2020年成人高考高起專英語詞匯辨析強(qiáng)化1.Choosethewordthatbestfitsthemeaningofthesentence.Themanagerwas______aboutthenewproject.A.interestedB.carelessC.angryD.surprised【答案】A【解析】正確答案為A。"interested"意為"感興趣的"，符合句意。B項(xiàng)"careless"意為"粗心的"，C項(xiàng)"angry"意為"生氣的"，D項(xiàng)"surprised"意為"驚訝的"，均與句意不符。易錯點(diǎn)在于混淆近義詞，需注意"interested"表示積極態(tài)度。記憶技巧：聯(lián)想"interest"（興趣）。2.Selectthewordthatdiffersinmeaning.A.importantB.necessaryC.essentialD.useful【答案】D【解析】正確答案為D。"important"、"necessary"、"essential"均表示"必要的"，屬近義詞。D項(xiàng)"useful"意為"有用的"，語義略有不同。易錯點(diǎn)在于忽略"essential"比"important"更強(qiáng)調(diào)根本性。記憶技巧：記"essential"前綴"ess-"代表"根本"。3.Whichwordisclosestinmeaningto"satisfy"?A.pleaseB.annoyC.surpriseD.disappoint【答案】A【解析】正確答案為A。"satisfy"意為"滿足"，與"please"（使?jié)M意）語義接近。B項(xiàng)"annoy"意為"煩惱"，C項(xiàng)"surprise"意為"驚訝"，D項(xiàng)"disappoint"意為"失望"，均不相關(guān)。易錯點(diǎn)在于混淆反義關(guān)系，需注意"satisfy"屬積極語義。記憶技巧：聯(lián)想"satisfy"的"sat-"與"satisfying"（令人滿意的）。4.Choosethewordthatmeanstheoppositeof"confuse".A.clarifyB.explainC.understandD.surprise【答案】A【解析】正確答案為A。"confuse"意為"使困惑"，其反義詞為"clarify"（澄清）。B項(xiàng)"explain"意為"解釋"，C項(xiàng)"understand"意為"理解"，D項(xiàng)"surprise"意為"驚訝"，均非反義關(guān)系。易錯點(diǎn)在于混淆近義動詞，需注意"clarify"特指消除混亂。記憶技巧：記"confuse"后加"-ly"變副詞"confusedly"（困惑地）。5.Selectthebestsynonymfor"persistent".A.lazyB.patientC.weakD.impatient【答案】B【解析】正確答案為B。"persistent"意為"堅(jiān)持的"，與"patient"（耐心的）語義一致。A項(xiàng)"lazy"意為"懶惰的"，C項(xiàng)"weak"意為"弱的"，D項(xiàng)"impatient"意為"沒耐心的"，均相反。易錯點(diǎn)在于忽略"persistent"與"patience"（耐心）的關(guān)聯(lián)。記憶技巧：記"persist"（堅(jiān)持）的"ist"后綴表"人/性"。6.Whichwordbestdescribessomeonewhoisalwayslookingfornewideas?A.creativeB.boringC.strictD.lazy【答案】A【解析】正確答案為A。"creative"意為"有創(chuàng)造力的"，符合題意。B項(xiàng)"boring"意為"無聊的"，C項(xiàng)"strict"意為"嚴(yán)格的"，D項(xiàng)"lazy"意為"懶惰的"，均不符。易錯點(diǎn)在于混淆形容詞詞性，需注意"creative"屬積極描述。記憶技巧：聯(lián)想"create"（創(chuàng)造）。7.Choosethewordthatmeans"tochangeintosomethingdifferent".A.improveB.transformC.increaseD.remain【答案】B【解析】正確答案為B。"transform"意為"使轉(zhuǎn)變"，符合題意。A項(xiàng)"improve"意為"改進(jìn)"，C項(xiàng)"increase"意為"增加"，D項(xiàng)"remain"意為"保持"，均不相關(guān)。易錯點(diǎn)在于忽略"transform"的"form"（形態(tài)）關(guān)聯(lián)。記憶技巧：記"transform"與"transformer"（變壓器）同源。8.Selectthewordthatbestfitsthesentence.Thereportwas______becauseitincludedmanyirrelevantdetails.A.conciseB.detailedC.thoroughD.verbose【答案】D【解析】正確答案為D。"verbose"意為"啰嗦的"，符合句意。A項(xiàng)"concise"意為"簡潔的"，B項(xiàng)"etailed"意為"詳細(xì)的"，C項(xiàng)"thorough"意為"徹底的"，均相反。易錯點(diǎn)在于混淆近形詞"verbose"與"vague"（模糊的）。記憶技巧：聯(lián)想"verbose"的"ver-"（多）與"verbose"（話多的）。9.Whichwordisclosestto"generous"?A.selfishB.kindC.meanD.generous【答案】B【解析】正確答案為B。"generous"意為"慷慨的"，與"kind"（善良的）語義接近。A項(xiàng)"selfish"意為"自私的"，C項(xiàng)"mean"意為"吝嗇的"，D項(xiàng)重復(fù)。易錯點(diǎn)在于忽略"generous"與"genuinely"（真誠地）的關(guān)聯(lián)。記憶技巧：記"generous"的"gen-"與"generate"（產(chǎn)生）同源。10.Choosethewordthatmeans"todelayorpostpone".A.advanceB.postponeC.completeD.begin【答案】B【解析】正確答案為B。"postpone"意為"推遲"，與題意一致。A項(xiàng)"advance"意為"前進(jìn)"，C項(xiàng)"complete"意為"完成"，D項(xiàng)"begin"意為"開始"，均不相關(guān)。易錯點(diǎn)在于混淆近音詞"postpone"與"oppose"（反對）。記憶技巧：記"post-"（之后）+"pone"（放）=推后。11.Selectthebestsynonymfor"vulnerable".A.strongB.protectedC.weakD.cautious【答案】C【解析】正確答案為C。"vulnerable"意為"脆弱的"，與"weak"（弱的）語義一致。A項(xiàng)"strong"意為"強(qiáng)的"，B項(xiàng)"protected"意為"受保護(hù)的"，D項(xiàng)"cautious"意為"小心的"，均相反。易錯點(diǎn)在于忽略"vulnerable"與"vulnerability"（脆弱性）的關(guān)聯(lián)。記憶技巧：記"vuln-"（傷）+"-er"（表性質(zhì)）。12.Choosethewordthatmeans"toexpressclearly".A.whisperB.shoutC.clarifyD.ignore【答案】C【解析】正確答案為C。"clarify"意為"使清晰"，符合題意。A項(xiàng)"whisper"意為"耳語"，B項(xiàng)"shout"意為"喊叫"，D項(xiàng)"ignore"意為"忽視"，均不相關(guān)。易錯點(diǎn)在于忽略"clarify"與"clear"（清晰的）同義關(guān)系。記憶技巧：記"clarify"的"ly"后綴表方式。13.Selectthewordthatbestfitsthesentence.Despitethedifficulties,sheremained______inhergoals.A.ambitiousB.lazyC.carelessD.hopeful【答案】A【解析】正確答案為A。"ambitious"意為"有雄心的"，符合句意。B項(xiàng)"lazy"意為"懶惰的"，C項(xiàng)"careless"意為"粗心的"，D項(xiàng)"hopeful"意為"有希望的"，語義較弱。易錯點(diǎn)在于混淆近義形容詞，需注意"ambitious"強(qiáng)調(diào)目標(biāo)導(dǎo)向。記憶技巧：聯(lián)想"ambition"（野心）。14.Choosethewordthatmeans"tocauseharmordamage".A.protectB.destroyC.createD.improve【答案】B【解析】正確答案為B。"destroy"意為"破壞"，符合題意。A項(xiàng)"protect"意為"保護(hù)"，C項(xiàng)"create"意為"創(chuàng)造"，D項(xiàng)"improve"意為"改進(jìn)"，均相反。易錯點(diǎn)在于忽略"destroy"的"struct"（結(jié)構(gòu)）關(guān)聯(lián)。記憶技巧：記"destroy"與"destruction"（毀滅）同源。15.Selectthebestsynonymfor"persistent".A.weakB.determinedC.forgetfulD.lazy【答案】B【解析】正確答案為B。"persistent"意為"堅(jiān)持的"，與"determined"（堅(jiān)定的）語義一致。A項(xiàng)"weak"意為"弱的"，C項(xiàng)"forgetful"意為"健忘的"，D項(xiàng)"lazy"意為"懶惰的"，均相反。易錯點(diǎn)在于忽略"persistent"與"persistently"（堅(jiān)持地）的關(guān)聯(lián)。記憶技巧：記"persist"（堅(jiān)持）的"ist"后綴表"人/性"。16.Choosethewordthatmeans"tobebornorexistatthesametime".A.uniqueB.identicalC.similarD.rare【答案】B【解析】正確答案為B。"identical"意為"相同的"，符合題意。A項(xiàng)"unique"意為"獨(dú)特的"，C項(xiàng)"similar"意為"相似的"，D項(xiàng)"rare"意為"稀有的"，均不符。易錯點(diǎn)在于混淆近義詞，需注意"identical"強(qiáng)調(diào)完全一致。記憶技巧：記"ident-"（相同）+"-ical"（形容詞）。17.Selectthewordthatbestfitsthesentence.Thescientistwas______bythenewdiscovery.A.boredB.fascinatedC.angryD.confused【答案】B【解析】正確答案為B。"fascinated"意為"著迷的"，符合句意。A項(xiàng)"bored"意為"無聊的"，C項(xiàng)"angry"意為"生氣的"，D項(xiàng)"confused"意為"困惑的"，均不符。易錯點(diǎn)在于忽略"fascinate"與"fascination"（著迷）的關(guān)聯(lián)。記憶技巧：聯(lián)想"fascinating"（有趣的）。18.Choosethewordthatmeans"tomovequickly".A.delayB.hurryC.waitD.pause【答案】B【解析】正確答案為B。"hurry"意為"匆忙"，符合題意。A項(xiàng)"delay"意為"延遲"，C項(xiàng)"wait"意為"等待"，D項(xiàng)"pause"意為"暫停"，均不符。易錯點(diǎn)在于忽略"hurry"與"hurriedly"（匆忙地）的關(guān)聯(lián)。記憶技巧：記"hurry"的"hur-"（急）與"hurricane"（颶風(fēng)）同源。19.Selectthebestsynonymfor"independent".A.dependentB.freeC.weakD.lonely【答案】B【解析】正確答案為B。"independent"意為"獨(dú)立的"，與"free"（自由的）語義接近。A項(xiàng)"dependent"意為"依賴的"，C項(xiàng)"weak"意為"弱的"，D項(xiàng)"lonely"意為"孤獨(dú)的"，均不符。易錯點(diǎn)在于忽略"independent"與"dependence"（依賴）的關(guān)聯(lián)。記憶技巧：記"in-"（不）+"dependent"（依賴的）=不依賴。20.Choosethewordthatmeans"tomakeadecision".A.chooseB.ignoreC.avoidD.postpone【答案】A【解析】正確答案為A。"choose"意為"選擇"，符合題意。B項(xiàng)"ignore"意為"忽視"，C項(xiàng)"avoid"意為"避免"，D項(xiàng)"postpone"意為"推遲"，均不符。易錯點(diǎn)在于忽略"choose"與"choice"（選擇）的關(guān)聯(lián)。記憶技巧：記"choose"的"ch-"（選擇）與"chose"（過去式）。21.Selectallwordsthatmean"toexpressstrongly".A.argueB.suggestC.stateD.claimE.explain【答案】A、C、D【解析】正確答案為A、C、D。"argue"、"state"、"claim"均表示"強(qiáng)烈陳述"，屬近義關(guān)系。B項(xiàng)"suggest"意為"建議"，E項(xiàng)"explain"意為"解釋"，語義較弱。易錯點(diǎn)在于混淆"state"（陳述）與"stay"（停留）。記憶技巧：記"state"的"st-"（站立）=明確表達(dá)。22.Selectallwordsthataresynonymsof"happy".A.joyfulB.sadC.cheerfulD.contentE.anxious【答案】A、C、D【解析】正確答案為A、C、D。"joyful"、"cheerful"、"content"均表示"快樂的"，屬近義關(guān)系。B項(xiàng)"sad"意為"悲傷的"，E項(xiàng)"anxious"意為"焦慮的"，均相反。易錯點(diǎn)在于混淆近形詞"cheerful"與"cheese"（奶酪）。記憶技巧：記"cheer"（歡呼）的"ful"后綴表"充滿"。23.Selectallwordsthatmean"tofail".A.succeedB.collapseC.failD.breakE.succeed【答案】B、C、D【解析】正確答案為B、C、D。"collapse"、"fail"、"break"均表示"失敗"，屬近義關(guān)系。A項(xiàng)"succeed"意為"成功"，E項(xiàng)重復(fù)。易錯點(diǎn)在于忽略"break"的"rupt"（斷裂）關(guān)聯(lián)。記憶技巧：記"break"與"broken"（打破的）同源。24.Selectallwordsthataretypesoffood.A.meatB.tableC.fruitD.chairE.bread【答案】A、C、E【解析】正確答案為A、C、E。"meat"、"fruit"、"bread"均屬食物。B項(xiàng)"table"意為"桌子"，D項(xiàng)"chair"意為"椅子"，均非食物。易錯點(diǎn)在于忽略"fruit"的"fruitful"（富有成效的）衍生詞。記憶技巧：記"fruit"的"fu"（果實(shí)）與"fruitful"同源。25.Selectallwordsthatmean"totravel".A.journeyB.walkC.restD.driveE.sit【答案】A、B、D【解析】正確答案為A、B、D。"journey"、"walk"、"drive"均表示"旅行/移動"，屬近義關(guān)系。C項(xiàng)"rest"意為"休息"，E項(xiàng)"sit"意為"坐著"，均不相關(guān)。易錯點(diǎn)在于混淆"drive"（開車）與"diver"（潛水員）。記憶技巧：記"drive"的"riv"（河流）=開車沿路。26.Selectallwordsthatarecolors.A.blueB.treeC.greenD.bookE.red【答案】A、C、E【解析】正確答案為A、C、E。"blue"、"green"、"red"均為顏色。B項(xiàng)"tree"意為"樹"，D項(xiàng)"book"意為"書"，均非顏色。易錯點(diǎn)在于忽略"green"的"greenhouse"（溫室）衍生詞。記憶技巧：記"green"的"ene"（綠色）與"grassy"（草多的）同源。27.Selectallwordsthatmean"toberight".A.correctB.wrongC.accurateD.trueE.false【答案】A、C、D【解析】正確答案為A、C、D。"correct"、"accurate"、"true"均表示"正確的"，屬近義關(guān)系。B項(xiàng)"wrong"意為"錯誤的"，E項(xiàng)"false"意為"錯誤的"，均相反。易錯點(diǎn)在于忽略"true"的"truly"（真正地）衍生詞。記憶技巧：記"true"的"ru"（真實(shí)）與"truly"同源。28.Selectallwordsthatarepartsofthebody.A.armB.bookC.legD.noseE.tree【答案】A、C、D【解析】正確答案為A、C、D。"arm"、"leg"、"nose"均為身體部位。B項(xiàng)"book"意為"書"，E項(xiàng)"tree"意為"樹"，均不相關(guān)。易錯點(diǎn)在于忽略"leg"的"leg"（腿）與"legume"（豆類）的關(guān)聯(lián)。記憶技巧：記"leg"的"ge"（行走）=腿。29.Selectallwordsthatmean"tobequiet".A.loudB.silentC.quietD.noisyE.calm【答案】B、C、E【解析】正確答案為B、C、E。"silent"、"quiet"、"calm"均表示"安靜的"，屬近義關(guān)系。A項(xiàng)"loud"意為"響亮的"，D項(xiàng)"noisy"意為"吵鬧的"，均相反。易錯點(diǎn)在于忽略"calm"的"ly"后綴表狀態(tài)。記憶技巧：記"calm"的"cal"（平靜）與"calorie"（卡路里）同源。30.Selectallwordsthataretypesofanimals.A.dogB.tableC.catD.birdE.flower【答案】A、C、D【解析】正確答案為A、C、D。"dog"、"cat"、"bird"均為動物。B項(xiàng)"table"意為"桌子"，E項(xiàng)"flower"意為"花"，均不相關(guān)。易錯點(diǎn)在于忽略"bird"的"birdie"（鳥）衍生詞。記憶技巧：記"bird"的"rd"（翅膀）=鳥。31.Themanagerwas______aboutthenewproject.√【解析】正確答案為√。"interested"意為"感興趣的"，符合句意。易錯點(diǎn)在于混淆近義詞，需注意"interested"屬積極語義。32.Thereportwas______becauseitincludedmanyirrelevantdetails.×【解析】正確答案為×。應(yīng)為"verbose"（啰嗦的），而非"concise"（簡潔的）。易錯點(diǎn)在于忽略"verbose"的"ver-"（多）關(guān)聯(lián)。33.Thescientistwas______bythenewdiscovery.√【解析】正確答案為√。"fascinated"意為"著迷的"，符合句意。易錯點(diǎn)在于混淆近義形容詞，需注意"fascinated"屬積極描述。34.Thescientistwas______bythenewdiscovery.×【解析】正確答案為×。應(yīng)為"fascinated"（著迷的），而非"bored"（無聊的）。易錯點(diǎn)在于忽略"fascination"（著迷）的關(guān)聯(lián)。35.Themanagerwas______aboutthenewproject.×【解析】正確答案為×。應(yīng)為"interested"（感興趣的），而非"angry"（生氣的）。易錯點(diǎn)在于混淆情緒詞匯。36.Thereportwas______becauseitincludedmanyirrelevantdetails.√【解析】正確答案為√。"verbose"意為"啰嗦的"，符合句意。易錯點(diǎn)在于忽略近形詞"verbose"與"vague"（模糊的）。37.Themanagerwas______aboutthenewproject.√【解析】正確答案為√。"ambitious"意為"有雄心的"，符合句意。易錯點(diǎn)在于混淆近義形容詞。38.Thescientistwas______bythenewdiscovery.×【解析】正確答案為×。應(yīng)為"fascinated"（著迷的），而非"confused"（困惑的）。易錯點(diǎn)在于忽略"fascination"（著迷）的關(guān)聯(lián)。39.Thereportwas______becauseitincludedmanyirrelevantdetails.×【解析】正確答案為×。應(yīng)為"verbose"（啰嗦的），而非"concise"（簡潔的）。易錯點(diǎn)在于忽略"verbose"的"ver-"（多）關(guān)聯(lián)。40.Themanagerwas______aboutthenewproject.√【解析】正確答案為√。"interested"意為"感興趣的"，符合句意。易錯點(diǎn)在于混淆近義詞，需注意"interested"屬積極語義。41.Explainthedifferencebetween"persistent"and"persistent".【答案】-Persistent:意為"堅(jiān)持的"，強(qiáng)調(diào)持續(xù)努力。-Persistent:意為"持續(xù)的"，屬副詞，修飾動詞。【解析】知識點(diǎn)：形容詞與副詞的區(qū)別。解題思路：1."persistent"（形容詞）修飾名詞，表示"堅(jiān)持不懈的"。2."persistently"（副詞）修飾動詞，表示"持續(xù)地"。易錯提醒：注意拼寫差異，"ly"后綴表副詞。記憶技巧：聯(lián)想"persist"（堅(jiān)持）的"ist"后綴表"人/性"，"ly"表方式。42.Describethemeaningof"verbose"andprovideexamples.【答案】-Verbose:意為"啰嗦的"，指說話或?qū)懽魅唛L。例：Thereportwasverbosebecauseitincludedmanyirrelevantdetails.【解析】知識點(diǎn)：形容詞"verbose"的語義與用法。解題思路：1.定義"verbose"為"冗長的"，強(qiáng)調(diào)內(nèi)容過多。2.舉例說明，如報(bào)告包含不相關(guān)細(xì)節(jié)。易錯提醒：避免與"concise"（簡潔的）混淆。記憶技巧：聯(lián)想"verbose"的"ver-"（多）與"verbiage"（冗長文字）同源。43.Compare"ambitious"and"lazy"intermsofmeaningandusage.【答案】-Ambitious:意為"有雄心的"，積極追求目標(biāo)。-Lazy:意為"懶惰的"，消極回避任務(wù)?！窘馕觥恐R點(diǎn)：反義形容詞的語義對比。解題思路：1."ambitious"強(qiáng)調(diào)目標(biāo)導(dǎo)向，如"ambitiousgoals"。2."lazy"強(qiáng)調(diào)逃避，如"lazyworker"。易錯提醒：注意"ambitious"屬褒義，"lazy"屬貶義。記憶技巧：聯(lián)想"ambition"（野心）的"amb-"（高）前綴。44.Explainhow"confuse"differsfrom"clarify".【答案】-Confuse:意為"使困惑"，增加混亂。-Clarify:意為"澄清"，消除混亂?！窘馕觥恐R點(diǎn)：動詞近義詞的語義對比。解題思路：1."confuse"表示"使混亂"，如"confusesomeone"。2."clarify"表示"使清晰"，如"clarifyapoint"。易錯提醒：注意"confuse"屬負(fù)面語義，"clarify"屬正面語義。記憶技巧：聯(lián)想"confuse"的"fuse"（融合）=混合，"clarify"的"ly"表方式。45.Analyzetheusageof"persistent"indifferentcontexts.【答案】-持續(xù)努力：Despitedifficulties,sheremainedpersistentinhergoals.-