PAGE1專題11強調(diào)句的用法內(nèi)容早知道?第一層鞏固提升練考點一強調(diào)句的基本用法考點二強調(diào)句與定語從句的辨析?第二層能力培優(yōu)練?第三層拓展突破練?第四層高考真題練強調(diào)句的基本用法【知識積累·練前熱身】【知識積累·練前熱身】1.基本句型Itis/was+被強調(diào)部分+that/who+其他部分（1）強調(diào)句It沒有詞義，但不可被代替；（2）It后的be動詞只用單數(shù)形式is/was，具體用哪個看時態(tài)；（3）被強調(diào)部分可以是主語、賓語和狀語等，但不能用來強調(diào)謂語；（4）被強調(diào)部分指人，其后可用that或who；其他情況只用that。特征：把“Itis/was...that/who...”從句子中劃掉，所剩內(nèi)容的正好是一個句意清晰、成份完整的句子。2.強調(diào)不同的句子成分陳述句：Imetmyoldfriendinthestreetlastnight.強調(diào)主語：Itwas

I

that/whometmyoldfriendinthestreetlastnight.強調(diào)賓語：Itwas

myoldfriend

that/whomImetinthestreetlastnight.強調(diào)地點狀語：Itwas

inthestreet

thatImet

myoldfriend

lastnight.強調(diào)時間狀語：Itwas

lastnight

thatImet

myoldfriend

inthestreet.3.強調(diào)句的幾種句式（1）一般疑問句Is/Wasit+被強調(diào)部分+that/who+其他部分Is/Wasit+被強調(diào)部分+that/who+其他部分（把is/was提到it前面，其他不變。）肯定句：ItwasIthat/whomet

myoldfriend

inthestreetlastnight.疑問句：Wasityouthat/whomet

myoldfriend

inthestreetlastnight?（2）特殊疑問句被強調(diào)部分（通常是疑問代詞或疑問副詞）+is/was+it+that/who+其他部分

肯定句：Itwas

inthestreet

thatImet

myoldfriend

lastnight.特殊疑問句：Wherewasitthatyoumet

myoldfriend

lastnight?（3）“not...until...”的強調(diào)句Itis/wasnotuntil+被強調(diào)部分+that/who+其他部分陳述句：Hedidn’tgotobeduntil/tillhismothercameback.

強調(diào)句：Itwasnotuntil

hismothercameback

that

hewenttobed.

1.Onthecontrary,

IthinkitisTrumanthat________(be)toblame.【答案】is【詳解】句意：相反，我認為是楚門要被責(zé)備?？疾閺娬{(diào)句。若對主語進行強調(diào)，則that/who之后謂語應(yīng)與被去掉主語保持人稱和數(shù)的一致。該句是對主語Truman進行強調(diào)，謂語動詞應(yīng)與主語Truman保持一致。句子使用的是“itis”，使用一般現(xiàn)在時，故答案是is。2.

John’ssuccesshasnothingtodowithgoodluck.Itisyearsofhardwork_______

hasmadehimwhatheistoday.【答案】that【詳解】句意：John的成功與好運無關(guān)，是多年的努力成就了現(xiàn)在的他。考查強調(diào)句。yearsofhardwork是被強調(diào)部分，作主語。故答案是that。3.Was_______becauseJackcamelateforschoolthatMr.Smithgotangry?【答案】it【詳解】句意：史密斯先生是因為杰克上學(xué)遲到才生氣的嗎?考查強調(diào)句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，題干是強調(diào)句型的一般疑問句形式，其結(jié)構(gòu)為：“Wasit+被強調(diào)成分+that+其他成分”。本題強調(diào)的是原因狀語從句becauseJackcamelateforschool。故填it。4.It____(be)JaneandMarywhohelpedmetheotherday.【答案】was【詳解】句意：正是簡和瑪麗在前些時候幫助了我。考查強調(diào)句。分析句子，句子符合的是強調(diào)句的結(jié)構(gòu)：itis/was強調(diào)部分+that/who+其他部分。此處對Jane和Mary進行強調(diào)，同時表述的是過去事實，應(yīng)該使用一般過去時,故填was。5.—Wasitbycuttingdownstaff___________shesavedthefirm?—No,itwasbyimprovingworkefficiency.【答案】that【詳解】句意：——是不是通過裁員她才拯救了公司的命運?——不是，是通過提高工作效率。考查強調(diào)句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，問句為強調(diào)句型的一般疑問句形式：Wasit+被強調(diào)部分+that+其他?

被強調(diào)部分為bycuttingdownstaff。故填that。6.Itwasnotuntilshetookoffherdarkglasses________IrealizedshewasaclassmatewhomIhadn’tseenformanyyears.【答案】that【詳解】句意：直到她摘下墨鏡，我才意識到她是我多年未見的同學(xué)?？疾閺娬{(diào)句型。根據(jù)句意并分析句子成分可知，此處是“直到……才……”的強調(diào)句型“Itwasnotuntil...that...”，因此空格處是that，故填that。7.—Whatwasit________madeDaisywildwithjoy?—HersuccessintheA-levelexamthisyear.【答案】that【詳解】句意：——是什么使黛西欣喜若狂?——她在今年的A-level考試中取得了成功使她欣喜若狂?？疾閺娬{(diào)句式。結(jié)合語境這是強調(diào)句型特殊疑問句式；特殊疑問詞+was/isitthat+其他，缺少強調(diào)句型缺少引導(dǎo)詞that。故填that。8.Itisnothowmuchwedobuthowmuchloveweputintowhatwedo________benefitsourworkmost.【答案】that【詳解】句意：不是我們做了多少而是我們在我們所做的事情中投入了多少愛，對我們的工作最有益。考查強調(diào)句。該強調(diào)句型強調(diào)的是句子的主語，而句子主語是not...but...連接的兩個句子。故答案為that。9.Itwasthegirlwithblacksunglasses________knockeddowntheoldman.【答案】who/that【詳解】句意：是那個戴黑色太陽鏡的女孩打倒了那位老人。考查強調(diào)句。本處是強調(diào)句，是Itis/was+

被強調(diào)部分+that/who

結(jié)構(gòu)；強調(diào)的是thegirlwithblacksunglasses，故填who或that。10._______

isnotthefilmitselfthatmakespeoplemove,buttheheroesofthewaryearswhofoughtbloodilyforourcountryandthepeople.【答案】It【詳解】句意：讓人感動的不是電影本身，而是戰(zhàn)爭年代為祖國和人民浴血奮戰(zhàn)的英雄們。考查強調(diào)句型。分析句子可知，此處是強調(diào)句型“Itis+被強調(diào)部分+that/who+其他部分”。該空位于句首，首字母應(yīng)大寫，故填I(lǐng)t。強調(diào)句與定語從句的辨析【知識積累·練前熱身】【知識積累·練前熱身】1.強調(diào)句與定語從句的辨析強調(diào)句的結(jié)構(gòu)為“Itis/was＋被強調(diào)部分＋that/who＋其他部分”。Itis/was和that/who在句中不作任何成分，也不起連接作用，去掉后，句子依然完整。定語從句的關(guān)系詞that既起連接作用還在從句中充當(dāng)成分，去掉以后結(jié)構(gòu)就不完整了。Itisaquestionthatneedscarefulconsideration.（強調(diào)句）ItisnovelsthatMissWangenjoysreading.（定語從句）（1）itis/was和that對句子的影響強調(diào)句中的itis/was和that去掉后，句子依然成立；而定語從句中it是主語，是不可以省略的（2）時態(tài)強調(diào)句中的be動詞只有is或was兩種形式，且需要與后面的句子時態(tài)保持一致；而定語從句中be動詞時態(tài)由主句時間確定。（3）that的省略在強調(diào)句結(jié)構(gòu)中，that是不可以被省略的；而在定語從句中that可以被省略2.謂語動詞的強調(diào)

Itis/was…that…強調(diào)句型結(jié)構(gòu)不能強調(diào)謂語。如果句子需要強調(diào)謂語時，用助動詞do/does或did。

Ilikeyou.我喜歡你。→I

do

likeyou.我確實喜歡你。Shelikesthehandsomeboy.她喜歡這帥氣的男孩。→She

does

likethehandsomeboy.她確實喜歡這帥氣的男孩。TheboylikedhisEnglishteacher.這個男孩喜歡他的英語老師。→Theboy

did

likehisEnglishteacher.這個男孩確實喜歡他的英語老師。注意：強調(diào)謂語只用do/does和did，第三人稱單數(shù)一般現(xiàn)在時和過去時用does/did，后面的謂語動詞用原形。1.ItwasSunday________wepaidavisittothemuseum.【答案】when【詳解】句意：我們參觀博物館的時候是星期天?？疾槎ㄕZ從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空格處應(yīng)填入連詞連接前后兩個句子。結(jié)合句意,when意為“當(dāng)……時候,在……期間”,符合題意。故填when。2.ItwasonSunday________wepaidavisittothemuseum.【答案】that?！驹斀狻烤湟猓何覀兪窃谛瞧谔靺⒂^博物館的?？疾閺娬{(diào)句。本句去掉Itwas….that..，變成onSundaywepaidavisittothemuseum。語法正確，是強調(diào)句型。故答案是that。3.—Wheredidyoufindtheprofessorwhomadethespeechyesterday?—Itwasinthe

hall______thestudentsoftenhaveameeting.【答案】where【詳解】句意：——你在哪里找到了昨天做演講的那位教授？——正是在學(xué)生們經(jīng)常開會的禮堂里?？疾槎ㄕZ從句。先行詞thehall后面的一個定語從句中不缺少主語，賓語和表語，故用關(guān)系副詞where做地點狀語。故填where。4.________letyourmotherknowallthetruth.Sheappearstohavebeentoldeverything.【答案】Do【詳解】句意：一定要讓你母親知道所有的真相。她似乎被告知一切了。考查強調(diào)句。此處強調(diào)謂語動詞，應(yīng)用助動詞do/does/did。根據(jù)后半句的appears，是一般現(xiàn)在時。應(yīng)填do。首字母大寫。故填Do。5.ItisontheafternoonofSeptember1st______Imetheratthesupermarket.【答案】that【詳解】句意：正是在9月1日的下午我在超市遇到了她?？疾閺娬{(diào)句。題中ontheafternoonofSeptember為強調(diào)部分，可還原成正常語序ImetheratthesupermarketontheafternoonofSeptember。強調(diào)句型中去掉Itis/was…that后句子仍通順，意義仍完整。故填that。6.Ifyouhaveajob,do________(devote)yourselftoitandfinallyyou’llsucceed.【答案】devote【詳解】句意：如果你有一份工作，一定要全身心投入并且最終你會成功的。考查強調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，逗號后是省略主語you的祈使句，do強調(diào)謂語動詞，后接動詞原形形式。故填devote。7.Itwasinthebackyard________myfatherplantedmanyvegetables________hedugupastatue.【答案】where；

that【詳解】句意：就是在我父親種了許多蔬菜的后院里，他挖了一座雕像?？疾槎ㄕZ從句和強調(diào)句。第一空________myfatherplantedmanyvegetables是定語從句修飾先行詞backyard，從句缺少地點狀語，故用where；第二空為強調(diào)句itwas+被強調(diào)部分+that，被強調(diào)部分為inthebackyardwheremyfatherplantedmanyvegetables。故填where和that。8.Itwasinthesmallhouse________wasbuiltwithstoneshespenthischildhood.【答案】which；that【詳解】句意：他在這個用石頭建立的小屋子里度過了他的童年時光?？疾槎ㄕZ從句和強調(diào)句。由句子結(jié)構(gòu)看出這是一個含有定語從句的強調(diào)句，先行詞是thesmallhouse，“________wasbuiltwithstones”為定語從句，從句缺少主語，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which/that引導(dǎo)該從句。故填which/that。9.She________(do)tellmeaboutthemeeting,butItotallyforgotaboutit.【答案】did【詳解】句意：她確實告訴了我會議的事，但我完全忘記了。考查時態(tài)和強調(diào)。由并列謂語forgot用一般過去時可知，謂語動詞tell也用一般過去時，此處強調(diào)謂語，用助動詞did來表示強調(diào)。故填did。10.Itwasinthisoldschool________thegovernmentbuiltin1968________hereceivedgoodeducation.【答案】which/that;that【解析】句意：正是在那座由當(dāng)?shù)卣?968年建造的學(xué)校里，他接受了良好的教育?？疾槎ㄕZ從句和強調(diào)句。分析句子可知，________thegovernmentbuiltin1968為定語從句，先行詞thisoldschool在從句中作賓語，第一空用關(guān)系代詞which/that。第二空構(gòu)成強調(diào)句，用固定句型“itis+被強調(diào)部分+that/who+其余部分”，被強調(diào)部分非人，應(yīng)用that。故填which/that;that。一、閱讀理解閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AYetalthoughofficerswillnotdisappear,it’shardtoimaginethatworkinglifewillreturntobefore-COVID-19(新冠肺炎)ways.Formorethanacenturyworkershavepushedthemselveson-tocrowdedtrainsandbuses,orsufferedtrafficjams,togetintotheoffice,andback,fivedaysaweek.However,forthepastoneyeartheyhavenothadtocommute(上下班往返),andmayenjoyitforalongtime.Employers,fortheirpart,havesupportedexpensiveofficesincitycentersbecausetheyneedtogatherworkersinoneplace.Therentisonlypartofthecost;therearecleaning,lightning,printers,cateringandsecurityontop.Needlesstosay,inthehomeworkingerathesecostsarecutdown.Anotherpartofthehomeworkingeramaybethedisappearanceofthefive-dayworkingweek.EvenbeforetheCOVID-19manyworkersbecameusedtotakingphonecallsoransweringemailsattheweekend.Inthehomeworkingera,thedividinglinebetweenhomeandworkinglife,ausefulwayofrelievingstress,willbeevenhardertokeep.Itmaybelostaltogether.What’smore,withouttheMonday-to-Fridaycommute,theweekendseemsmore

nebulous,foremployeesmaywalkandtakebreaksfreely,withonlythecompanyvideocallsunchanged.Lookingfurtherout,thehomeworkingeramaybringotherchanges.Somemaydecidetoliveinsmalltownswherehousingcostsarelower,sincetheyhavenoneedtocommute.Menwillhavefewerexcusestoskipcleaningorchildcareiftheyarenotdisappearingtotheoffice.Inasense,thisisareturntonormal:untilthe19thcenturymostpeopleworkedatorclosetotheirhomes.Butsocialhistoriansmaystillregard2020asthestartofanewage.1.WhichoneisthechangeoftheworkinglifeaftertheCOVID-19?A.Livinginbigcities.

B.Moretrafficjams.C.Reducedworkingcost.

D.Lessphonecallsattheweekend.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“nebulous”meaninthe4thparagraph?A.Important.

B.Unclear.

C.Fruitful.

D.Annoying.3.Whichwordcanbestdescribethewriter’sattitudeinthelastparagraph?A.Doubtful.

B.Objective.

C.Supportive.

D.Negative.4.What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?A.2020:theStartofaNewAge?B.WorkingatHome:AreYouReady?C.WhoistheWinner:EmployerorEmployee?D.HomeandWorkingLife:HowtoKeepBalanced?【答案】1.C

2.B

3.B

4.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了在2020年新冠肺炎之后，上班族的工作方式發(fā)生了變化，以在家辦公為主。社會歷史學(xué)家將2020年視為一個新時代的開始。【1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Needlesstosay,inthehomeworkingerathesecostsarecutdown.(不用說，在家辦公的時代，這些成本被削減了。)”可知，降低工作成本是新冠肺炎后工作生活的變化之一。故選C項?！?題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第段中“What’smore,withouttheMonday-to-Fridaycommute,theweekendseemsmore

nebulous,foremployeesmaywalkandtakebreaksfreely,withonlythecompanyvideocallsunchanged.(更重要的是，沒有了從周一到周五的通勤，周末似乎是更加______________，因為員工們可以自由走動和休息，只有公司的視頻電話沒有變化。)”由于沒有了從周一到周五的通勤，這個上班的和周末的概念應(yīng)該是變得模糊不清了，可知，下劃線的單詞nebulous意為“朦朧的，模糊不清的”。故選B項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Inasense,thisisareturntonormal:untilthe19thcenturymostpeopleworkedatorclosetotheirhomes.Butsocialhistoriansmaystillregard2020asthestartofanewage.(從某種意義上說，這是一種常態(tài)的回歸：直到19世紀，大多數(shù)人都是在家工作或在家附近工作。但社會歷史學(xué)家可能仍將2020年視為一個新時代的開始。)”可知，客觀性一詞最能描述作者在最后一段的態(tài)度。故選B項。【4題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中“Yetalthoughofficerswillnotdisappear,it’shardtoimaginethatworkinglifewillreturntobefore-COVID-19(新冠肺炎)ways.(然而，盡管辦公人員不會消失，但很難想象工作生活將回到新冠肺炎之前的方式)”以及最后一段中“Butsocialhistoriansmaystillregard2020asthestartofanewage.(但社會歷史學(xué)家可能仍將2020年視為一個新時代的開始。)”可知，本文主要講述了在2020年新冠肺炎之后，上班族的工作方式發(fā)生了變化，以在家辦公為主，社會歷史學(xué)家將2020年視為一個新時代的開始。一詞本文的最佳標(biāo)題選項A“2020：新時代的開始?”最符合題意。故選A項。BWhatdoyouthinkof80spopmusic?DothenamesGeorgeMichael,MadonnaandMichaelJacksonsoundfamiliar?Well,thesearejustsomeofthenamesthatwerewell-knowninthemusicsceneofthe80sandearly90s.The80spopmusicscenewasanimportantsteptothepopularity(普及)ofpresent-daymusic.Anewwaveinthemusicscenewasintroduced,whichmadesuchmusicstylesaspunkrock,rapmusicandtheMTVpopular.Althoughitwasanendtotheold60sand70sstyles,itwasalsothebeginningofsomethingbig.Thepopularityofmusicvideosmeantthatartistsnowreplacedtheirguitar-basedmusicwithvisualdisplays.Anewwaveofartistscameonthesceneandtheentireindustrydevelopedquickly.Themostfamous80spopmusicvideoisMichaelJackson’sThriller.Introducedin1982,fewpeoplecanforgetthevideonotonlybecauseofitsnever-be-foreseenimages,butalsobecauseofthepopularityitreceived.Thinkofhow80spopmusicchangedthelivesofpeoplewhogrewupinthe80s.Askayoungmantodaytotellyouthenamesofthe“NewKidsontheBlock”andhewillstarttalkingabouttheneighborkidswhojustmovedin.Thesearenottheanswersyoumighthaveheardinthe80s.Thoughtoday’syoungmendonotrecognizehowcool80spopmusicwas,mostpeoplewillalwaysrememberitforwhatitwasandthesearehappymemoriestheywillalwayslove.Someofthe80spopmusiclegends(傳奇人物)includeMadonna,U2,AeroSmithandofcoursetheKingofPopMichaelJackson.Let’snotforgetPrince,TinaTurner,PhilCollinsandMotown’sLionelRitchie.Someofthesemusiciansplayedmusicthathasstoodthetestoftime.Undoubtedly,the80spopmusicscenewillliveonformanymoreyearstocome.5.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Thecharactersof80spopmusic.

B.Whatmade80spopmusicpopular.C.80spopmusic’sstepstopopularity.

D.Theeffectsof80spopmusic.6.80spopmusicmainlyincludesthefollowingstylesEXCEPT________.A.guitar-basedmusic

B.theMTV

C.rapmusic

D.punkrock7.MichaelJackson’sThrillerimpressedpeoplesodeeplymainlybecause________.A.itchangedthelivesofpeople

B.hesangitinaspecialstyleC.itwasmadeintoamusicvideo

D.itleftpeoplewithhappymemories8.Thepurposeofthelastparagraphistotellreadersthat________.A.80spopmusicisandwillremainpopular

B.80spopmusichasmanyfaultsC.80spopmusicisnowoutofdate

D.weshouldn’tforgetthegreatmusiciansofthe80s【答案】5.B

6.A

7.C

8.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了20世紀80年代的流行音樂流行的原因，并列舉了一些音樂家及其作品?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。文章第一段中的“Thepopularityofmusicvideosmeantthatartistsnowreplacedtheirguitar-basedmusicwithvisualdisplays.Anewwaveofartistscameonthesceneandtheentireindustrydevelopedquickly.”（音樂視頻的流行意味著藝術(shù)家們現(xiàn)在用視覺顯示器取代了以吉他為基礎(chǔ)的音樂。新一波的藝術(shù)家出現(xiàn)了，整個行業(yè)迅速發(fā)展起來。）以及其他段落提到的著名音樂家們可知，是音樂視頻的流行以及著名音樂家們使80年代音樂流行起來。因此本文主要介紹了20世紀80年代的流行音樂流行的原因。故選B項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“Anewwaveinthemusicscenewasintroduced,whichmadesuchmusicstylesaspunkrock,rapmusicandtheMTVpopular.”（音樂界掀起了一股新的浪潮，使朋克搖滾、說唱音樂、MTV等音樂風(fēng)格大受歡迎。）可知，八十年代出現(xiàn)的新的音樂形式有朋克搖滾、說唱音樂和MTV。A項guitar-basedmusic沒有出現(xiàn)。故選A項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Introducedin1982,fewpeoplecanforgetthevideonotonlybecauseofitsnever-before-seenimages.”（1982年推出，很少有人能忘記這段視頻，這不僅是因為它以前從未見過的圖象。）可知，因為musicvideo的引進，使得這首歌曲深入人心。故選C項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Undoubtedly,the80spopmusicscenewillliveonformanymoreyearstocome.”（毫無疑問，80年代的流行音樂將在未來的許多年里繼續(xù)存在。）可知，作者最后一段的寫作目的在于告訴讀者八十年代的流行音樂現(xiàn)在和將來都將流行。故選A項。二、完形填空閱讀下面短文，從短文后所給的A、B、C、D三個選項中選出能填入相應(yīng)空白處的最佳選項。Yesterday,Iwenttothebookstoretopickupapresentformymother’sbirthday.IfoundoneofthebooksIwanted,butnottheother.WhenIwentto1

,IaskedtheclerkbehindthecounterifIcould

2

thesecondbook.Aladywasstanding3

behindmeatthecheckout.Theclerksaidshecouldorderthebookforme,butwouldImindifshelettheladybehindmepayforher

4

first.Theladybehindmesaidno,itwasfine,she’dwait.Ittooknearly15minutesto5

myorderthrough!Theladybehindmehada(n)

6

chatwithusfortheentiretime.Whenitfinallycametimeformetopay,I7

two$10offcardsonthecounter.Theclerkinformedmetheofferwasonlyvalid(有效的)forthebookIwasbuyingin-storeandwouldn’t

8

forthebookI’dordered.ThismeantthatI’dhaveone$10offcard

9

.“Youcancomebackandbuyanotherbook.”theclerk10

.“Theofferisvaliduntiltheendoftheweek.”Ithoughtaboutthisforamillisecondandthen11

tofacetheladybehindmewho’dbeensopatient,kind,andcharmingthroughtheverylongwaitatthecheckout,“Here.”Igaveherthe$10offcard.Shewasvery12andsaid,“Really?”The13didn’tcostmeanything.IknewIwouldn’tbebackbeforetheendoftheweekandit14someonewhoseattitudeleftasmileinmyheart.Most15awin-winmoment.1.A.pay B.discount C.fold D.pack2.A.achieve B.order C.receive D.apply3.A.nearby B.nextto C.atrandom D.inline4.A.purchases B.products C.cards D.presents5.A.see B.go C.put D.pull6.A.brief B.anxious C.confidential D.friendly7.A.sent B.placed C.signed D.delivered8.A.use B.count C.work D.account9.A.left B.abandoned C.applied D.sold10.A.interrupted B.repeated C.smiledD.evaluated11.A.turneddown B.turnedaround C.turnedup D.turnedin12.A.calm B.relieved C.fearful D.surprised13.A.gift B.book C.attitude D.patience14.A.appreciated B.rewarded C.stimulated D.reminded15.A.potentially B.necessarily C.frequently D.definitely【答案】1.A2.B3.D4.A5.C6.D7.B8.C9.A10.C11.B

12.D13.A

14.B

15.D【解析】這是一篇記敘文。講述了作者去書店為媽媽挑選一件生日禮物，結(jié)賬時被告知只能使用一張優(yōu)惠卡，于是作者選擇把其中一張送給了排在自己后面一直耐心等待的女士，作者認為這種是一種雙贏的做法。【1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我去付款時，我問柜臺后面的店員我是否可以訂購第二本書。A.pay支付；B.discount折扣；C.fold折疊；D.pack包裝。根據(jù)上文“IfoundoneofthebooksIwanted”可知作者拿了書準備去付款，故選A?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我去付款時，我問柜臺后面的店員我是否可以訂購第二本書。A.achieve實現(xiàn)；B.order訂購；C.receive收到；D.apply申請。呼應(yīng)后文“shecouldorderthebookforme”指作者想要再訂購第二本書。故選B?！?題詳解】考查固定短語辨析。句意：結(jié)賬的時候，有位女士排隊站在我后面。A.nearby附近的；B.nextto緊挨著；C.atrandom隨便地；D.inline排隊。根據(jù)后文“behindmeatthecheckout”可知結(jié)賬的時候有個女士排隊在作者后面。故選D?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：店員說她可以幫我訂這本書，但問我是否介意她讓我后面的那位女士先付款。A.purchases所購物；B.products產(chǎn)品；C.cards卡片；D.presents禮物。根據(jù)上文“l(fā)ettheladybehindmepayforher”指讓排在后面的女士先為自己的所購物付款，故選A?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我的訂單花了將近15分鐘才通過。A.see看見；B.go離開；C.put放置；D.pull拉。根據(jù)后文“myorderthrough”可知為短語pullthrough“通過”。故選C?！?題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我后面的女士一直和我們友好地聊天。A.brief簡要的；B.anxious焦慮的；C.confidential機密的；D.friendly友好的。根據(jù)后文“chatwithusfortheentiretime”在等待過程中女士一直和作者友好聊天。故選D?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：最后輪到我付錢的時候，我在柜臺上放了兩張10美元的優(yōu)惠卡。A.sent寄出；B.placed放置；C.signed署名；D.delivered遞送。根據(jù)后文“two$10offcardsonthecounter”可知指將兩張10美元的支付卡放在柜臺上。故選B?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：店員告訴我，這個優(yōu)惠只對我在店里買的書有效，對我訂購的書無效。A.use使用；B.count數(shù)數(shù)；C.work起作用；D.account解釋。根據(jù)后文“forthebookI’dordered”指優(yōu)惠卡對訂購的書不起作用，work符合語境。故選C?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這意味著我會剩一張10美元的優(yōu)惠卡。A.left留下，離開；B.abandoned拋棄；C.applied應(yīng)用；D.sold出售。優(yōu)惠卡對訂購的書無效，意味著作者會剩下一張10美元的優(yōu)惠卡。故選A。【10題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：“你可以回來再買一本書?！钡陠T笑著說。A.interrupted打斷；B.repeated重復(fù)；C.smiled微笑；D.evaluated評估。根據(jù)后文“Theofferisvaliduntiltheendoftheweek.”店員善意的提醒，可知店員態(tài)度很好，微笑著提醒作者的。故選C?！?1題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：我想了一毫秒，然后轉(zhuǎn)過身對我身后那位在漫長的結(jié)賬過程中一直那么耐心、善良、迷人的女士說：“給你?！盇.turneddown關(guān)?。籅.turnedaround轉(zhuǎn)身；C.turnedup開大；D.turnedin上交。根據(jù)上文“Theclerksaidshecouldorderthebookforme,butwouldImindifshelettheladybehindmepayforher4first.”可知，女士在作者的后面，由此可知作者需要轉(zhuǎn)過身才能和女士說話。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她非常驚訝地問：“真的嗎？”A.calm平靜的；B.relieved安慰的；C.fearful害怕的；D.surprised驚訝的。作者和女士是陌生人，卻要送女士優(yōu)惠卡，所以女士很驚訝。故選D?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這份禮物沒花我一分錢。A.gift禮物；B.book書；C.attitude態(tài)度；D.patience耐心。作者把優(yōu)惠卡當(dāng)作禮物送給女士，即這份禮物并沒有花作者的錢。故選A?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我知道我不能在周末之前回來，這對那些在我心中留下微笑的人來說是一種回報。A.appreciated感激；B.rewarded獎勵，回報；C.stimulated促進；D.reminded提醒。根據(jù)后文“someonewhoseattitudeleftasmileinmyheart”可知這張優(yōu)惠卡是作者對那些在自己心中留下微笑的人的一種回報。故選B?！?5題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：這絕對是一個雙贏的時刻。A.potentially可能地；B.necessarily必要地；C.frequently頻繁地；D.definitely清楚地。根據(jù)后文“awin-winmoment”可知作者得到了別人的善意，別人也收到了作者的優(yōu)惠卡作為回報，所以絕對是一個雙贏的時刻。故選D。一、閱讀理解閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AKoalasliveintheeucalyptus

（枝樹）forestsofsoutheasternandeasternAustralia.Theyrelyontheeucalyptustreeforbothhabitatandfood.Infact,theyseldomleavethesetrees.Whennotsleeping,they'reusuallyeating.Theycaneatmorethanapoundofeucalyptusleavesaday.Eucalyptusispoisonous,sothekoala'sdigestive

（消化的）systemhastoworkhardtodigestit,breakingdownthepoisonsandtakinginthelimitednutrients

（營養(yǎng)）.That'swhykoalassleepfor18to22hoursaday—theygetverylittleenergyfromtheirdiet.Koalanumbersdecreasedinthelate19thandearly20thcenturyfromhuntingfortheirfur.Nowtheyfaceseriousthreatsfromhabitatloss.Landclearingandbushfires-especiallythe2019-2020AustraliaBushfireSeason-havedestroyedmuchoftheforesttheylivein.Koalasareeasytobeaffectedbyclimatechange.Increasingcarbondioxideintheatmosphereisdecreasingthenutritionalqualityofeucalyptusleavesandcausinglonger,moreseriousdroughtsandwildfires.Inresponsetodrought,koalasarcforcedtostopsleepingandcomedownfromthetreestofindwater,puttingthematahigherriskofbeingkilled.KoalashavebeenidentifiedbytheAustraliangovernmentasoneofthe113animalsrequiringurgent

（緊急的）help.Ensuringthere'stherightkindofforestforthemtoreturntoisextremelyurgent.Stategovernmentsshouldcreatenewkoalareservesandpersuadelandownersnottocutdowneucalyptustrees.Meanwhile,gettingthepublictounderstandkoalas'livinghabitsandtheirhealthwillthrowlightonkoalabiology,whichhelpstodevelopplanstobetterprotectthespecies.1.Whatcanwelearnaboutkoalas?A.Theylikemovingaroundverymuch.B.Theyhavedevelopedsmartsurvivalskills.C.TheycanbefoundeverywhereinAustralia.D.Theyoftengotillwhileeatingeucalyptusleaves.2.Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytalkabout?A.Koalas'newly-formedhabits.

B.Koalas'decreasingpopulation.C.ThepotentialthreatstoKoalas.

D.Theoutcomesofincreasedcarbondioxide.3.Whatisthemostimportantthingtodorightnowtoprotectkoalas?A.Conducttheresearchontheirlivinghabits.B.Makesuretheycanhavetheirhabitatback.C.Realizethattheyaresensitivetoclimatechange.D.Educatepeopleabouttheawarenessofprotectingthem.4.Fromwhichisthetextprobablytaken?A.Anaturemagazine.

B.Atravelbrochure.C.Asportsnewspaper.

D.Ahealthmagazine.【答案】1.B

2.C

3.B

4.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了考拉這種動物和考拉面對的生存危機，并提出了保護措施。【1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第四句到第六句“Whennotsleeping,they'reusuallyeating.Theycaneatmorethanapoundofeucalyptusleavesaday.Eucalyptusispoisonous,sothekoala'sdigestive

（消化的）systemhastoworkhardtodigestit,breakingdownthepoisonsandtakinginthelimitednutrients

（營養(yǎng)）.That'swhykoalassleepfor18to22hoursaday—theygetverylittleenergyfromtheirdiet.”（不睡覺的時候，它們通常在吃東西。它們一天可以吃超過一磅的桉樹葉。桉樹有毒，所以考拉的消化系統(tǒng)必須努力消化它，分解有毒物質(zhì)，吸收有限的營養(yǎng)，這就是考拉一天要睡18到22個小時的原因——它們從食物中獲得的能量非常少。）可知，考拉已經(jīng)發(fā)展出了聰明的生存技能。故選B?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“Nowtheyfaceseriousthreatsfromhabitatloss.”（現(xiàn)在它們面臨著棲息地喪失的嚴重威脅。）和第四句“Koalasareeasytobeaffectedbyclimatechange.”（考拉很容易受到氣候變化的影響。）可知，第二段主要是講考拉面對的潛在威脅。故選C?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段第二句“Ensuringthere'stherightkindofforestforthemtoreturntoisextremelyurgent.”（確保有適合它們返回的森林是非常緊迫的。）可知，確保它們能回到自己的棲息地是現(xiàn)在保護考拉要做的最重要的事情。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。這篇文章是介紹考拉和考拉面對的生存危機，并提出了保護措施，所以應(yīng)該來自一本自然雜志。故選A。BDogsareoftenreferredtoas“man’sbestfriend”.ButMacKenzie,afour-poundchihuahua,whowasnamedwinnerofthe2020AmericanHeroDogCompetitiononOctober19,2020,ismakingtheworldabetterplaceforhumansandanimalsalike.Initstenthyearin2020,theannualcontestisthebrainchildofAmericanHumaneAssociation,thecountry’sfirstnationalcharitableorganizationfoundedforthesafetyandwell-beingofanimals.Oftencalledthe“Oscarsfordogs”,theawardrecognizesdogswhomakeextremelygreatcontributions(貢獻)tosociety.Thecompetitionof2020attractedover400entriesfromacrossthecountry.Theseheroicdogshavegoneabovethecallofduty,savinglives,comfortingtheillandagedandremindingusofthepowerful,age-oldtiesbetweenanimalsandpeople.Whileallwereimpressive,itwastinyMacKenziewhowonthejudges’hearts.MacKenzie’spathtostardomwasnoteasy.Bornwithamouthdisability,shehadtobefedthroughatube(管子)forthefirstyearofherlife.Despiteherownstruggles,shealwaysseemedtothinkmoreofotheranimalsinneed.“NeverhaveIseensuchawilltolive.Thoughsick,shecarefullylookedafterthebabyanimalsattherescue(救助)center,”saidhercaretaker.Alife-savingoperationperformedin2014gaveMacKenzietheabilitytoeatindependently.Theseven-year-oldchihuahuaisnowworkingfortheMiaFoundationsNewYork-basedcharitableorganizationthatrescuesandnursesanimalswithinborndisabilities.Thechihuahuadoesanexcellentjobandhasraisedvariousanimals.Sheplaysnurse,cleans,comfortsandhugsthem,actingastheirmotherandteachingthemhowtosocialize,playandhavegoodmanners.Inadditiontoherroleasananimalcaretaker,MacKenziealsovisitsschoolstoeducatekidsabouttheimportanceofacceptingphysicaldifferencesinbothanimalsandpeople.Herheart-warmingandinspiringstorymakesheraworthyreceiverofAmericanstopdoghonor!5.WhatcanwelearnabouttheAmericanHeroDogCompetition?A.Itwasstartedbyacharitableorganization.B.Itwasmeanttohonorcaretakersofdogs.C.Ittakesplaceeverytenyears.D.Itwasfirstheldin2012.6.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesMacKenzie?A.Talentedandstrong.

B.Courageousandselfless.C.Funnyandfriendly.

D.Confidentandpicky.7.InwhichaspectcanstudentsbenefitfromMacKenzie’svisits?A.Learningfromfailures.

B.Valuingphysicalhealth.C.Understandingthedisabled.

D.Developingpracticalability.8.What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A.DogsAreMan’sBestFriendsB.TreatDogstheWayWeWanttoBeTreatedC.2020AmericanHeroDog:ATinyChihuahuaD.TouchingStoriesBetweenMacKenzieandPeople【答案】5.A

6.B

7.C

8.C【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了2020年美國英雄狗狗大賽的冠軍——一只4磅重的小吉娃娃狗MacKenzie——的故事以及獲獎的原因?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Initstenthyearin2020,theannualcontestisthebrainchildofAmericanHumaneAssociation,thecountry’sfirstnationalcharitableorganizationfoundedforthesafetyandwell-beingofanimals.(到2020年，這個一年一度的比賽已經(jīng)舉辦了10年，它是美國人道組織的創(chuàng)意，這是美國第一個為動物安全和福祉而成立的全國性慈善組織。)”可知，美國英雄狗大賽是由一個慈善組織發(fā)起的。故選A項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“Bornwithamouthdisability,shehadtobefedthroughatube(管子)forthefirstyearofherlife.Despiteherownstruggles,shealwaysseemedtothinkmoreofotheranimalsinneed.“NeverhaveIseensuchawilltolive.Thoughsick,shecarefullylookedafterthebabyanimalsattherescue(救助)center,”saidhercaretaker.(她生來就有口腔殘疾，在她出生的第一年里，她必須通過導(dǎo)管進食。盡管她自己也在掙扎，但她似乎總是更多地為其他需要幫助的動物著想?！拔覐膩頉]有見過這樣的求生意愿。盡管生病了，她還是在救援中心細心地照顧著這些小動物?！彼恼疹櫿哒f。)”MacKenzie天生嘴有缺陷，在極其艱難的情況下，她奮力抗?fàn)幓盍讼聛?，可知她是很勇敢的；盡管生病了，她小心翼翼地照顧動物救援中心的小動物和總是更多地考慮其他需要幫助的動物，可知她是無私的。故選B項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Inadditiontoherroleasananimalcaretaker,MacKenziealsovisitsschoolstoeducatekidsabouttheimportanceofacceptingphysicaldifferencesinbothanimalsandpeople.

(除了作為動物照顧者的角色，MacKenzie還訪問學(xué)校，教育孩子們接受動物和人的生理差異的重要性。)”可知，MacKenzie對學(xué)校的訪問可使學(xué)生們進一步的了解殘疾人。故選C項?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Dogsareoftenreferredtoas“man’sbestfriend”.ButMacKenzie,afour-poundchihuahua,whowasnamedwinnerofthe2020AmericanHeroDogCompetitiononOctober19,2020,ismakingtheworldabetterplaceforhumansandanimalsalike.(狗通常被認為“人類最好的朋友”。但是，一只4磅重的吉娃娃狗MacKenzie在2020年10月19日贏得了2020年美國英雄