冠詞

1.抽象名詞(看不見，摸不著的東西)前冠詞的用法；

⑴表示泛指時(shí)不加任何的冠詞Timeisveryvaluable.

⑵有限制性定語時(shí)經(jīng)常加the(適合所有的名詞)thescienceofsound

(3)從漢語意思上來說，表示"一"時(shí)前應(yīng)加不定冠詞。Translateisanart.

(4)抽象名詞具體化，加不定冠詞Themeetingisasuccess.

▲Theyoungstudentis__asawriter.Itis_toallhisteachers.

A.success,surpriseB.asuccess,surpriseC.success,asurpriseD.asuccess,asurprise

2.part和三餐前冠詞的用法：沒有形容詞修飾時(shí)不能加冠詞

HereispartofXiaoJun'sletter.Heplaysanimportantpart.

Hehadlunch.Hehadawonderfullunch.

3.space和society前一般不加冠詞如：walkinspace

4.可數(shù)名詞表示泛指的方法

(1)名詞復(fù)數(shù)Horsesarcusefulanimals.

⑵名詞前加不定冠詞Ahorseisausefulanimal.

(3)單數(shù)名詞前加theThehorseisausefulanimal.

5.名詞前加冠詞的注意事項(xiàng)：首先考慮漢語意思，除絕對(duì)不可數(shù)名詞外，若表示“一”意思講時(shí)，即使后面

有定語修飾，名詞前就應(yīng)用不定冠詞。其次考慮其他語法規(guī)則。

▲Haveyouseen___pen?Ileftitherthismorning.

Isit_blackone?IthinkIsawitsomewhere.

A.a,theB.the,theC.a.aD.the,a

▲Forhimthestageisjust___meansofmakingaliving.A.(heB.aC./

▲__personlikehimwon'tbesatisfiedwithlittleprogressthathasbeenmade.

AJhe,aB.the,/C.a,/Da,the

AThereis___MissDoolittlewaitingforyouattheschoolgate.

AHightemperatureturningthelargeicesheettowaterwouldcause___riseinsealevelsworldwideandchange

__weatheronearth.A.a,theB.the,/C.a,/D.a,a

APeopleregardthewheelasinventionofthefirstimportanceinhumanhistory.

A.an,theB.an,/C.the,theD.the，/

6.雙方都知道的人和物前加the

▲Iknockedovermyofficecup.Itwentrightoverthekeyboard.

▲Nowthemachinerunatdouble.

A.aspeedB.speedC.thespeedD.forspeed.

▲Ifyoubuymorethan(ea.theyknock20penceoff___.

A.apriceB.priceC.thepriceD.prices

▲Foralongtime,leywalkedwithoutsayingaword.Jimwasihefirst(obreaksilence.AtheB/

7.地名和人名前一般不加冠詞，但若表示“一”意思講時(shí)應(yīng)該加不定冠詞，若有定語則經(jīng)常加定冠詞。

▲一CouldIspeaktoMrSmith?

…Thereisn'tMrSmithhere.

▲Webelieve___Beijingwellseeintheyear2008willbeaquitedifferentcityfromwhatitisnow.

A.aB.anC.theD./

8.專有名詞前冠詞的用法：

大部分情況下應(yīng)加定冠詞，但下列情況下不加冠詞。

①海島，山峰，湖泊

②颶風(fēng)

③節(jié)假日及其前夕Christmasevespringfestival

④國名，洲名

⑤星期，月份，季節(jié)

⑥華北華中華南等EastChina

9.跟國家有關(guān)的問題

?English=theEnglishlanguageFrench=theFrenchlanguage

②單復(fù)數(shù)形式相同的theChinese=Chinese中國人（總稱）aChinese一個(gè)中國人

單復(fù)數(shù)形式不同的Americans美國人（總稱）anAmerican一個(gè)美國人

③縮寫和全稱形式前一般加the如：theUKtheUSA

America=theUnitedStatesofAmerica

④表示國家名稱的詞只有一個(gè)意思，如：China只有“中國”一個(gè)意思，其他意思都用Chinese來表示?！爸?/p>

國的，中國人的，中國人，漢語，漢語的”

10.鋼琴等樂器前加the,球類前不加冠詞

11.某些泛指含義的名詞前不加冠詞

gotoschool/college上大學(xué)

gotochurchinchurch做禮拜

gotohospital=inhospital住院

gotobed=inbed睡覺

throwsbintoprison=inprison監(jiān)禁

12.AZhanghuaisastudentat.

A.theUniversityofBeijingB.BeijingUniversity

theUniversityofBeijing=BeijingUniversity及諸如此類的用法

13.▲…Doyoulikenovels?

1don'tlikeeitherofthem.Pleaseshowmethirdone.

A.aB.theC./D.an

序數(shù)詞前加a表示“再”“又”

名詞

1.名詞做的成分：

(1)主語和賓語Thetradeagreementhelpedtostrengthenthebondsbetweenthetwocountries.

⑵表語Moneyisabottomlesssea.

(3)定語Thereasonofthetrafficaccidentisclear.

(4)補(bǔ)語TheymadeLondonthebaseforrevolutionarywork.賓補(bǔ)

MrBrownisconsideredagoodteacher.主補(bǔ)

以下成分比較少見：

①狀語Heworksdayandnight.

②同位語Wcstudentsshouldstudyhard.

③呼語LadiesandGentlemen,pleasetakeyourseat.

2.AAchildgrowingupinthiswaylearnhisorherrolethroughjoininginthecommunity's.

A.activityB.work

activity表示"活動(dòng)”時(shí)應(yīng)該用復(fù)數(shù)activities

3.AShewenttothebookstoreandbought__.

A.dozenbooksB.dozensbooksC.dozenofbooksD.dozensofbooks

dozen的用法：(hundredthousand,million,score的用法跟dozen相同)

(l)dozen前沒有基數(shù)詞時(shí)，應(yīng)為dozensof+名詞

(2)dozen前有基數(shù)詞時(shí)，應(yīng)為twodozen+名詞

注：twohundredofthesebooks符合以上規(guī)律，是twohundredbooksofthesebooks的省略形式

4.▲Atthemeetingtheydiscussedthreedifferent__tothestudyofmathematics.

A.approachesB.meansC.methodsD.ways.

▲Myparentsalwaysletmehavemyown___ofliving.A.wayB.approach

“……的方法”表示法

theapproachtosth,thewaytodosth或thewayofdoingsth(meansmethod的用法跟way的用法相同)

5.▲The__isjustaroundthecornerandyouwon'tmissit.

Abicycle'sshopBbicycleshopCbicyclesshop

名詞經(jīng)?？梢宰龆ㄕZ，或稱為復(fù)合名詞，其形式為nln2,nl做定語，n2為中心詞。

復(fù)合名詞變復(fù)數(shù)的特點(diǎn)：

(1)有中心詞的在中心詞上變復(fù)數(shù)。Streetlightfstreetlights

⑵有man,woman的變menwomen同時(shí)中心詞變復(fù)數(shù)。Womandoctorfwomendoctors

⑶沒有中心詞的在最后一個(gè)詞上變復(fù)數(shù)。

6.▲Eachplayermustobey__,whoistheleaderofthefootballteam.

A.captainB.acaptainC.thecapitanD.captains

▲I'mcaptainoftheclassteam.

官銜和職位在做同位語，表語和補(bǔ)語時(shí)前面不加冠詞。

7.AShealwayswearsbeautiful__.

A.clothesB.clothC.dressD.clothing

▲Labworkersmustwearprotective___.

A.clothB.dressC.clothingD.costume

Clothes：總稱，任何情況都用復(fù)數(shù)Theseclolhesarenew.

Clothing：(1)泛指服裝acoatisanarticleofclothing.

(2)特指某類衣服Childrenclothing

Cloth：(1)布料，不可數(shù)

(2)特殊用途的布，可數(shù)atablecloth

Dress衣服，可數(shù)

costume特別指演出時(shí)穿的服裝

8.Word消息，相當(dāng)于news,information不可數(shù)名詞

AHcleft_withmysecretarythathewouldcallagainintheafternoon.

A.wordB.wordsC.awordD.theword

9.常見的絕對(duì)不可數(shù)名詞

(l)fun不可數(shù)，常做表語.和funny的區(qū)別是fun：n.有趣funny：adj.滑稽的，可笑的

▲Whatfunilistoskateinwinter

Altistohaveawalkalongtheriveraftersupper

A.afunB.funnyC.greatfunD.veryfun

(2)weather不可數(shù)名詞

▲terribleweatherwe'vebeenhavingthesedays!

A.HowaB.whataC.howD.what

⑶advice不可數(shù)名詞

AFatherwenttohisdoctorfor___abouthishearttrouble.

A.adviceB.advicesC.theadvice

(4)progress不可數(shù)名詞

▲progresshehadmadewithhisworkafteryearsofstruggling!

A.whatrapidB.howrapidC.whatrapidD.howrapida

lO.fruit表示水果總稱時(shí)，為不可數(shù)名詞

表示水果種類時(shí)，為可數(shù)名詞

AMotherboughtalotof___.A.fruitB.fruits

11.AThereisnotenough__foryouboyshere.A.roomB.rooms

room表示空間時(shí)為不可數(shù)名詞

12.▲Oneoftheadvantagesoflivingonthetopfloorofahighriseisthatyoucangetagood

A.sightB.sceneC.viewD.look

從某一角度看到的景色應(yīng)為vie>v

13.▲—wouldyoulike_,sir?

一no,thanks,!havehadmuch

A.somemoreorangesB.somemoreorangeC.anymoreorangeD.anymoreoranges

Orange（1）桔子，可數(shù)名詞（2）桔子汁，不可數(shù)名詞

14.power⑴能力⑵權(quán)利

force（l）武力（2）力量（特別指自然界的力量）

energy（l）精力（2）能源

strength體力，力量（特別指人的力量）

15.Price不能用expensive或cheap修飾，只能用high或low修飾

16.time的用法；

泛指時(shí)間時(shí)是不可數(shù)，如：Timeisveryvaluable.

但在其他情況下是可數(shù)名詞，如：TherewasatimewhenIhatedtogotoschool.

17.job工作，可數(shù)名詞；work工作，不可數(shù)名詞

18.instructionsdirections表示“說明書"時(shí)必須用復(fù)數(shù)

19.animalsofadifferentkind=adifferentkindofanimals

animals的前面不加定冠詞

20.序號(hào)在名詞前用序數(shù)詞，序號(hào)在名詞后用基數(shù)詞

Gatetwo=thesecondgateLessonfive=thefifthlesson

Worldwartwo=thesecondworldwar

21.area一般是可數(shù)名詞

▲Dreamingoflivingin__greenareaarebecomingareality.

A.iheB.aC./D.an

22.experiencc(1)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，不可數(shù)(2)經(jīng)歷，可數(shù)

23.Rain(l)雨，雨水，不可數(shù)(2)一陣雨，一場(chǎng)雨前面加不定冠詞

AThereis___intheSaharadesertwhilethereis___everynowardtheninthetropicaljungle.

A.littlerain,rainB.muchrainC.muchrain,arainD.littlerain,arain

ATherewereaheavyrainlastnight.

24.thewriterandsinger作家兼歌唱家

thewriterandthesinger作家和歌唱家

MaryandToni'smother瑪麗和湯姆的媽媽（他們一個(gè)媽媽）

Mary、andTom'smother瑪麗的媽媽和湯姆的媽媽

25.radio表示泛指前面必須加the,但TV表泛指不能加任何冠詞

Ioftenlisten(o(heradio.HelikestowatchTV.

26.majorily的用法

themajority做主語，謂語動(dòng)詞單復(fù)數(shù)都可。

amajorityof做主語，應(yīng)根據(jù)of后面的名詞來確定謂語動(dòng)詞

Themajorityare/isinfavoroftheproposalintheelection.

Amajorityofthemarefromthecountryside.

27.常見的集合名詞有：Cattle,people,thepolice,thepublic,clothes

集合名詞的特點(diǎn)是：①不能變復(fù)數(shù)②做主語謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用復(fù)數(shù)形式

28."...的原因”表示方法有兩種：thereasonfor...thereasonwhy

如：他上學(xué)遲到的原因是因?yàn)樘煜掠辍?/p>

Thereasonfbrhewaslateforschoolisthatitrained.

Thereasonwhyhewaslateforschoolisthatitrained.

29.注意Offer充當(dāng)名詞時(shí)的用法。背誦以下句子

Thankyouforyourofferofhelp/tohelp.非常感謝你對(duì)我們提供的幫助。

rvehadanofferof$900forthehouse.我出價(jià)900美元來買這人房子。

30.▲Withmanyforestsbeingdestroyed,hugequantitiesofgoodearth_eachyear.

A.isbeingwashedawayB.arebeingwashedaway

quantitiesof+名詞做主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)；aquantityof+名詞做主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用第三人稱單數(shù)

31.ConditionfOsituation表示”情況,局勢(shì)”的區(qū)別

⑴Conditions必須是復(fù)數(shù)situation是可數(shù)名詞

(2)在這種情況下Undertheseconditionsinthissituation

32.1fare(車/船/飛機(jī)等交通工具的)費(fèi)用如taxifare出租車費(fèi)

Y

〔fee(付給專業(yè)人員如醫(yī)生，律師等)的費(fèi)用

tuition學(xué)費(fèi)

AHaveyoureadthepapertoday?Train___aregoingupagainandthey'resoexpensivealready.

A.feesB.faresC.pricesD.tickets

33.north,south,east,west,right,left的用法。前面若有the,必須加介詞，若沒有the,不能加介詞

turnleft=turntotheleft

Thesmallvillagelies(tothe)eastofthemountain.

34.atnightintheeveninginthemorningintheafternoon但以下兩種情況應(yīng)用介詞on①前面有修飾

詞②具體的某一天的上午，下午或晚上

▲__adarkstormynight,asuddenearthquakedestroyedmostofthetown.

A.withB.asC.inD.on

35.Population用法

(1)有兩個(gè)意思：

人口(allthepeoplewholiveinaparticulararea,cityorcountry)做主語用復(fù)數(shù);

人口數(shù)量(thetotalofpeoplewholivehere)做主語用第三人稱單數(shù)

⑵提問要用what

(3)其修飾詞為large或small

▲Morethan70percentofthepopulationofourcountry___peasants.

A.hasB.haveC.isD.are

36.分?jǐn)?shù)詞的主意事項(xiàng)：

(1)分子是基數(shù)詞，分母是序數(shù)詞，分子大于1時(shí)，分母變復(fù)數(shù)。如：Onethird三分之一twothirds三分

之二

(2)后面一般加Of,如：twothirdsofmyclassmates＞但中間有連接號(hào)時(shí)則不加Of,如：two-thirdmy

classmates

37.百分?jǐn)?shù)的用法：

percent百分之幾，前面加基數(shù)詞20percentofthestudents

percentage百分率，前面不能加基數(shù)詞Alargepercentageofthebookshavepictures.

38.需要注意的名詞后的介詞

(1)Dctcctivcnovelsholdaspecialattractionforme.對(duì)…有吸引力

(2)Thisisthekey/answertotheexercise的答案

(3)Thisistheentrancetothetheatre.…的入口

(4)Doyouhaveproblemwiththeplan?對(duì)…有問題

(5)Thegovernmentisdoingaresearchintopeople'schangingsocialhabits.對(duì)...進(jìn)行研究

(6)HepaidavisittoAmericalastyear.對(duì)…進(jìn)行訪問

(7)Shefeltanacheinherleg.在…地方很疼痛

39.Cake(蛋糕)，一般為不可數(shù)名詞如：apieceofcake

40.Custom(社會(huì))風(fēng)俗，習(xí)俗habit(個(gè)人)習(xí)慣

41.AOnNovember11,2004,YasserArafatdiedin_Parishospital.

A.theB.aC./

InaParishospital在巴黎的一所醫(yī)院里intheParisHospital在巴黎醫(yī)院里專有名詞一般大寫

42.Pain的用法

(1)肉體疼痛，可數(shù)名詞Shehasapaininherleg.

(2)精神痛苦，不可數(shù)名詞HersoiVsdeathbringhergreatpain.

(3)操勞，勞累,必須用復(fù)數(shù)Nopains,nogains.

43.Packagc大的包裹packet包裝物品的小袋，小盒pack背的包裹parcel郵寄的包裹

44前面加the表示一類人：

Thepublic公眾thepolice警方，警署theworld世人thepeop加人民theclass全班司學(xué)thecountry

全體國民thecrowd一群人(以上詞為具有復(fù)數(shù)意義的詞)

▲Theclassarebusypreparing___lessonsforatest.AhisBherCtheirDits

45.表示“人類”的詞

(1)Mancanconquerthenature.

(2)Inthestoryhumanbeingswerereplacedbyrobots.

(3)Weallbelongtothehumanrace.

46很多抽象名詞泛指時(shí)不可數(shù)，表示種類時(shí)是可數(shù)名詞

iseaseisusuallycausedbygerms.

Mostdiseasescouldbewipedout.

nodifficultyinsolving(heproblem.

Carelotsofdifficultiesthathavetobeovercome.

trouble(houghfeeling等的用法相同

47.hair(l)頭發(fā)總稱，不可數(shù)(2)一根根的頭發(fā)，可數(shù)名詞

▲Mymother's___isgettinggrey,butmyfatherhasonlyafewgrey.

A.hairs,hairB.hair,hairC.hair,hairsD.hair,hairs

48.Sport

(1)表示運(yùn)動(dòng)種類時(shí)，可數(shù)名詞Tennisisapopular叩ort.

(2)運(yùn)動(dòng)的總稱，不可數(shù)Helikestotakepartinsport.

(3)運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)，必須用Sports

(4)做定語時(shí)，必須用Sports

▲We'llhavePEthisafternoonbutIforgettobringmy_

A.sportsclothesB.sportclothes

49.ATheeditortoldthenewsmantowrite__report.

A.atwo-thousand-woidB.atwo-thousand-words

C.two-thousand-wordD.atvo-thousand-word

由連接號(hào)構(gòu)成的詞的特點(diǎn)：

(1)相當(dāng)于形容詞，因此前面一般有限定詞。

(2)不能為復(fù)數(shù)

（3）做前置定語

50.▲willmakeatriptoChinaduringtheSummerholidays.

A.theEvensB.EvensC.theEven

姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)名詞前面加the,表示一家人或夫婦兩人

51.nre表示爐火，篝火，火災(zāi)時(shí)前面常加不定冠詞。其他意思為不可數(shù)。

52.集合名詞相當(dāng)于復(fù)數(shù)名詞（不能變復(fù)數(shù)，做主語謂語用復(fù)數(shù)）常見的集合名詞有：Cattlepeopleclothes

family（一家人）

Thefieldswerefullofcattle.

Myfamilyareallearlyrisers.

53.ATheYangtzeRiver_homeofarangeoffishandanimals.

A.aB.theC./

behometo=bethehomeof…的家，…的棲息地

54.Acrowd做主語用第三人稱單數(shù)

55.traffic的用法：不可數(shù)名詞

(1)交通工具，車輛Thishighwayhasalotoftrafficatnoon.

(2)交通Theyignorethetrafficregulation.

代詞

Lit的用法

⑴代指上文中提到的物,

(2)It的模糊用法，即根據(jù)上下文無法明確其所指。

▲IfIcanhelp_,Idon'tlikeworkinglateintothenight.

A.soB.thatC.itD.them

▲Doyoulikehere?

一oh,yes.Thecar,theweather,thewayoflife.Everyissonice.

A.thisB.itC.thatD.these

AThereisnohelpforit.無能為力

⑶it做形式主語或賓語，真正的主語或賓語是動(dòng)詞不定式(或forsbtodosth)或that從句

▲Shemade_herdutytolookafteralltheotherpeople'saffairsinthattown.

A.thisB.(hatC.oneD.it

ATheChinesegovernmentpromisestoseetowillbeputinordersoon.

A.itallB.thatallC.itthatallD.all

▲Whatthepaperreporteddoesn'tagreewith___hehasneverbeenabroadforstudy.A.whatB.itthat

(4)it做形式賓語，真正的賓語是后面的狀語從句

▲I'dappreciate___ifyouwouldliketoteachmehowtoseethecomputer.

A.thatB.itC.thisD.you

AIlike___whenpeopleareopenanddirect.A.thatB.thisC.itD.them

(5)可以代指前面所說的事情。(此種用法相當(dāng)于that)

AThedoctoradvisedVersonstrangelythatshecouldtakeaholiday,but_didn'thelp.

A.itB.sheC.whichD.he

(6)心目中所指的人

▲一Whoisknowingatthedoor?

一___isthepoliceman.A.heB.thatC.itD.she

2.▲--Whichdriverwastoblame?

一why,___!Itwasthechild'sfault.

A.bothB.eachC.eitherD.neither

either兩者之中的任何一個(gè)

neither兩者之中的任何一個(gè)都不

3.▲…IsawJennyreadintheReader'sclubyesterday.

…oh,shedocs___everyweekend.

A.itB.soC.somethingD.that

A—Lookatthegirlonthestage,sheisalreadyforty.

Areyoukidding?Shedoesn'tlook.

A.soB.thatC.itD.this

▲Thavetogo“shesaid,and___shehungupthephone.

A.withitB.withoutitC.with(hatD.withoutthat

thatitso的區(qū)別：

上文提到的事情一般用that(偶爾用it)來代替，上文提到的物一般用it來代替，so只限于做特定的動(dòng)詞的賓

語c(像thinkso,believeso,supposeso等)

4.that表示上文提到的事情this指代下文提到的事情

▲一Hewasnearlydrownedone.

…whenwas___?

…Itwasin1998whenhewasinmiddleschool

A.thatB.this

5.One的用法

(1)代替上文提到的同一類事物

(2)不能說aone,但可以a+adj+one如：animportantone

⑶只能代替可數(shù)名詞

6.oneonesthatthose的區(qū)別

(Done代替可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)(相當(dāng)于a/an+可數(shù)名詞)

(2)ones代替可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)

(3)that代替可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞且后面有定語(相當(dāng)于the+名詞單數(shù))

(4)those代替可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)且后面有定語(相當(dāng)于the+名詞復(fù)數(shù))

注：①若有定語也不一定要用that或those有時(shí)根據(jù)前面的相對(duì)應(yīng)的名詞是否特指或者根據(jù)漢語意思。

②做此類題目時(shí)可先考慮用什么樣的名詞，再考慮其代詞形式

ACarddocauseussomeseriousproblems,infact,farmoreserious___thanmobilephonesdo.

A.oneB.onesC.itD.those

▲Fewpleasurescanequal___ofacooldrinkonahotday.

A.someB.anyC.thatD.those

▲Iwouldratherbuyahouseinthesuburbsthan___inthecity.

A.itB.oneC.thisD.that

AThepopulationofChinaislargerthan___ofAmerica.

A.theseB.thatC.thisD.those

▲ThecrueltyoftheGermanstowardstheJewsand___oftheJapanesetowardstheirprisoners,filledeveryonewith

honor.

A.thoseB.thatC.itD.this

▲…whydon'twetakealittlebreak?

--didn'twejusthave.A.itB.thatC.oneD.this

▲IpreferaflatinInvernessto___inPerth,becauseIwanttolivenearmymom's.

A.oneB.thatC.itD.this

▲Don'tstartabookunlessyoucanseefromthefirstfewpagesthatitis___youcaneasilyreadandunderstand.

A.thatB.oneC.theoneD.aone.

7.AOfall(hebooksonthedesk,__isofanyuseforourstudy.

A.nothingB.nooneC.neitherD.none

AOurgreatestconcernismakingsure___ofthesechangescausesusharm.

A.anyB.someC.neitherD.none

▲一HowmanyofyouhavebeentoParis?

一___atall,butweallhopeto.

A.notB.noC.nobodyD.none

AThefirsthomehasagaragewhilethesecondhas___.

A.nooneB.nothingC.none

none用法：①一個(gè)也沒有（指代可數(shù)名詞）;一點(diǎn)也沒有（指代不可數(shù)）

②既可以單獨(dú)用，也可以后面加Of。

noone用法：①?zèng)]有人后面不能加of

②回答howmany的提問用none,回答who的提問常用noone或nobody

8.anolher用法

①后面加單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞

②后面加復(fù)數(shù)名詞（復(fù)數(shù)名詞看作一個(gè)整體）

③三者或三者以上的范圍內(nèi)，提到了一個(gè)后，若再提另一個(gè)用another

▲Wehadapicniclastterm,anditwasalotoffun,solet'shave__onethismonth.

A.theotherB.someC.anotherD.other

▲Ifyouwanttochangeadoubleroom,you'llhavetopay_15dollars.

A.anotherB.otherC.moreD.each

ANeitherofthemknewwhatwasdoing.

A.otherB.othersC.theotherD.another

9.▲Iseeaknifeinyourlefthand.Butwhat'sinyourhand.

A.otherB.anotherC.theotherD.others

another(heotherother(heothersothers區(qū)別

①帶the的詞表特指，前面常有范圍

②帶s的詞只能單獨(dú)用，后面不能加名詞，不帶s的詞既可單獨(dú)用，也可后面加名詞

10.⑴若有具體范圍則用One...theother(s)

Ihavetwobooks.OneisChinese,theotherisJapanese.

(2)若無具體范圍則用One...another或one...other(s)

Idon'tlikethisone,canyoushowmeanother.

Idon'tlikethisone,canyoushowmeotherhooks?

注：此種情況只能用One,不能用a

AWrestlingisasportinwhich___playertriestoget___downonthefloor.

A.a,anotherB.one,anotherC.a,theotherD.one,theother

▲Wehaven'tenoughbooksfbr__:someofyouwillhavetoshare.

A.somebodyB.anybodyC.everybodyD.nobody

11.anybody的用法

（1）“有些人"，用于否定句，疑問句，條件句（和somebody的區(qū)別是，somebody經(jīng)常應(yīng)用于肯定句）

⑵“任何一個(gè)人"（和everybody的區(qū)別是，everybody所有的人）

Anything;anyone;anywhere跟something;someone;somewhere的區(qū)別同h

▲Heisneverinterestedinwhatisdoing.

A.nooneelseB.anyoneelseC.someoneelseD.nobodyelse

▲Youcanbuythesemapsat___railwaystation.Theyallhavethem.

AthatB.anyC.everyD.each

▲…Doyouhave___athomenow,mum?

…No,wcstillhavetogetscoresofeggsandsomevegetables.

A.nothingB.everythingC.anythingD.something.

A—whatwouldyouliketoeat?

一Idon'lmind.一whateveryou'vegot.

A.somethingB.anythingC.nothingD.everything

▲--Is___here?

-No,BobandTimhaveaskedforleave.

A.anybodyB.everybodyC.somebodyD.nobody

▲Iagreewithmostofwhatyousaid,butIdon'tagreewith___.

A.everythingB.sayingC.somethingD.nothing

Isanybodyhere?家里有人嗎？

Youshouldn'tspitanywhere.不能隨地吐痰

ATeenagersarcwarnedtohecarefulwhenmakingfriendsonline,becausewhenyoucan'tseeaperson,theycould

be___.

A.everybodyB.somebodyC.anybodyD.nobody

12.every;no;any跟body;thing;one等構(gòu)成合成詞時(shí)的特點(diǎn):

(1)合著寫時(shí)不能跟of連用，但none除外，分著寫時(shí)可以加of,但noone除外

(2)做主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞一般用第三人稱單數(shù)

⑶修飾不定代詞的詞應(yīng)該放在不定代詞后面

▲of(heworkersinthefactoryknewhim,sowehadnotroublefindhim.

A.everybodyB.everybodyC.everyoneD.everyone

A.WhatIwoulddoittogo___.

A.reallyquietsomewhereB.somewherequietreallyC.somewherereallyquiet

13.Ainourclass___givenanEnglishnamebytheteacher.

A.weeachhasB.eachofushasC.eachwehaveD.weeachwere

①Weeachknowtheanswer.主語是we,each是同位語，所以謂語為復(fù)數(shù)

②Eachofusknowstheanswer.主語是each,所以謂語為第三人稱單數(shù)

14.each充當(dāng)名詞和形容詞（兩者或兩者以上）

every只能充當(dāng)形容詞（三者或三者以上）

ATherearemanytreeson___sideof（hestreet.

A.allB.bothC.everyD.each

15.someany

⑴區(qū)別：some應(yīng)用于肯定句,any應(yīng)用于否定句，疑問句和條件句.但若希望對(duì)方得到肯定的回答也應(yīng)用

some.

⑵共同點(diǎn)：充當(dāng)形容詞時(shí)，可以修飾可數(shù)和不可數(shù)，充當(dāng)代詞時(shí)，可以代替可數(shù)和不可數(shù)

▲…wouldyoulike___,sir?

-No,thanks,Ihavehadmuch.

A.sonicmoreorangeB.anymoreorange

▲Yourtealooksnice

一It'sLongjingfromHangzhou.Wouldyoulike__?

A.anyB.littleC.itD.some

16.every的特殊用法記?。?/p>

everythreedays每三天everythirdday每三天

everyotherday每隔一天eve/fewdays每隔幾天

17?人的所有格常用&物的所有格經(jīng)常用。f,但時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)的所有格經(jīng)常用工如：today'snewsp叩er

▲Itisaboutfromourschooltothestation.

A.twohoursofwalkB.twohours'walk

C.twohour'swalkD.twohourswalk

18.all的用法注意事項(xiàng)

（D可以代替或修飾不可數(shù)名詞和可數(shù)名詞

⑵若指代不明確，做主語時(shí)應(yīng)為第三人稱單數(shù)

Allisready.

Allthatshouldbedonehasbeendone.

⑶做同位語時(shí)的位置：謂語動(dòng)詞的前面，系動(dòng)詞be的后面

Wealllikehim.

Weareallstudents

（4）跟名詞和代詞連用時(shí)，常見的搭配

allstudents=allofthestudents=allthestudents

allofus（做主語或賓語）usall（做賓語）

▲AHMrWhitedoes___goodtohisstudents

A.doB.doesC.didD.done

▲Alllifeonourplanet___uponthesun.A.dependB.depends

AAllpossiblemeans___tosavethewoundedsoldier.

A.hasbeentriedB.havebeentriedC.istobetr沁dD.arctrying

▲Whichcoatwouldyouprefer,sir?

—111take___,tohaveachangesometimes.

A.allthemB.themallC.boththemD.themboth

19.人稱代詞單獨(dú)用（一般是省略了謂語）應(yīng)該用賓格

▲--Susan,goandjoinyoursistercleaning（heyard.

-Why___?Johnissittingtheredoingnothing.

A.himB.heC.ID.me

▲一Well,Tim,IsuggestyougoandmakeanapologytoJack.

一what?___toapologizehim?

A.1B.meC.we

20.限定詞包括：

①特指性詞；the,指示代詞(thisthatthesethese),物主代詞(myyou，retheir),所有格(Tom's)

②不定冠詞aan

注：不能有兩個(gè)限定詞同時(shí)修飾一個(gè)名詞(但經(jīng)常見到兩個(gè)限定詞連用，這是因?yàn)檫@兩個(gè)限定詞分別修飾不同

的名詞)

AThechemicalfactoryisfarawayinthemountains,itisnearly__ridefrom(hecity.

A.asix-hourB.asixhour'sC.sixhour'sD.sixhour

AThediscoverycompletelychanged___man'sunderstandingofcolor.

A.aB.theC./

AAfter___driving,hearrivedsafelyinLondon.A.anhourB.hours'C.anhour's

AApartmentsincitiescanbequitehigh.Rentersarepayingupto$1,000permonthfor___-bedroomapartment.

A.oneaB.theoneC.oneD.aone

21.單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞必須前加限定詞

Thisisbook.(Is)

Thisisabook.(對(duì))

Thisismybook.(對(duì))

▲Isthismuseum___yourvisitedtheotherday?

A.thatB.whereC.inwhichD.theone

▲Heled___beforeliberation.

A.adog'slifeB.adogs,lifeC.alifeofdogD.dog'slife

22.反身代詞用法注意事項(xiàng)

(1)做賓語(主語和賓語指同一個(gè)人時(shí)，用反身代詞做賓語)

Hecan'texpresshimselfinEnglish.

(2)做表語Iamnotquitemyselfthesedays.

(3)做同位語You'dbetteraskthepresidenthimselfaboutit.

23.代詞做的成分

(1)做主，賓語Isawhiminthestreet.

(2)做表語IfIwereher,Iwouldtaketheadvice.

介詞

1.表示“除了”的詞可分為兩類

①除了…之外還/也…(即包含性排除)besides

②除了(即不包含性排除)except;but;inadditionto

注：apartfrom既可表示“除了”也可表示“除了…之外還/也…”因此用法簡單

2.▲Theyneedmorepeople_ourteamtodothejob.

A.butB.exceptC.exceptforD.besides

AWehadlotsofthingsincommonmusic.

▲Iknowingnothingabouttheyounglady___sheisfromBeijing.

A.exceptB.exceptforC.exceptthatD.besides

AThereisnooneintheroom___me.

A.exceptB.besidesC.AandB

AYourcompositioniswellwritten___somespellingmistakes.

A.besidesB.exceptC.besideD.exceptfbr

except和besides的區(qū)別

①意思不同except除了；besides除了…之外還/也…（具體做法是：若選項(xiàng)中既有excepl又有besides,先填上

besides來看是否意思符合邏輯，若不符合則添except）

②用法不同

Besides介詞，后面只能跟名詞

Except的用法是：except+n.；except+從句；exceptfor（強(qiáng)調(diào)細(xì)節(jié)）

③在否定句中besides和except可以換用

3.▲—Theyallagree___George.Hastheprojectbeenpassed?

…Who___Georgecanmakethefinaldecision?

A.except,exceptB.except,besidesC.but,butD.besides,but

▲Hehadnothingtodobut_toseeafilm

A.goB.togoC.wentD.tobegoing

bu［表示“除了”時(shí)的用法

①經(jīng)常跟不定代詞和疑問代詞連用

②后面跟動(dòng)詞時(shí)，若前面有d。則省去to,若前面無d。則帶t。。

Theyhavenochoicebuttosleep.

4.▲Thewinterof1990wasextremelycold.___mostpeoplesayitwastheworstwinteroftheirlives.

A.atlastB.infactC.inawordD.asaresult

infact的特殊用法：進(jìn)一步解釋說明

5.0f+n相當(dāng)于adj,在句中做表語或定語

Themeetingisofimportance

Theyheldameetingofimportance.

6.AThediscoveryofnewevidenceledto___.

A.【hethiefhavingcaughtB.catch(hethief

C.IhethiefbeingcaughtD.(hethieftobecaught

▲NoonehadtoldSmithaboutalecture(hefollowingday

A.therebeingB.therebeC.therewouldbeD.therewas

介詞后面若有句子，應(yīng)將謂語動(dòng)詞改為ing形式。

7.介詞后面不能有that引導(dǎo)的從句，但可以有Whichwhat...whenwhy等疑問詞引導(dǎo)的從句

Ihavenoideaofwhenhewillleave.

8.▲Thesunlightcamein_thewindows.A.throughB.across

across從表面穿過；through從內(nèi)部穿過

9.▲TheyweresenttoAustralia_aprisonship.A.onB.byC.in

byinon表示"特，乘坐”意思時(shí)的區(qū)別

①by+交通工具，中間不能加任何限定詞。

②in/on+交通工具，中間必須加限定詞。

用On時(shí)表示在…的上面Theycamehereonmybike.

用in時(shí)表示在…的里面Theycamehereintheircar.

10.AMotherwasworriedbecauselittleAlicewasillespeciallyfatherwasawayinFrance.

A.asB.soC.duringD.but

during只能充當(dāng)介詞

11.atwith表示“原因”時(shí)的區(qū)別

at常表示情感的原因Iamgladalthenew

with常表示因?yàn)槟撤N情感IIejumpedwithjoy.

12.▲Applesareusuallysoldby__weightandeggsaresometimessoldby_dozen.

A.【he,theB./,aC./,theD.the,a

by”按…”表示總稱時(shí)不加冠詞，表示具體的名詞時(shí)應(yīng)加the

如｛bytime按時(shí)間，但bythehour按小時(shí)bytheday按天

byweight按重量，但bythepound按鎊bythekilogram按公斤

13.AIpulledtheattack__thewoman.

A.offB.awayC.awayfrom

Off；away表示“離開”的區(qū)別

Off既可充當(dāng)副詞又可充當(dāng)介詞，因此可以加賓語也可以不加賓語

away只能充當(dāng)副詞因此不能加賓語，加賓語的話需加from,因此off=awayfrom

14.allover和throughout的區(qū)別

allover+地點(diǎn)allovertheworld

throughout+時(shí)間/地點(diǎn)throughoutthewinter

throughouttheworld

15.▲—Whenwillyourfatherbeback?

一___twelveo'clock

A.InB.sinceC.untilD.after

in+時(shí)間段，謂語用將來式Hewillcomeintwohours.

after+時(shí)間點(diǎn)，謂語用將來式

after+時(shí)間段，謂語用一般過去式

Thepartybrokeupaftertwohours.

16.介詞所做的成分

①定語ThemaninblackisMrZhang.

②表語Hewasagainstslavery.

③賓補(bǔ)Ifoundeverythingingoodcondition.

④狀語Wejumpedwithjoy.

17.介詞后面跟動(dòng)名詞時(shí)，動(dòng)名詞的主語應(yīng)該跟句子的主語保持一致。

▲whattheschoolmastersaid,thegirl,sfaceturnedred.

A.aftersheheardB.afterhearingC.tohearD.tobeheard

他到了以后，我感到很高興

Afterbeinghere,Iamglad.(X)

Afterhisbeinghere,Iamglad.(V)

18.AWearealwayswarnednottoact___whatwillhappenafterwards.

A.regardlessofB.inspiteof

regardlessof不管

inspiteof盡管=despite

19.AAnoilpaintinglooksbetter__.A.inthedistanceB.atadistance

inthedistance在遠(yuǎn)方

atadistance隔開一段距離，距離稍遠(yuǎn)些

20.AAftertheterribleearthquake,nothingwasleft__thevillagebutmemoriesinthepast.

A.atB.ofC.forD.from

▲Thehomeimprovementtookwhatlittlethereis___mysparetime.（選項(xiàng)同上）

of修飾不定代詞時(shí)，of跟不定代詞之間經(jīng)常有其他成分

21.▲…Tellmewhereyouliveplease

一Ilive____.

A.in123,KingStreetB.at123,KingStreet

門牌號(hào)前面應(yīng)加介詞at

22.AWeofferhimourcongratulations__hispassingthecollegeentranceexams.

A.atB.onC.forD.of

動(dòng)詞經(jīng)常跟的介詞和變?yōu)槊~時(shí)后面所跟的介詞相同。

23.注意以下句中的介詞

?Youshouldn'tstudyinthesun.

你不應(yīng)該在太陽底下讀書。

②Hereisaletterforyou.

這有你的一封信。

③IwanttwoseatsforMadameCurieforFridaynight.

24.▲Wc'rcallgoingtothegameswhydon'tyoucome__?

A.upB.acrossC.alongD.to

介詞后面若省略賓語，則應(yīng)同時(shí)省略介詞（此句后面省略了withme）

25speed前面加介詞時(shí)的特點(diǎn)

①withspeed全速withallspeed全速

②其他情況用at如:ataspeedof以…的速度；atafullspeed全速；atahighspeed高速

26.0f表示動(dòng)賓關(guān)系

①nlofn2表