2025年春學(xué)期高一期中質(zhì)量調(diào)研

英語(yǔ)試卷

注意：本試卷分四個(gè)部分，答案全部做在答題紙上。總分為150分。考試時(shí)間120分鐘。

第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，共7.5分）

聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后,你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。

1.Whatsandwichdoesthemanwant?

A.Abeefsandwich.B.Aneggsandwich.C.Asaladsandwich.

2.Howdidthewomanknowabouttherule?

A.Fromamovie.B.Fromabook.C.Fromateacher.

3.Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?

A.Continuetodohomework.B.Answerthephone.C.Getasnack.

4.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?

A.Inalibrary.B.Inasupermarket.C.Inahotel.

5.Whatarethespeakersmainlydiscussing?

A.Homework.B.Examresults.C.Computergames.

第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題L5分，共22.5分）

聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中

選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各

小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。

6.Whafstheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Writerandreader.B.Waiterandcustomer.C.Co-workers.

7.WherewillthewomanmeetTommy?

A.Attheoffice.B.Atthefactory.C.Attherestaurant.

聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8、9題。

8.Whatdoesthewomanworryaboutskiing?

A.Thetime.B.Thecost.C.Thesafety.

9Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?

A.Learntoskiwithhim.B.Gotoatrainingcamp.C.Searchforsafetytips.

聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至12題。

10.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?

A.Borrowabook.

B.Readsomereviews.

C.Lookatsomepaperdolls.

11.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthestory?

A.Ifstoosimple.B.It'sveryexciting.C.Ifsalittlestrange.

12.Whendidthemanstarttoreadtheauthor'sbooks?

A.Abouttwoyearsago.

B.Aboutthreeyearsago.

C.Aboutfouryearsago.

聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16題。

13.Whattypeofcaristhewomanlookingfor?

A.Somethingfast.

BSomethingsafeforthekids.

C.Somethingwithenoughspace.

14.Howmanykidsdoesthewomanhave?

A.One.B.Two.C.Four.

15.WhydoesthemanintroducetheHondafirst?

A.Itistheperfectcarforafamily.

B.Itisthelateststyle.

C.Itisverypopular.

16.WhatconcernsthewomanabouttheSUV?

A.Itsprice.B.Itslook.C.Itsspeed.

聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。

17.Whatisthespeakerprobably?

A.Asalesman.B.Atourguide.C.Aweatherman.

18.Whatseasonisitnow?

A.Spring.B.Summer.C.Autumn.

19.Whichisasafewaytocooldownaccordingtothespeaker?

A.Swimminginthelake.

B.Stayingunderatree.

C.Takingshowers.

20.Whatdoesthespeakeradviselistenerstocarrywith?

A.Water.B.Suncream.C.Anumbrella.

第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

A

COASTALCLEANUPCREW

JointheCoastalCleanupCrewtohelpprotectourlocalbeachesandcoastalareas.Volunteerswilltakepartin

beachcleanups,removinglitterthatharmsmarine（海洋）lifeandecosystems.Activitiesalsoincludemonitoring

waterqualityandgrowingnativeplantstoholddunes（沙丘）inplace.

GROUPS

Groupsofsixormoreneedtomakespecialarrangementsinadvance.

PleasereviewthelistofProjectsYouCanJoinandcompletetheGroupRegistration（登t己）Form.

AGESKILLS,WHATTOBRING

Volunteersaged12andabovearewelcome.Thoseunder18musthaveasignedParentalConsent（同意）

Form.

Wearstrongshoes,comfortableclothing,glovesandbringahatandsunscreen.Don'tforgetareusablewater

bottleandsnackstostayenergizedthroughouttheday.Wewillbeworkingrainorshine,sobringyourraincoatif

necessary.

Nopreviousexperienceisrequired-trainingandequipmentwillbeprovided.However,ifyouhave

experienceinenvironmentalscience,marinebiology,oroutdooractivities,yourexpertknowledgewillbehighly

valued.Teamwork,enthusiasm,andawillingnesstolearnarethemostimportantskillsforthisevent.

UPCOMINGEVENTS

TimeMeetingLocation

Saturday,May.24|9:00a.m.-12:00p.m.MuirBeachOverlook

Sunday,June.8|10:00a.m.—2:00p.m.PointReyesNationalSeashore

Saturday,July12|9:30a.m.一1:30p.m.TennesseeValleyTrailhead

1.WhatistheaimoftheCoastalCleanupCrew?

A.Toremovenativeplants.B.Toraisemoneyforlocalbeaches.

C.Todoresearchonmarinelife.D.Toprotectthemarineecosystem.

2.Whatshoulda14-year-oldvolunteerbring?

A.AsignedParentalConsentForm.B.Acomfortableteamuniform.

C.Agroupregistrationform.D.AListofProjectsYouCanJoin.

3.Whatarethevolunteersexpectedtodo?

A.Bringtheirowntools.B.Workinallweather.

C.Havesimilarexperiences.D.Doatleastthreeprojects.

【答案】l.D2.A3.B

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章是一篇關(guān)于“COASTALCLEANUPCREW”的志愿者招募公告。

【1題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段"JointheCoastalCleanupCrewtohelpprotectourlocalbeachesandcoastalareas.

Volunteerswilltakepartinbeachcleanups,removinglitterthatharmsmarine（海洋）lifeandecosystems.（力口入海

岸清理隊(duì)，幫助保護(hù)我們當(dāng)?shù)氐暮┖脱睾５貐^(qū)。志愿者將參與海灘清理，清除危害海洋生物和生態(tài)系統(tǒng)

的垃圾）”可知，海岸清理隊(duì)的目的是保護(hù)海洋生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。故選D。

【2題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)AGE,SKILLS,WHATTOBRING部分中第一段“Volunteersaged12andaboveare

welcome.Thoseunder18musthaveasignedParentalConsent（同意）Form.（歡迎12歲或以上的義工參加。未

滿18歲者必須簽署家長(zhǎng)同意書(shū)）”可知，一個(gè)14歲的志愿者需要署名的家長(zhǎng)同意書(shū)。故選A。

【3題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)AGE,SKILLS,WHATTOBRING部分中第二段“Wewillbeworkingrainorshine,so

bringyourraincoatifnecessary.（我們將風(fēng)雨無(wú)阻地工作，如有必要，請(qǐng)帶上雨衣）“可知，志愿者需風(fēng)雨無(wú)

阻地工作，即在所有天氣條件下工作。故選B。

"Idon'tknowwhattowritetoyou,soIwilltellyouastoiyaboutfourlittlerabbitsnamedFlopsy,Mopsy,

Cottontail,andPeter,“wroteBeatrixPotterin1893,inalettertoalittleboywhowassufferingfromfever.

Adecadelater,withsmallchanges,theselinesformedtheopeningtooneofthemostpopularbooksinchildren's

literature——TheTaleofPeterRabbit.

Likemanychildren-storyauthors,Potter(1866-1943)wasnotaprofessionalwriter.Hermaininterestwasnature.

DuringherchildhoodfamilyholidaysinPerthshireandtheLakeDistrict,shegottoexperiencenatureupclose.At

theLondonNaturalHistoryMuseum,shecarefullystudiedplantsandanimals.ItwasherbackgroundthatgavePeter

RabbitandPotter'slateranimalstoriestheiruniquesenseofbelievablewonder.

ThankstoPotter'sdrawings,thehumanizedrabbitsseemedtoexistinafamiliarplace.AsPotteronceadmitted,

herstudiesofplantshelpedmakeherfantasydrawingsreal.

Althoughlaterstoriescontainedevenmoredetaileddrawings,PeterRabbithascharmingpicturesofits

impudenthero.Inthesepictures,Peterinthevegetablegardenateradishes(蘿卜)orjumpedoffwallsandknocked

overpotsofflowers.ThepictureofPeterplanningtoescapefromthegardenwhilewatchingMr.McGregor,his

enemy,digginguponionsgivesusafeelingoftensionandadventurethatappealstothechildinallofus.

Potter'sloveofallanimalsisreflectedinthemanyothercreaturesshedrew,includingrobins,sparrowsand

starlings,amouse,goldfishandabeautifulwhitecat.

TheTaleofPeterRabbitwasfirstpublishedbyFrederickWamein1902.Potterwantedthebooktobesmall

enoughtofitintoachild'shandsandinexpensive(withblack-and-whitedrawings),butWarnehadadifferentopinion.

OnlyafterPotterhadthebookpublishedprivatelydidWarnechangehismind.Today,theoriginalstoriescanbe

foundpublishedbyWarne,andtwomillionPotterbooksaresoldworldwideeachyear.

4.WhatcontributestotherealnessofPotter?sdrawings?

A.Herfriendshipwithasickchild.B.Herprofessionaltrainingasawriter.

C.Herefforttobecomeafamousartist.D.Hercontactwithnatureinchildhood.

5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"impudent“probablymeaninParagraph5?

A.Brave.B.Rude.C.Clever.D.Shy.

6.WhatwasWarne'sfirstattitudetowardPotter?sideaofbookpublishing?

A.Supportive.B.Doubtful.C.Excited.D.Uninterested.

7.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.NatureandImagination:TheStoryBehindPeterRabbit.

B.InspirationforArt:TheHistoryofTheTaleofPeterRabbit.

C.LettersandLiterature:TheOriginofChildren'sLiterature.

D.BeatrixPotter:ATalentedandSuccessfulBusinesswoman.

【答案】4.D5.B6.B7.A

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了介紹了《彼得兔》的創(chuàng)作背景及波特的創(chuàng)作靈感來(lái)源。

【4題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Hermaininterestwasnature.DuringherchildhoodfamilyholidaysinPerthshireand

theLakeDistrict,shegottoexperiencenatureupclose.AttheLondonNaturalHistoryMuseum,shecarefully

studiedplantsandanimals.ItwasherbackgroundthatgavePeterRabbitandPotter9slateranimalstoriestheir

uniquesenseofbelievablewonder.（她的主要興趣是大自然。童年時(shí)，她和家人在珀斯郡和湖區(qū)度假，她有機(jī)

會(huì)近距離體驗(yàn)大自然。在倫敦自然歷史博物館，她仔細(xì)研究植物和動(dòng)物。正是她的背景賦予了彼得兔和波

特后來(lái)的動(dòng)物故事獨(dú)特的、可信的奇跡感。）”可知，童年與自然的接觸是畫(huà)作真實(shí)性的關(guān)鍵。故選D

項(xiàng)。

【5題詳解】

詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線單詞下文描述PeterRabbit的行為“Inthesepictures,Peterinthevegetablegardenate

radishes（蘿卜）orjumpedoffwallsandknockedoverpotsofflowers.ThepictureofPeterplanningtoescapefrom

thegardenwhilewatchingMr.McGregor,hisenemy,digginguponionsgivesusafeelingoftensionandadventure

thatappealstothechildinallofus.（在這些圖片中，彼得在菜園里吃蘿卜，或者從墻上跳下來(lái)，撞翻了花

盆。彼得一邊看著他的敵人麥格雷戈先生挖洋蔥，一邊計(jì)劃逃離花園，這幅畫(huà)給我們一種緊張和冒險(xiǎn)的感

覺(jué)，這吸引了我們所有人的童心。）”可知，彼得兔的這些舉動(dòng)帶有頑皮、無(wú)禮的色彩。所以，impudent的

意義為“魯莽的；放肆無(wú)禮的"，與rude意義一致。故選B項(xiàng)。

【6題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段"Potterwantedthebooktobesmallenoughtofitintoachild飛handsand

inexpensive（withblack-and-whitedrawings）,butWarnehadadifferentopinion.OnlyafterPotterhadthebook

publishedprivatelydidWarnechangehismind.（波特希望這本書(shū)足夠小，可以塞進(jìn)孩子的手里，而且價(jià)格便

宜（有黑白圖畫(huà)），但沃恩有不同的意見(jiàn)。直到波特私下出版了這本書(shū)，沃恩才改變了主意。）”可知，對(duì)

于波特的圖書(shū)出版想法，沃恩最初的態(tài)度是懷疑的。故選B項(xiàng)。

【7題詳解】

主旨大意題。文章主要講述了波特如何從自然中獲得靈感，并通過(guò)她的想象力創(chuàng)作出《彼得兔》的故事。

因此，用A項(xiàng)uNatureandImagination:TheStoryBehindPeterRabbit（自然與想象：彼得兔背后的故事）”作

為本文的題目，與文章主題相符合。故選A項(xiàng)。

C

Ayearago,IattendedaspecialeventinNairobi,thecapitalofKenya.Itwastoraisemoneyforawedding.

Manyoftheguestswereyoungbusinesspeoplewhocarriedlotsofcash,eagertohelpthecouple.Suddenly,the

hostaskedthroughthemicrophone,t6Shallwebeginthisharambee?^^

HarambeeisaKenyantradition.Thewordmeans"allpulltogether^^inSwahili,Kenya'snationallanguage.It

isthenation'sofficialmotto（格言），anditappearsonthecountry'scoatoftheemblem（國(guó)徽）.ForKenyans,

harambeemeansasimplerule:whetheryouarerichorpoor,everyonelendsahandtothoseinneed.

Aharambeecanbeanythingfromgivingmoneytoemotionalsupporttoasmallactofkindness.Whenever

someoneneedshelpwithaweddingorafuneral（葬禮）,theywillcontactanelderfamilymemberortribal（部落

的）leader.Thisleaderwillthencallameetingwithotherelders.Iftheproblemisbig,theywillorganizea

harambee.Peoplecontributemoney,servicesoremotionalandphysicalsupport,andexpectnothinginreturn.

AhistorianfromtheUniversityofNairobisaidthat,longago,Swahiliworkersshouted“Harambee!”tolift

heavythingstogether.AccordingtoKenyanfolktales,inthe1890s,some30,000IndianworkerscametoKenyato

helpbuildtheKenya-UgandarailwayundertheordersoftheBritish.AstheyworkedbesideKenyans,theIndians

calledon"Hare,“thedivinepower（神力）ofGod,and“Ambe,“thegoddessofenergy.TheKenyanworkersoften

joined.Slowly,thewords"Hare"and"Ambe"mixedinto"Harmbee”.

Thewordbecamepopularin1963,whenKenya'sfirstpresident,JomoKenyatta,encouragedpeopletoaccept

themotto.ThenationhadjustbecomeindependentfromBritain.Kenyanswereeagertopullthecountrytogether

andbuildanewnation.Today,thespiritofharambeelivesonintheheartsandmindsofallKenyans.

8.WhyisthecoatofKenya5semblemmentionedinParagraph2?

A.ToproveKenyans5lovefortheircountry.

B.TopraiseKenya'sindependencefromBritain.

C.Tostresstheroleofharambeeinnationalidentity.

D.Toshowkindnesstopeoplefromdifferentbackgrounds.

9.WhatisthemainideaofParagraph3?

AWhatthetribeleaderhasdonetohelppeople.

BWhenthetraditionofharambeestartedinhistory.

C.Howharambeeworksthroughcommunityactions.

D.Whatbigproblemsharambeefacesinmoderndays.

10.WhatcanwelearnaboutharambeefromParagraphs4and5?

A.Indianworkersinspireditscreation.B.Indianworkersbuiltarailwaywithit.

C.ItwasfirstusedbySwahiliworkersforfun.D.ItwasaKenyancustombeforeindependence.

11.Whatbestreflectstheauthor'sattitudetowardharambee?

A.Itbenefitsonlynewly-marriedcouples.B.ItisoutdatedinmodemKenyansociety.

C.Itpromotesunitythroughjointaction.D.Itreliesheavilyonforeignculturalinfluences.

【答案】8.C9.C10.A11.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了肯尼亞的傳統(tǒng)一一Harambee以及背后的寓意和起源。

【8題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段uHarambeeisaKenyantradition.Thewordmeans"allpulltogether^^inSwahili,

Kenya'snationallanguage.Itisthenation'sofficialmotto（格言），anditappearsonthecountry'scoatofthe

emblem（國(guó)徽）.ForKenyans,harambeemeansasimplerule:whetheryouarerichorpoor,everyonelendsahand

tothoseinneed.（Harambee是肯尼亞的傳統(tǒng)。這個(gè)詞在肯尼亞的國(guó)家語(yǔ)言斯瓦希里語(yǔ)中的意思是“齊心協(xié)

力”。這是國(guó)家的官方格言，它出現(xiàn)在國(guó)家徽章的外層上。對(duì)肯尼亞人來(lái)說(shuō)，harambee意味著一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的

規(guī)則：無(wú)論你是富人還是窮人，每個(gè)人都向需要幫助的人伸出援助之手）”可知，第2段提到了肯尼亞國(guó)徽

的外層是為了強(qiáng)調(diào)harambee在國(guó)家認(rèn)同中的作用。故選C。

【9題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段Aharambeecanbeanythingfromgivingmoneytoemotionalsupporttoasmallact

ofkindness.Wheneversomeoneneedshelpwithaweddingorafuneral（葬禮）,theywillcontactanelderfamily

memberortribal（部落的）leader.Thisleaderwillthencallameetingwithotherelders.Iftheproblemisbig,they

willorganizeaharambee.Peoplecontributemoney,servicesoremotionalandphysicalsupport,andexpectnothing

inreturn.（harambee可以是任何東西，從給錢(qián)到情感上的支持，再到一個(gè)小小的善舉。每當(dāng)有人在婚禮或葬

禮上需要幫助時(shí)，他們會(huì)聯(lián)系年長(zhǎng)的家庭成員或部落首領(lǐng)。然后，這位領(lǐng)袖將召集其他長(zhǎng)老開(kāi)會(huì)。如果問(wèn)

題很大，他們就會(huì)組織一次游行。人們提供金錢(qián)、服務(wù)或情感和物質(zhì)上的支持，不期望任何回報(bào)）”可知，

第三段的主旨是harambee如何通過(guò)社區(qū)行動(dòng)發(fā)揮作用。故選C。

【10題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“AccordingtoKenyanfolktales,inthe1890s,some30,000Indianworkerscameto

KenyatohelpbuildtheKenya-UgandarailwayundertheordersoftheBritish.AstheyworkedbesideKenyans,the

Indianscalledon"Hare,“thedivinepower（神力）ofGod,and“Ambe,“thegoddessofenergy.TheKenyan

workersoftenjoined.Slowly,thewords"Hare"and"Ambe"mixedinto"Harmbee”.什艮據(jù)肯尼亞民間傳說(shuō)，在

19世紀(jì)90年代，約有3萬(wàn)名印度工人在英國(guó)人的命令下來(lái)到肯尼亞，幫助修建肯尼亞-烏干達(dá)鐵路。當(dāng)他

們和肯尼亞人一起工作時(shí)，印第安人呼喚神的神力“Hare”和能量女神“Ambe”?？夏醽喒と私?jīng)常加入。

慢慢地，“Hare”和“Ambe”兩個(gè)詞混成了“Harmbee"）”可知，印度工人激發(fā)了Harmbee的創(chuàng)作靈

感。故選A。

【11題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后——段“Kenyanswereeagertopullthecountrytogetherandbuildanewnation.Today,the

spiritofharambeelivesonintheheartsandmindsofallKenyans.（肯尼亞人渴望把國(guó)家團(tuán)結(jié)起來(lái)，建立一個(gè)新

的國(guó)家。今天，harambee精神活在所有肯尼亞人的心中）”可知，通過(guò)共同行動(dòng)促進(jìn)團(tuán)結(jié)最能反映作者對(duì)

harambee的態(tài)度。故選C。

D

Astormsurge（風(fēng)暴潮）isaraisedseabroughtbytropicalcyclones（熱帶氣旋），alsoknownastyphoonsor

hurricanes.Thesepowerfulstormsproducestrongwindsthatpushthewaterintoshore（岸），oftencausingflooding.

Astormsurgeismainlycausedbytherelationshipbetweenthewindsandtheocean9ssurface.Thewaterrises

wherethewindsarestrongest.Inaddition,waterispushedinthedirectionthewindsareblowing.Therotation（自

轉(zhuǎn)）oftheEarthcauseswindstomovetowardtherightintheNorthernHemisphere（半球）andtowardtheleftinthe

SouthernHemisphere.IfacyclonedevelopsintheNorthernHemisphere,thesurgewillbethelargestintheright-

forwardpartofthestorm.IntheSouthernHemisphere,thesurgewillbethelargestintheleft-forwardpart.

Atmosphericpressure（氣壓）alsoplaysakeyrole.Inacyclonethecentralpressureislowerthanatitsedges

（邊緣）.Thispushesdownthewaterintheouterpartsofthestorm,causingthewatertoriseinthecenter.

Morefactorscontributetothestrengthofastormsurgeasitcomestothecoast.Thewatercanreachashighas

10metersifthestormsurgehappensatthesametimeashightide.Thecoasfsslope（坡度）matterstoo:shallow

coastsfloodmoreeasily.

Thestormsurgesareaseriousdangerforcoastalareas.Theytypicallyforminlatesummerwhenocean

temperaturesarehighest,providingtheenergyneededforcyclonedevelopment.Historically,stormsurgeshave

causedterriblelosses.Forexample,the1900HurricaneKatrinaintheU.S.claimedover6,000lives,whilethe1970

BholaCycloneinBangladeshresultedinabout500,000deaths.

Today,improvementsinforecasting（預(yù)報(bào)）andwarninghelpreducedamagedonebyastormsurge.Information

aboutsurgeslikespeeds,heightsandpathsareprovided,allowingcommunitiestoprepareandleave.

Coastalcommunitiescanprotectthemselvesagainststormsurgesbyprotectinglocalwetlands,whichcantake

inthewaterandtheenergyofstormsurges.Butunfortunatelytheyhavemadewayforthecitydevelopment.

12.Whatisamaincauseofstormsurges?

A.Heavyrainfallduringcyclones.B.Earth'srotationredirectingthewinds.

C.Suddenrisesofcentralpressure.D.Strongwindspushingseawaterashore.

13.WhereisastormsurgethelargestintheNorthernHemisphere?

A.Centerofthecyclone.

B.Coastalareaswithwetlands.

C.Right-forwardpartofthestorm.

D.Left-forwardpartofthecyclone.

14.WhydoesthetextmentionHurricaneKatrinaandBholaCyclone?

A.Toshowtheincreasedcyclonefrequency.

B.Tostressthedamagingeffectsofstormsurges.

C.Toexplaintheeconomicbenefitsofwetlands.

D.Tocomparestormsurgesintwohemispheres.

15.Whatwillthepassageprobablytalkaboutnext?

A.Strategiestofixcoastalwetlands.

B.Methodstoforecastcyclonepaths.

C.Casestudiesofrecentstormsurges.

D.Climatechange'simpactoncyclones.

【答案】12.D13.C14.B15.A

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了風(fēng)暴潮的定義、形成原因、影響強(qiáng)度的因素、危害以及應(yīng)對(duì)措施。

【12題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段uAstormsurge（風(fēng)暴潮）isaraisedseabroughtbytropicalcyclones（熱帶氣旋）,also

knownastyphoonsorhurricanes.Thesepowerfulstormsproducestrongwindsthatpushthewaterintoshore（岸），

oftencausingflooding.（風(fēng)暴潮是由熱帶氣旋帶來(lái)的海水升高現(xiàn)象，熱帶氣旋也被稱為臺(tái)風(fēng)或颶風(fēng)。這些強(qiáng)

大的風(fēng)暴產(chǎn)生強(qiáng)風(fēng)，將海水推向岸邊，常常引發(fā)洪水）”可知，風(fēng)暴潮的一個(gè)主要原因是強(qiáng)風(fēng)將海水推向岸

邊。故選D。

【13題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“IfacyclonedevelopsintheNorthernHemisphere,thesurgewillbethelargestinthe

right-forwardpartofthestorm.（如果氣旋在北半球形成，風(fēng)暴潮在風(fēng)暴的右前方部分將是最大的）”可知，

如果氣旋在北半球形成，風(fēng)暴潮在風(fēng)暴的右前方部分將是最大的。故選C。

【14題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段uHistorically,stormsurgeshavecausedterriblelosses.Forexample,the1900

HurricaneKatrinaintheU.S.claimedover6,000lives,whilethe1970BholaCycloneinBangladeshresultedin

about500,000deaths.（從歷史上看，風(fēng)暴潮已經(jīng)造成了可怕的損失。例如，1900年美國(guó)的卡特里娜颶風(fēng)奪

走了6000多人的生命，而1970年孟加拉國(guó)的博拉氣旋導(dǎo)致了大約50萬(wàn)人死亡）”可知，歷史上風(fēng)暴潮

造成了可怕的損失，接著舉例美國(guó)的卡特里娜颶風(fēng)和孟加拉國(guó)的博拉氣旋造成的大量人員死亡，所以提到

這兩個(gè)例子是為了強(qiáng)調(diào)風(fēng)暴潮的破壞作用。故選B。

【15題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后——段uCoastalcommunitiescanprotectthemselvesagainststormsurgesbyprotecting

localwetlands,whichcantakeinthewaterandtheenergyofstormsurges.Butunfortunatelytheyhavemadeway

forthecitydevelopment.（沿海社區(qū)可以通過(guò)保護(hù)當(dāng)?shù)貪竦貋?lái)抵御風(fēng)暴潮，當(dāng)?shù)貪竦乜梢晕诊L(fēng)暴潮的水和

能量。但不幸的是，它們已經(jīng)為城市發(fā)展讓路了）”可知，沿海社區(qū)可以通過(guò)保護(hù)當(dāng)?shù)貪竦貋?lái)抵御風(fēng)暴潮，

但不幸的是濕地為城市發(fā)展讓路了。由此可推測(cè)接下來(lái)可能會(huì)討論修復(fù)沿海濕地的策略。故選A。

第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。其中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

Readingcomprehension（理解）ismorethanjustrecognizingsounds,letters,andwords.16

Unfortunately,U.S.schoolsstressdecoding（解碼）wordsoverhelpingchildrenbuildknowledge.WhileAmerican

childrenunder10aregoodatbasicskillslikesummarizingthemaintopicofatext,theyoftenstrugglewithdeeper

understanding.

17Whenwereadfictionorpoetry,itrequiresknowingcharacters5hiddenfeelingsandconnectingthe

texttothetimeinwhichthewriterlived.Italsorequiresexploringcommonthemesbetweentexts.Whenwereadin

thesciences,deepreadingcomprehensionrequireslinkingbackgroundknowledgewithnewinformation.Themore

childrenknowaboutaspecifictopic-likethesolarsystem（太陽(yáng)系）ornaturalselection-theeasieritisforthem

tounderstandnewinformation.

Childrenimprovetheirreadingskillsastheygrow.Bythetimetheyreach12thgrade,theycannotonly

understandwhattheyarereadingbutalsojudgethem.18Withtherightinstruction,studentslearnthatskillful

readinggoesbeyondthelines.Theyshouldusewhattheyknowtocommunicatecritically（批判性地）withwriters

andtheirwork.

19Datagatheredinhomes,atschoolsandinlabsshowthatone-tothree-year-oldswhohave

conversationswitholderpeoplelearntoreadmoreeasilythanchildrenwhodonot.Whenadultstalkseriouslyabout

eventsandobjects,childrenaregivenabigeducationaladvantage:20

A.So,whatisdeepreadingcomprehension?

B.High-schoolerswillreadhistoryornewsreports.

C.Attitudehassomethingtodowithbeingskillfulreaders.

D.Thisprocessofteachingkidstoreadbettermuststartearly.

E.Theirgrowingbodiesofknowledgeimprovestheirreadingskills.

F.Adultsshouldconsidertheopinionsandwishesofyoungerpeople.

G.Itrequiresreaderstoconnectthetextwithwhattheyalreadyknow.

【答案】16.G17.A18.B19.D20.E

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了閱讀理解尤其是深度閱讀理解的內(nèi)涵、要求以及如何提升閱讀技

能，強(qiáng)調(diào)了知識(shí)積累和早期教育對(duì)閱讀技能提升的重要性。

【16題詳解】

根據(jù)上文“Readingcomprehensionismorethanjustrecognizingsounds,letters,andwords.（閱讀理解不僅僅是

識(shí)別聲音、字母和單詞）”可知，接下來(lái)應(yīng)進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明閱讀理解還需要什么。G選項(xiàng)“它要求讀者將文本

與他們己經(jīng)知道的東西聯(lián)系起來(lái)”符合語(yǔ)境，對(duì)閱讀理解的要求進(jìn)行了補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明。故選G。

【17題詳解】

根據(jù)下文“Whenwereadfictionorpoetry,itrequiresknowingcharacters'hiddenfeelingsandconnectingthetext

tothetimeinwhichthewriterlived.Italsorequiresexploringcommonthemesbetweentexts.Whenwereadinthe

sciences,deepreadingcomprehensionrequireslinkingbackgroundknowledgewithnewinformation.（當(dāng)我們閱讀

小說(shuō)或詩(shī)歌時(shí)，這需要了解人物隱藏的情感，并將文本與作者生活的時(shí)代聯(lián)系起來(lái)。它還需要探索文本之

間的共同主題。當(dāng)我們閱讀科學(xué)類文章時(shí)，深度閱讀理解需要將背景知識(shí)與新信息聯(lián)系起來(lái)）”可知，這

些內(nèi)容是在具體解釋深度閱讀理解是什么。A選項(xiàng)“那么，什么是深度閱讀理解呢？”能很好地引出這

些解釋內(nèi)容。故選A。

【18題詳解】

根據(jù)上文“Bythetimetheyreach12thgrade,theycannotonlyunderstandwhattheyarereadingbutalsojudge

them.（到他們上12年級(jí)時(shí)，他們不僅能理解自己所讀的內(nèi)容，還能對(duì)其進(jìn)行評(píng)判）”可知，后面應(yīng)舉例說(shuō)

明高中生閱讀的內(nèi)容。B選項(xiàng)“高中生會(huì)閱讀歷史或新聞報(bào)道”與前文提到的高中階段相呼應(yīng)，符合語(yǔ)

境。故選B。

【19題詳解】

根據(jù)下文“Datagatheredinhomes,atschoolsandinlabsshowthatone-tothree-year-oldswhohave

conversationswitholderpeoplelearntoreadmoreeasilythanchildrenwhodonot.（在家庭、學(xué)校和實(shí)驗(yàn)室收集

的數(shù)據(jù)表明，一到三歲與年長(zhǎng)者交談的孩子比不這樣做的孩子更容易學(xué)會(huì)閱讀）”可知，前面應(yīng)是說(shuō)教孩

子閱讀的過(guò)程要盡早開(kāi)始。D選項(xiàng)“教孩子更好地閱讀的這個(gè)過(guò)程必須盡早開(kāi)始?！蹦芤龊笪年P(guān)于早

期教育對(duì)孩子閱讀影響的內(nèi)容。故選D。

【20題詳解】

根據(jù)上文aWhenadultstalkseriouslyabouteventsandobjects,childrenaregivenabigeducationaladvantage:（當(dāng)

成年人認(rèn)真談?wù)撌录臀矬w時(shí)，孩子會(huì)獲得很大的教育優(yōu)勢(shì)）”可知，后面應(yīng)說(shuō)明這種優(yōu)勢(shì)是什么。E選

項(xiàng)“他們不斷增長(zhǎng)的知識(shí)體系提高了他們的閱讀技能”符合語(yǔ)境。故選E。

第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。

OnMondays,mytwokidsgetreadyforschoolinanunusualway.Theypacktheirnecessities,andgotoa

21tospendthewholedayoutsideata"'forestschool.^^

WhenIfirstsignedthemup,Ilovedtheideaof22education,butwasalsodoubtfulaboutafewthings:

Wouldtheybecomfortableoutsideforthatlong?Wouldtheystay23forsomanyhours?Wouldtheteachers

letthemactfreely?

Myconcernsquickly24asIwatchedhowjoyfultheywerewhenIpickedthemup.Iwasrelievedto

learnthattheirteachers25onlywhensomethinggoeswrong.Thekidsdirecttheirown26.aslongas

ifsdoneina27spacewhereateachercansee.Thereisno28mealtime.Sometimesmykidswereso

attractedbytheirgamesthattheyforgottoeat!

Noneoftheirclassroomteachersthinksit'saproblemthatmykids29Mondays,butmostsignificantly,

mykidsarelearningdifferent30thataclassroomcannotteach.Theyarelearningto31natureup

close.Oncetheyfedsunflowerseedstotinychickadees（北美山雀）.Theystayedstilluntilthebirds32on

theiroutstretchedhands.

Theirconfidenceisgrowingastheyhandle33tasksthattraditionalschoolswouldnever34一

climbingtrees,cookingpiesoverfirestheybuildthemselves,andevensharpeningstickswithknives.Theyalso

makefriendswithkidsofallages.I'm35forsuchaspecialprogram!

21.A.parkB.libraryC.museumD.mall

22.A.onlineB.outdoorC.formalD.classroom

23.A.amusedB.focusedC.confusedD.respected

24.A.remainedB.increasedC.disappearedD.worsened

25.A.ignoreB.avoidC.leaveD.help

26.A.playB.workC.restD.life

27.A.privateB.dangerousC.publicD.quiet

28.A