高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1河南省2025屆高三下學(xué)期4月期中英語(yǔ)試卷第一部分聽(tīng)力（略）第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AAmazingNationalParksYouCan’tMissVatnajokullNationalParkAsthelargestnationalparkinEurope,thisparkinIcelandischaracterizedbyamazingglacialice,impressivewaterfalls,deepvalleys,andstill-activevolcanoes.Visitorscanexploretheparkeverydayoftheyear,andthereareguidedhikes,icewalks,guidedskiingtrips,iceclimbing,snowmobility,andevensailingtripsbetweentheicebergsonthesurroundinglake.PlitviceNationalParkAtotalof16lakesarefoundwithinCroatia’sextraordinaryPlitviceNationalPark,includingtwosectionsof12upperlakesandfourlowerlakes.Dependingontheangleofthesunandthemineralswithinthewater,thelakeschangefrombluetogreenandeverythinginbetween.Keepaneyeoutforwildlife,suchasEuropeanbrownbears,wolvesandwildcats.Birdwatcherswillbeamazedherewithover126speciesofbirdsrecordedinthepark.RanthamboreNationalParkLocatedintheSawaiMadhopurdistrictofsouth-easternRajasthaninIndia,thisparkisfamousforitsroyalBengaltigers.It’soneoftheonlyparksintheregionwhereyoucanspotthesebigcatsintheirnaturalhabitat.ThebestsightingsarebetweenNovemberandMay.Whenyouaren’twatchingwildlife,thereareancientruinstobefoundinthepark,includingahistoricfortress(堡壘)overlookingthejungle.KakaduNationalParkKakaduNationalPark,thelargestnationalparkinAustralia,isafantasticplacetoloseyourselfinthenature-basedactivitiesandappealingaboriginal(土著的)culture.Amongthecoastalwetlands,woodlands,andwilderness,there’sawealthofexceptionalwildlife.Fishingenthusiastscanenjoyfishing,andthosepassionateaboutbirdwatchingwillbeimpressedbymillionsofbirdscallingtheparkhome.Exploreaboriginalrockartsitesinthepark,suchasUbirrandNourlangieRockthatdatebacktohundredsandeventhousandsofyearsago.1.WhatisafactaboutVatnajokullNationalPark?A.Itfeaturesdeadvolcanoes. B.Itisopenallyearround.C.Itisfamousforhotsprings. D.Itputsabanoniceclimbing.2.WhatcanvisitorsdoinPlitviceNationalPark?A.Admirecolor-changinglakes. B.Digoutmineralsfordisplay.C.Enjoyfreeguidedboattrips. D.Takeicewalksthroughforests.3.Whatdothelasttwonationalparkshaveincommon?A.Theirfishingsitesareaccessibletothepublic.B.TheirbestsightingsarefromMaytoNovember.C.Theyhaveancientattractionsforvisitorstoexplore.D.TheykeeproyalBengaltigersintheirnaturalhabitat.【答案】1.B2.A3.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四個(gè)國(guó)家公園的相關(guān)信息?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)VatajokullNationalPark部分“Visitorscanexploretheparkeverydayoftheyear,andthereareguidedhikes,icewalks,guidedskiingtrips,iceclimbing,snowmobility,andevensailingtripsbetweentheicebergsonthesurroundinglake.(游客可以在一年中的每一天探索公園，有導(dǎo)游徒步旅行，冰上散步，導(dǎo)游滑雪旅行，攀冰，雪地摩托，甚至在周?chē)系谋街g航行)”可知，VatnajokullNationalPark全年開(kāi)放。故選B?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)PlitiveNationalPark部分“Dependingontheangleofthesunandthemineralswithinthewater,thelakeschangefrombluetogreenandeverythinginbetween.(根據(jù)太陽(yáng)的角度和水中的礦物質(zhì)，湖泊會(huì)從藍(lán)色變成綠色，以及介于兩者之間的顏色)”可知，游客在PlitviceNationalPark可以欣賞到會(huì)變色的湖。故選A?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)RanthamboreNationalPark部分“Whenyouaren’twatchingwildlife,thereareancientruinstobefoundinthepark,includingahistoricfortress(堡壘)overlookingthejungle.(當(dāng)你不去看野生動(dòng)物的時(shí)候，公園里還有一些古老的遺跡，包括一座俯瞰叢林的歷史堡壘)”以及KakaduNationalPark部分“Exploreaboriginalrockartsitesinthepark,suchasUbirrandNourlangieRockthatdatebacktohundredsandeventhousandsofyearsago.(在公園里探索原住民的巖石藝術(shù)遺址，比如可以追溯到幾百年甚至幾千年前的烏比爾和諾蘭吉巖石)”可知，這兩個(gè)國(guó)家公園都有古跡。故選C。BPicturebookshaveentertainedyoungchildrensincethefirstonewaspublishedin1658andillustrationshelpmakethestoriescomealive.Tactilebooksthataddtouchtoillustrationsbringthejoyofpicturebookstochildrenwhoarevisuallyimpaired(受損的).ThesetactilebooksarecreatedbytheLivingPaintingsorganizationtoincludethesenseoftouchforchildrenwhofrequentlycannotdothesameactivitiesasthosesightedkids.With20,000childrenintheUKexperiencingvisionloss,thesebookscalledTouchtoSeecantransformlives.LivingPaintings,acharityintheUKthathasbeenaroundformorethan35years,hasaclearmission:toprovideaccesstotheirhand-craftedadaptedtactilebookstofamiliesandschoolsfornofees.Volunteersoftheorganizationhaverecentlybecomepopularonsocialmediawhenaseriesofvideosthatfeaturedhowthebooksweremadeamassed6.7millionviews.VolunteerLenWebb,88,whoiscurrentlyworkingontheunderwatercreaturesthatareillustratedinJuliaDonaldson’spicturebook,Tiddler,said,“I’mreallynotusedtobeinginthespotlightandIneverexpectedthatI’dbegettingalltheselovelymessagesfrompeoplearoundtheworld,butit’ssonicetoseetheworkofthecharitygettingallthisrecognition.VolunteeringatLivingPaintingsisanicethingtodo.”AndyandLauraBaghurst,afamilywhoborrowsbooksfromtheLivingPaintingsfreelibrary,havethreeboys,twoofwhomwerediagnosedwithAniridiashortlyafterbirth,justliketheirfather.While20/20visionisthenorm,peoplewiththisconditionseebetween3/60to6/60.LauraBaghurstsaid,“OneofmyearlyconcernswithDanielwashowhewouldaccessbooks.Learningawayofdoingthingsfromhisfather,JoshuahasgrownuplovingJuliaDonaldsonandotherbooksandhavingagreatexperiencewiththem.Luckily,Daniel,whoisnowfouryearsold,canfullyexperiencebookswiththehelpoftheLivingPaintingspostallibrary.”4.Whyarethe20,000childrenintheUKmentionedinparagraph2?A.TocallonLivingPaintingstodonatemorebooks.B.Tohighlightthesignificanceofthetactilebooks.C.Toshowthecountry’sinsufficientbookresources.D.Toprovethenecessityofprotectingkids’eyesight.5.HowdoesLenWebbfeelaccordingtohiswords?A.Heiseagertobeinthespotlight. B.Heisafraidofinteractingwithkids.C.Heisproudofthecharityheworksfor. D.Heisworriedaboutonlinecomments.6.WhatcanbeknownabouttheBaghurstfamily?A.Lauraisavolunteeratthepostallibrary.B.Andyhasrecoveredfromavisionproblem.C.Danielbenefitsfromtheorganization’sbooks.D.Joshuahasgrownupwithtactilepicturebooks.7.Whichofthefollowingcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.IntroducingaMuchBrighterWorldtotheBlindB.AdaptingChildren’sPictureBooksforMoreProfitC.EncouragingBlindPeopletoReadMoreinLibrariesD.AllowingVisuallyImpairedKidstoAccessPictureBooks【答案】4.B5.C6.C7.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了LivingPaintings這個(gè)組織制作觸感圖畫(huà)書(shū)并向有視覺(jué)障礙的兒童提供免費(fèi)借閱的故事?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“With20,000childrenintheUKexperiencingvisionloss,thesebookscalledTouchtoSeecantransformlives.(英國(guó)有2萬(wàn)名兒童患有視力喪失，這些名為《觸摸看》的書(shū)可以改變生活)”可知，第二段提到英國(guó)兩萬(wàn)名兒童喪失了視力，是為了突出觸感書(shū)的重要意義。故選B。【5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“I’mreallynotusedtobeinginthespotlightandIneverexpectedthatI’dbegettingalltheselovelymessagesfrompeoplearoundtheworld,butit’ssonicetoseetheworkofthecharitygettingallthisrecognition.VolunteeringatLivingPaintingsisanicethingtodo.(我真的不習(xí)慣站在聚光燈下，我從來(lái)沒(méi)有想過(guò)我會(huì)從世界各地的人們那里得到這么多可愛(ài)的信息，但看到慈善機(jī)構(gòu)的工作得到這么多的認(rèn)可，我真的很高興。在LivingPaintings做志愿者是一件很好的事情)”可推斷，他為自己所在的慈善機(jī)構(gòu)感到驕傲。故選C。【6題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“LauraBaghurstsaid,“OneofmyearlyconcernswithDanielwashowhewouldaccessbooks.Learningawayofdoingthingsfromhisfather,JoshuahasgrownuplovingJuliaDonaldsonandotherbooksandhavingagreatexperiencewiththem.Luckily,Daniel,whoisnowfouryearsold,canfullyexperiencebookswiththehelpoftheLivingPaintingspostallibrary.”(勞拉·巴格赫斯特說(shuō)：“我早期對(duì)丹尼爾的擔(dān)憂之一是他如何接觸書(shū)籍。從父親那里學(xué)習(xí)做事的方式，約書(shū)亞從小就喜歡朱莉婭·唐納森和其他書(shū)籍，并對(duì)它們有很好的體驗(yàn)。幸運(yùn)的是，丹尼爾現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)四歲了，在LivingPaintings郵政圖書(shū)館的幫助下，他可以充分體驗(yàn)書(shū)籍?！?”可知，Daniel受益于這個(gè)組織提供的書(shū)籍。故選C?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第二段“ThesetactilebooksarecreatedbytheLivingPaintingsorganizationtoincludethesenseoftouchforchildrenwhofrequentlycannotdothesameactivitiesasthosesightedkids.With20,000childrenintheUKexperiencingvisionloss,thesebookscalledTouchtoSeecantransformlives.(這些觸覺(jué)書(shū)籍是由LivingPaintings組織創(chuàng)作的，為那些經(jīng)常不能像視力正常的孩子那樣做同樣活動(dòng)的孩子提供觸覺(jué)。英國(guó)有2萬(wàn)名兒童患有視力喪失，這些名為《觸摸看》的書(shū)可以改變生活)”可知，本文主要通過(guò)志愿者和受助人的視角講述了LivingPaintings這個(gè)慈善組織制作觸感圖畫(huà)書(shū)并向有視覺(jué)障礙的兒童提供免費(fèi)借閱的故事。故D選項(xiàng)“允許視障兒童閱讀圖畫(huà)書(shū)”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選D。CArecentstudyexploresthehealthrisksassociatedwithvolatileorganiccompounds(VOCs)(揮發(fā)性有機(jī)化合物)releasedfromplasticwaterbottleswhentheyareexposedtosunlight.Theresearchthoroughlyinvestigatedthetypesandtoxicity(毒性)ofVOCsreleasedundersolarirradiation,highlightingtheimportanceofimprovedstoragemethodstoguaranteethesafetyofdrinkingwater.Plasticwaterbottlesareubiquitousduetotheirconvenience,yettheyhavepotentialrisks.SunlightexposurecanleadthesecontainerstodegradeandgenerateVOCs,whicharepotentiallyharmfultohumanhealth.Thefast-expandingbottledwatermarketunderscorestheurgencyforsaferalternatives.Inresponsetotheseconcerns,thereisapressingneedforin-depthresearchintomoresecurematerialsandproductionmethodsforwatercontainers.TheresearchanalyzedtheVOCsreleasedfromsixtypesofplasticwaterbottlessubjectedtosunlight.Resultsshowedthatalltestedbottlesproducedacomplexmixtureofalkanes,alkenes,alcohols,aldehydes,andacids,withsignificantvariationsinVOCcompositionandconcentrationamongthebottles.Notably,highlytoxicVOCswereidentified,highlightingserioushealthrisks.ExposuretosunlightforalongertimeindicatedanincreasedconcentrationofVOCs,pointingtoagrowingrisk.Dr.HuaseOu,theleadresearcher,remarked,“Ourfindingsprovideconvincingevidencethatplasticbottles,whenexposedtosunlight,canreleasetoxiccompoundsthatposehealthrisks.However,thesceneswherebottledwaterisexposedtosunlightarenotrare.Consumersneedtobeawareoftheenvironmentswherebottledwaterislikelytobeexposedtosunlightforlongerperiods.”Thisstudycarriessignificantimplicationsforpublichealthandsafetyregulations.UnderstandingtheconditionsunderwhichtheseVOCsarereleasedcanguidetheimprovementofprocessingpracticesandmaterialselectionforbottledwatercontainers.Furthermore,itunderlinestheneedforenhancedconsumerawarenessandstricterindustryregulationstoreduceexposuretothesepotentiallyharmfulcompounds.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“ubiquitous”inparagraph2mostprobablymean?A.Inexpensive. B.Conventional. C.Widespread. D.Adjustable.9.Whatdidtheresearchfind?A.NotalltestedplasticbottlesproducedharmfulVOCs.B.Productionmethodsforbottledwaterwereunsustainable.C.Thetimeofexposuretosunlightwasn’tacontributingfactor.D.VOCsreleasedfromdifferentmaterialsofwaterbottlesvaried.10.WhatdoesDr.HuaseOumean?A.Thesafetyofbottledwaterisconcerning. B.Consumerslackawarenessoffoodsafety.C.Researchfindingsarefarfromconvincing. D.Plasticbottlescan’tavoidexposuretosunlight.11.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.TheimpactoftoxicVOCs. B.Jointeffortstocutplasticbottles.C.Tipsonimprovingpublichealth. D.Thevalueofthestudy.【答案】8.C9.D10.A11.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。研究表明，暴露在陽(yáng)光下的塑料水瓶會(huì)產(chǎn)生危害健康的揮發(fā)性有機(jī)化合物，暴露的時(shí)間越長(zhǎng)，化合物的濃度越高?！?題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段“Plasticwaterbottlesareubiquitousduetotheirconvenience,yettheyhavepotentialrisks.(由于塑料水瓶的便利性，它們是ubiquitous，但是也有潛在的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。)”可知，塑料水瓶使用起來(lái)很方便，所以它們應(yīng)該是隨手可得的，因此“ubiquitous”意為“無(wú)處不在的”或“普遍存在的”，故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Resultsshowedthatalltestedbottlesproducedacomplexmixtureofalkanes,alkenes,alcohols,aldehydes,andacids,withsignificantvariationsinVOCcompositionandconcentrationamongthebottles.(結(jié)果顯示，所有測(cè)試的瓶子都產(chǎn)生了一種復(fù)雜的烷烴、烯烴、醇類(lèi)、醛類(lèi)和酸類(lèi)混合物，不同瓶子之間的VOC成分和濃度存在顯著差異)”可知，不同材質(zhì)的水瓶釋放出的揮發(fā)性有機(jī)化合物有所不同。故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“However,thesceneswherebottledwaterisexposedtosunlightarenotrare.Consumersneedtobeawareoftheenvironmentswherebottledwaterislikelytobeexposedtosunlightforlongerperiods.(然而，瓶裝水暴露在陽(yáng)光下的場(chǎng)景并不少見(jiàn)。消費(fèi)者需要意識(shí)到瓶裝水可能長(zhǎng)時(shí)間暴露在陽(yáng)光下的環(huán)境)”可推斷，Dr.HuaseOu認(rèn)為瓶裝水的安全令人擔(dān)憂。故選A項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“Thisstudycarriessignificantimplicationsforpublichealthandsafetyregulations.UnderstandingtheconditionsunderwhichtheseVOCsarereleasedcanguidetheimprovementofprocessingpracticesandmaterialselectionforbottledwatercontainers.Furthermore,itunderlinestheneedforenhancedconsumerawarenessandstricterindustryregulationstoreduceexposuretothesepotentiallyharmfulcompounds.(這項(xiàng)研究對(duì)公共衛(wèi)生和安全法規(guī)具有重要意義。了解這些VOCs釋放的條件可以指導(dǎo)瓶裝水容器加工實(shí)踐的改進(jìn)和材料選擇。此外，它強(qiáng)調(diào)了提高消費(fèi)者意識(shí)和加強(qiáng)行業(yè)法規(guī)以減少對(duì)這些潛在有害化合物的暴露的必要性)”可知，最后一段主要討論了這項(xiàng)研究的價(jià)值，故選D項(xiàng)。DInresponsetotheinsightfulcoverstory—“Apotentmedicine:Inmattersofpainandtrust,empathy(共情)maymakeallthedifference”—publishedintheHealioRheumatologyinJanuary,Iwouldliketohighlightthekeydataonempathy.Researchoverthepast25yearshasshownthatmedicalstudentstendtoshowlessempathy,whichcannegativelyimpactthebondoftrustbetweenphysiciansandpatients.Eventhoughmedicalschoolsknowthisoccurs,littlehasbeendonetoteachstudentseffectiveempathiccommunicationskills,whilehelpingthemunderstandhowtotakecontroloveranundueempathicresponsetoanemotionallychargedpatientencounter.Thedeclineinmedicalstudents’empathiccommunicationskillspartlyresultsfromtheuseofsmartphones—textingandsocialmediasitesstealthetimespentinteractingwithothersfacetoface.Forexample,actingasastandardizedpatient,Ihaveseenfirsthandtheinabilityofmostmedicalstudentstoexpressempathyduringtheobservedstructuredclinicalexaminations.Inmanyofthestandardizedcases,thereisafamilymember,usuallyaparent,whohaspassedaway.Whenthestudentshearthisduringthepatienthistoryoftheencounter,almosteveryoneofthemgivestheconcrete,memorizedanswerof“I’msorrytohearthat”,withmanyofthestudentsnotevenmakingeyecontactastheywritetheirchartnotes.Asthepatient,Idonotfeeltheirsincerity.Thus,theyarenotmakinganempathicconnectionwithme.Inmynotesbacktothestudents,Iindicatethattheirempathicanswersarenotgoingtobeenoughtoformabondoftrustorcomforttheirpatients.Fortunately,theabilitytoexpresssufficientproperempathycanbetaught.Therefore,itrequiresallmedicalschoolstoincreasetheireffortstoinformandteachstudentsabouttheimportanceofbuildinganempathicbondoftrustwiththeirpatients.Thisisespeciallytrueofnewmedicalschoolsthataredesigningtheirlessons,wheretheadministrationcandevoteenoughtimetotheempathicaspectofcommunicationskillsinthelecturingandclinicaltraining.12.Whatdoestheword“this”underlinedinparagraph2referto?A.Thedeclineofempathyfrommedicalstudents. B.Theinfluenceofempathyonmedicalschools.C.Thecontroloveremotionallychargedpatients. D.Thetrustbetweenphysiciansandpatients.13.Whatisacauseofmedicalstudents’weakerempathiccommunicationskills?A.Thelimiteduseofsmartphones. B.Decreasedface-to-facehumancontact.C.Theirunwillingnesstolearnatschool. D.Misleadinginformationonsocialmedia.14.Whatdoesmedicalstudents’memorizedanswersuggestintheauthor’sopinion?A.Theyfeelreallysorrowfulforpatients’losses. B.Theyhavenotimetocomforttheirpatients.C.Theyexcelinlearningcommunicationskills. D.Theyarenotgoodatexpressingempathy.15.Whatisthepurposeofthelastparagraph?A.Toissuewarnings. B.Toofferadvice.C.Toconfirmassumptions. D.Torecognizecontributions.【答案】12.A13.B14.D15.B【原文】本文是一篇議論文。作者認(rèn)為，醫(yī)學(xué)生的共情能力在下降。作者分析了其下降的原因，列舉了下降的例證并提出了應(yīng)對(duì)方法?！?2題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段“Researchoverthepast25yearshasshownthatmedicalstudentstendtoshowlessempathy,whichcannegativelyimpactthebondoftrustbetweenphysiciansandpatients.(過(guò)去25年的研究表明，醫(yī)學(xué)生往往缺乏同理心，這會(huì)對(duì)醫(yī)生和患者之間的信任紐帶產(chǎn)生負(fù)面影響)”及第二段“l(fā)ittlehasbeendonetoteachstudentseffectiveempathiccommunicationskills,(很少有人教學(xué)生有效的同理心溝通技巧)”可推斷，畫(huà)線詞指代上文提到的醫(yī)學(xué)生缺乏同理心，即“醫(yī)學(xué)生的共情能力下降”。故選A?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容，尤其是“Thedeclineinmedicalstudents’empathiccommunicationskillspartlyresultsfromtheuseofsmartphones—textingandsocialmediasitesstealthetimespentinteractingwithothersfacetoface.(醫(yī)學(xué)生移情溝通能力的下降部分是由于使用智能手機(jī)——發(fā)短信和社交媒體網(wǎng)站偷走了與他人面對(duì)面交流的時(shí)間)”可知，醫(yī)學(xué)生共情溝通能力較弱的原因是他們面對(duì)面的人際接觸減少了。故選B。【14題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Forexample,actingasastandardizedpatient,Ihaveseenfirsthandtheinabilityofmostmedicalstudentstoexpressempathyduringtheobservedstructuredclinicalexaminations.(例如，作為一名標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化病人，我親眼目睹了大多數(shù)醫(yī)學(xué)生在觀察的結(jié)構(gòu)化臨床檢查中無(wú)法表達(dá)同理心)”及“Whenthestudentshearthisduringthepatienthistoryoftheencounter,almosteveryoneofthemgivestheconcrete,memorizedanswerof“I’msorrytohearthat”,withmanyofthestudentsnotevenmakingeyecontactastheywritetheirchartnotes.Asthepatient,Idonotfeeltheirsincerity.Thus,theyarenotmakinganempathicconnectionwithme.(當(dāng)學(xué)生們?cè)诨颊叩脑庥鍪分新?tīng)到這句話時(shí)，幾乎每個(gè)人都給出了具體的、記住的答案“聽(tīng)到這個(gè)消息我很抱歉”，許多學(xué)生在寫(xiě)圖表筆記時(shí)甚至沒(méi)有眼神交流。作為病人，我感覺(jué)不到他們的誠(chéng)意。因此，他們并沒(méi)有與我建立一種同理心的聯(lián)系)”可推斷，在作者看來(lái)，醫(yī)學(xué)生的“記憶性答案”表明他們不擅長(zhǎng)表達(dá)共情。故選D?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Fortunately,theabilitytoexpresssufficientproperempathycanbetaught.(幸運(yùn)的是，表達(dá)足夠、適當(dāng)?shù)耐硇牡哪芰κ强梢耘囵B(yǎng)的)”及最后一段的內(nèi)容“Therefore,itrequiresallmedicalschoolstoincreasetheireffortstoinformandteachstudentsabouttheimportanceofbuildinganempathicbondoftrustwiththeirpatients.Thisisespeciallytrueofnewmedicalschoolsthataredesigningtheirlessons,wheretheadministrationcandevoteenoughtimetotheempathicaspectofcommunicationskillsinthelecturingandclinicaltraining.(因此，所有醫(yī)學(xué)院校都必須加大力度，向?qū)W生宣傳和教授與患者建立共情信任紐帶的重要性。對(duì)于那些正在設(shè)計(jì)課程的新醫(yī)學(xué)院校來(lái)說(shuō)尤其如此，因?yàn)檫@些學(xué)校的管理層能夠在授課和臨床培訓(xùn)中投入足夠的時(shí)間，培養(yǎng)學(xué)生在溝通技巧中共情的特質(zhì))”可推斷，作者寫(xiě)最后一段旨在提建議，即就醫(yī)學(xué)生能夠培養(yǎng)適當(dāng)?shù)耐硇奶岢鲆恍┙ㄗh。故選B。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。In2007,formerMicrosoftemployeeLindaStonenoticedsomethingstrangehappeningeverytimeshesatdowntoansweremails.____16____.“Iwouldinhale(吸氣)inanticipation,butIwouldn’texhalebecausesomanyemailswouldbestreamingin,”Stonesaidinaninterview.____17____.Sheaskeddozensoffriendsandcoworkerstositathercomputeransweringemailswhileshemonitoredtheirpulseandheartratevariability.Ofthoseparticipants,80%hadwhatStonecoined“emailorscreenarea”—shalloworsuspendedbreathingwhileworkingonascreen.“____18____,”saidsciencejournalistJamesNestor,theauthorofthebestsellingbookBreath:TheNewScienceofaLostArt,whichrecordshisinvestigationintothepowerofbreath.Heexplainedthathumanshavelosttouchwithnaturalbreathingpatternsaswespendmuchofthedayhunched(弓身)overourscreensanddevices.“Ifyouarehunchedover,youcan’ttakethatsoft,slow,deepbreath,”Nestorsaid.Breathingproperlyhasenormouspositiveimpactsonourhealthandwell-being.Slowbreathinglowersourstresslevels,increasesfocus,regulatesouremotionsandevenhelpsusmakebetterdecisions.____19____.Nestorsuggeststhesimpleexerciseofbreathinginthroughyournoseforfivetosixsecondsandoutthroughyournoseforfivetosixseconds.“Asyouinhale,youfeelthatslightexpansionofthatabdominal(腹部的)region,andthenasyoucontinueinhaling,trytoliftthatbreathuptoyourchestarea,”Nestorsaid.“Breathethiswayfortwominutesaday,andthat’sgoingtomakeadifference.”Stonefoundthatlearninganinstrumenthelpedhermaintaingoodpostureandbreathing.____20____.Shealsotookballroomdancinglessons,whichshesaidhadasimilareffect.A.ShekeptholdingherbreathB.ThesetasksresultedinshallowchestbreathingC.ShefoundfewpeoplearoundherhadbreathingproblemsD.StonewonderedhowcommonthiswasandsetouttoinvestigateE.Poorbreathingiswhatyouseewhenyoulookat90%ofthepopulationF.Thisinturnallowedhertoformbetterbreathinghabits—evenwhileinfrontofascreenG.Luckily,NestorandStonefeelconfidentthatit’spossibletoretrainourbodytobreathewell【答案】16.A17.D18.E19.G20.F【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了什么是“電子郵件或屏幕呼吸暫?！爆F(xiàn)象、產(chǎn)生的原因及應(yīng)對(duì)方法?！?6題詳析】上文提到“LindaStonenoticedsomethingstrangehappeningeverytimeshesatdowntoansweremails.(LindaStone注意到每次坐下回復(fù)郵件時(shí)，都會(huì)發(fā)生一些奇怪的事情)”，接下來(lái)需要描述具體發(fā)生了什么。A項(xiàng)“Shekeptholdingherbreath(她一直屏住呼吸)”與下文“Iwouldinhale(吸氣)inanticipation,butIwouldn’texhalebecausesomanyemailswouldbestreamingin.(我因期待而吸氣，但不會(huì)呼氣，因?yàn)猷]件不斷涌入)”相呼應(yīng)，說(shuō)明了她屏住呼吸的原因，故答案選A。【17題詳析】下文提到“Sheaskeddozensoffriendsandcoworkerstositathercomputeransweringemailswhileshemonitoredtheirpulseandheartratevariability.(她邀請(qǐng)了幾十位朋友和同事坐在她的電腦前回復(fù)電子郵件，同時(shí)她監(jiān)測(cè)他們的脈搏和心率變異性)”，說(shuō)明她開(kāi)始對(duì)這一現(xiàn)象開(kāi)始了研究，D項(xiàng)“Stonewonderedhowcommonthiswasandsetouttoinvestigate.(Stone想知道這種現(xiàn)象有多普遍，于是開(kāi)始進(jìn)行調(diào)查)”緊隨其后，引出了她對(duì)這一現(xiàn)象的進(jìn)一步研究，與下文提到的實(shí)驗(yàn)相呼應(yīng)，故選D?！?8題詳析】下文提到“Heexplainedthathumanshavelosttouchwithnaturalbreathingpatternsaswespendmuchofthedayhunched(弓身)overourscreensanddevices.(他解釋說(shuō)，由于我們整天弓著身子坐在屏幕和設(shè)備前，人類(lèi)已經(jīng)失去了自然的呼吸模式)”可知本空需要對(duì)這種現(xiàn)象總體評(píng)價(jià)。E項(xiàng)“Poorbreathingiswhatyouseewhenyoulookat90%ofthepopulation.(當(dāng)你觀察90%的人群時(shí)，你會(huì)看到呼吸不良的現(xiàn)象)”與下文相呼應(yīng)，進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明了這種現(xiàn)象的普遍性，故選E?！?9題詳析】上文提到“Breathingproperlyhasenormouspositiveimpactsonourhealthandwell-being.Slowbreathinglowersourstresslevels,increasesfocus,regulatesouremotionsandevenhelpsusmakebetterdecisions.(正確呼吸對(duì)我們的健康和福祉有巨大的積極影響。緩慢的呼吸可以降低我們的壓力水平，提高注意力，調(diào)節(jié)情緒，甚至幫助我們做出更好的決策)”接下來(lái)需要一個(gè)總結(jié)性的描述。G項(xiàng)“Luckily,NestorandStonefeelconfidentthatit’spossibletoretrainourbodytobreathewell.(幸運(yùn)的是，Nestor和Stone有信心可以重新訓(xùn)練我們的身體，使其達(dá)到良好的呼吸狀態(tài))”與上文相呼應(yīng)，引出了下文提到的改善呼吸的方法，故選G?！?0題詳析】上文提到“Stonefoundthatlearninganinstrumenthelpedhermaintaingoodpostureandbreathing.(Stone發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)習(xí)樂(lè)器有助于她保持良好的姿勢(shì)和呼吸)”接下來(lái)需要一個(gè)總結(jié)性的描述。F項(xiàng)“Thisinturnallowedhertoformbetterbreathinghabits—evenwhileinfrontofascreen(這反過(guò)來(lái)又讓她形成了更好的呼吸習(xí)慣，即使是在屏幕前)”與上文相呼應(yīng)，進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明了學(xué)習(xí)樂(lè)器對(duì)呼吸習(xí)慣的積極影響，故選F。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Mygrandmother’skitchenwasspecialforme.ItwaswhereIdidhomework,haddiscussionswithfamilyand____21____helpedcookamealwhereIwasanexcellenttaste____22____.Mygrandmotherfelt____23____whenIcouldn’thelptakingmorethanonebite.Someofmymostpreciousmemoriesofmygrandmotherarecenteredaroundthe____24____sheprepared.Despitemy____25____forthosememories,I____26____makingcertaindishesthatremindedmeofher.AsmallpartofmeknewwhateverImadewouldn’ttastethesame,andthethoughtofhaving____27____hermademesad.AsI’ddealtwiththatsadness,Ibegan____28____herdishesmorethanever.So,Idecidedtomasterthosemeals.WhenI____29____mygrandmother’scooking,Ithoughtoftanabour(anArmenianyogurtsoup)andkleicha(anIraqidate-filledcookie).Anonline_____30_____couldtellmehowtomakethesedishes,butIwantedtousemygrandmother’s_____31_____.Thankfully,mymomhelpedmetrackdownmygrandmother’srecipes._____32_____smellsoozed(滲出)frommykitchenaseachrecipe_____33_____adifferentmemory.WhilenoteverythingItriedworkedasI’dhoped,Isurprisedmyselfthroughoutthis_____34_____andmanysweetmemoriesofmyfamilyresurfaced.NowI’m_____35_____tocontinuemakingwhatevertakesmebacktomygrandmother’skitchen.21.A.apparently B.occasionally C.suddenly D.hesitantly22.A.instructor B.supporter C.tester D.competitor23.A.ashamed B.satisfied C.concerned D.confused24.A.work B.lecture C.food D.equipment25.A.preparation B.respect C.responsibility D.fondness26.A.avoided B.denied C.regretted D.risked27.A.forgotten B.beaten C.hurt D.lost28.A.longingfor B.sellingout C.checkingon D.pickingup29.A.pictured B.filmed C.delayed D.advertised30.A.promotion B.search C.debate D.comment31.A.opportunities B.predictions C.quotes D.methods32.A.Earthy B.Unpleasant C.Familiar D.Fresh33.A.ruined B.unlocked C.changed D.replaced34.A.process B.protest C.dream D.discussion35.A.declined B.required C.allowed D.motivated【答案】21.B22.C23.B24.C25.D26.A27.D28.A29.A30.B31.D32.C33.B34.A35.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者回憶祖母廚房中的美好時(shí)光，以及為了重溫那些記憶而嘗試制作祖母做過(guò)的菜肴的經(jīng)歷。【21題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：那是我做作業(yè)、和家人討論的地方，偶爾也會(huì)幫忙做飯，而我是一個(gè)出色的試味員。A.apparently明顯地；B.occasionally偶爾；C.suddenly突然；D.hesitantly猶豫地。根據(jù)上文“ItwaswhereIdidhomework,haddiscussionswithfamily”和下文“helpedcookameal”可知，作者在廚房主要做的是做作業(yè)和與家人討論，所以幫忙做飯是偶爾的事，故選B?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：那是我做作業(yè)、和家人討論的地方，偶爾也會(huì)幫忙做飯，而我是一個(gè)出色的試味員。A.instructor教練；B.supporter支持者；C.tester測(cè)試者，試味員；D.competitor競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者。根據(jù)下文“whenIcouldn’thelptakingmorethanonebite”可知，作者會(huì)品嘗食物，所以是試味員。故選C?！?3題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我忍不住多吃了幾口時(shí)，祖母感到很滿足。A.ashamed羞愧的；B.satisfied滿足的；C.concerned擔(dān)憂的；D.confused困惑的。根據(jù)生活常識(shí)以及下文“whenIcouldn’thelptakingmorethanonebite”可知，作者多吃幾口說(shuō)明喜歡祖母做的飯，祖母會(huì)因此感到滿足，故選B。【24題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我對(duì)祖母最珍貴的一些記憶都圍繞著她做的食物。A.work工作；B.lecture講座；C.food食物；D.equipment設(shè)備。根據(jù)上文“helpedcookameal”以及“Mygrandmother’skitchenwasspecialforme.”可知，作者對(duì)祖母的記憶與食物有關(guān)，故選C?！?5題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管我很喜歡那些回憶，但我避免做某些讓我想起她的菜。A.preparation準(zhǔn)備；B.respect尊重；C.responsibility責(zé)任；D.fondness喜愛(ài)。根據(jù)上文“Someofmymostpreciousmemoriesofmygrandmotherarecenteredaround...”可知，作者覺(jué)得那些記憶很珍貴，所以是喜愛(ài)那些回憶，故選D?！?6題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管我很喜歡那些回憶，但我避免做某些讓我想起她的菜。A.avoided避免；B.denied否認(rèn)；C.regretted后悔；D.risked冒險(xiǎn)。根據(jù)下文“AsmallpartofmeknewwhateverImadewouldn’ttastethesame,andthethoughtofhavinghermademesad.”可知，作者因?yàn)橛X(jué)得做的菜味道不同會(huì)難過(guò)，所以避免做，故選A?！?7題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我心里有個(gè)小小的聲音知道，無(wú)論我做什么，味道都不會(huì)一樣，一想到失去了她，我就很難過(guò)。A.forgotten忘記；B.beaten打?。籆.hurt傷害；D.lost失去。這里是說(shuō)祖母不在了，作者覺(jué)得失去了她。根據(jù)文章整體語(yǔ)境可知，祖母已經(jīng)去世，作者是在回憶祖母，所以是失去了祖母，故選D?！?8題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：當(dāng)我處理了那種悲傷后，我比以往任何時(shí)候都更渴望她做的菜。A.longingfor渴望；B.sellingout賣(mài)完；C.checkingon檢查；D.pickingup撿起，學(xué)會(huì)。根據(jù)下文“So,Idecidedtomasterthosemeals.”可知，作者決定掌握那些菜肴，所以是渴望吃到祖母做的菜。根據(jù)文章第2段“So,Idecidedtomasterthosemeals.”可推知，作者決定去做那些菜，是因?yàn)榭释缘讲?，故選A?！?9題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我想象祖母做飯時(shí)，我想到了tanabour（一種亞美尼亞酸奶湯）和kleicha（一種伊拉克椰棗餅干）。A.pictured想象；B.filmed拍攝；C.delayed推遲；D.advertised廣告。根據(jù)下文“mygrandmother’scooking”可知，作者是在回憶祖母做飯，所以是在腦海中想象，故選A。【30題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：網(wǎng)上搜索可以告訴我如何做這些菜，但我想用祖母的方法。A.promotion提升；B.search搜索；C.debate辯論；D.comment評(píng)論。在網(wǎng)上查找信息是通過(guò)搜索。根據(jù)生活常識(shí)以及上文“Anonline...”可知，在網(wǎng)上獲取做菜信息需要通過(guò)搜索，故選B?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：網(wǎng)上搜索可以告訴我如何做這些菜，但我想用祖母的方法。A.opportunities機(jī)會(huì)；B.predictions預(yù)測(cè)；C.quotes引用；D.methods方法