專題三三大從句和特殊句式第一講并列句和狀語從句考點一并列句的用法情景導(dǎo)入NotonlyhadNiulanglosthisparents，but(also)①hewasoftenbulliedbyhiselderbrother.Whatheonlyhadwasanoldandweakcow,but②hetookgoodcareofit.Othermenathisagehadchildrenalready,while③Niulangdidn'tgetmarriedyet.Oneday，thecowsaidunexpectedly，“I'dliketohelpyou,for④youhaveattendedmesocarefully.Followme,and⑤youwillgetawife！”SoNiulangwenttothebankwhileseveralbeautifulfairieswerebathingintheriver.Thenhedidastheanimaltoldhim，hidingtheyoungestfairy'sclothesawayand⑥tellingher，“Iamafraidthatyouwilleitherloseyourclothesor⑦marryme.”Asaresult，theyoungestfairy，Zhinü，becamehiswife.用法感悟1．表并列、順承或遞進(jìn)關(guān)系的有：①⑥2．表轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的有：②3．表選擇關(guān)系的有：⑦4．表因果關(guān)系的有：④5．表條件或結(jié)果關(guān)系的有：⑤6．強(qiáng)調(diào)兩種情況的對比有：③并列句是由兩個或兩個以上并列而又獨立的簡單句構(gòu)成的。在并列句中，這些簡單句常由并列連詞(短語)連在一起。并列連詞用法例句and,notonly...but(also)．..，both...and...等表并列、順承或遞進(jìn)關(guān)系Theretheairiscleanandthemountainsaregreen.那里空氣清新，千山一碧。but,yet，whereas等表轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系Thefailurewasabigblowtohim,buthewasn'tdiscouragedandsoongotasenthusiasticasever.這次失敗對他是個很大的打擊，但他并沒有氣餒，很快便像以前一樣充滿熱情。or,either...or...，not...but...等表選擇關(guān)系EitheryoumustimproveyourworkorIshalldismissyou.要么你改進(jìn)工作，要么我就辭退你。for,so表因果關(guān)系(for連接的分句一般不能放在句首，往往表示一種附帶的解釋、說明或推斷)Theleavesofthetreesarefalling,forit'salreadyautumn.樹葉在飄落，因為秋天已經(jīng)到了。and,or表條件或結(jié)果關(guān)系，常用于句型“祈使句＋and/or＋陳述句”中Youhavetomoveoutofthewayorthetruckcannotgetpastyou.你必須讓出路來，否則卡車無法從你身旁通過。while作并列連詞，強(qiáng)調(diào)兩種情況的對比Ilikeblackcoffee,whileheprefersitwithmilk.我愛喝不加牛奶的咖啡，而他更喜歡喝加牛奶的?！军c津】when可用作并列連詞，相當(dāng)于andatthis/thattime，意為“正在這/那時，突然……”，常用于下列句式：sb.beabouttodo/onthepointofdoingsth.when...(某人正要做某事，突然……)；sb.bedoingsth.when...(某人正在做某事，突然……);sb.had(just)donesth.when...(某人剛做完某事，突然……)。Hewasabouttogooutwhenthetelephonerang.他正要出去，這時電話鈴響了。Hehadjustfinishedwritingareportwhenthebosslethimtypealetter.他剛寫完一篇報告，突然老板就讓他打一封信件。即時演練(一)單句語法填空1．Thespareroomcanbedesignedasanexcellententertainmentcenter,aplayroom,oralargehomeoffice.2．Guidedogsoffersocial,physicalandmentalbenefitsforsomepeoplewhoareblind,buttrainingthemisanexpensiveandlongprocess.3．MoYanwasabsorbedinwritinghisnovelanddidn'tlookupwhenthereportercamein.4．Anotherhourandwewillcompletethetasksenttous.5．(2023·新課標(biāo)Ⅱ卷)It'sbeenanhonortowatchthepandaprogrammedevelopandtoseethepandassettleintotheirnewhome.【例1】Ourfoodsupplydependsonclimateandweatherconditions.Agriculturalpracticesmaybeadaptable,butchangeslikeincreasedtemperatures,waterstress,diseases,andweatherextremescreatechallengesforthefarmerswhoputfoodonourtables.分析：分析句子邏輯關(guān)系可知此處climate與weatherconditions為并列關(guān)系。故填and?！纠?】Ifyoulookdownorawayfromapersonratherthanmeetinghimorher，youareconsideredtobeeitherunfocusedoruninterestedinhimorher.分析：由句意可知，空前空后表選擇關(guān)系，應(yīng)用連詞or，構(gòu)成固定搭配either...or...。故填or。考點二狀語從句情景導(dǎo)入Mymotherwascookinginthekitchenwhile①Iwasdoingmyschoolassignments.Assoonas②Ifinishedmyhomework，Iwenttogetsomewatertodrink.Thenthedoorbellrang.However，mysisterunlockedthedoorbefore③Icouldopenit.Weweresurprisedthemoment④wesawherbecause⑤herclothesandfacewereterriblydirty.Shelookedmuchpoorerthan⑥weexpected.After⑦mysistergotchanged，shetoldusthatshefellintoaditchwhen⑧shewalkedonapathonherwaytomyuncle'shomeinthecountryside.Shecouldn'tgetoutoftheditch.Afterseveralvainattemptsshehadtostandwhere⑨shewasandwaiteduntil⑩aboystudentpassedbyandgaveherahand.用法感悟1．引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句的有：①②③④⑦⑧⑩2．引導(dǎo)地點狀語從句的有：⑨3．引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句的有：⑤4．引導(dǎo)比較狀語從句的有：⑥對比記憶9大狀語從句項目連接詞例句注意事項時間狀語從句when,while,as,before，after,since，until,themoment等①WhenIwaswalkingalongthestreet,Imetafriendofmine.②Iwilltellhimthenewsthemomenthecomes.一般情況下，在時間狀語從句中，表示將來的動作，主句用將來時，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時代替將來時地點狀語從句where,wherever等①Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.②Wearealwayswelcomewhereverwego.注意不要和where引導(dǎo)的定語從句混淆，若是定語從句，where前必然有先行詞條件狀語從句if,unless,as/solongas,once,onconditionthat,incase等①Youshouldgotoschoolunlessyouareseriouslyill.②Hewillcertainlypasstheexamnexttermifheworkshardathislessons.條件狀語從句和時間狀語從句一樣，當(dāng)主句是將來時的時候，從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時原因狀語從句because,since,as，now(that)等①Hedidn'tgotoschoolbecausehewasill.②AsheisaLeaguemember,hetakestheleadineverythinginhisclass.①because語氣最強(qiáng)，用來說明人們所不知道的原因，回答why提出的問題；since次之，as最弱；②as引導(dǎo)的從句往往放在主句前面，用來說明比較明顯的原因讓步狀語從句although,though，while,as，evenif/though,whatever,however,whoever,nomatterwhat/who/how等①Althoughheisachild,heknowsalot.②Tiredas/thoughIwas,Iwentonwithmywork.③IwillgoandattendthemeetinghoweverbusyIam.①當(dāng)用though或although引導(dǎo)從句時，后面的主句不能有but；②as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句必須把表語、狀語或動詞原形提前結(jié)果狀語從句so...that...，such...that...，sothat等①Herunssofastthatnoonecancatchupwithhim.②ItwassuchaninterestingnovelthatIreaditthreetimes.③IgotuplatesothatImissedtheearlybus.在so...that...和such...that...結(jié)構(gòu)中，so為副詞，后面跟形容詞、副詞或分詞，而such為限定詞，后面只能跟名詞或名詞短語方式狀語從句as,justas,asif,asthough等①Weshouldworkandstudyashedid.②Theytalkedasiftheyhadbeenfriendsforyears.asif,asthough在方式狀語從句中多指非真實的或可能性較小的情況，常用虛擬語氣比較狀語從句as...as，notso...as，比較級＋than等①Heworksashardaseveryoneelse(does)intheclass.②Heistallerthananyotherstudentinourschool.可以用比較句型表示在一定范圍內(nèi)的最高級含義：比較級＋than＋anyother＋單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞目的狀語從句sothat,inorderthat,forfearthat,incase等①Shestudieshardsothat/inorderthatshecanenterakeyuniversity.②Takeanumbrellawithyouincaseitshouldrain.從句中常用may,might,can,could，should等情態(tài)動詞即時演練(二)單句語法填空1．Thoughitis5yearssinceheretiredfromhisworkplace,theoldprofessorremainsactiveintheacade