UnitlFestivalsaroundtheworld語(yǔ)法篇

掌握本單元重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法--情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，并能熟練應(yīng)用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞相關(guān)語(yǔ)法解決相應(yīng)的語(yǔ)法練習(xí)

一、重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞

情態(tài)動(dòng)詞是一種本身有一定的詞義，表示說(shuō)話人的情緒、態(tài)度或語(yǔ)氣的動(dòng)詞，但不能單獨(dú)作謂

語(yǔ)，只能和其他動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)。本單元學(xué)習(xí)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法。

1.may與might的用法

情態(tài)

用法例句

動(dòng)詞

表示允許、許可。否定答語(yǔ)一般---MayIwatchTVaftersupper?

要用mustn't,表示“禁止、阻止”---Yes,youmay./No,youmustn't.

之意。

在表示請(qǐng)求、允許時(shí)，might比-MightIuseyourtelephone?

may

may的語(yǔ)氣更委婉一些。在日常---Yes,please.

與

口語(yǔ)中，用can征詢對(duì)方意見(jiàn)更為—May/CanIgohomenow?

might

常見(jiàn)。---Yes,youmay/can.

表示可能性的推測(cè)，含有“或許”Whathesaidmaybetrue.

“大概”“可能”之意，用mightShemaycometomorrow.

代替may時(shí)，則語(yǔ)氣顯得更加不Hemighthavesomefever.

目。

2.can與could的用法

情態(tài)

用法例句

動(dòng)詞

表示能力Someofuscanusethecomputernow,butwe

cancouldn'tlastyear.

與表示客觀的可能性Itwillbesunnyinthedaytime,butitcouldrain

couldlateronthisevening.

表示請(qǐng)求和允許-CanIgonow?

---Yes,youcan.

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表示請(qǐng)求，口語(yǔ)中常用could代替Couldyouwaitafewdayforthemoney?

can,使語(yǔ)氣更加婉轉(zhuǎn)Couldyoupleaseshowmethewaytothe

station?

表示驚異、懷疑、不相信的態(tài)度Canthisnewsbetrue?

（主要用于否定句、疑問(wèn)句和驚Itcan'tbetheheadmaster.He'sgonetoBeijing.

嘆句中）Howcanyoubesofoolish!

3.will與would的用法

情態(tài)

用法例句

動(dòng)詞

用于表示意志或意愿。Will指現(xiàn)Iwillneverdothatagain.

在，would指過(guò)去Theysaidthattheywouldhelpus.

will表示請(qǐng)求、建議等，用would比Willyoupleasetakeamessageforme?

與用will委婉、客氣些Wouldyoupleasepasshimthebook?

would表示習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作，譯為“總是”Fishwilldiewithoutwater.

“慣于"。Will指現(xiàn)在，would指Everyevening,shewouldsitbythewindow,

過(guò)去deepinthought.

表示預(yù)料或猜想Itwouldbeabouttenwhenhelefthome.

Ithoughthewouldhavetoldyouaboutthat.

用于否定句中，表示“不肯"''不NomatterwhatIsaid,hewouldn'tlistentome.

樂(lè)意”

4.shall與should的用法

情態(tài)

用法例句

動(dòng)詞

用于第一、第三人稱疑問(wèn)句Whatshallwedonext?

shall中，表示說(shuō)話人征求對(duì)方的意ShallIdothewashing-up?

見(jiàn)Whenshallmybrotherbeabletoleavehospital?

用于第二、第三人稱的陳述句Youshallgowithme.（命令）

中，表示說(shuō)話人給對(duì)方的命Youshallhaveanewdressforyourbirthday.（允

令、警告、允諾或威脅諾）

Heshallbepunished.（威脅）

表示勸告或建議，作“應(yīng)該”Weshouldbestrictwithourselves.

should講Youshouldkeepyourpromise.

表示推測(cè)，作“可能”、“該”Theroadsshouldbelesscrowdedtoday.

講IshouldhavefinishedreadingitbyFriday.

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Why/how+should結(jié)構(gòu)表示W(wǎng)hyshouldyoubesolatetoday?

說(shuō)話人對(duì)謀事不能理解、感到（你今天怎么來(lái)的這么晚？）

驚異等意思，譯為“竟會(huì)”Idon'tknowwhyyoushouldthinkthatIdidit.

（我真不明白你憑什么認(rèn)為這件事是我干的。）

5.must,may(might)和can表示“推測(cè)”的用法

情態(tài)

用法例句

動(dòng)詞

must只能用于肯定句，表示可能(1)---Look,someoneiscoming.Whocanitbe?

性很大的一種推測(cè)，作“肯---Itmaybetheheadmaster.

定”“一定”講---Itcan'tbehim.HehasgonetoShanghai.

may用于肯定句中（可能，或許，---ThenitmustbeMr.Zhang.Helookslikethe

/might大概）；用于否定句中（可headmaster.

能不）。表示可能性較小的(2)---Whatcantheybetalkingabout?

一種推測(cè)——Theymay/mustbetalkingaboutthe

can表示推測(cè)時(shí)，只用于否定句questionraisedatthemeeting.

和疑問(wèn)句中(3)---Cantheyhavefinishedthework?

---Yes,theymay/musthavefinishedit.

---No,theycan'thavefinishedtheworkso

soon.

---Thentheymusthaveplayedsomuch.

6.should與oughtto用法

對(duì)比點(diǎn)shouldoughtto

表勸告、建議“有責(zé)任有必要”做某事

Youshouldlistentothedoctor'sYououghttofinishyourwork

1.表“應(yīng)該”

advice.beforeyougohome.

WeshouldlearnfromZhangHua.Weoughttohelpeachother.

“非?？赡堋钡氖拢勺g為“總

Theyshouldgethomebynow.應(yīng)該”

2.表“估計(jì)”

Ifwestarttoworkrightnow,we

oughttofinishitbeforelunch.

1)should還可在虛擬語(yǔ)氣中的使用

2)注意：oughtto的疑問(wèn)式及否定式

---Oughthetogo?

注意：

-Yes,Ithinkheoughtto.

---No,heoughtn'tto.

否定式:oughtn'ttodo(不說(shuō)oughttonotdo)反疑問(wèn)句：oughtn't______?

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7.need與dare用法

對(duì)比點(diǎn)needdare

Hedarenotsayso.

1.情態(tài)V.+動(dòng)詞原Dareshegooutaloneatnight?

Heneednot(needn't)go.

形HowdareyousayI'munfair?

---Needwedoitagain?

1）否定式Ifhedaredothat,he'llbe

---No,youneedn'tdoitagain.

2）疑問(wèn)式punished.

Idaresay.(固定用法)

2.實(shí)義v.+todoHeneedstogo.Hedarestosay.

1）肯定式Hedoesn,t(doesnot)needtogo.Hedoesnot(doesn't)daretosay.

2）否定式Doesheneedtodoitagain?Ifyoudaretojumpintothewater

3）疑問(wèn)式No,hedoesn'tneedtodoitagain.fromhere,sodareI.

3.didnotneedto

Shedidn'tneedtoattendthemeetingyesterday,andshestayedwithher

do表示過(guò)去沒(méi)必

children^她沒(méi)有參加)

要做

8.usedto與would用法

usedtowould

1.只表示過(guò)去動(dòng)作的重復(fù)，有明確的時(shí)間

狀語(yǔ)。

1.表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作、狀態(tài)，重在與現(xiàn)在情況的

Iwouldgotoseemygrandfatheron

對(duì)比，不一定要有時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。

Sundaywhenhewasinthemiddleschool.

Iusedtoplaycardsalot,butnowIseldomplay.

2.would后只接表動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞，不接表認(rèn)

Myhometownisnotwhatitusedtobe.

識(shí)或狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞

Heusedtobenervousintheexam.

2.表示過(guò)去的習(xí)慣有時(shí)可互換：

Whenwewereveryyoung,weusedto/wouldgoskatingeverywinter.

3.表示過(guò)去的次數(shù)時(shí)，不能使用：

(V)WewenttotheGreatWallfivetimeswhenwewereyoung.

(X)Weusedtogo/wouldgototheGreatWallfivetimeswhenwewereyoung.

注：usedtodo的否定式：usedn'ttodo或didntusetodo(usedn't也可寫(xiě)作usen't)

疑問(wèn)式：_{Didyouusetodo?_Didn'tyouusetodo?

Usedyoutodo?Usedn'tyoutodo?

例1.(2019北京卷27.)Ihaveawordwithyou?Itwon'ttakelong.

A.CanB.MustC.ShallD.Should

解析：本題考察的是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞基本意義辨析。can能夠，可能；must必須，一定；非得；shall將要;

should應(yīng)該；句意:我可以和你談?wù)剢?？不?huì)花很多時(shí)間的。根據(jù)句意可知本題使用CanI…？表示

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詢問(wèn)對(duì)方是否允許。如：CanIuseyourdictionary?我可以使用你的字典嗎？

答案：Ao

例2.（2019大綱卷）30.AlthoughyoufindbargainsinLondon,ifsnotgenerallyacheap

placetoshop.

A.shouldB.needC.mustD.can

解析：should應(yīng)該，竟然；need需要；must必須，一定；非得，偏偏；can能夠，可能，有時(shí)會(huì)…；

根據(jù)句意“盡管你有時(shí)可能會(huì)在倫敦找到便宜貨，但總得說(shuō)來(lái)那不是一個(gè)購(gòu)物的便宜的地方?！备?/p>

據(jù)句義可知can表示有時(shí)可能，有時(shí)會(huì)…；

答案：Do

例3.（2019湖南卷）---I'vepreparedallkindsoffoodforthepicnic.

—Doyoumeanwebringanythingwithus?

A.can'tB.mustn'tC.shan'tD.needn't

解析：本題考察的是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞意義辨析。can't不可能；不能；mustn't禁止，千萬(wàn)不能；needn't不

必不需要；根據(jù)句意我已經(jīng)為野餐準(zhǔn)備了各種食物?！蹦闶侵肝覀儾槐貛魏螙|西了？”

根據(jù)句意可知前者已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備了一切食物，所以后者不需要帶任何東西。

答案：Do

例4.（2019江蘇卷）Itwassadtomethatthey,sopoorthemselves,bringmefood.

A.mightB.wouldC.shouldD.could

解析：本題考察的是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的特殊意義。might也許；would會(huì)，過(guò)去常常做某事；should應(yīng)該，

竟然；could能夠；根據(jù)句意“讓我難過(guò)的是，如此貧窮的他們竟然給我?guī)?lái)了食物。”根據(jù)句意可

知本句中的should表示“竟然”。

答案：Co

例5.（2019江西卷）Lifeisunpredictable;eventhepoorestbecometherichest.

A.shallB.mustC.needD.might

解析：根據(jù)句意“生活是無(wú)法預(yù)測(cè)的，甚至最貧窮的人也許會(huì)成為最富有的人?！备鶕?jù)前句“Lifeis

unpredictable.”說(shuō)明一切都有可能，所以使用might表示存在的可能性。

答案：Do

基礎(chǔ)演練

1.（2019陜西卷）Mybook,TheHouseofHales,ismissing.Whohavetakenit?

A.needB.mustC.shouldD.could

2.（2019四川卷）IstillremembermyhappychildhoodwhenmymothertakemetoDisneylandat

weekends.

A.mightB.mustC.wouldD.should

3.一How'syourtouraroundtheNorthLake?Isitbeautiful?

一Itbe,butitisnowheavilypolluted.

A.mightB.wouldC.shouldD.must

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4.(2019重慶卷)I'veorderedsomepizza,soweworryaboutcookingwhenwegethometired.

A.can'tB.darenotC.needn'tD.maymot

5.WriteinsimpleEnglishinorderthateverybody_____understandyou.

A.mayB.mustC.shouldD.will

6.Youmissthelecture,thoughyouhaveit.

A.mustn't;needn'tB.needn't;mustn'tC.mustn't;mustn'tD.can't;needn't

7.—Betternothavetheoperationrightnow.

A.Imustn'tB.Ishouldn'tC.Iwon'tD.Ican't

8.Thetrainwastenminuteslate,soI______haverunallthewayfrommyhousetothestation.

A.couldn'tB.shouldn'tC.needn'tD.mustn't

9.TmnotgoingsimplybecauseIdon'tseewhyI_______.

A.willB.wouldC.shouldD.shall

10.---______youmakesomuchnoise?

—Sorry,riltakecarenotto.

A.Must;B.CanC.MayD.Would

Keys：

1-5:DCCCA6-10ACCCA

鞏固提高

一、用適當(dāng)?shù)那閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞填空

1.Thereis20minutesleft.We(not)havetobeinsuchahurry.

2.Whereismywatch?Ireallycan'tfindit.Whereitbe?

3.Thedoctortoldtheoldmanthatheavoideatingfat.

4.It'stoolate.Ithinkhegotobed.

5.youmindmytroublingyouwithafewquestions?

二、單項(xiàng)選擇

1.You_____returnthebooknow.Youcankeepittillnextweekifyoulike.

A.can'tB.mustn'tC.needn,tD.maynot

2.Acomputer_____thinkforitself,itmustbetoldwhattodo.

A.can'tB.couldn'tC.maynotD.mightnot

3.一CouldIborrowyourdictionary?

一Yes,ofcourseyou_____.

A.mightB.willC.canD.should

4.Petercomewithustonight,butheisn'tverysureyet.

A.mustB.mayC.canD.will

5.——ShallItellJohnaboutit?

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一No,you.I'vetoldhimalready.

A.needn'tB.wouldn'tC.mustn'tD.shouldn't

Keys：

一、1.needn't2.can3.should4.must5.Would

二、1-5CACBA

1.一I'vetakensomeoneelse'sgreensweaterbymistake.

一ItHarry's.Healwayswearsgreen.

A.hastobeB.willbeC.mustn'tbeD.couldbe

2.Itwassadtomethatthey,sopoorthemselves,bringmefood.

A.mightB.wouldC.shouldD.could

3.I'veorderedsomepizza,soweworryaboutcookingwhenwegethometired.

A.can'tB.darenotC.needn,tD.maynot

4.一ShallIinformhimofthechangeoftheschedulerightnow?

一Iamafraidyou,incasehecomeslateforthemeeting.

A.willB.mustC.mayD.can

5.Don'tworryaboutyourfuture.Aslongasyoutryyourbest,agreatfuturewaitforyouon

yourway.

A.wouldB.canC.mustD.should

6.Johnny,you_____playwiththeknife,you____hurtyourself.

A.won't;can'tB.mustn't;mayC.shouldn't;mustD.can't;shouldn't

7.Thefirespreadthroughthehotelveryquicklybuteveryone_____getout.

A.hadtoB.wouldC.couldD.wasableto

8.Oneought_____forwhatonehasn'tdone.

A.nottobepunishedB.tonotbepunishedC.tonotpunishedD.notbepunished

9.Fmsurprisedthathe_____intheexam.

A.shouldfailB.wouldhavefailedC.mayhavefailedD.shouldhavefailed

10.Thelittlegirl_____therealone.

A.notdaregoB.daresnotgoC.darenotgoD.darenottogo

11.Hesaidhewouldrathernot_____itrightnow.

A.doingB.todoC.doD.tobedoing

12.一MayIstophere?

一No,you_____.

A.mustn'tB.mightnotC.needn'tD.won't

13.Pleaseopenthewindow,_____?

A.can'tyouB.aren'tyouC.doyouD.willyou

14.It'safineday.Lefsgofishing,_____.

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A.won'tweB.willweC.don'tweD.shallwe

15.一Willyourbrotherstayhometonight?

——I'mnotquitesure.Hetothecinematonight.

A.mustgoB.cangoC.maygoD.maybegoing

Keys：

1-5DCCBD6-10BDADC11-15CADDC

一、完型填空

Dadisaliar（說(shuō)謊者）certainly.

Henevertellsthetruthaboutanythingbad,oranythingthathethinksis1tome,eventhoughFve

toldhimthatIdon't2hearingthesethings.

He'sthe3manIhaveevermet,whoneverhurtsothers,aswellasthecrudestman,forhe9s

alwayshardonhimself.EverytimeIphonedhomefromcollegeandaskedDadhowhis生wasgettingon,

hewouldalwaysreply,“Oh,couldn'tbe5!”WhenIaskedmymumthesamequestiononthephone,

6__,shehonestlytoldmeevery7withDad'sbusiness.Ididn'tblameDadforhis8InsteadI

showedconcernforhim.

Dadisamiser（吝嗇鬼）,undoubtedly.

IhardlyseeDadwear9clothes.Infact,hiscloset（衣櫥）ishalfempty.Eveninthishal￡

two-thirdsisoccupiedbyMum'sclothesandtheotherone-thirdbelongstohim.IIPhimtobuysome

newclothes,11hesimplyshookhishead,uTheoldclothesarestillgoodenough.^^

Werethey?Isawholesinthem!

IttoremyheartupwhenIsawDadcoughterriblywithhishandcoveringhis12.Whenthepains

becameveryserious,he13tooksomemedicine.

Soitsurprised14whenthedaycamethatDadgotsick.Hewaslyinginbed,andallthefamily

gatheredaroundhim.Ikneltbyhisbedside,tearsfillingmyeyes.

DearDad,you'vebeenpushingyourselftoohard,whichyoushouldnothave.IknowImightaswell

15arivertoflowbackwardashopetotalkyououtofworkingsohard.ButIstillwanttosay,“Dad,

takebettercareofyourself!

1.A.interestingB.goodC.badD.valuable

2.A.mindB.meanC.enjoyD.allow

3.A.cleverestB.strongestC.biggestD.kindest

4.A.healthB.businessC.experimentD.treatment

5.A.betterB.harderC.easierD.healthier

6.A.meanwhileB.anywayC.howeverD.therefore

7.A.changeB.differenceC.decisionD.problem

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8.A.beliefB.opinionC.liesD.excuses

9.A.cheapB.newC.cleanD.casual

10.A.beggedB.orderedC.excitedD.helped

11.A.soB.butC.sinceD.although

12.A.headB.earC.eyesD.mouth

13.A.stillB.evenC.onlyD.seldom

14.A.somebodyB.anybodyC.everybodyD.nobody

15.A.begB.allowC.expectD.cause

二、閱讀理解

InOctoberontheeastcoastofAustraliamigrating（遷徙）humpbackwhales（座頭鯨）passverycloseto

theshore.WiththehelpofMaxEgan,wewenttofilmthemnearByronBay.Itwasextremelyexcitingto

spotthelittlepuffe（水柱）ofsprayonthehorizon.Whenmigrating,thewhalescanbetravelingatspeedsof

about12km/handcandiveunderanywherebetweenfiveandfortyminutes,butwi