第=page11頁，共=sectionpages11頁2025-2026學(xué)年北京市豐臺區(qū)第十八中學(xué)高一上學(xué)期分班考英語試題一、單選題：本大題共13小題，共13分。1.Mostpeoplethinkthatdoingexercisecankeep________fit.A.they B.them C.their D.theirs2.Whatdoyouplantodoforyourmother________Mother’sDay?A.in B.at C.on D.to3.WemustfinishtheworkbyFriday,________wewillmissthechance.A.and B.but C.or D.so4.—Excuseme,________Ihavetheseatbythewindow?—Sorry.Ithasbeentaken.A.must B.should C.need D.may5.—________doyouhelpwithclean-upatschool?—Twiceamonth.A.Howmany B.Howmuch C.Howlong D.Howoften6.ThefilmHi,Mommakesusunderstandourparents________thanbefore.A.well B.better C.best D.thebest7.Myfather________CCTVnewswhenIarrivedhomeyesterday.A.waswatching B.iswatching C.watched D.watches8.—Hi,Mary.Didyouhavefunlastnight?—Well,yesandno.Theweatherwasterriblebutwe________theconcert.A.enjoy B.enjoyed C.willenjoy D.areenjoying9.—Tom,whereisyourlittlesister?—She________inthebackyardnow.A.isplaying B.willplay C.played D.plays10.Beijing________severalthousandvolunteerstoHetian,Xinjiangsince1997.A.send B.sent C.willsend D.hassent11.Anewgarden________inourneighborhoodnextyear.A.builds B.isbuilt C.willbebuilt D.willbuild12.—Couldyoupleasetellme________everyday?—Usuallyintheevening.A.whenyoudosomereading B.whenyoudidsomereading

C.whendoyoudosomereading D.whendidyoudosomereading13.Tomisagreatfootballplayer.He________toplayfootballwhenhewas8yearsold.A.begins B.began C.hasbegun D.willbegin二、閱讀理解：本大題共17小題，共34分。AThankyouforyourinterestinvolunteeringwithBirchAquarium(水族館).Ourvolunteersshapetheexperienceofguestsfromaroundtheworld.Theyhelpvisitorslearnaboutthemarine(海洋的)lifeonourplanet.WeencourageprotectionandshowcasegroundbreakingresearchattheScrippsInstitutionofOceanographyattheUniversityofCaliforniaSanDiego.Everyyear,morethan400volunteersworkhere.Fromstudentsandworkingadultstoretired(退休的)professionals,BirchAquariumhasbeenenrichedbyserviceandknowledgefromvolunteersofallbackgrounds.Volunteersareaskedtoworkforatleastsixmonths,volunteeringone4-hourshift(班)perweek—noshort-termorsummervolunteerprojectsareopenrightnow.Requirements?Beatleast18yearsold.?Havetworeferenceletters(推薦信).?Becomfortablespeakingwithpeopleofallagesandbackgrounds.?Experienceisanadvantageandtrainingisprovidedwithoutconsideringpastexperience.?Knowingasecondlanguageisanadvantage.Responsibilities?Welcomefirst-timeandreturningguestsalike,providingway-findinginformationandansweringgeneralquestions.?Dowaterchanges,preparefoodfortheanimalsandpossiblyhelpwithfeedings.?Helpcreateacleanandhealthyenvironmentfortheanimals.?Helpteachersintheclassroomwithahands-onprogramcoveringalotofmarinetopics.14.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph3?A.Thevolunteeringisfullofimportance.

B.Thevolunteerscanchoosesummervolunteerprojects.

C.Thevolunteerscan’tbeover60yearsold.

D.Thevolunteershavevariousbackgrounds.15.Whatrequirementdothevolunteersneedtomeet?A.Beingaged18orover.

B.Havingoneyear’sexperience.

C.Providingonereferenceletter.

D.Beingabletospeakasecondlanguage.16.Thetextisprobablywrittenforpeoplewhowantto________.A.payavisittoanaquarium.

B.gainvolunteeringexperience.

C.doresearchonmarinelife.

D.applyforapositionatauniversity.BAnArtClassWhenKellywastwelve,shestartedtakingclassesatMissGrace’sSchoolforArt.Shedidn’tlikeitatfirst:the“noviceartists”—thekidswhohadn’treallydoneartbefore—workedmostlywithclay,andKellywasaterriblesculptor(雕塑家).Itwasn’tuntilherthirdyearthatKellyfoundsomethingshewasreallygoodat—charcoaldrawing(素描).Shelovedwatchingthelinesspreadunevenlyacrossthepageasshemovedthebitsofcharcoalbackandforthoverthepaper.Oneday,Sophia,thebestartistinherclass,satdownandsetuphereasel(畫架)nexttoKelly.Kellyfeltasinkingfeelinginherstomach.She’dactuallyfoundanartformthatsheenjoyed—andwasgoodat—andnowSophiawasgoingtooutshineheragain?KellyfoughtbacktearswhenMissGraceenteredtheroom.“Helloclass,”MissGracesaid.“We’llcontinuetoworkontheprojecttoday.”WhatmasterpiecewouldSophiahavecomeupwith?KellylookedatSophia’seaselandshecouldn’tbelieveit—itwasamess!Forabriefmoment,Kellycouldn’tactuallybelieveherdrawingwasbetterthanSophia’s.ButthenshelookedatSophia,whowaswatchingKellywithananxiousexpression.“I...Icouldn’tdecidewhattodo,”Sophiasaid.“Andyou’resogood.SometimesIfeellikemystuffisjustsobadincomparison.”KellylookedtoseeifSophiawasjoking,butsheseemedcompletelyserious.NowKellywasshocked.“I’mnottalented…MissGraceseldompraisesme.You’rethebestoneinourclass!”Sophiaraisedhereyebrows.“Imightbeareallygoodcopierofthestuff,butIhavenoideawhattodowhenitcomestomakingupmyownimages.Youaresogreatatmakingnewthingsoutoftheoldstuff.I’velovedyourworks.”“I’velovedyours,too,”Kellysaid.“Well,definitelynotthisone,”Sophiasaid.Kellysmiled.“Maybenotrightnow.Butifyoumovetheselinesup...”shesaid,pointingherfingeronSophia’spaper.Sophiawasquietforamoment.“That’sagreatidea!”shesaidfinally.Kellysmiledandturnedbacktoherdrawing,lookingeverysooftenatSophia’sworktoseethatshewastakingheradvice,downtothelastline.17.WhenKellystartedclassesattheartschool,she________.A.wasoftenpushedbyMissGrace

B.lackedconfidenceindrawing

C.wasnotgoodatthecourse

D.didnotgetalongwiththeotherkids18.WhatdidKellydointheartclass?A.ShepraisedSophia’screativity.

B.SheinspiredSophia.

C.ShedecidedtooutshineSophia.

D.ShefinishedthedrawingforSophia.19.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Interestisthebestteacher.

B.Youarewhatyoubelievetobe.

C.Everyonehastheirownstrengths.

D.Hardworkwilleventuallypayoff.CItIsNeverTooEarlytoThink-andCommunicate-likeaScientistWhoisascientistandwhatishisjob?Achemistdoingexperiments?Ageologistoutstudyingrocks?Whenmostpeoplethinkaboutscience,theyimaginecharactersmakingdiscoveriesorfindingcures(治療方法)fornewdiseases.However,theseleaveoutanextremelyimportantpartofthescientificprocess:communicating—sharingtheresultsofthatwork.Imagineifsomeonediscoveredsomethingimportantaboutadisease.Otherscientistsneedtounderstandtheworkwellenoughtousethesenewdevelopmentstomakeevenmorediscoveriesinthefuture.Thepublic,too,needstounderstandhowthesediscoveriesmightinfluencetheirlives.Butnoneofthiswillbepossibleiftheworkisnotshared.Beingascientistgoesfarbeyondthemomentofdiscovery.Withoutclearcommunication,scientistswouldnotbeabletousetheworkthathasalreadybeendone.Sohowdoscientiststellothersabouttheworkthattheyhavedone?Howdotheymakesurethateverythingthattheyshareisasclearandcorrectaspossible?Researcherspublishtheirworkinscientificjournals(期刊).Thesejournalscanbereadbyotherresearchersaroundtheworld.Itisveryimportantforthesejournals,andforthescientistswhoreadthem,tomakesurethattheresearchincludedisascorrectaspossible.Inordertodothat,articlesgiventoscientificjournalsbeforepublicationfirstgothroughaprocesscalledpeerreview.Otherscientistswhodoresearchinareasrelatedtotheworkinanarticleareaskedtoreadthroughit.Scientistsalsoprovidefeedbacktothewriters.Theybringupnewquestionsthewritermaynothaveconsidered,recognizelimitationstotheresultsbeingdescribed,andalsomakesurethatnomistakesweremadeduringtheprocess.FrontiersforYoungMindsisascientificjournalwrittenfor—andreviewedbyyoungpeople.Allofthearticlesinitarebasedonworksalreadypublishedinapeerreviewedscientificjournal.However,whilescientistsaregoodatmakingsurethatarticlesareunderstandableforotherscientists,therearenobetterexpertstomakesurethatsomethingcanbeunderstoodbyyoungpeoplethantheyoungpeoplethemselves.Byworkingtogetherwithanexpert,youngreviewersreadthearticletoseeifanypartofthearticleishardtounderstand,makeitclearwhytheexperimentwasdoneinthewayitwasdone,andcheckwhetherthefigures(數(shù)據(jù))clearlyexplainthepointofthearticle.Basically,theseyoungreviewerslearntothinklikescientists.Itisnevertooearlytostart!Askquestions,learnnewthings,anddon’tforgettheimportanceofcommunicatingyourfindings.20.WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?A.Whatisrequiredtobeagoodscientist.

B.Whoshouldunderstandascientist’sjob.

C.Whysharingtheresultsofscientificworkisimportant.

D.Howscientistsmakesuretheirworkisclearandcorrect.21.Fromthepassagewecanknowthat________.A.scientistsaregoodatworkingtogetherwithothers

B.youngpeopleusuallyenjoyreadingscientificjournals

C.inpeerreview,otherscientistsbringupquestionstoreaders

D.youngreviewershelpmakearticlesinFrontiersforYoungMindsmorereadable22.Whatisthewriter’smainpurposeinwritingthispassage?A.Tointroducehowscientistsdotheirjobs.

B.Toofferpracticaladviceonhowtoaskscientificquestions.

C.Toexplaintheeffectsofpeerreviewonscientificjournals.

D.Toencourageyoungpeopletothinkandcommunicatelikescientists.DWe’veallexperiencedfailure.Whetherwelikeitornot,failureispartoflife.Howpeoplerespondtoitisofgreatimportancebothtotheirdecisionsandachievements.Somearelikelytohavesuchexpectations:“IfIshouldreachthatgoal,howhappywouldIfeel?”Inarecentstudy,wewantedtounderstandhowsuchexpectationsmaychangeinthefaceoffailure.Arepeopleabletopredicttheirownhappiness?Theoldsaying“thegrassisalwaysgreenerontheotherside”suggeststhatpeoplespendmuchoftheirtimelongingforthingstheycan’thave.Inotherwords,theharderitistoachieve,thehigherthevaluation.Butisthisagoodmodelforhowordinarypeopleprocessfailure?AccordingtothestoryTheFoxandtheGrapes,failureoftenleadsustodropourinitial(最初的)plan.Inthestory,thefoxjumpswithallhisstrength,yethefailstoreachthegrapes.Finally,hewalksaway,concludingthatthegrapesweresour(酸的)anyway.So,whichisit:greenergrassorsourgrapes?Wedidanexperimenttodeterminehowpeoplereacttofailure.Inthestudy,about1,200participants(參加者)receivedeithergoodorpoorfeedback(反饋)onthepracticetrialofatest.Halfofthemweretoldthattheyhadperformedinthebottom20percent,whiletheotherhalf,inthetop20percent.Theywerethenaskedtopredicthowtheywouldfeeliftheyearnedahighscoreontheactualtest.Theresearchresultsshowedthatthosewhoreceivedpoorfeedbackonthepracticetrialpredictedthattheywouldfeellesshappinessandlesspride,comparedtothosewhoreceivedstrongfeedback.However,whentheyreceivedatopscoreontheactualtestlater,theywerejustashappyastheotherhalf,andmuchhappierthantheyhadpredictedbefore.Thissuggeststhattheinitialfailuremadepeopleundervaluehowgooditwouldfeeltosucceedinthefuture.Thequestionthough,iswhyfailuremakesusdownplayourfuturehappiness.AccordingtoProfessorJonElster,peopledon’talwaysknowwhattheywant,andoftenchangetheirwishestomatchwhatappearswithinreach.Whentheoutcomedoesn’tfittheonetheyhaveofthemselves,theyprotectthemselvesbydevaluingthegoal—ratherthandevaluingself.Inotherwords,whenpersonalfailurehappens,onewayofprotectingourpositive(積極的)senseofselfistorefusetoaccepttheemotionalimportanceoffutureachievements.Detachment(超脫)frompersonalgoalscanbeuseful,ifithelpspeopleredirecttheirattentionfromtheimpossibletobetterandmoreachievablegoals.However,ifthesour-grapeeffectkicksintooearlyandpeoplebecomefearfuloffailure,theycouldmissoutonthechancetotryagainandrealizethatwhatonceseemedimpossibleisnowwithinreach.23.WhatdoesthestoryTheFoxandtheGrapessuggest?A.Theoutcomevaluationdependsonwhatgoalisset.

B.Difficultiesresultinahigherachievementexpectation.

C.Pastperformancedoesn’thelppredictfuturehappiness.

D.Initialfailuremakesfuturesuccessappearlessattractive.24.Theword“downplay”inParagraph6probablymeans“________”.A.undervalue B.betterunderstand

C.destroy D.discover25.Whatdoweknowfromthepassage?A.Theparticipantscaredmoreaboutstrongfeedback.

B.Thehappierpeoplearethosewhopredictlesshappiness.

C.Theparticipants’performancefailedtomatchtheirabilities.

D.Peopledevaluethegoaltokeepapositiveviewofthemselves.26.Whatisthewritertryingtotellus?A.Failureisthemotherofsuccess.

B.Detachmentstopspeoplefromchangingwishes.

C.Theseeminglyimpossibleisworthtryingsometimes.

D.Thesour-grapeeffectpushesustokeepmovingforward.EHumanshavelonggainedpleasurefromthesmellsofthenaturalworld.Forthemostpart,though,humanbeingsarenottheirtargetmarket.Forplants,fragrancesareawaytointeractwithinsectsandotheranimals.Theirattractionforpeoplehappenssimplybychance.Inchemicalterms,mostnaturalfragrancesaremadeupofvolatiles—socalledbecauseoftheirtendencytochangestatessuddenly.Volatilesevaporateeasily,driftingintonoses.Inplants’reproductiveprocesses,smellyvolatilesattractpollinators(授粉昆蟲).Buttheirnaturalapplicationsaremuchmorevaried.IfaninsectchewsthroughtheleavesofsomeBurseraplants,outshootsasticky,smellyliquidtotrapit.Coyotetobaccoplantsareevenmorecrafty:uponsensingthesmellofhungrycaterpillars,theyproducevolatilesthatattractpredatorstokillthepests.Whatistrulyamazingisjusthowwilyplantscanbeinusingtheirscentsforreproduction.Whiteflowersoftenemittheirscentatnighttoattractnocturnalpollinatorssuchasmoths.Theyproduceadilutenectar(稀釋的花蜜)thatencouragesmothstokeepmoving,ratherthanlingeratasinglebloom—allthebettertoincreasepollination.Otherflowerschangetheirfragranceafterbeingsuccessfullypollinated,asasignalforinsectstogoelsewhere.Butthough“Scent”isastoryofplants’cleverness,itisalsoataleofthehumankind.Peoplehavelongusedfragrancesfortheirownpurposes,particularlyforuseinreligiousceremonies:perfumerecipesonthewallsofanEgyptiantempleinEdfudemonstratejusthowlongingredientshavebeenmixedinpursuitofthebestblend.Sohighlyprizedweresomescentsthat,toscareoffcompetitors,Arabtradersspreadalegendaboutgianteaglesthatguardedcinnamon.Eventuallyscientistsnolongerneedednaturalsourcesforfragrances.In1866afragrancemoleculewasproducedforthefirsttime.Sixteenyearslater,HoubigantParfumreleasedFougèreRoyale,thefirst“modernfantasyperfume”thatcreatesanimaginaryscentratherthancopyinganaturalone.Nowadaysfragrance–makingisdominatedbyman–madecompounds,whichcanbereliablyandaffordablyproducedinlargequantities.Thathasledtothemassproductionofsmellyproducts,fromtoiletpapertotoothpaste.Scentisaccordinglybigbusiness.Itissaidthataworld–famousfragranceandflavourmanufacturerthatclaimspeopleinteractwithitsproductsupto30timesaday,hadsalesof?3.8bnlastyear.27.AccordingtoParagraph1and2,whichwouldtheauthoragreewith?A.Someplantsmightkillthepestswiththeirsmells.

B.Fragranceisatoolforplantstoprotectthemselves.

C.Peopleinteractwithnatureeasilythroughfragrance.

D.Fragrancesarelessimportanttohumansthantoanimalsandinsects.28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“prized”inParagraph4mostprobablymean?A.Developed. B.Rewarded. C.Mixed. D.Valued.29.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Humansdonotusefragrancesaspurposefullyasplantsdo.

B.Naturalsourcesforfragranceswillbeoutofdateinthefuture.

C.Plantsusefragrancestobothattractandsendawaypollinators.

D.Man–madefragranceshavetobeproducedbycopyingnaturalones.30.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.PlantsSmell,InsectsPrey

B.SmartnessbehindFragrance

C.Fragrance:ToMakeorNottoMake

D.FragranceConnectsHuman&Nature三、完形填空：本大題共8小題，共12分。MyUnderstandingofMoneyIusedtowalkaroundthestorewithmyparentsconstantlybeggingforsomething.IrememberthesightofallthecolorfulbagsofchipsandcandythatIaskedmyparentstobuyforme.IcannotrememberatimewhenIdidn’tbegforsomethingatthestore.WhenIwasabouttwelveyearsold,mydadalways

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mybeggingandtoldmewithafrustrated(使人挫敗的)face,“Youcanwasteallthemoneyasyouwantwhenyouhaveajob.”Ilistened,butIneverreallyheardthe

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hewastryingtogetacrosstome.SinceIwantedsomanythingsandmyparentswerenotgoingtobuythemforme,Idecidedtomakemoneyasa

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myself.Irememberthefeelingofgettingnewmoneyinmypocket,thenthrowingitoutwithinthenextweek.Afewyearslater,Iwasafreshmaninhighschoolanddidnotfeellikelookingforanewjob.Oneday,Isawpeoplehandingoutflyers(傳單)atschool.Iwasn’t

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atfirstbecauseIthoughtIwasfinemakingmoneybybabysitting.ButonceI

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thoughtaboutthemoneyIcouldmake,Iappliedtoworkasalifeguardadvertisedontheflyer.Afterafewmonths’training,Icouldfinallystartthejob.ButthemoremoneyImade;thelessIwantedtospend.Astheworkandpayincreased,sodidmyresponsibilitywithmoney.Insteadof

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mymoneyonuselessthings,Istartedsavingup.IfinallyrealizedthatmoneymeantsomuchmoretomebecauseIwastheone

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forit.Now,Ihave5,000

dollarsinmybankaccount,andIlimitmyselftowhatIbuy.Mylifehaspermanently(持久地)beeninfluencedbecauseIknowthe

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ofmoney.ItismorethanwhatIcanspend.31.A.met B.changed C.forgot D.refused32.A.reply B.story C.message D.news33.A.babysitter B.advertiser C.safeguard D.salesgirl34.A.involved B.interested C.accepted D.pleased35.A.proudly B.slowly C.seriously D.secretly36.A.cutting B.raising C.receiving D.wasting37.A.working B.saving C.longing D.begging38.A.limit B.value C.power D.supply四、閱讀表達(dá)：本大題共1小題，共10分。39.DoctorsinBristolcansendpatientsonafreecoursefromthismonth,whichusesstand-upcomedytohelppatientswhoarefightingwithtrauma(創(chuàng)傷).Thecoursewaspioneeredbyacomedian,AngieBelcher.It’sbelievedthatcomedyisineveryoneofus,andweareallborncomedians.Everynightwecomehomefromworkandtellourfamilywhatourdayswerelike,butonthewayhomewe’llworkonthedetails,andtrytomakeourstoriesfunniertoamuseourfamilies.AccordingtoAngieBelcher,professionalcomedyeducationistogivepeoplethetoolstomakethestoriesbetter.Thecourseisacombinationofpsychology(心理學(xué)),comedyandstorytellinganditwilllastsixweeks.Infact,pasttraumasareperfectforcomedy.Comedydoesn’tcomefromthehappy,perfectmomentsofourlives,butfromoureverydaylifeevents.Peoplewho’vebeenthroughbiglifeexperiences,suchasthedeathofaclosefriendandpoorhealth,oftencan’twaittosharetheirstories,mostlybecausethere’salwayssomethingstrangelyfunnyaboutthesituation.Expertssaythatwecanacceptandhonorthecomedyofasituation,asmuchasthesadnessofit.It’sashortperiodofrestfromsomethingunpleasant.Angie,whohasamaster’sdegreeinpsychology,saysthecourseisforanyonewhoisreadytoexploretheirtraumathroughcomedy.Itcanbetakenbypeopleinrecoveryfrommentalhealthproblemsandpeoplewho’vehadtrauma.There’slotsofone-to-onehelpintheroomtoo.Thecomediansgivepeopleahandtowritetheircomedyandexploresomedarktimesfromtheirhistory.Whilethecoursecan’ttaketheplaceofmedicaltreatment,talkingaboutourtraumainafunnywayindeedhelps.Comedycanhelptobuildcommunity.Whenwebringourstoriesaliveforothers,itmakesotherpeoplefeellessalone.Havingourexperiencesmirroredbacktousishugelycomforting.(1)Whopioneeredthefreecourse?_______________________________________________________________________(2)Howlongwillthecourselast?________________________________________________________________________(3)Wheredoescomedycomefromaccordingtothepassage?_______________________________________________________________________(4)YourfriendPeterisnowgoingthroughatrauma.Wouldyouliketoadvisehimtotakethecoursementionedinthepassage?Whyorwhynot?_______________________________________________________________________五、書面表達(dá)：本大題共2小題，共50分。40.假如你是李華，你校英語公眾號將推出以“科技”為主題的系列推送。請你用英文給公眾號留言，介紹一個(gè)你認(rèn)為最實(shí)用的設(shè)備（device）或應(yīng)用程序（app），并描述它給生活帶來的便利。提示詞語：technology,communicate,learn,convenient,time-saving提示問題：●

Whatdeviceorappdoyouwanttointroduce?●

Whatbenefitsdoesitbringtopeople?Technologyisnowbecomingmoreandmoreimportantinourlife.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________41.分享不是失去，而是一種增值。某英文網(wǎng)站正在開展以“分享”為主題的征文活動(dòng)。假設(shè)你是李華，請你用英文寫一篇短文投稿，介紹你的一次分享經(jīng)歷以及收獲。提示詞語：join,knowledge,teach,progress,receive提示問題：●Whatwasyourexperienceofsharing?●Whathaveyoulearnedfromit?Sharingisnotaboutlosing;it’saboutgainingmore.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

1.【解析】考查人稱代詞。句意：大多數(shù)人認(rèn)為鍛煉能讓他們保持健康。此處為“keep+賓語+形容詞（fit）作賓補(bǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“使某人處于健康的狀態(tài)”，賓語應(yīng)用賓格形式，此處應(yīng)用them，指代mostpeople。故選B項(xiàng)。2.【解析】考查介詞辨析。句意：你打算在母親節(jié)為你媽媽做些什么？A.in后接年、月、季節(jié)等較長的時(shí)間；B.at后接具體的時(shí)刻；C.on后接具體的某一天或某一天的上午、下午、晚上等；D.to到……。根據(jù)空后“Mother’sDay”可知，母親節(jié)是具體的某一天，所以用介詞on。故選C。3.【解析】考查連詞辨析。句意：我們必須在周五前完成這項(xiàng)工作，否則我們會(huì)錯(cuò)過這個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)。A.and和，并且（表并列或順承）；B.but但是（表轉(zhuǎn)折）；C.or否則，或者（表選擇或否定條件）；D.so所以（表結(jié)果）。根據(jù)句意，“必須在周五前完成工作”與“會(huì)錯(cuò)過機(jī)會(huì)”之間是一種否定條件關(guān)系，即如果不完成工作，就會(huì)錯(cuò)過機(jī)會(huì)，“or”在此處表示“否則”，符合語境。故選C項(xiàng)。4.【解析】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：——打擾一下，我可以坐靠窗戶的座位嗎？——抱歉，那個(gè)座位已經(jīng)有人了。A.must必須，表示義務(wù)或強(qiáng)制；B.should應(yīng)該，表示責(zé)任或建議；C.need需要，表示必要性；D.may可以，表示請求允許。根據(jù)“Excuseme”可知，此處是禮貌地提出請求，詢問是否可以坐靠窗戶的座位，因此用may表示請求允許。故選D。5.【解析】考查疑問詞辨析。句意：——你多久在學(xué)校幫忙大掃除一次？——一個(gè)月兩次。A.Howmany多少，用于詢問可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量；B.Howmuch多少，用于詢問不可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量或價(jià)格；C.Howlong多長，用于詢問時(shí)間的長短或物體的長度；D.Howoften多久一次，用于詢問動(dòng)作發(fā)生的頻率。根據(jù)答語“Twiceamonth.(一個(gè)月兩次)”可知，此處是在詢問做某事的頻率，應(yīng)用Howoften。故選D項(xiàng)。6.【解析】考查比較級。句意：《你好，李煥英》這部電影讓我們比以前更理解父母。根據(jù)than可知，此處使用副詞比較級修飾動(dòng)詞understand，well的比較級是better意為“更好”符合句意。故選B。7.【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：昨天我到家時(shí)，我爸爸正在看中央電視臺的新聞?？仗幨侵骶涞闹^語動(dòng)詞，根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語“whenIarrivedhomeyesterday”可知，“到家”這一動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去，而“看新聞”是在“到家”這個(gè)過去時(shí)間點(diǎn)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，應(yīng)用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，其結(jié)構(gòu)為“was/were+現(xiàn)在分詞”。主語Myfather是第三人稱單數(shù)，be動(dòng)詞用was，watch的現(xiàn)在分詞是watching。故選A。8.【解析】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：——嗨，瑪麗。你昨晚玩得開心嗎？——嗯，好壞參半。天氣很糟糕，但我們?nèi)ヂ犃艘魳窌?huì)。根據(jù)句中“l(fā)astnight”（昨晚）可知，對話描述的是過去發(fā)生的事情，應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用過去式enjoyed。故選B項(xiàng)。9.【解析】考查現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。句意：——湯姆，你的小妹妹在哪里？——她現(xiàn)在正在后院玩。根據(jù)句中的時(shí)間狀語“now”（現(xiàn)在）可知，句子描述的是當(dāng)前正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，其結(jié)構(gòu)為“am/is/are+現(xiàn)在分詞”，主語“she”是第三人稱單數(shù)，be動(dòng)詞用is，play的現(xiàn)在分詞是playing，因此空處應(yīng)填isplaying。故選A項(xiàng)。10.【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：自1997年以來，北京已向新疆和田派遣了數(shù)千名志愿者?？崭裉幨侵^語動(dòng)詞，根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語since1997可知，應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，故選D項(xiàng)。11.【解析】考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：明年我們小區(qū)將建一個(gè)新花園。根據(jù)句中時(shí)間狀語“nextyear(明年)”可知，此處應(yīng)用一般將來時(shí)；且主語“Anewgarden(一個(gè)新花園)”與謂語動(dòng)詞“build(建造)”之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，即花園被建造，因此應(yīng)用一般將來時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，其結(jié)構(gòu)為“willbe+過去分詞”。故選C項(xiàng)。12.【解析】考查賓語從句。句意：——你能告訴我你每天什么時(shí)候閱讀嗎？——通常在晚上。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處是賓語從句，作為動(dòng)詞tell的賓語，賓語從句需要用陳述語序，即“主語+謂語”的結(jié)構(gòu)，所以排除選項(xiàng)C和選項(xiàng)D，這兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)都是疑問語序；再根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語“everyday”和答語“Usuallyintheevening”可知，此處描述的是經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作，應(yīng)該用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，所以排除選項(xiàng)B，選項(xiàng)B是一般過去時(shí)。故選A。13.【解析】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：湯姆是一位優(yōu)秀的足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員。他八歲時(shí)開始踢足球。根據(jù)句中時(shí)間狀語“whenhewas8yearsold”可知，此處描述的是過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞begin用過去式began。故選B項(xiàng)。14~16.【解析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹伯奇水族館的志愿者工作相關(guān)信息，包括要求和職責(zé)等。

1.

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Fromstudentsandworkingadultstoretiredprofessionals,BirchAquariumhasbeenenrichedbyserviceandknowledgefromvolunteersofallbackgrounds.(從學(xué)生、在職人員到退休專業(yè)人士，伯奇水族館因各種背景志愿者的服務(wù)和知識而變得豐富多彩。)”可知，志愿者有著各種各樣的背景。故選D項(xiàng)。

2.

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Requirements中的“Beatleast18yearsold.(年滿18歲。)”可知，志愿者需要滿足的條件是年齡在18歲及以上。故選A項(xiàng)。

3.

推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段“ThankyouforyourinterestinvolunteeringwithBirchAquarium(水族館).(感謝您對參與伯奇水族館的志愿活動(dòng)感興趣。)”可知，文章圍繞伯奇水族館的志愿者工作展開，介紹了志愿者的作用、工作時(shí)長、要求以及職責(zé)等內(nèi)容，這些信息都是針對想要獲得志愿者經(jīng)驗(yàn)的人而寫的。故選B項(xiàng)。17~19.【解析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要描述了Kelly在藝術(shù)課上成長的過程，并通過與同學(xué)Sophia的互動(dòng)，表達(dá)了每個(gè)人都有自己獨(dú)特的才能和優(yōu)勢，互相欣賞與激勵(lì)。

1.

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“WhenKellywastwelve,shestartedtakingclassesatMissGrace’sSchoolforArt.Shedidn’tlikeitatfirst:the“noviceartists”—thekidswhohadn’treallydoneartbefore—workedmostlywithclay,andKellywasaterriblesculptor(雕塑家).(Kelly十二歲時(shí)，開始在Grace小姐的藝術(shù)學(xué)校上課。她一開始并不喜歡：那些“新手藝術(shù)家”——那些以前沒有真正做過藝術(shù)的孩子——主要是用粘土創(chuàng)作的，而凱利是個(gè)糟糕的雕塑家)”可知，當(dāng)Kelly開始在藝術(shù)學(xué)校上課時(shí)，她不擅長這門課。故選C。

2.

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“Kellysmiled.“Maybenotrightnow.Butifyoumovetheselinesup...”shesaid,pointingherfingeronSophia’spaper.(Kelly笑了?！耙苍S不是現(xiàn)在。但是如果你把這些線往上移動(dòng)……她用手指著索菲亞的紙說)”和倒數(shù)第二段“Sophiawasquietforamoment.“That’sagreatidea!”shesaidfinally.(Sophia沉默了一會(huì)兒?！昂弥饕?！”她最后說)”可知，Kelly在美術(shù)課上啟發(fā)了Sophia的創(chuàng)造力。故選B。

3.

推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第六段“Sophiaraisedhereyebrows.“Imightbeareallygoodcopierofthestuff,butIhavenoideawhattodowhenitcomestomakingupmyownimages.Youaresogreatatmakingnewthingsoutoftheoldstuff.I’velovedyourworks.”(Sophia揚(yáng)起了眉毛?！拔铱赡苁且粋€(gè)很好的復(fù)制者，但我不知道該怎么做，當(dāng)涉及到創(chuàng)建我自己的形象。你很擅長從舊事物中創(chuàng)造出新事物。我喜歡你的作品。”)”和倒數(shù)第五段““I’velovedyours,too,”Kellysaid.(“我也愛你的，”Kelly說)”并結(jié)合文章中兩人其它的對話，我們能從文章中了解到：每個(gè)人都有自己的長處。故選C。20~22.【解析】本文是一篇議論文。主要論述像科學(xué)家一樣思考和交流永遠(yuǎn)不嫌早，強(qiáng)調(diào)科學(xué)交流的重要性。

1.

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Otherscientistsneedtounderstandtheworkwellenoughtousethesenewdevelopmentstomakeevenmorediscoveriesinthefuture.Thepublic,too,needstounderstandhowthesediscoveriesmightinfluencetheirlives.Butnoneofthiswillbepossibl