PAGE1專題04定語(yǔ)從句之關(guān)系副詞的用法內(nèi)容早知道?第一層鞏固提升練考點(diǎn)一關(guān)系副詞的基本用法考點(diǎn)二“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”的用法?第二層能力培優(yōu)練?第三層拓展突破練?第四層高考真題練關(guān)系副詞的基本用法【知識(shí)積累·練前熱身】【知識(shí)積累·練前熱身】定語(yǔ)從句除了由關(guān)系代詞（that,which,who,whom等）引導(dǎo)外，還可由關(guān)系副詞when,where,why引導(dǎo)，它們?cè)趶木渲凶鳡钫Z(yǔ)。1.關(guān)系副詞when引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句當(dāng)定語(yǔ)從句所修飾的先行詞是表示時(shí)間的名詞，且在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，用when引導(dǎo)，也可以用“介詞+which”來(lái)代替when。Iwillneverforgetthedaywhen/onwhichanearthquakestruckWenchuan,SichuanProvince.我永遠(yuǎn)也不會(huì)忘記四川省汶川縣發(fā)生地震的那一天。2.關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句當(dāng)定語(yǔ)從句所修飾的先行詞是表示地點(diǎn)的名詞，且在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)?shù)攸c(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，用where引導(dǎo)，也可以用“介詞+which”來(lái)代替where。Thehousewhere/inwhichIlivedtenyearsagohasbeenpulleddown.我10年前居住的那所房子已經(jīng)被拆了。3.關(guān)系副詞why引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句當(dāng)先行詞是reason且從句缺少狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，用why引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，相當(dāng)于forwhich。Thereasonwhy/forwhichIwaslatewasthatmycarbrokedownontheway.我遲到的原因是我的汽車在路上拋錨了。??注意：1.如果定語(yǔ)從句前面的先行詞是situation,stage,point,case,position,condition,activity,scene,occasion,spot等抽象地點(diǎn)名詞，且在從句中作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，應(yīng)用where來(lái)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。LetLet’sthinkofasituationwheretheidiomcanbeusedproperly.

讓我們想出一個(gè)可以正確使用該習(xí)語(yǔ)的情況。Today,we’lldiscussanumberofcaseswherebeginnersofEnglishfailtousethelanguageproperly.

今天，我們將討論一些關(guān)于英語(yǔ)初學(xué)者對(duì)英語(yǔ)使用不當(dāng)?shù)那闆r。2.先行詞是point(時(shí)刻)，occasion(時(shí)刻)等抽象時(shí)間的名詞，且關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，也應(yīng)用when引導(dǎo)。Wehadreachedthepointwhentherewasnomoneyleft.3.當(dāng)先行詞為way，意為“方法、方式”。若在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，可用關(guān)系代詞which或that；作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，要用inwhich或that或不填。Thewaythat/which/不填heexplainedtouswasquitesimple.Thewaythat/inwhich/不填

heexplainedthesentencetouswasnotdifficulttounderstand.1．Istillrememberthatafternoon________Ifellasleeponthebusandwentpastmystop.【答案】when【詳解】句意：我還記得那天下午，我在公共汽車上睡著了，過(guò)了站?？疾槎ㄕZ(yǔ)從句。分析句子，空處引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞afternoon，指時(shí)間，在從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，故用when。故填when。2．Thereason________wecouldsucceedwasthatwecouldworkefficientlyasateam.【答案】why【詳解】句意：我們能夠成功的原因是我們可以作為一個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)高效地工作?？疾槎ㄕZ(yǔ)從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，從句中結(jié)構(gòu)完整，應(yīng)該用關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)，先行詞是reason，所以應(yīng)該用why引導(dǎo)。故填why。3．Pleasetakemetoadistantland________Icanfindtheanimalthatgavefurtomakethissweater.【答案】where【詳解】句意：請(qǐng)帶我去一個(gè)遙遠(yuǎn)的地方，在那里我可以找到為制作這件毛衣提供皮毛的動(dòng)物?？疾槎ㄕZ(yǔ)從句。句中先行詞為land，在定語(yǔ)從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，所以用關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)。結(jié)合句意，故填where。4．Istillremembertheyear_________westudiedtogether.【答案】when【詳解】句意：我仍然記得我們一起學(xué)習(xí)的那一年?？疾槎ㄕZ(yǔ)從句。分析句子，空處引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞theyear，先行詞指時(shí)間，關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，所以使用關(guān)系副詞when引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。故填when。5．Theschool________wevisitedyesterdayisnewlybuilt.【答案】that/which/不填【詳解】句意：我們昨天參觀的學(xué)校是新建造的?？疾槎ㄕZ(yǔ)從句。分析句子，空處引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞theschool，先行詞指物，關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作動(dòng)詞visited的賓語(yǔ)，所以空處應(yīng)填寫關(guān)系代詞that/which。故填that/which/不填。6．Occasionsarequiterare______Ihavethetimetospendadaywithmykids.【答案】when【詳解】句意：我花一天時(shí)間和孩子們?cè)谝黄鸬臋C(jī)會(huì)是非常罕見(jiàn)的。考查定語(yǔ)從句。分析句子可知，這是一個(gè)包含定語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句，先行詞為occasion，表示時(shí)間，且先行詞在從句中做狀語(yǔ)，故用關(guān)系副詞when來(lái)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，故填when。7．Theywereputintoaposition________theyhadnorighttovoteortobeelected.【答案】where【詳解】句意：他們處于無(wú)選舉權(quán)和無(wú)被選舉權(quán)的處境中?？疾槎ㄕZ(yǔ)從句?？涨翱蘸蠖际蔷渥樱栌眠B接詞引導(dǎo)空后從句。因?yàn)榫渥痈诿~position之后作定語(yǔ)從句，關(guān)系詞在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，用關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)該從句。故填where.8．Icanneverforgettheday______weworkedtogetherandtheday______wespenttogether.【答案】when,which/that/不填【詳解】句意：我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記我們一起工作的日子，還有我們一起度過(guò)的日子?？疾槎ㄕZ(yǔ)從句。第一空中theday是先行詞，定語(yǔ)從句weworkedtogether是主謂結(jié)構(gòu)，work是不及物動(dòng)詞，定語(yǔ)從句不缺少主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，先行詞指時(shí)間，故用when引導(dǎo)，故填when；第二空后spent“度過(guò)”，后面缺少賓語(yǔ)，故用which/that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，也可以不填，故填which/that/不填。9．Weadmirehimfortheway________hefaceshisdifficulties.【答案】that/inwhich/不填【詳解】句意：我們欽佩他面對(duì)困難的方法。查定語(yǔ)從句。此處是限定性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞way，關(guān)系詞替代先行詞在從句作狀語(yǔ)，故填that/inwhich或不填。10．I’matanage________Idon’tknowwhatloveis,butyoursweetsmilestilltouchesme.【答案】when【詳解】句意：我已經(jīng)到了不懂什么是愛(ài)的年紀(jì)，但你甜美的笑容依然讓我感動(dòng)?？疾槎ㄕZ(yǔ)從句。句中先行詞為age，在定語(yǔ)從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，所以用關(guān)系副詞when引導(dǎo)。根據(jù)句意，故填when。“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”的用法1.“介詞1.“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞指物時(shí)，為“介詞+which”；關(guān)系代詞指人時(shí)，為“介詞+whom”;關(guān)系代詞是所有格時(shí)，為“介詞+whose”。Themantowhomyouspokeisateacher.Thecityinwhichshelivesinfarawayfromherhome.HeisthemaninwhosepocketIfoundmylostmoney.2.“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”前可能會(huì)有some,none,all,both,any,many,most,each,few,neither等代詞。Ihavemanyfriends,mostofwhich

haveagoodcommandofEnglish.Ihavemanyfriends

andmostofthem

haveagoodcommandofEnglish.3.某些在從句中充當(dāng)時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、或原因的介詞+關(guān)系代詞可以和關(guān)系副詞when,where,why互換。即when=介詞+關(guān)系代詞；where=介詞+關(guān)系代詞；why=for+關(guān)系代詞。Thisisthereasonwhy/forwhichhegaveupthechance.Thisisthecompanywhere/inwhichweworkedlastyear.I’mlookingforwardtoadaywhen/onwhichwecanenjoyacleanandquietenvironment.4.介詞選擇的三個(gè)原則:“一先”，即根據(jù)先行詞的習(xí)慣搭配或意義來(lái)確定介詞。1)Istillrememberthedayonwhich

ImetTFboys.

(ontheday在那天)2)IwillneverforgetthefarmonwhichI

workedwithyou.(onthefarm在農(nóng)場(chǎng))3)Themoneywith

which

youweretobuyfoodisgone.(with

money用錢)“二動(dòng)”，即根據(jù)定語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的習(xí)慣搭配來(lái)確定介詞。1)Doyoulikethebookonwhichshespent$10?(spendmoneyonsth花費(fèi)金錢做某事).

2)Doyoulikethebookforwhich

shepaid$10?(payfor付錢)“三意義”，即根據(jù)定語(yǔ)從句所表達(dá)的意義來(lái)確定介詞?！叭饬x”，即根據(jù)定語(yǔ)從句所表達(dá)的意義來(lái)確定介詞。1)

Air,without

whichmancan’tlive,isreallyimportant.

空氣非常重要，沒(méi)有了它人類便不能生存。

2)Thisisthemanwithwhommybrotherhasworkedfortenyears.

這就是和我弟弟一起工作了十年的那個(gè)人。??注意：并非所有介詞都可以放到關(guān)系代詞前，有些“動(dòng)詞+介詞”被視為一個(gè)固定的詞組,不可分割,這時(shí)不能把介詞置于關(guān)系代詞前,如：lookfor,lookafter,payattentionto,takecareof,lookforwardto,gothrough等。Thepatientwhomsheislookingafterisherfather.

?Thepatientafterwhomsheislookingisherfather.

?1.Bobaskedseveralpeopletocometohishomefordinnerlastnight,twoof______werehisclassmates.【答案】whom【詳解】句意：鮑勃昨晚請(qǐng)幾個(gè)人來(lái)他家吃飯，其中兩個(gè)是他的同學(xué)?？疾槎ㄕZ(yǔ)從句。分析句子可知，兩個(gè)句子之間沒(méi)有連詞，應(yīng)該考查非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞people指人，用whom作賓語(yǔ)，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，故填whom。2.Theyencounteredcountlesshardshipsthroughouttheirjourney,eachof______testedtheirwill,buttheysucceededintheend.【答案】which【詳解】句意：他們?cè)诼猛局杏龅搅藷o(wú)數(shù)的困難，每一次都考驗(yàn)了他們的意志，但他們最終成功了?？疾槎ㄕZ(yǔ)從句。分析句子可知，這里考查非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞hardships，為物，在從句中作介詞of后賓語(yǔ)，所以應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which，故填which。3.Thegas______whichwecannotliveiscalledoxygen.【答案】without【詳解】句意：沒(méi)有氧氣我們就無(wú)法生存。介詞+關(guān)系代詞?！敖樵~+關(guān)系代詞(which)”引導(dǎo)是限制性定語(yǔ)從句，介詞的選擇與和先行詞或從句中形成的搭配有關(guān)，withoutthegas(沒(méi)有這種氣體)，用介詞without。故填without。4.Inthestrangecity,therewasn’tasingleperson______whomshecouldturnforhelp【答案】to【詳解】句意：在這個(gè)陌生的城市里，她找不到一個(gè)可以求助的人?？疾榻樵~+關(guān)系代詞。分析句子可知，句子為“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的限制性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞為“person”，句中涉及固定短語(yǔ)“turntosb.forhep”，意為“向某人求助”，先行詞“person”在從句中作介詞“to”的賓語(yǔ)，故空格處應(yīng)用介詞“to”。故填to。5.Aftertenhours’drive,wecametoagreenhouse,through______glasswallwesawlotsofgreenplants.【答案】whose【詳解】句意：經(jīng)過(guò)十個(gè)小時(shí)的車程，我們來(lái)到了一所綠色的房子，透過(guò)它的玻璃墻，我們看到了許多綠色的植物?？疾槎ㄕZ(yǔ)從句。分析句子可知，此處考查非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，從句的名詞glasswall缺少定語(yǔ)，用whose表示“……的”，故填whose。6.Raisingtheretirementageisasubject______whichalltheChinesehavearguedforalongtime.【答案】about【詳解】句意：提高退體年齡是所有中國(guó)人長(zhǎng)期爭(zhēng)論的話題?？疾榻樵~+關(guān)系代詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，本句為含有“介詞+which”引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句，定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞subject，argueaboutsth表示“就某事?tīng)?zhēng)論”，所以介詞應(yīng)用about。故填about。7.Hewasthefirstoneintheuniversitytosetupacompany,_______whichhedevotedalotoftimeandenergy.【答案】to

【詳解】句意：他是村里第一個(gè)成立公司的人，為此他投入了大量的時(shí)間和精力。考查介詞+關(guān)系代詞。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析，可知逗號(hào)后是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，devote…to…是固定短語(yǔ)，意為“將……致力于……”，是介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，介詞是to，故填to。8.Theman_________whomIreceivedaletterwasmybrother!【答案】from【詳解】句意：我收到這封信的那個(gè)人是我的哥哥?？疾榻樵~+關(guān)系代詞。分析可知，man后是“介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的限制性定語(yǔ)從句，介詞取決于先行詞或從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的相關(guān)搭配。根據(jù)句意可知，我收到這封信的那個(gè)人是我的哥哥，我是從那個(gè)人那里收到信，因此空格處是“從”，receivesthfrom，即介詞from，故填from。9.Thesettlementishometonearly1000people,mostof_________lefttheirvillagehomesforabetterlifeinthecity.【答案】whom【詳解】句意：這里是將近1000人的家園，他們中的很多人為了在城市里過(guò)上更好的日子而背井離鄉(xiāng)?？疾榻樵~+關(guān)系代詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，該句是定語(yǔ)從句。關(guān)系詞前有介詞，需用“介詞+which/whom”的結(jié)構(gòu)，先行詞是people，指人。故填whom。10.Thefilmin_________heplayedtheleadingrolewasagreatsuccess【答案】which【詳解】句意：他主演的那部電影非常成功?？疾榻樵~+關(guān)系代詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，介詞in與設(shè)空處構(gòu)成“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞為Thefilm，指物，在從句中作狀語(yǔ)，因而用inwhich引導(dǎo)。故填which。一、完形填空閱讀下面短文，從短文后所給的A、B、C、D三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入相應(yīng)空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。MybrotherHenryandIweredrivinghomewhenhetookawrongturn.Thewrongturntookustowardsa___1___andwehadnowaytoturnback.___2___,mybrotherpaidthetoll(通行費(fèi))anddroveon.Hewasclearly___3___bythemistake.Wefinallyfounda(n)___4___and,aswetookit,mybrothernoticedablackcar___5___tothesideoftheroad.Ayoungmanholdingamobilephonewasstandingnearby,tryingto___6___someone.Mybrotherstoppedtoaskthemanifheneeded___7___.Andhedid.Hehada___8___tire(輪胎).Withawrench(扳手),mybrotherstartedtohelphim___9___thetire.Theyoungmansaidthatthishadbeena___10___weekforhim;earlieraminorcaraccident,andnowthisflattire.Buthecalledus“Abreathoffreshair”andkept___11___usandtriedtogive$20tous.“No,”mybrothersaid.“Wewerenever___12___toevengetonthatbridge.Wetookawrongturnandmetyou.Thankyouforturningourmistakeintoa___13___toserve.”Iwatchedmybrotherthroughthewhole___14___.Hewasabletoturnhisangerforthemistakeinto___15___energy.Hewasabletoseeachancetohelpinanegativesituation.1.A.bridge B.road C.street D.tower2.A.Undoubtedly B.Unluckily C.Unexpectedly D.Unwillingly3.A.amused B.shocked C.upset D.pleased4.A.exit B.man C.car D.sign5.A.speededup B.pulledoverC.wentout D.passedby6.A.greet B.impress C.fight D.call7.A.advice B.help C.food D.water8.A.wrong B.dirty C.small D.flat9.A.change B.roll C.pick D.buy10.A.busy B.great C.bad D.strange11.A.following B.thanking C.refusing D.admiring12.A.required B.asked C.allowed D.meant13.A.chance B.plan C.dream D.duty14.A.project B.turn C.process D.speech15.A.brave B.positive C.right D.different【答案】1.A2.D3.C4.A5.B6.D7.B8.D9.A10.C11.B12.D13.A14.C15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。哥哥亨利和“我”開(kāi)車回家時(shí)拐錯(cuò)了彎還付了通行費(fèi)，這讓哥哥非常惱火，但是在幫助路邊的一輛車換了輪胎之后，哥哥把對(duì)錯(cuò)誤的憤怒轉(zhuǎn)化為了積極的能量?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：錯(cuò)誤的轉(zhuǎn)彎把我們帶向一座橋，我們沒(méi)有辦法回頭。A.bridge橋；B.road路；C.street街道；D.tower塔。根據(jù)后文“getonthatbridge(上那座橋)”可知，此處是指帶向一座橋。故選A?！?題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我哥哥不情愿地付了通行費(fèi)，繼續(xù)開(kāi)車。A.Undoubtedly毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)地；B.Unluckily不幸地；C.Unexpectedly出乎意料地，意外地；D.Unwillingly不情愿地。根據(jù)“mybrotherpaidthetoll”可知，此處是指不情愿地付了通行費(fèi)。故選D?！?題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他顯然因這個(gè)錯(cuò)誤而心煩意亂。A.amused快樂(lè)的；B.shocked震驚的；C.upset失落的；D.pleased開(kāi)心的。根據(jù)前文“mybrotherpaidthetoll(通行費(fèi))anddroveon”可知，此處是指因這個(gè)錯(cuò)誤而心煩意亂。故選C。【4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我們終于找到了一個(gè)出口，當(dāng)我們走出去的時(shí)候，我哥哥注意到一輛黑色的汽車停在路邊。A.exit出口；B.man男人；C.car汽車；D.sign信號(hào)。根據(jù)前文“Thewrongturntookustowards”可知，此處是指找到出口下橋。故選A?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：我們終于找到了一個(gè)出口，當(dāng)我們走出去的時(shí)候，我哥哥注意到一輛黑色的汽車停在路邊。A.speededup加速；B.pulledover靠邊停車；C.wentout外出；D.passedby經(jīng)過(guò)。根據(jù)“tothesideoftheroad”可知，此處是指一輛黑色的汽車停在路邊。故選B?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：一個(gè)拿著手機(jī)的年輕人站在附近，試圖打電話給某人。A.greet問(wèn)候；B.impress使……印象深刻；C.fight打架；D.call給……打電話。根據(jù)“Ayoungmanholdingamobilephone”可知，此處是指試圖打電話給某人。故選D?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我哥哥停下來(lái)問(wèn)那個(gè)人是否需要幫助。A.advice建議；B.help幫助；C.food食物；D.water水。根據(jù)后文“mybrotherstartedtohelphim(我哥哥開(kāi)始幫他)”可知，此處是指是否需要幫助。故選B?！?題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他的輪胎漏氣了。A.wrong錯(cuò)誤的；B.dirty臟的；C.small小的；D.flat（輪胎）沒(méi)氣的，癟的。根據(jù)“Withawrench(拿著一個(gè)扳手)”可知，此處是指輪胎漏氣了。故選D?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我哥哥拿著扳手開(kāi)始幫他換輪胎。A.change更換；B.roll翻滾；C.pick拾；D.buy購(gòu)買。根據(jù)“Withawrench”可知，此處是指換輪胎。故選A。【10題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：年輕人說(shuō)這一周他過(guò)得很糟糕；之前是一場(chǎng)小車禍，現(xiàn)在又爆胎了。A.busy忙碌的；B.great極好的；C.bad糟糕的；D.strange奇怪的。根據(jù)“earlieraminorcaraccident,andnowthisflattire”可知，此處是指這一周他過(guò)得很糟糕。故選C?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但他稱我們?yōu)椤耙还尚迈r空氣”，不停地感謝我們，并試圖給我們20美元。A.following跟隨；B.thanking感謝；C.refusing拒絕；D.admiring欽佩。根據(jù)“andtriedtogive$20tous(還想給我們20美元)”可知，此處是指不停地感謝“我”們。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我們根本就沒(méi)打算上那座橋。A.required要求；B.asked詢問(wèn)；C.allowed允許；D.meant打算。根據(jù)后文“Wetookawrongturnandmetyou.(我們拐錯(cuò)了彎，遇見(jiàn)了你。)”可知，此處是指沒(méi)打算上那座橋。故選D?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：感謝您把我們的錯(cuò)誤變成提供服務(wù)的機(jī)會(huì)。A.chance機(jī)會(huì)；B.plan計(jì)劃；C.dream夢(mèng)想；D.duty責(zé)任。根據(jù)“Thankyouforturningourmistakeintoa”可知，此處是指把錯(cuò)誤變成提供服務(wù)的機(jī)會(huì)。故選A。【14題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：整個(gè)過(guò)程中我都看著哥哥。A.project項(xiàng)目；B.turn拐彎；C.process過(guò)程；D.speech演講。根據(jù)后文“Hewasabletoseeachancetohelpinanegativesituation.(他能在不利的情況下看到幫助別人的機(jī)會(huì)。)”可知，此處是指整個(gè)過(guò)程中。故選C?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他把對(duì)錯(cuò)誤的憤怒轉(zhuǎn)化為積極的能量。A.brave勇敢的；B.positive積極的；C.right正確的；D.different不同的。根據(jù)后文“Hewasabletoseeachancetohelpinanegativesituation.(他能在不利的情況下看到幫助別人的機(jī)會(huì)。)”可知，此處是指把對(duì)錯(cuò)誤的憤怒轉(zhuǎn)化為積極的能量。故選B。二、閱讀理解閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AThefirstbiteofeatingicecreamshocksandwakesyouupwithitscoldness.Nowenjoythebeautyoffourdifferenticecreamsaroundtheworld.Kakigōri,JapanKakigōri,theJapaneseversionoficecream,ismostdefinitelynotanice-creamcone(蛋卷冰激凌).SomechefsmakeKakigōribyshaving(刨)icefromiceblocks.Andtraditionalstreetsellersstillusetheirhandstoshaveiceinthesummer.Theythenaddsyrup(糖漿)totheiceinflavorslikegreentea,strawberries,grapesandmelons.Youcangetitintheplacessuchasrestaurants,coffeeshopsandsoon.Raspado,MexicoWhilesnowconesaremadeusingmuchsweetsyrup,raspadoshaverealfruitsorfreshfruitjuice.ThetreatiseverywherethroughoutMexicoandsoldatstreetcarts,whichsellarangeoffruit-basedshavedice.Sellersmakeamixtureofaraspadoandamilkshakecalled“eskimo”usingmilk,condensedmilk,freshseasonalfruit,sugar,vanillaandice.Dondurma,TürkiyeIsthereanicecreamthatdoesn’tmelt(融化)?Yes,that’sexactlywhatdondurmais.LocalsalsocallitMarasdondurma,whichisbelievedtocomefromthecityandregionofMaras.Dondurmaismadewithgoatmilk,sugar,masticandsalep.TheTurkishusuallybuytheirdondurmafromstreets.FrozenCustard,USFrozencustardisthetypicalAmericanicecreamwhichisamixtureofmilk,cream,sugarandeggs.Itisdensebecauseit’smadeinamachinethatdoesn’tletairintoit.Americansusuallyhaveachoicebetweenvanillaorchocolate.Theycanalsogoforamixtureofthetwo.1.Whatdokakigōriandraspadohaveincommon?A.Theybothhaveshavedice. B.Theyarebothhighoutput，C.Theybothonlyhavesingletaste. D.Theybothhavelowpopularity.2.Whatisincludedindondurma?A.Greentea. B.Fruitjuice. C.Goatmilk. D.Chocolate.3.Whichmaybesuitableforchocolatelovers?A.Raspado. B.Kakigōri. C.Dondurma. D.Frozencustard.【答案】1.A2.C3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了四個(gè)國(guó)家的具有代表性的冰激凌?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Kakigōri,Japan部分中“SomechefsmakeKakigōribyshaving(刨)icefromiceblocks.(一些廚師通過(guò)從冰塊上刮冰來(lái)制作Kakigōri。)”和Raspado,Mexico部分中“ThetreatiseverywherethroughoutMexicoandsoldatstreetcarts,whichsellarangeoffruit-basedshavedice.(這種美食在墨西哥隨處可見(jiàn)，在街頭手推車上出售，手推車上出售一系列水果刨冰。)”可知，kakigōri和raspado的共同之處是都有刨冰。故選A。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Dondurma,Türkiye部分中“Dondurmaismadewithgoatmilk,sugar,masticandsalep.TheTurkishusuallybuytheirdondurmafromstreets.(Dondurma是用羊奶、糖、瑪蹄脂和salep制成的。土耳其人通常在街上買他們的dondurma。)”可知，dondurma中含有羊奶。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Americansusuallyhaveachoicebetweenvanillaorchocolate.(美國(guó)人通?？梢栽谙悴莺颓煽肆χg做出選擇。)”可知，frozencustard有香草口味和巧克力口味，適合巧克力愛(ài)好者。故選D。BI’vebeenhavingtroubleconcentratingononething.Itmadeschooldifficultforme.Wheneveryoneelseintheclasswasfocusingontasks,Icouldnot.Inmyfirstliteratureclass,Mrs.Smithaskedustoreadastoryandthenwriteonit,allwithin45minutes.Iraisedmyhandrightawayandsaid,“Mrs.Smith,yousee,thedoctorsaidIhaveattentionproblems.Imightnotbeabletodoit.”Sheglanceddownatmethroughherglasses,“Youarenotdifferentfromyourclassmates,youngman.”Itried,butIdidn’tfinishthereadingwhenthebellrang.Ihadtotakeithome.Inthequietnessofmybedroom,thestorysuddenlyallbecamecleartome.Itwasaboutablindperson,LouisBraille.Helivedinatimewhentheblindcouldn’tgetmucheducation.ButLouisdidn’tgiveup.Instead,heinventedareadingsystemofraiseddots(點(diǎn)),whichopenedupawholenewworldofknowledgetotheblind.Wasn’tIthe“blind”inmyclass,beingmadetolearnlikethe“sighted”students?Mythoughtsspilledoutandmypenstartedtodance.Icompletedthetaskwithin40minutes.Indeed,Iwasnotdifferentfromothers;Ijustneededaquieterplace.IfLouiscouldfindhiswayoutofhisproblems,whyshouldIevergiveup?Ididn’texpectanythingwhenIhandedinmypapertoMrs.Smith,soitwasquiteasurprisewhenitcamebacktomethenextday—withan“A”onit.Atthebottomofthepaperwerethesewords:“Seewhatyoucandowhenyoukeeptrying?”Inspiredandtouched,Ibegantokeeptryinghardinmystudyandstruggledagainstattentionproblems.Ibelieveonecanfindhiswayoutofdifficultywithdetermination(決心)andefforts.4.Whydidn’ttheauthorfinishhisreadinginclass?A.Hemissedseveralclassesbefore.B.Hewasnotabitinterestedinliterature.C.Hewasunabletoconcentrateonhistask.D.Hewasusedtodoinghishomeworkathome.5.WhatdoweknowaboutLouisBraillefromthetext?A.Hewaspoor. B.Hewaswell-educated.C.Hewasshortsighted. D.Hewasverycreative.6.WhatkindofteacherisMrs.Smithaccordingtothetext?A.Impatient. B.Encouraging.C.Disappointing. D.Careless.7.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.Youcanneverbetoooldtolearn.B.Donotjudgeabookbyitscover.C.Onegoodturndeservesanother.D.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.【答案】4.C5.D6.B7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。作者患有注意力障礙，不能集中精力于所做的事情，他不愿努力而且想放棄。但在路易·布萊葉故事的激勵(lì)下，作者克服困難，很好地完成作業(yè)并得到老師的高度認(rèn)可?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“I’vebeenhavingtroubleconcentratingononething.Itmadeschooldifficultforme.Wheneveryoneelseintheclasswasfocusingontasks,Icouldnot.(我一直無(wú)法集中精力做一件事。這讓我在學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)變得很困難。當(dāng)班上其他人都專注于任務(wù)時(shí)，我卻不能。)”可知，作者沒(méi)有在課堂上完成閱讀是因?yàn)樗麩o(wú)法專注于他的任務(wù)。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段第五句“Instead,heinventedareadingsystemofraiseddots(點(diǎn)),whichopenedupawholenewworldofknowledgetotheblind.(相反，他發(fā)明了一種凸起點(diǎn)的閱讀系統(tǒng)，為盲人打開(kāi)了一個(gè)全新的知識(shí)世界。)”可知，路易·布萊葉很有創(chuàng)造力。故選D。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Sheglanceddownatmethroughherglasses,“Youarenotdifferentfromyourclassmates,youngman.”(她透過(guò)眼鏡瞥了我一眼：“年輕人，你和你的同學(xué)沒(méi)什么不同?！?”和第六段“Ididn’texpectanythingwhenIhandedinmypapertoMrs.Smith,soitwasquiteasurprisewhenitcamebacktomethenextday—withan“A”onit.Atthebottomofthepaperwerethesewords:“Seewhatyoucandowhenyoukeeptrying?”(當(dāng)我把論文交給史密斯太太的時(shí)候，我并沒(méi)有期望得到什么，所以當(dāng)我第二天收到我的論文時(shí)，我很驚訝——上面還有一個(gè)“a”。在紙的底部有這樣一句話：“看看當(dāng)你不斷嘗試時(shí)你能做什么？”)”可知，史密斯太太是一個(gè)很會(huì)鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生的老師。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“Ibelieveonecanfindhiswayoutofdifficultywithdetermination(決心)andefforts.(我相信只要有決心和努力，就能走出困境。)”可知，從最后一段中可以了解到有志者事竟成的道理。故選D。一、閱讀理解閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Iwasashygirl.Ididn’tevenliketoanswerthetelephoneforfearthatIhadtotalktosomebodyIdidn’tknow.Ienjoyedtheworldofshyness.However,atschoolIhadtospendalldayinthecompanyofothers.Myescapewasreading.Ispentalotoftimestudyingandwasrewardingwithgoodgrades.MyonlyfailurewasSpanish-I’dgetallAsonmywrittenworkandtests,butDsandFsonthespokenpart.EventuallyIwenttocollege.Duringmythirdyearofcollege,Ihadenoughofbeingshyanddecidedtochangemyoutlookandbehavior.Onedaywhileatschool,Inoticedanadvertisementforpositionsonthelocalclassicalmusicradiostation.Ihadgrownuplisteningtoclassicalmusic,andIcouldeasilypronouncenamessuchasTchaikovskandChopin.Ihadabsolutelynobackgroundinradio,andabsolutelynohopeofgettingthejob.Theideaoftalkingtothousandsoflistenersin“radioland”frightenedme.However,Iluckilysurvivedtheinterview.Iwasgivenbriefdescriptionsofsymphonic(交響樂(lè))andapublicserviceannouncementtoread,andalistofcomposers’namestopronounce.Itwasn’thardforme.Ilefttherecordingsessions(錄音片段)withasenseofreliefandasenseofaccomplishment.AbouttwoweekslaterIactuallylandedthejob.Itwasachallengingjob,butIgrewtoenjoyitgreatly.Ibegantofeelcomfortabletalkingtopeople.AlthoughInowspendmanyhourseachweektalkingwithpeople,I’mstillbasicallyaquietperson.PerhapsitismysoftvoiceandmyquietnaturethathelpsdrawpeopleoutastheyrespondtomyquestionsasIinterviewedthem.Myformershynessisafortune,asIcanrelatetopeoplewhofeeluncomfortablewhentheytalktonewspaperreporters.Istillenjoymomentsoflonelinessandthepeacefoundinnature.ButI’malsogladIdecidedtomakeachangeinmylifethathasopenedmanydoorandopportunitiesthatIneverdreamtof.1.Whatdowelearnabouttheauthor?A.Shelikedreading B.ShewasgoodatSpanish.C.Shewasn’tinterestedinmusic. D.Shedidn’tworkhardenough2.Howdidtheauthorfeelbeforetheinterview?A.Veryexcited. B.Prettyconfident.C.Highlyconfused. D.Extremelyanxious.3.Whatdoestheauthorlaterthinkofherquietpersonality?A.Itmakesothersfeellesscomfortable.B.Itishelpfulforherchallengingjob.C.Itpreventsherbeinganewspaperreporter.D.Itdrawsanegativeresponsefromaudiences.4.Thetextmainlyfocusesontheauthor’s______.A.desiretofindhertrueselfB.feelingaboutbeingaradiohostessC.storyofexploringthemeaningoflifeD.experienceandfeelingofovercomingshyness【答案】1.A2.D3.B4.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者從小害羞、不善于表達(dá)，由于大學(xué)期間面試了一份與人交流的工作，從而性格有所改變，克服了害羞的缺點(diǎn)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Myescapewasreading.Ispentalotoftimestudyingandwasrewardingwithgoodgrades(我逃避的方式是讀書(shū)，我花了很多時(shí)間學(xué)習(xí)，取得了好成績(jī))”可知，作者喜歡讀書(shū)，故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Theideaoftalkingtothousandsoflistenersin“radioland”frightenedme(在“廣播之地”與成千上萬(wàn)的聽(tīng)眾交談的想法嚇壞了我)”可知，作者在參加面試之前感到很緊張，故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Myformershynessisafortune,asIcanrelatetopeoplewhofeeluncomfortablewhentheytalktonewspaperreporters.(我以前的害羞是一種幸運(yùn)，因?yàn)槲夷芘c那些在與報(bào)社記者交談時(shí)感到不舒服的人相處)”可知，作者后來(lái)認(rèn)為自己的性格對(duì)她富有挑戰(zhàn)性的工作很有幫助，故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Iwasashygirl.Ididn’tevenliketoanswerthetelephoneforfearthatIhadtotalktosomebodyIdidn’tknow.(我是個(gè)害羞的女孩。我甚至不喜歡接電話，因?yàn)槲液ε虏坏貌缓鸵粋€(gè)我不認(rèn)識(shí)的人說(shuō)話)”、第二段“Duringmythirdyearofcollege,Ihadenoughofbeingshyanddecidedtochangemyoutlookandbehavior.(大學(xué)三年級(jí)時(shí)，我受夠了害羞，決定改變自己的觀點(diǎn)和行為)”、倒數(shù)第二段“Ibegantofeelcomfortabletalkingtopeople.(我開(kāi)始覺(jué)得與人交談很舒服)”以及最后一段“Myformershynessisafortune,asIcanrelatetopeoplewhofeeluncomfortablewhentheytalktonewspaperreporters.(我以前的害羞是一種幸運(yùn)，因?yàn)槲夷芘c那些在與報(bào)社記者交談時(shí)感到不舒服的人相處)”可推理出本文只要講的是作者克服害羞的經(jīng)驗(yàn)與感受，故選D項(xiàng)。二、七選五閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Circumnavigatingtheplanet(環(huán)球旅行)andstoppingoffwhereveryoulikeisthefinaltripformanytravelers.___1___Hereisaguidetogetyoustarted.Howtodoit___2___Theoretically(理論上)anyroutingispossible,butknowinghowtheRTWbookingsystemworkswillmakeyourtripcheaper.Forexample,theStarAlliance(聯(lián)盟)has27airlineswhichflyto1,185airportsin185countries,andoffersaRTWticketwithamaximumof15stops.Buttherearerules:youmustfollowoneglobaldirectionandyoumuststartandfinishinthesamecountry.WhentogoTheweatherwillneverbeidealinallofyourstops.___3___IfaHimalayahikeisyourhighlight,donotlandinNepalmid-monsoon(季風(fēng)中)season;ifyouwanttoswimwithwhalesharksoffthecoastofWesternAustralia,betherebetweenAprilandJuly.Ingeneral,citysightseeingcanbedoneyear-roundbutoutdooradventuresaremorerelianton—andenjoyablein—therightweather.___4___Theclassic(andcheapest)RTWticketsflitbetweenafewbigcities,forexample,London—Bangkok—Singapore—Sydney—LA.Ifyouwanttolinkmoreoffbeat(另類的)places,priceswillclimbconsiderably.Thecostoftheticketisbasedonthetotaldistancecoveredorthenumberofcountriesvisited.___5___YourdailyoutgoingswillbefarhigherinEuropeandNorthAmericathaninSouth-EastAsia.Indonesia,BoliviaandIndiaareparticularlycheap.A.WheretogoB.HowlongwillyouneedC.So,focusonwhatyouwanttodomostandresearchconditionsthere.D.Youcouldtravelaroundtheworldinaweekendifyouflewnon-stop.E.Also,ifbudget(預(yù)算)isanissue,spendmoretimeinlessexpensivecountries.F.Butbookingaround-the-world(RTW)tripcanbeacomplex(復(fù)雜的)business.G.ThemosteconomicalwayistobuyaRTWairticketthatusesoneairlinealliance.【答案】1.F2.G3.C4.A5.E【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章對(duì)如何預(yù)訂環(huán)球旅行（RTW）提供了一些指南?！?題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Hereisaguidetogetyoustarted.(這里有一個(gè)指南，讓你開(kāi)始。)”和“Theoretically(理論上),anyroutingispossible,butknowinghowtheRTWbookingsystemworkswillmakeyourtripcheaper.(理論上，任何路線都是可能的，但了解全球旅行預(yù)訂系統(tǒng)的運(yùn)作方式會(huì)讓你的旅行更便宜。)”可知，此處是指預(yù)訂環(huán)球旅行是件復(fù)雜性的事情，所以選項(xiàng)F“但預(yù)訂環(huán)球旅行（RTW）可能是一件復(fù)雜的事情。”切合文意。故選F?！?題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Theoretically(理論上),anyroutingispossible,butknowinghowtheRTWbookingsystemworkswillmakeyourtripcheaper.Forexample,theStarAlliance(聯(lián)盟)has27airlineswhichflyto1,185airportsin185countries,andoffersaRTWticketwithamaximumof15stops.(理論上，任何路線都是可能的，但了解全球旅行預(yù)訂系統(tǒng)的運(yùn)作方式會(huì)讓你的旅行更便宜。例如，星空聯(lián)盟擁有27家航空公司，飛往185個(gè)國(guó)家的1185個(gè)機(jī)場(chǎng)，并提供最多15站的全球套票。)”可知，此處是指購(gòu)買一家航空公司聯(lián)盟的環(huán)球旅行機(jī)票是最經(jīng)濟(jì)的，所以選項(xiàng)G“最經(jīng)濟(jì)的方法是購(gòu)買一家航空公司聯(lián)盟的環(huán)球旅行機(jī)票?！鼻泻衔囊?。故選G?！?題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Theweatherwillneverbeidealinallofyourstops.(天氣不可能在你的所有站點(diǎn)都是理想的。)”和后文“IfaHimalayahikeisyourhighlight,donotlandinNepalmid-monsoon(季風(fēng)中)season;ifyouwanttoswimwithwhalesharksoffthecoastofWesternAustralia,betherebetweenAprilandJuly.(如果喜馬拉雅山徒步旅行是你的亮點(diǎn)，不要在季風(fēng)季節(jié)登陸尼泊爾；如果你想在西澳大利亞海岸和鯨鯊一起游泳，那就在4月到7月之間去。)”可知，此處是指要注意自己想去的地方的天氣條件，所以選項(xiàng)C“所以，專注于你最想做的事情，研究那里的條件。”切合文意。故選C?！?題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Theclassic(andcheapest)RTWticketsflitbetweenafewbigcities,forexample,London—Bangkok—Singapore—Sydney—LA.Ifyouwanttolinkmoreoffbeat(另類的)places,priceswillclimbconsiderably.Thecostoftheticketisbasedonthetotaldistancecoveredorthenumberofcountriesvisited.(經(jīng)典的（也是最便宜的）環(huán)球套票在幾個(gè)大城市之間飛行，例如，倫敦-曼谷-新加坡-悉尼-洛杉磯。如果你想連接更多不尋常的地方，價(jià)格將大幅攀升。機(jī)票的價(jià)格是根據(jù)旅行的總距離或訪問(wèn)的國(guó)家數(shù)量來(lái)決定的。)”可知，此處是指確定要去哪里來(lái)決定機(jī)票價(jià)格，所以選項(xiàng)A“去哪里”切合文意。故選A。【5題詳解】根據(jù)后文“YourdailyoutgoingswillbefarhigherinEuropeandNorthAmericathaninSouth-EastAsia.Indonesia,BoliviaandIndiaareparticularlycheap.(你在歐洲和北美的日常支出將遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)高于東南亞。印尼、玻利維亞和印度尤其便宜。)”可知，此處是指如果預(yù)算有限就多在花費(fèi)較少的地方旅行，所以選項(xiàng)E“此外，如果預(yù)算是個(gè)問(wèn)題，那就在消費(fèi)較低的國(guó)家多呆些時(shí)間?！鼻泻衔囊狻９蔬xE。三、語(yǔ)法填空閱讀下面短文，在空格處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或使用括號(hào)中詞語(yǔ)的正確形式填空。Inrecentmonths,theChinaGrandCanalMuseuminYangzhou,whichexhibitsthehistoryandcultureoftheGrandCanal,1(attract)agreatnumberofvisitors.Eachday,themuseumprovides15,000tickets2visitorstobookinadvance.Theyusuallyselloutonweekends,makingthemuseum3popularlandmarkinEastChina.Ittakesonly20minutes4(get)tothemuseumbytaxifromtheYangzhoudongRailwayStation.“Mypassion5(arouse)bythosepassengers,soItookmychildrentothemuseumtoo.Ineverknewwhyithadsuchgreatcharm6Igotthere.”Themuseum7appearanceresemblesagiantship,covers80,000squaremetersandhousesexhibi