備戰(zhàn)2021屆高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)題型專練(新高考)15

閱讀理解之細(xì)節(jié)理解題

【考試方向】細(xì)節(jié)理解題要求考生對閱讀材料中的某一具體事實和細(xì)節(jié)進(jìn)行理解。它們大都是根據(jù)文

章中的具體信息如事實、例證、原因、過程、論述等進(jìn)行提問的。有些問題可以在文章中直接找到答案，

有些則需要我們在理解的基礎(chǔ)上將有關(guān)內(nèi)容系統(tǒng)化才能找到，比如計算、排序、是非判斷、圖形比較等。

常見的命題方式通常有：

L特殊疑問句形式。以when,where,what,which,who,howmuch/many等疑問詞開頭引出的問題；

2.以是非題的形式。true/false,nottrue/false或EXCEPT,近年這種題型較少；

3.以Accordingto…開頭提問方式；

4.以填空題的形式，如：

(1)Toavoidattractingmountainlions,peopleareadvised.

(2)Bythefirstsentenceofthepassageauthormeansthat.

(3)Itseemsthatnowacountry'seconomydependsmuchon.

(4)Ifyouareinterestedinknowingaboutwhatpeople'slifewillbe,youmayvisit.

(5)Thepolicemenweretold“tolooktheotherway”(theunderlinedpartinParagraph2)sothat.

(6)Thepolicemanwhosaid“Goodevening5'toRollswantedto.

5.就文中數(shù)字、排序、識圖等提問。

做細(xì)節(jié)理解題時，大多數(shù)學(xué)生易出現(xiàn)的問題是閱讀速度太慢，缺乏一定的快速閱讀技巧，考生要培養(yǎng)

自己快速獲取信息的能力。解答此類試題時，不必通篇細(xì)看原文，而常?？刹扇　皫е鴨栴}找答案”的方法.先

從問題中抓住關(guān)鍵性詞語。然后以此為線索。要快速地辨認(rèn)和記憶事實或細(xì)節(jié)，就要恰當(dāng)?shù)剡\用略讀及查

讀的技巧快速在文章中尋找與此問題相關(guān)的段落、語句.仔細(xì)品味，對照比較.確定答案。除了運用掃讀

法(scanning)外，還可以兼用排除法.將“無此細(xì)節(jié)”和“與此細(xì)節(jié)相反”的選項排除。

了解細(xì)節(jié)題干擾選項的特點也有助于考生提高答題的正確率。一般情況下，干擾項有如下幾個特點：

(1)是原文信息，但不是題目要求的內(nèi)容；(2)符合常識，但不是文章內(nèi)容；(3)與原文的內(nèi)容極其相

似，只是在程度上有些變動；(4)在意思上與原文大相徑庭甚至完全相反；(5)部分正確，部分錯誤。

有的細(xì)節(jié)理解題只要直接辨認(rèn)不要求讀者對客觀的事實作出解釋或判斷，只要求從閱讀材料中直接獲

取信息。同時還要求讀者記住重要細(xì)節(jié)，在必要的時候(做判斷、推斷或結(jié)論的時候)能夠準(zhǔn)確而迅速地

將他們回憶起來。解此類題要求考生快速抓住原文中的關(guān)鍵信息，直接得出答案，但要注意往往答案與原

文中的語句并非一模一樣，而是用不同的詞語或句型結(jié)構(gòu)表達(dá)相同的意思。有的細(xì)節(jié)理解題就需要通過有

關(guān)詞語和句子的轉(zhuǎn)換。利用主要事實、圖表、圖形來獲取信息，然后利用因果、類比、時間、空間等關(guān)系

將零碎的細(xì)節(jié)經(jīng)過一系列加工、整理，方能做出正確的判斷.此類試題在高考中占大多數(shù)。

值得一提的是，有時原文中的信息可能只是一個短語，甚至一個單詞，因此需要我們在閱讀中特別仔

細(xì)才能捕捉到真正有用的信息。

【解答技巧】

1.描寫類細(xì)節(jié)題

描寫類細(xì)節(jié)題，常?？疾榭忌鷮ξ闹杏嘘P(guān)人物動作、思想感情、心理活動、觀點，或事件的起因、發(fā)

展、過程、結(jié)果等方面的理解。這類描寫信息往往較直接，一般不太需要考生對它們進(jìn)行較深入的理解，

對于該類題，考生一般都可以較直接地從原文中找到與題目對應(yīng)的有關(guān)信息。

【真題再現(xiàn)】（2020?海南高考真題）InMay1987theGoldenGateBridgehada50thbirthdayparty.The

bridgewasclosedtomotortrafficsopeoplecouldenjoyawalkacrossit.Organizersexpectedperhaps50,000

peopletoshowup.Instead,asmanyas800,000crowdedtheroadstothebridge.Bythetime250,000wereonthe

bridge,engineersnoticedsomethingterrible：theroadwaywasflatteningunderwhatturnedouttobetheheaviest

loadithadeverbeenaskedtocarry.Worse,itwasbeginningtosway（晃動）.Theauthoritiesclosedaccesstothe

bridgeandtensofthousandsofpeoplemadetheirwaybacktoland.Adisasterwasavoided.

ThestoryisoneofscoresinToForgiveDesign：UnderstandingFailure,abookthatisatoncealoveletterto

engineeringandapaean（贊歌）toitsbreakdowns.Itsauthor,Dr.HenryPetroski,haslongbeenwritingabout

disasters.Inthisbook,heincludesthelossofthespaceshuttles（航天飛機）ChallengerandColumbia,andthe

sinkingoftheTitanic.

Thoughheacknowledgesthatengineeringworkscanfailbecausethepersonwhothoughtthemupor

engineeredthemsimplygotthingswrong,inthisbookDr.Petroskiwidenshisviewtoconsiderthelargercontext

inwhichsuchfailuresoccur.Sometimesdevicesfailbecauseagooddesignisconstructedwithlowquality

materialsinpetentlyapplied.Orperhapsadesignworkssowellitisadoptedelsewhereagainandagain,with

seeminglyharmlessimprovements,until,suddenly,itdoesnotworkatallanymore.

Readerswillencounternotonlystoriestheyhaveheardbefore,butsomenewstoriesandamovingdiscussion

oftheresponsibilityoftheengineertothepublicandthewaysyoungengineerscanbehelpedtograspthem.

"Successissuccessbutthatisallthatitis,"Dr.Petroskiwrites.Itisfailurethatbringsimprovement.

l.WhathappenedtotheGoldenGateBridgeonits50thbirthday?

Altcarriedmoreweightthanitcould.

Bitswayedviolentlyinastrongwind

Citsroadwaywasdamagedbyvehicles

D.Itsaccesswasblockedbymanypeople.

2.WhichofthefollowingisDr.Petroski'sideaaccordingtoparagraph3?

A.Nodesigniswellreceivedeverywhere

B.Constructionismoreimportantthandesign.

C.Notalldisastersarecausedbyengineeringdesign

D.Improvementsonengineeringworksarenecessary.

3.Whatdoesthelastparagraphsuggest?

A.Failurecanleadtoprogress.B.Successresultsinoverconfidence

C.Failureshouldbeavoided.D.Successesfromjointefforts.

4.Whatisthetext?

A.AnewsreportB.Ashortstory.

C.AbookreviewD.Aresearcharticle.

【答案】l.A2.C3.A4.C

【分析】

這是一篇議論文。主要講述了對彼得羅斯基博士的書《原諒設(shè)計：理解失敗》的評論，工程設(shè)計可能

會因為某些原因帶來失敗，但失敗才能帶來進(jìn)步。

1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“InMay1987theGoldenGateBridgehada50thbirthdayparty.Thebridgewas

closedtomotortrafficsopeoplecouldenjoyawalkacrossit.Organizersexpectedperhaps50,000peopletoshow

up.Instead,asmanyas800,000crowdedtheroadstothebridge.Bythetime250,000wereonthebridge,

engineersnoticedsomethingterrible：theroadwaywasflatteningunderwhatturnedouttobetheheaviestloadit

hadeverbeenaskedtocarry.Worse,itwasbeginningtosway”可以看出,1987年5月，金門大橋舉行了一個50

歲生日聚會。這座橋禁止機動車通行，人們可以在橋上散步。組織者預(yù)計將有5萬人到場。相反，多達(dá)80

萬人擠滿了通往大橋的道路。當(dāng)25萬人在橋上時，工程師們注意到了一個可怕的現(xiàn)象：路面在被要求承載

的最重荷載作用下變得平了。更糟的是，它開始晃動。因此可以看出，金門大橋50歲生日那天，它的重量

超過了它的承受能力。故選A。

2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Thoughheacknowledgesthatengineeringworkscanfailbecausethepersonwho

thoughtthemuporengineeredthemsimplygotthingswrong,inthisbookDr.Petroskiwidenshisviewtoconsider

thelargercontextinwhichsuchfailuresoccur.Sometimesdevicesfailbecauseagooddesignisconstructedwith

lowqualitymaterialsinpetentlyapplied.Orperhapsadesignworkssowellitisadoptedelsewhereagainandagain,

withseeminglyharmlessimprovements,until,suddenly,itdoesnotworkatallanymore.“可知，雖然他承認(rèn)工程設(shè)

計可能會因為那些想出或設(shè)計它們的人只是把事情弄錯了失敗，但在這本書中，彼得羅斯基博士拓寬了他

的視野，考慮了這種失敗發(fā)生的更大背景。有時，由于一個好的設(shè)計是用不合格的低質(zhì)量材料建造的，所

以裝置會失敗?；蛘?，一個設(shè)計工作得如此好，以至于在其他地方一次又一次地被采用，用似乎是無害的

改進(jìn)，直到突然間，它完全不起作用了。因此可以推測出，根據(jù)第三段，不是所有的災(zāi)難都是由工程設(shè)計

引起的是彼得羅斯基博士的想法。故選C。

3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段的“Itisfailurethatbringsimprovement.”可知，失敗才能帶來進(jìn)步。因此可

以看出，A項與此相呼應(yīng)，即失敗能帶來進(jìn)步，故選A。

4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“ThestoryisoneofscoresinToForgiveDesign：UnderstandingFailure,abook

thatisatoncealovelettertoengineeringandapaean（贊歌）toitsbreakdowns.”可知，這個故事是《原諒設(shè)計：

理解失敗》一書中的一個，這本書既是對工程的一封情書，也是對其崩潰的贊歌。并且后面兩段都在寫這

本書里的內(nèi)容以及評價，再根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的“Readerswillencounternotonlystoriestheyhaveheardbefore,

butsomenewstoriesandamovingdiscussionoftheresponsibilityoftheengineertothepublicandtheways

youngengineerscanbehelpedtograspthem.”可知，讀者不僅會遇到他們以前聽過的故事，還會遇到一些新的

故事和關(guān)于工程師對公眾的責(zé)任以及如何幫助年輕工程師掌握它們的動人討論。再結(jié)合最后一段“Itisfailure

thatbringsimprovement.”可知，失敗才能帶來進(jìn)步。因此可以推測出，這些內(nèi)容都是關(guān)于這本書的評論，因

為這篇文章是書評，故選C。

2.信息尋找題、廣告閱讀題

信息尋找題一般在應(yīng)用文體中較常見，體現(xiàn)于查字典、閱讀廣告、公告、演出海報、車船航班時間表

等之中。這類閱讀材料包含的某一方面的信息非常全面，能滿足各種人對信息的需求，但在高考試題中，

常常是就某一方面提問，考生完全沒有必要從頭到尾仔細(xì)閱讀，因為材料中有很多冗余無效信息。做此類

題時，宜采用“題干定全法”。即：先閱讀題干，然后根據(jù)問題要求，有針對性地閱讀相關(guān)部分快速尋找有效

信息。

廣告是閱讀理解題?？嫉囊环N題材。廣告屬應(yīng)用文體。嚴(yán)格來說廣告屬快速尋找信息題。但是廣告有

著其他快速尋找信息題不同的特點。廣告文體簡潔明快，省略了大量的詞語，達(dá)到了篇幅小、信息多的目

的。同時具有語言精練，形象性、鼓動性強的良好效果。廣告閱讀題多為細(xì)節(jié)理解題，關(guān)鍵在于正確理解

廣告內(nèi)容?？忌仨毦邆漭^強的語言運用能力，熟悉文化背景，利用各種手段（如：補全、聯(lián)想、推測等）

正確解讀廣告的內(nèi)容。通常運用“補全成分法”和“聯(lián)想推測法”兩種方法來解讀廣告的內(nèi)容。做題方法同樣采

用“題干定向法”。

（1）補全成分法

省略名在廣告體閱讀材料中大量出現(xiàn)，可以說廣告閱讀理解材料中大多數(shù)句子都是省略句。我們應(yīng)結(jié)

合全文語境及邏輯關(guān)系將省略句補全，從而更加準(zhǔn)確地理解。如：Driverwanted.根據(jù)文義，可將該句補充

為：Adriverwillbewanted.（招聘一名司機）。

（2）聯(lián)想推測法

在些廣告時間、日期、地點、電話、票價等用了縮略詞，甚至一概沒有提及，這就需要考生前后連貫，

充分想象，整體理解。搜尋已知信息，推斷語篇意義。

【真題再現(xiàn)】（2020?海南高考真題）PaliOvernightAdventuresofferschildrenandteensexcitingexperiences

thissummer.Frombroadcastingtostreetart,thesearejust4ofthe17highlyuniquecampsbeingoffered.

BroadcastingCamp

Beethenextstarreporter,newswriter,directororproducer.Whilerunningeveryaspectofourownnews

station,kidsandtheirfellowcamperswillcreateandhostabroadcastairingeachnightatdinnerfortheentirecamp.

Everynightitgoesontheweb,keepingparentsandtheworldinformedofthehappeningsatPali.

SecretAgentCamp

InthemovieMissionImpossible,TomCruisemadebeingasecretagentseemlikethecoolestjobever.

Camperswhosignupforthe2weeksecretagentcampcangettoknowaboutthelifeofrealsecretagentsby

learningstrategiesandmilitaryskillsonthepaintballfield.

CulinaryCamp

Ifyourchildenjoysbeinginthekitchen,thentheculinarycampisdefinitelytherightfit.Camperslearn

technicalskillsofroasting,fryingandcutting,aswellassomerecipesthattheycantakehomeandsharewiththeir

families.

StreetArtCamp

Thiscamptakescreativelicensetoanentirelynewlevel.Camperswillsharetheircolorfulideasand

imaginationwitheachotherandworktogethertovisualize,sketchandpaintwithnontraditionaltechniquesto

createthecoolestmuralwhichwillbedisplayedinpublicforalltosee.

5.HowmanycampsdoesPaliOvernightAdventuresofferthissummer?

A.2.B.4,C.17.D.21.

6.WhatwillcampersdoattheBroadcastingCamp?

A.Createawebsite.B.Runanewsstation.

C.Meetastarreporter.D.Holdadinnerparty.

7.Whichcampwillattractchildrenwhoareinterestedincooking?

A.BroadcastingCamp.B.SecretAgentCamp.

C.CulinaryCampD.StreetArtCamp.

【答案】5.C6.B7.C

【分析】

這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四個不同類型的夏令營的情況。

5.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Frombroadcastingtostreetart,thesearejust4ofthe17highlyuniquecampsbeing

offered.”可知從廣播到街頭藝術(shù)，這只是17個非常獨特的營地中的4個。由此可知，今年夏天巴利島有17

個露營地。故選C。

6.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第——段中“Whilerunningeveryaspectofourownnewsstation,kidsandtheirfellowcampers

willcreateandhostabroadcastairingeachnightatdinnerfortheentirecamp.”可知在經(jīng)營好我們自己的新聞電

臺的方方面面的同時，孩子們和他們的營員們將在每天晚上的晚餐時，為整個夏令營創(chuàng)作并主持播出一個

廣播。由此可知，營員在廣播營會經(jīng)營一家新聞電臺。故選B。

7.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段"Ifyourchildenjoysbeinginthekitchen,thentheculinarycampisdefinitelythe

rightfit.Camperslearntechnicalskillsofroasting,fryingandcutting,aswellassomerecipesthattheycantake

homeandsharewiththeirfamilies."可知如果你的孩子喜歡呆在廚房里，那么烹飪夏令營絕對是最合適的選

擇。露營者學(xué)習(xí)烘焙、油炸和切菜的技術(shù)技能，以及一些他們可以帶回家和家人分享的食譜。由此可知，

CulinaryCamp會吸引對烹飪感興趣的孩子。故選C。

3.數(shù)據(jù)計算題

此類試題一般要求考生能根據(jù)閱讀材料中給出的有關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)，找出計算關(guān)系，通過計算，得出正確的結(jié)

論。這類計算一般來說比較簡單，關(guān)鍵是要弄清各數(shù)據(jù)間的邏輯關(guān)系，選準(zhǔn)比較的數(shù)據(jù)，弄清單位換算關(guān)

系，確定計算方法，問題便迎刃而解了。對于數(shù)據(jù)較多、項目復(fù)雜用時間或空間跨度較大的短文，通?？?/p>

采用“列表法”，即按一定的規(guī)律將數(shù)據(jù)分門別類地列出，化模糊為清晰，為計算打下基礎(chǔ)。對于相對不太復(fù)

雜的數(shù)據(jù)，可采用“推算法”，即以有關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)為基準(zhǔn)，進(jìn)行簡單的運算就可得出。

例如：....

Atpresent,theworldhasabout6,800languages.Thedistributionoftheselanguagesishugelyuneven.The

generalruleisthatmildzoneshaverelativelyfewlanguages,oftenspokenbymanypeople,whilehot,wetzones

havelots,oftenspokenbysmallnumbers.Europehasonlyaround200languages;theAmericasabout1,000;Africa

2400;andAsiaandthePacificperhaps3,200,ofwhichPapuaNewGuineaaloneaccountsforwellover800.The

mediannumber（中位數(shù)）ofspeakersisamere6,000,whichmeansthathalftheworld'slanguagesarespokenby

fewerpeoplethanthat.

30.Howmanylanguagesarespokenbylessthan6,000peopleatpresent?

A.About6,800B.About3,400

C.About2,400D.About1,200

【答案】B

【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段中的Atpresent,theworldhasabout6,800languages.和Themedian

number（中位數(shù)）ofspeakersisamere6,000,whichmeansthathalftheworld'slanguagesarespokenbyfewer

peoplethanthat.可知，目前世界上大約有6800種語言，但是講的人數(shù)少于6000人的占一半即3400.故選B。

4.圖文轉(zhuǎn)換題

此類試題要求根據(jù)短文中的描寫找出相應(yīng)的圖形，或根據(jù)圖形選出相應(yīng)的文字?？刹捎谩拔淖宙i定法”，

即找出描述圖形的句段，按“文”鎖“圖”，迅速鎖定相關(guān)圖形，或用“圖形標(biāo)示法”，在圖形中標(biāo)出相應(yīng)的內(nèi)容，

以便做題。

【真題再現(xiàn)】（2015,四川卷）

（hebecetnavebeenbusg.

There^beenl;odo.

We'retkewiegapartybecause

ISTURNING2

COECbuyoutwithus,

Saturday,Julg4tb

1Zto1：5。

MississippiMUSCUEofNaturalScience

Z1*18RiversideDrive,Jackson

50.Thecardaboveis

A.aticketB.apostcard

C.aninvitationD.anadvertisement

5l.Thepartyisfor

A.abirthday

B.theQueen

C上eewatching

D.theNationalDay

52.Accordingtothecard,ifyouareunabletogo,youcan.

A.returnthecard

B.visittheMuseum

C.ignorethemessage

D.contactAlice'smother

【答案】50.C51.A52.D

【解析】這是一張邀請函，是為了慶祝Alice的兩歲生日。

50.C主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章的wearethrowingaparty以及ebugwithus.可知，這是一張邀請函，故選擇C。

51.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章中的Aliceisturning2,可知，是為了慶祝生日的，故選擇A。

52.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章中的regretstotheQueenBeeat6015554111可知如果不能來，請打電話給媽媽，

故選擇D。

5.代詞指代題解題技能

代詞指代題要求考生一定的上下文推測代詞的指代意義。此類題一般是在人物或事物關(guān)系比較復(fù)雜的

情況下使用的一種題型，所以理清人物及事物之間的邏輯關(guān)系是關(guān)鍵所在。

【真題再現(xiàn)】（2016?新課標(biāo)卷III））OnoneofhertripstoNewYorkseveralyearsago,EudoraWeltydecided

totakeacoupleofNewYorkfriendsouttodinner.TheysettledinatafortableEastSlidecafeandwithinminutes,

anothercustomerwasapproachingtheirtable.

"Hey,aren'tyoufromMississippi?”theelegant,whitehairedwriterrememberedbeingaskedbythe

stranger."I'mfromMississippitoo."

Withoutasecondthought,thewomanjoinedtheWeltyparty.Whenherdinnerpartnershowedup,shealso

pulledupachair.

TheybegantellingmeallthenewsofMississippi,”Weltysaid."Ididn'tknowwhatmyNewYork

friendswerethinking.

TaxisonarainyNewYorknightarerarerthansunshine.Bythetimethegroupgotuptoleave,itwaspouring

outside.Welty9snewfriendsimmediatelysentawaitertofindacab.Headingbackdowntowntowardherhotel,her

bigcityfriendswereamazedattheturnofeventsthathadchangedtheirBigAppledinnerintoaMississippistate

reunion（團(tuán)聚）.

"Myfriendssaid:"Nowwebelieveyourstories/"Weltyadded.”AndIsaid:'Nowyouknow.Theseare

thepeoplethatmakemewritethem?”

Sittingonasofainherroom,Welty,aslimfigureinasimplegraydress,lookedpleasedwiththisexplanation.

"Idon'tmakethemup,"shesaidofthecharactersinherfictiontheselast50orsoyears."Idon'thave

to."

Beauticians,bartenders,pianoplayersandpeoplewithpurplehats,Welty9speopleefromafternoonsspent

visitingwitholdfriends,fromwalksthroughthestreetsofhernativeJackson,Miss.,fromconversationsoverheard

onabus.ItannoysWeltythat,at78,herleftearhasnowgivenout.Sometimes,sittingonabusoratrain,shehears

onlyafragment（片段）ofaparticularlyinterestingstory.

26.Theunderlinedword"them”inParagraph6referstoWelty?s.

A.readersB.partiesC.friendsD.stories

【文章大意】文章介紹了一位女作家請紐約的朋友吃飯時發(fā)生的故事。Welty是一位年紀(jì)比較大的作家，

她來自密西西比。Welty的作品都是來自于現(xiàn)實的生活。

26.D【解析】畫線的them指代前面提到的人或物，根據(jù)"Nowwebelieveyourstories"可知，them指代

的是Welty寫的小說里面的故事，聽了Welty和兩個陌生人的有關(guān)密西西比的談話之后，Welty的朋

友相信了Welty小說里的故事都是來源于生活，故選Do

【題型演練】

1

APakistanimanwhowasbornwithoutarmshasdevelopedintoahighlyskilledsnookerplayer.Inthegame

ofsnooker,playerstraditionallyuselongstickstohitcoloredballsintoholesattheendofatable.ButMuhammad

Ikramhaslearnedadifferentmethod.Heuseshischin（下巴）tohittheballsintotheholes.

MuhammadIkramisoneofninechildren.Hedidnotreceiveaneducationandhisfamilyfacedstruggles

meetingbasicneeds.Growingup,Ikramspentmuchofhistimewatchingpeopleplaysnooker,agamenoone

dreamedhecouldeverplay.Hesayshedoesnotrememberexactlyhowtheideaofplayingstruckhim.Butatsome

point,hestartedpracticingthegameinsecret.a4Hewouldeagerlywatchotherboysplay.Hewouldkeepwishinghe

alsohadarmssohecouldplaylikethem,“saidhismother,RaziaBibi."Thenhestartedusinghischin.^^

The32yearoldlivesinSamundri,aruraltowninPakistan'sPunjabprovince.Hehasspenteightyears

perfectinghisgameandsaysheisnotafraidtotakeonanyplayers.4tIhavemetverygoodsnookerplayerswhotell

meIamarealgeniusandIcanbringgreatfametoPakistan,hetoldReutersTelevision.MianUsmanAhmedis

coowneroftheCuemasterSnookerClub.HesaysIkramwonseveralprizesinlocalpetitionsoverthepasttwo

years.atHewouldetotheclubandaskifhecouldbeallowedtoplay.Wewouldlookathisarmsandfeelhewas

unableto,“Ahmedsaid."Heinsistedweallowhimtoprovehimself.Whenhedidthat,wesawhewasactually

verygood.^^

Whenaskedwhathewouldsaytootherswithphysicaldisabilities,Ikramsaid,t4Nooneshouldlosehope.^^He

addedthathewouldonedayliketopeteattheinternationallevel,hopefullywithgovernmentsupport.

1.WhatpossiblycontributedtoIkram'sbeingasnookerplayer?

A.Theideaofsupportinghisfamily.

B.Theencouragementfromhismother.

C.Thehobbyofwatchingsnookergames.

D.Thedesiretosetanexampletothedisabled.

2.WhatcanwelearnaboutIkramfromPara.3?

A.Hehasbroughtfametohiscountry.

B.Hehaswonfirstprizeinlocalsnookergames.

C.Hisskillsofplayingsnookerwerehighlythoughtof.

D.Hismethodofplayingsnookershockedotherplayers.

3.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeIkram?

A.Kindheartedandgifted.B.Inspiringanddetermined.

C.Energeticandintelligent.D.Activeandoutgoing.

4.WhatwasIkram'swish?

A.Tobeeaprofessionalsnookerplayer.

B.Topeteininternationalsnookergames.

C.Toreceiveeducationwithgovernmentsupport.

D.Toopenasnookerclubdesignedforthedisabled.

2

VicedirectorinEurope/DirectorUNUInstituteforEnvironmentandHumanSecurity

DutyStation:Bonn,Germany

TheUnitedNationsUniversity(UNU)hasbeenathinktankforfairresearchonthepressingglobalproblems

ofhumansurvival,conflictprevention,developmentandwelfare,forthepastfourdecades.UNUisrecruitinga

DirectorfortheUNUInstituteforEnvironmentandHumanSecurity(UNUEHS)whowillmeanwhileserveas

UNU'sVicedirectorinEurope,dividinghis/hertimeequallybetweenbothpositions.

TheInstitution:UNUEHSaimstocarryoutresearchonrisksandadaptationrelatedtoglobalchange.The

Institute'sresearchpromotespoliciesandprogrammestoreducetheserisks,whiletakingintoaccountthe

connectionbetweenenvironmentalandsocietalfactors.

Qualifications:TheDirectorshouldhaveacademicqualificationsthatlendtoUNUEHSfameinthe

internationalscholarlymunity;guaranteescientificexcellence;andprovideleadershipandguidanceforactivitiesat

UNUEHSandUNUViE.

Experience:Strongresearchbackgroundandpublicationsinareasrelatedtoaddressingrisksandsocietal

change.Demonstratedadministrationexperience.Successfulinfluencingofpolicymakers.Strongcontributionsto

knowledgesharingmunities.Stronginternationalfundraisingskillsandpastsuccessinsecuringsupportfrom

multiplefunders.

FluencyinEnglishisrequired.FluencyinGermanandofficiallanguagesoftheUnitedNationsisdesirable.

Applicationdeadline:12January2020

Fulldetailsofthepositionandhowtoapply:https://unu.edu/about/hr

5.WhafstheaimoftheUNU?

A.ProvidequalifiedgraduatesforUNorganizations.

B.Researchfairwaystodealwithglobalproblems.

C.Workoutpoliciesforgovernmentsandcountries.

D.Lookintopositiveeffectofenvironmentalchanges.

6.Whafsthequalificationforthepostadvertised?

A.Scientificexcellenceandleadershipabilities.

B.GoodmandofallUNofficiallanguages.

C.Abilitiestopreventsocialregionalconflicts.

D.AdequateknowledgeofUNUstructures.

7.Whatkindofexperienceisrequiredforthepost?

A.HavingtakenleadershipatUNUEHSbefore.

B.Havingorganizedresearchonalargepublicscale.

C.Havingcontributedtosponsoringgovernmentevents.

D.Havingsucceededraisingmoneyfromdifferentpeople.

3

Inthefirsttermofcollege,ProfessorKellylecturedusinhisActing1classabouttheimportanceoftakingthe

businessofactingseriously.AsIpreparetotakeonmysenioryear,IthinkbackonthefirsttermandIconsidermy

seriousnessandmylovefortheartoftheatre.I'mpleasedtosaythat,forthemostpart,mydeterminationremains

asstrongasever.

EvenafterPvelearnedaboutthedifficultiesandtheheartbreakthatgowithworkingasanactor,Iknowthatit

isstilltherightpathforme.SomethingProfessorKellysaidinthatfirstactingclasshasstuckwithmethrough

theselastthreeyears.Hesaid,nEveryactorchoosestoactfortheirownreasons——personallyIdoitbecauseI

haveto.Ihavetoperform.It'swho1am."ForaslongasI'vebeenperforming,I'vewonderedhowtobestdescribe

whyIdowhatIdo.ProfessorKellyansweredthatquestionformethatday.

WhenIwaslittleandfirstimaginedwhatitwouldbeliketobearealactor,Iwouldimaginebeingknown

aboutbymanypeoplesomeday.However,Ineveractuallywantedthat.Iactbecausenomatterwhatisgoingonin

mylife,nomatterhowstressedIamwithwhat*shappeningoutsideoforduringpractices,whenI'monstage,Pm

homeandI'mme.

Manyparentswillfeelworriedabouttheirchildren'schoosingtobeanactor.Somewillbesurprised.My

parentsarejustexceptions.TheyknewfromthestartthatnothingwasgoingtokeepmefromdoingwhatIlove.

8.WhatdidProfessorKelly'swordsmaketheauthorrealize?

A.Shedidactingoutoflove.B.Shereallyhadagiftforacting.

C.Shewouldfacemanychallenges.D.Shemustworkhardtolearnacting.

9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"that1'inparagraph3referto?

A.Imaginingbeinganactor.B.Beingonstage.

C.Beingfamousoneday.D.Beingdevotedtotheatre.

10.Howdotheauthor*sparentsfeelaboutherchoice?

A.Content.B.Sympathetic.C.Concerned.D.Disappointed.

11.Whatistheauthormainlytalkingaboutinthetext?

A.Whyshechoseacting.B.Whoinspiredhertoact.

C.Howactingchangedherlife.D.Whatshelearnedaboutacting.

4

Cory,aged30,wasdiagnosedwithspinalmuscularatrophy（脊髓性肌萎縮癥）ataveryyoungage.Because

ofhiscondition,hebeganusingawheelchairatage4.Hismother,SandyGilbreath,raisedhimasasingleparent.

Althoughtakingcareofachildwithadisabilitywaschallenging,sheensuredthatCorydidn*tmissoutonthefun

thingsinlife.Sandytookhimonroadtripsduringsummerbreaksthroughouthischildhood.Theexciting

experiencesofexploringnewplacesinspiredhimtosetalifelonggoalofvisitingallsevencontinents.

Fortunately,CorywasabletodothatjustbeforetheCOVID19started.Heandhismothertraveledto

AntarcticainFebruary,justbeforethebordersclosed.Itwastheseventhandfinalcontinentoffhislist.Hebecame

thefirsteverwheelchairusertovisitallthesevencontinents!

AccordingtoCory,travelinginawheelchairrequiresawiderangeofplanningandresearch.Hestartshis

researchsixtotwelvemonthsbeforeeachtrip,makingsurethatthereareaccessibletransportationoptionsinthe

location.Hewouldalsocalluphotelsorrentalhomestoconfirmiftheyaretrulyasaccessibleastheyclaimtobe.

WhenCorystartedgoingonadventures,thereweren'tmanyonlineresourcesdiscussingaccessibletravel.To

helpothertravelerswithdisabilitiesexploretheworldashedoes,hedecidedtosharehisknowledgeinhisblog.

Aimingtopromoterepresentationofthewheelchairusingmunity,Coryandhismotherwroteachildren'sbook,

titledLet'sExplorewithCorCor,whichisaboutaboywhotravelsaroundtheworldinhispoweredwheelchair.

Travelingtoallsevencontinentswasn*tsomethingIwassurewasgoingtobepossible,"hesaid."Butifyou

staydeterminedandkeepapositiveattitude,theopportunitiesarelimitless."

12.WhatmadeCoryLeedecidetovisitallsevencontinents?

A.Hismother'sexpectation.

B.Histravellingexperiences.

C.Hisdreamofhelpingothers.

D.Hisobjectiveofmakingahistory.

13.WhatworriesCorymostaboutatrip?

A.Rentalfees.

B.Localattractions.

C.Acmodation.

D.Transportation.

14.WhydidCoryandhismotherwritethebook?

A.Toenrichonlineresources.

B.Torecordtravellingevents.

C.Tohelppeoplewithspecialneeds.

D.Tointroducewheelchairadventures.

15.WhatcanwelearnfromCory'sstory?

A.Nothingcanpreventadeterminedheart.

B.Disabilitycanturnintoanopportunity,

C.Travellingshapesapositiveattitude.

D.Momisthecreatorofchildren'sdreams.

5

Iwasinvitedtogiveaspeechataneducators,conference.IhappenedtositnexttoClayParker,theCEOofa

technologypanythatmakesmicroelectronicsdevices.

Forthelastfewyears,I'dbeenreadingabouttherapidlychangingworldofworkandwasincreasingly

concernedthatstudentsarenotpreparedfortoday'sworkplace.Buriedinbookknowledge,universitystudentstalk

likeabookandalwayspassexamswithflyingcolours.However,whenfacingHRstaffinsteadoftheirteachers,

whattheyhavelearnedseemsuseless.SoIaskedParkerwhatqualitieshemostwantedinapotentialnewemployee.

IexpectedalistoftechnicalskillsespeciallysinceParkerisanengineerhimselfbutIwaswayoffthemark.

“First,Ilookforsomeonewhoasks