斷是否存在內(nèi)部缺陷。具體說明你會關(guān)注哪些信號特征，以及這些特征通常與什么類型的缺陷相關(guān)聯(lián)。2.描述在使用滲透檢測法（LiquidPenetrantTesting）對風(fēng)力發(fā)電葉片表面進行檢測前，需要進行哪些關(guān)鍵的前處理步驟。為什么這些步驟對于確保檢測結(jié)果的準確性至關(guān)重要？請結(jié)合實際操作談?wù)勀愕睦斫狻?.解釋什么是風(fēng)力發(fā)電葉片中的“分層”（Delamination）缺陷，并說明為什么這種缺陷特別值得關(guān)注。當你使用熱波成像（Thermography）技術(shù)檢測時，這種缺陷通常會在熱圖像上呈現(xiàn)出什么樣的特征？請詳細描述。4.在進行風(fēng)力發(fā)電葉片的磁粉檢測（MagneticParticleTesting）時，如果發(fā)現(xiàn)葉片根部存在不規(guī)則的磁痕（Fluxleakagepatterns），這可能暗示著哪些潛在的問題？請結(jié)合葉片的結(jié)構(gòu)和受力情況，分析可能的原因，并說明你會如何進一步確認。5.比較超聲波全聚焦方法（TimeofFlightDiffusion-TOFD）和相控陣超聲檢測（PhasedArrayUltrasonicTesting,PAUT）在風(fēng)力發(fā)電葉片檢測中的主要優(yōu)缺點。針對不同的檢測需求（例如，檢測深度、掃查效率、復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)適應(yīng)性），你會如何選擇這兩種技術(shù)？請闡述你的選擇依據(jù)。四、綜合應(yīng)用題（本部分共3題，每題10分，共30分。請結(jié)合實際情況和相關(guān)理論知識，綜合分析并回答下列問題）1.假設(shè)你正在對一個新安裝的風(fēng)力發(fā)電葉片進行例行無損檢測。使用超聲波檢測設(shè)備時，你在葉片靠近前緣的位置發(fā)現(xiàn)一段距離較長的信號衰減區(qū)域，且伴有微小的回波。同時，使用熱波成像技術(shù)時，該區(qū)域?qū)?yīng)的熱圖像顯示出輕微的、不均勻的溫度異常。請分析這兩種檢測結(jié)果可能指向什么共同的缺陷類型？結(jié)合葉片的制造工藝和服役環(huán)境，推測這種缺陷可能是由什么原因造成的。在后續(xù)的處理建議中，你會提出哪些具體的措施來評估和處置這個葉片？2.在對一臺風(fēng)力發(fā)電機組進行大修前，需要對葉片進行全面的檢測評估。你負責使用從浸式磁粉檢測（ImmersionMagneticParticleTesting）方法，發(fā)現(xiàn)在葉片內(nèi)部靠近復(fù)合材料鋪層界面處存在多處細小的磁痕。這些磁痕的分布似乎與葉片在之前的風(fēng)致振動過程中可能產(chǎn)生的應(yīng)力集中區(qū)域相吻合。請詳細說明從這些磁痕的發(fā)現(xiàn)中，你可以得出哪些關(guān)于葉片內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)的結(jié)論？這種檢測結(jié)果對于判斷葉片是否適合繼續(xù)安全運行有何重要意義？你會建議采取哪些補充檢測手段來進一步確認和評估這些內(nèi)部缺陷的嚴重程度？3.你被要求使用脈沖回波法和熱波成像技術(shù)對同一風(fēng)力發(fā)電葉片的不同區(qū)域進行交叉驗證檢測。在葉片的中部區(qū)域，脈沖回波法顯示信號相對清晰，未發(fā)現(xiàn)明顯的內(nèi)部缺陷跡象；然而，熱波成像技術(shù)卻在該區(qū)域顯示出較為明顯的熱異常圖樣，呈現(xiàn)出一種類似“熱點”聚集的現(xiàn)象。請解釋為什么會出現(xiàn)這種脈沖回波法正常而熱波成像法檢測出異常的情況。結(jié)合兩種技術(shù)的原理，分析這種熱異?？赡苁怯墒裁匆蛩匾鸬模ㄗ⒁?，可能并非是材料內(nèi)部的破壞性缺陷）。這種檢測結(jié)果提示你需要注意葉片的哪些方面？你會如何解讀和記錄這一發(fā)現(xiàn)，并建議后續(xù)如何跟進處理？五、論述題（本部分共1題，共10分。請根據(jù)題意，結(jié)合所學(xué)知識和工作實踐，進行深入論述）結(jié)合你在風(fēng)力發(fā)電葉片無損檢測工作中的實際經(jīng)驗，論述如何有效整合多種無損檢測方法（例如，超聲波、滲透、磁粉、熱波成像等）的優(yōu)勢，以提高對風(fēng)力發(fā)電葉片進行全面、準確評估的能力。請具體說明在不同檢測場景下（如制造過程質(zhì)量控制、在役檢測、維修前評估等），如何根據(jù)葉片的材質(zhì)、結(jié)構(gòu)特點、潛在缺陷類型以及檢測目的，科學(xué)合理地選擇和組合不同的檢測方法，并闡述這種綜合檢測策略對于保障風(fēng)力發(fā)電機組安全穩(wěn)定運行的重要性。本次試卷答案如下一、單項選擇題答案及解析1.答案：C解析：在風(fēng)力發(fā)電葉片的超聲波檢測中，tínhi?ub??nmòn?góck?tn?ith??nglàtínhi?uh?pth?dov?tli?ub?suygi?m??ctínhsonar.Tínhi?uph?nx?t?ranhgi?iv?tli?ulàtínhi?uchínht?biêngi?ic?utrúc.Tínhi?ukhuy?tt?tl?nvàovàtínhi?udao??ngkh?ngm?t?chínhxáctínhi?unày.2.答案：A解析：Khis?d?ngshearography,v?tsángnh?pnháyth?hi?ns?thay??i??c?ng?ángk?doshearographynh?yc?mv?ithay??i??c?ngb?m?tvàg?nb?m?t.Cáchình?nhkháckh?ngth?hi?nr?ràngcácthay??i??c?ngt??ngt?.3.答案：B解析：LiquidPenetrantTestingt?i?uchokhuy?tt?tb?m?tm?doch?tl?ngcóth?th?mvàocácv?tn?tm?.Khib?m?tlác?cónhi?ug?,r?nh,ch?tl?ngkhóth?msau,nênph??ngphápnàykh?nghi?uqu?.Khiv?tli?ucónhi?uv?tx??cd?m,th?mth?us?b?c?ntr?.Khic?nki?mtra??b?nkéo,cácph??ngphápkhácphùh?ph?n.4.答案：D解析：TrongTOFD,kho?ngcáchth?igiangi?ahaidao??ngl?nchoth?ykhuy?tt?tcókíchth??cl?n.Tínhi?ucó??phanc?ccao,??d?cl?n,ho?cphatiêuc?ckh?ngliênquantr?cti?p??nkíchth??ckhuy?tt?t.5.答案：B解析：Trongmagneticparticletesting,tínhi?ukhuy?tt?tlàvùngt?t?i??mdos?m?tcanb?ngt?tính.Cáctínhi?ukháckh?ngth?hi?nr?ràngkhuy?tt?t.6.答案：B解析：Trongthermography,vùngnhi?t??th?p??mchoth?ykhuy?tt?tdos?ch?mtr?trongvi?ctruy?nnhi?t.Cáctínhi?ukháckh?ngth?hi?nr?ràngkhuy?tt?t.7.答案：D解析：Pulse-Echohi?uqu?nh?tchokhuy?tt?tcókíchth??cnh?.Cácph??ngphápkhácphùh?ph?nchocáckhuy?tt?t?nsauho?ctrênb?m?t.8.答案：D解析：TrongTOFD,kho?ngcáchth?igiangi?ahaidao??ngnh?choth?ykhuy?tt?tcókíchth??cnh?.Cáctínhi?ukháckh?ngliênquantr?cti?p??nkíchth??ckhuy?tt?t.9.答案：B解析：Trongliquidpenetranttesting,v?tth?mth?ucó??r?ngkh?ng??uchoth?ykhuy?tt?tdoch?tl?ngth?mvàocácv?tn?tm?vàt?arakh?ng??u.Cáctínhi?ukháckh?ngth?hi?nr?ràngkhuy?tt?t.10.答案：A解析：Trongthermography,cácvùngnhi?t??caor?cr?choth?ykhuy?tt?tdos?ch?mtr?trongvi?ctruy?nnhi?t.Cáctínhi?ukháckh?ngth?hi?nr?ràngkhuy?tt?t.11.答案：D解析：Pulse-Echohi?uqu?nh?tchokhuy?tt?tcókíchth??cnh?.Cácph??ngphápkhácphùh?ph?nchocáckhuy?tt?t?nsauho?ctrênb?m?t.12.答案：B解析：TrongTOFD,tínhi?ucó??d?cv?aph?ichoth?ykhuy?tt?tcókíchth??cv?aph?i.Cáctínhi?ukháckh?ngliênquantr?cti?p??nkíchth??ckhuy?tt?t.13.答案：D解析：Trongmagneticparticletesting,v?ts?ct?có??r?ngkh?ng??uchoth?ykhuy?tt?tdos?m?tcanb?ngt?tính.Cáctínhi?ukháckh?ngth?hi?nr?ràngkhuy?tt?t.14.答案：A解析：Trongthermography,cácvùngnhi?t??caor?cr?choth?ykhuy?tt?tdos?ch?mtr?trongvi?ctruy?nnhi?t.Cáctínhi?ukháckh?ngth?hi?nr?ràngkhuy?tt?t.15.答案：D解析：Pulse-Echohi?uqu?nh?tchokhuy?tt?tcókíchth??cv?aph?i.Cácph??ngphápkhácphùh?ph?nchocáckhuy?tt?t?nsauho?ctrênb?m?t.16.答案：D解析：TrongTOFD,kho?ngcáchth?igiangi?ahaidao??ngl?nchoth?ykhuy?tt?tcókíchth??cl?n.Cáctínhi?ukháckh?ngliênquantr?cti?p??nkíchth??ckhuy?tt?t.17.答案：B解析：Trongliquidpenetranttesting,v?tth?mth?ucó??r?ngkh?ng??uchoth?ykhuy?tt?tdoch?tl?ngth?mvàocácv?tn?tm?vàt?arakh?ng??u.Cáctínhi?ukháckh?ngth?hi?nr?ràngkhuy?tt?t.18.答案：A解析：Trongthermography,cácvùngnhi?t??caor?cr?choth?ykhuy?tt?tdos?ch?mtr?trongvi?ctruy?nnhi?t.Cáctínhi?ukháckh?ngth?hi?nr?ràngkhuy?tt?t.19.答案：D解析：Pulse-Echohi?uqu?nh?tchokhuy?tt?tcókíchth??cnh?.Cácph??ngphápkhácphùh?ph?nchocáckhuy?tt?t?nsauho?ctrênb?m?t.20.答案：B解析：TrongTOFD,tínhi?ucó??d?cv?aph?ichoth?ykhuy?tt?tcókíchth??cv?aph?i.Cáctínhi?ukháckh?ngliênquantr?cti?p??nkíchth??ckhuy?tt?t.二、判斷題答案及解析1.答案：√解析：Khis?d?ngshearography,v?tsángnh?pnháyth?hi?ns?thay??i??c?ng?ángk?doshearographynh?yc?mv?ithay??i??c?ngb?m?tvàg?nb?m?t.2.答案：√解析：Ph??ngphápliquidpenetranttestingt?i?uchokhuy?tt?tb?m?tm?doch?tl?ngcóth?th?mvàocácv?tn?tm?.3.答案：×解析：TrongTOFD,tínhi?ucó??phanc?ccaokh?ngliênquantr?cti?p??nkíchth??ckhuy?tt?t.Kho?ngcáchth?igiangi?ahaidao??ngl?nm?ichoth?ykhuy?tt?tcókíchth??cl?n.4.答案：√解析：Trongmagneticparticletesting,v?ts?ct?có??r?ngkh?ng??uchoth?ykhuy?tt?tdos?m?tcanb?ngt?tính.5.答案：√解析：Trongthermography,cácvùngnhi?t??caor?cr?choth?ykhuy?tt?tdos?ch?mtr?trongvi?ctruy?nnhi?t.6.答案：×解析：Pulse-Echohi?uqu?nh?tchokhuy?tt?tcókíchth??cnh?,kh?ngph?i?nsau.7.答案：√解析：TrongTOFD,kho?ngcáchth?igiangi?ahaidao??ngnh?choth?ykhuy?tt?tcókíchth??cnh?.8.答案：√解析：Trongliquidpenetranttesting,v?tth?mth?ucómàusángr?cr?choth?ykhuy?tt?tdoch?tl?ngth?mvàocácv?tn?tm?vàt?arakh?ng??u.9.答案：×解析：Trongthermography,cácvùngnhi?t??th?p??mchoth?ykhuy?tt?tdos?ch?mtr?trongvi?ctruy?nnhi?t.10.答案：√解析：Pulse-Echohi?uqu?nh?tchokhuy?tt?tcókíchth??cv?aph?i.三、簡答題答案及解析1.答案：Khis?d?ngpulse-echo,tas?quansáttínhi?uph?nx?t?biêngi?iv?tli?uvàcáctínhi?ut?khuy?tt?t.Cáctínhi?ut?khuy?tt?tth??ngcó??tr?khácbi?tsov?itínhi?ut?biêngi?iv?tli?uchính.Tínhi?ukhuy?tt?tth??ngcó??l?nth?ph?nvà??tr?l?nh?nsov?itínhi?ut?biêngi?iv?tli?uchính.S?hi?ndi?nc?acáctínhi?unàychoth?ycókhuy?tt?ttrongv?tli?u.解析：Pulse-echos?d?ngcácxungsiêuam??pháthi?nkhuy?tt?ttrongv?tli?u.Khisiêuamg?pkhuy?tt?t,nós?ph?nx?l?ivàt?oratínhi?u.Tínhi?ut?khuy?tt?tcó??tr?khácbi?tsov?itínhi?ut?biêngi?iv?tli?uchính.Tínhi?ukhuy?tt?tth??ngcó??l?nth?ph?nvà??tr?l?nh?nsov?itínhi?ut?biêngi?iv?tli?uchính.2.答案：Tr??ckhis?d?ngliquidpenetranttesting,c?nlàms?chb?m?tlác???lo?ib?b?ib?n,d?um?,vàcácch?tb?ov?b?m?t.Làms?chlàquantr?ng????mb?och?tl?ngth?mvàocácv?tn?tm?vàkh?ngb?c?ntr?.解析：Liquidpenetranttestingyêuc?ub?m?tlác?ph?is?ch????mb?och?tl?ngth?mvàocácv?tn?tm?.N?ub?m?tkh?ngs?ch,ch?tl?ngs?kh?ngth?th?mvàocácv?tn?tvàkh?ngth?pháthi?nkhuy?tt?t.3.答案：分層làs?táchr?igi?acácl?pv?tli?ucomposite.?aylàm?tkhuy?tt?t??cbi?t?ángchúyvìnólàmgi?m??b?nvàkh?n?ngch?ul?cc?alác?.Trongthermography,分層th??ngth?hi?n為cácvùngnhi?t??caoh?ndos?ch?mtr?trongvi?ctruy?nnhi?tgi?acácl?pv?tli?u.解析：分層làs?táchr?igi?acácl?pv?tli?ucomposite,làmgi?m??b?nvàkh?n?ngch?ul?cc?alác?.Thermographynh?yc?mv?is?thay??inhi?t??vàcóth?pháthi?ncácvùngnhi?t??caoh?ndos?ch?mtr?trongvi?ctruy?nnhi?tgi?acácl?pv?tli?u.4.答案：Trongmagneticparticletesting,cácv?ts?ct?kh?ng??ucóth?choth?ys?hi?ndi?nc?akhuy?tt?tnh?v?tn?tho?cl?th?ng.Khipháthi?ncácv?ts?ct?kh?ng??u,c?nki?mtrak?h?n??xác??nhnguyênnhan.Cácnguyênnhancóth?làdoch?t?okh?ng?úngho?cdoquátrìnhv?nhànhgayra.解析：Magneticparticletestings?d?ngt?tính??pháthi?nkhuy?tt?t.Khipháthi?ncácv?ts?ct?kh?ng??u,c?nki?mtrak?h?n??xác??nhnguyênnhan.Cácnguyênnhancóth?làdoch?t?okh?ng?úngho?cdoquátrìnhv?nhànhgayra.5.答案：TOFDcó?u?i?mlàcóth??ochínhxáckíchth??cvàhìnhd?ngkhuy?tt?t.PAUTcó?u?i?mlàcóth?quétnhanhvàhi?uqu?.Khic?n檢測深度,TOFDphùh?ph?n.Khic?n檢測nhanhvàhi?uqu?,PAUTphùh?ph?n.解析：TOFDcóth??ochínhxáckíchth??cvàhìnhd?ngkhuy?tt?t,nh?ngc?nth?igiandài??quét.PAUTcóth?quétnhanhvàhi?uqu?,nh?ngkhó?ochínhxáckíchth??cvàhìnhd?ngkhuy?tt?t.Khic?n檢測深度,TOFDphùh?ph?n.Khic?n檢測nhanhvàhi?uqu?,PAUTphùh?ph?n.四、綜合應(yīng)用題答案及解析1.答案：Cáck?tqu?nàycóth?ch???nkhuy?tt?tnh?v?tn?tm?ho?cv?tn?t?óng.V?tn?tm?cóth?làdoch?t?okh?ng?úngho?cdoquátrìnhv?nhànhgayra.V?tn?t?óngcóth?làdo?ngsu?tquát?iho?cdom?itr??ngkh?cnghi?t.??x?ly,c?nki?mtrak?h?nvàcóth?c?ns?ach?aho?cthayth?lác?.解析：Cáck?tqu?t?ultrasoundvàthermographycóth?ch???nkhuy?tt?tnh?v?tn?tm?ho?cv?tn?t?óng.V?tn?tm?cóth?làdoch?t?okh?ng?úngho?cdoquátrìnhv?nhànhgayra.V?tn?t?óngcóth?làdo?ngsu?tquát?iho?cdom?itr??ngkh?cnghi?t.??x?ly,c?nki?mtrak?h?nvàcóth?c?ns?ach?aho?cthayth?lác?.2.答案：Cácv?ts?ct?nàycóth?choth?ys?hi?ndi?nc?akhuy?tt?tnh?v?tn?tho?cl?th?ng.Khipháthi?ncácv?ts?