單元考點鞏固卷Unit4

NaturalDisasters（總分50分；時間30分鐘）一、根據(jù)漢語提示拼寫單詞（每題1分，共10分）1.Theelectricity（供應(yīng)）hadbeencutoff.2.Grace（輕敲）onthebedroomdoorandwentin.3.Thesoldiersaretrainedtojumpfromtheplaneswithfull（成套裝備）on.4.Thelocalswereencouragedto_______（使陷入圈套）andkillmicetostopthespreadofthevirus.5.Yourlettergot__________（掩埋）underapileofpapers.6.Theairwassocoldthatwecouldhardly_________（呼吸）.7.ManyexcellentChinesearchitectsaremakinggreat__________（努力）totakethecenterstage.8.Localpeoplearequestioningthe__________（智慧）ofspendingsomuchmoneyonanewroad.9.Itisusuallyeasiertopickoutthemeaningofaphraseinagiven_________（上下文）.10.Someemployerswere__________（遭受）fromadesperateshortageofschool-leavers.二、單句語法填空（每題1分，共10分）1.Climatechangecouldhave__________（disaster）effectsontheEarth.2.Theplacewasrecentlyvisitedbyaserious__________（volcano）eruption.3.Thesailorswererescued__________theseabyahelicopter.4.Achild’sbehaviorcan__________（affect）byhishomeenvironment.5.Sheisabletoslide__________aroomwithoutanyonenoticing.6.Waterpollutiondidgreatdamage__________thecrops.7.Thesquarelooksmorebeautifulallthelightson.8.Rescueworkersarerescuingthe(injure)intheearthquake.9.Theonly__________（survive）ofthecarcrashwasrushedtohospital.10.Withthegovernment’said,those(affect)bytheearthquakehavemovedtothenewsettlements.三、短語填空（每題1分，共10分）sweepaway,crashinto,thenumberof,beaffectedby,beexpectedto,base...on,keepcalm,carryout,outofgratitude,outofnowhere1.__________________peoplegoingtothecinemaseemstodecreasesteadily.2.MyFairLadyisasuccessfulfilmwhich____________GeorgeBernardShaw’sclassicPygmalion.3.ThefirstThanksgivingwascelebrated____________________forsurvival.4.Thoughsurprisedtomeethermanagerattheparty,she____________________.5.Atthelastmoment,ashortmanappeared____________________towintherace.6.Theplanegotoutofcontroland____________________thesea.7.Heaskedustoassisthimto____________________hisplan.8.Thevillage____________________whenthedamburst.9.Orderedoveraweekago,thebooks____________________arriveanytimenow.10.We____________________hisdevotiontowork.四、語篇語法填空（每題1分，共10分）Asanoldsayinggoes,“Friendsarelikewine;theolder,thebetter.”Becauseofthat,nowadaysmanypeoplethinkoldfriendstobe1(important)thannewones.Forexample,iftwopiecesofadvice2(give)tosolveaproblem,onefromanewfriendandtheotherfromanoldfriend,peoplealwaystendtochoosethelatterone,althoughthenewfriend’sadvicemaybebetter.I,however,3(agree)withtheoldsaying,believingthatnewfriendsarenot4(necessary)worsethanoldfriends.Why?Becausethe5(long)oftimecannottellwhetheryourfriendshipisbetterornot.Onceyoucallsomeoneyourfriend,hemustbeaperson6isreliableandwhoseinterestsareincommonwith7(you).Maybeafriend’soutsidelook8(change)allthetime,buttheinsidecharactersofhimandhisinterestswon’tchangeatall.Itisjusttheseunchangeablecharactersandinterests9makehimafriendofyou.10,onthispoint,thereisnodifferencebetweenoldfriendsandnewones.1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.五、完成句子（每題2分，共10分）1.他說只要他們不違反規(guī)則，他仍然會支持他們。Hesaidhewouldstillsupportthem,theydidn’tbreaktherules.2.從前的夏天，我們經(jīng)常泛舟湖上。Weonthelakeinsummer.3.爺爺坐在沙發(fā)上，高興地給孩子們講著故事。Grandfathersatinthesofa,happily.4.這是我曾看過的第一部美國電影。ThisisthefirstAmericanfilm.5.你認識我們在學校里遇見的那個老師嗎?（定語從句）___________________________________________________________單元素養(yǎng)檢測卷Unit4

NaturalDisasters（總分100分；時間90分鐘）一、閱讀理解（2023年新高考I卷）AWhenJohnToddwasachild,helovedtoexplorethewoodsaroundhishouse,observinghownaturesolvedproblems.Aditrystream,forexample,oftenbecameclearafterflowingthroughplantsandalongrockswheretinycreatureslived.Whenhegotolder,Johnstartedtowonderifthisprocesscouldbeusedtocleanupthemessespeopleweremaking.Afterstudyingagriculture,medicine,andfisheriesincollege,Johnwentbacktoobservingnatureandaskingquestions.Whycancertainplantstrapharmfulbacteria(細菌)?Whichkindsoffishcaneatcancer-causingchemicals?Withtherightcombinationofanimalsandplants,hefigured,maybehecouldcleanupwastethewaynaturedid.Hedecidedtobuildwhathewouldlatercallaneco-machine.ThetaskJohnsetforhimselfwastoremoveharmfulsubstancesfromsomesludge(污泥).First,heconstructedaseriesofclearfiberglasstanksconnectedtoeachother.Thenhewentaroundtolocalpondsandstreamsandbroughtbacksomeplantsandanimals.Heplacedtheminthetanksandwaited.Littlebylittle,thesedifferentkindsoflifegotusedtooneanotherandformedtheirownecosystem.Afterafewweeks,Johnaddedthesludge.Hewasamazedattheresults.Theplantsandanimalsintheeco-machinetookthesludgeasfoodandbegantoeatit!Withinweeks,ithadallbeendigested,andallthatwasleftwaspurewater.Overtheyears,Johnhastakenonmanybigjobs.Hedevelopedagreenhouse-likefacilitythattreatedsewage(污水)from1,600homesinSouthBurlington.Healsodesignedaneco-machinetocleancanalwaterinFuzhou,acityinsoutheastChina.“Ecologicaldesign”isthenameJohngivestowhathedoes.“LifeonEarthiskindofaboxofsparepartsfortheinventor,”hesays.“Youputorganismsinnewrelationshipsandobservewhat’shappening.Thenyouletthesenewsystemsdeveloptheirownwaystoself-repair.”4.WhatcanwelearnaboutJohnfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Hewasfondoftraveling. B.Heenjoyedbeingalone.C.Hehadaninquiringmind. D.Helongedtobeadoctor.5.WhydidJohnputthesludgeintothetanks?A.Tofeedtheanimals. B.Tobuildanecosystem.C.Toprotecttheplants. D.Totesttheeco-machine.6.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinmentioningFuzhou?A.ToreviewJohn’sresearchplans. B.ToshowanapplicationofJohn’sidea.C.TocompareJohn’sdifferentjobs. D.ToerasedoubtsaboutJohn’sinvention.7.WhatisthebasisforJohn’swork?A.Naturecanrepairitself. B.Organismsneedwatertosurvive.C.LifeonEarthisdiverse. D.Mosttinycreaturesliveingroups.B【江蘇省新高考基地學校2022-2023學年高三下學期大聯(lián)考3月月考英語試題】Afterdecadesofargument,psychologistshaveapparentlyagreedthatarrangingone’sfeaturesintotheshapeofasmilehelpsbrightenthemood.Inotherwords,ifyouwanttofeelalittlehappier,trylookingalittlehappierfirst.Theideahasarockyhistory,though.Tosettlethematteronceandforall,NicholasColes,aresearchscientistatStanfordUniversity,organisedtheManySmilesCollaborationtoconductanexperimentthatadvocates,criticsandthoseonthefencecouldallagree.Thepsychologistsrecruited(招募)nearly4,000peoplefrom19countriesanddividedthemintothreegroups.Thefirstadoptedthepen-in-mouthmethodtoactivatefacialmusclesforsmiling.Thesecondimitatedthefacialexpressionsofsmilingactors.Thethirdwastoldtomovethecornersoftheirlipstowardstheirearsandraisetheircheeks,usingonlythemusclesintheirface.Thevolunteersthenratedtheirhappinessastheypulledthefaces,woreneutralexpressions,andlookedatablankscreensorimagesofpuppies,kittens,flowersandfireworks.AccordingtoareportinNatureHumanBehaviour,thepen-in-mouthmethoddidlittleforemotions—perhapsbecausepeoplehadtobitetheirteethtogether.Buttheothertwoapproachesboostedhappiness,thoughtheeffectwassmall.“Somepeoplebelievethatemotionalexperienceisverycognitive—that’sit’sdrivenbyourevaluationsofwhat’sgoingonintheworld.Thiswork,however,suggeststhatit’salsophysiological,”saidColes.“Emotionalexperienceappearstobebuilt,inpart,offoffeedbackorsensationsfromthenervoussystem.Theacceleratedheartcanmakepeoplefeelanxiousandthestretchofasmilecanmakethemfeelhappy,”headded.DrMagdalenaRychlowska,whoworksonfacialexpressions,emotionsandcultureatQueen’sUniversity,Belfast,saidsuchstudieswere“tremendouslybeneficial”forpsychology.“Asaresearcherworkingonhowfacialmovementsinfluenceourfeelings,Iamdelightedtoseethatanindependentstudyfoundsupportforthefacialfeedbackassumption,”shesaid.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinparagraph2mean?A.Peoplearedividedontheidea. B.Peoplerefusetoaccepttheidea.C.Theideagainspopularityquickly. D.Theideahasstoodthetestoftime.9.Onwhatbasisdidthepsychologistsgettheirfinding?A.Howthevolunteersfelt. B.Howthevolunteersacted.C.Howthevolunteerslooked. D.Howthevolunteersthought.10.WhydoesColesmaketheseremarksinparagraph5?A.Topraisehisresearchwork. B.Tostatehisresearchfinding.C.Toputforwardanewproject. D.Tocriticizethemistakenbelief.11.WhatdoesRychlowskatalkaboutconcerningtheresearchfinding?A.Itsindependence. B.Itspracticalapplication.C.Itssignificance. D.Itsappealtothepublic.二、七選五【廣東省華附、省實、廣雅、深中四校2022-2023學年高三大聯(lián)考英語試題】Peoplerefertoneverforgettinghowtorideabikeorthrowabaseballasexamplesof“musclememory”,theresultofamotorlearning.____16____Itisaphenomenonthatpreviouslytrainedmusclesacquirestrengthafteraperiodofdisuse.Previousresearchhasshownthatthechangesactuallypersistinthemusclesthemselves.Inonestudyofmice,theresultssuggestthatafternucleiinmusclecellsmultiplyinresponsetoanoverloadoftraining,thoseextranucleiaren’tlostduringsubsequentperiodsofinactivity.Onceyouhavegotadditionalnuclei,youarebankingthecapacity.____17____Infact,arecentstudyrevealedthatlessthaneightweeksofretrainingwereneededtoreachthepost-traininglevel.Buthowquicklyyouregainyourformerfitnessdependsonhowfityouwereinitially,howlongthelayoffwas,howoldyouareandhowlongyou’dbeenexercising.____18____Itmeansyoustillhaveadistinctadvantagewhenitcomestoregainingyourformerleveloffitness.Andtheprincipleappliestobothresistancetrainingandendurancetraining.Thebestwaytoregainyourmusclememoryistostartatalevelbelowwhatyouwereaccustomedtodoing,andthengraduallyincreaseintermsofduration,frequency,thenintensity.____19____Ultimately,musclememoryisapayoffforallthepastworkyouputintolearningasport.____20____Youwillneverknowhowmuchmusclememoryyoumayhaveuntilyoustarttrainingagain.A.Thebestwaytotapintoitisto“getbackonthehorse”.B.Physiologists,ontheotherhand,defineitinadifferentway.C.Thisconvincestheresearchersthatmusclememorymaynotbelonglasting.D.Thatistosay,wecandothesportsautomaticallywithoutconsciousthought.E.Itisgenerallysafetoincreasetheseelementsby5percenteveryweekortwo.F.Itisevidentthatthemoreyouexercise,themoremusclememorysavingsyouwillhave.G.Allthisnewsaboutmusclememoryisencouragingforthosewhofelloffthefitnessscheme.三、完形填空【2023年4月湘豫名校聯(lián)考高三下學期第二次模擬考試試題】OnChristmasof2017,Iwasbornagain.WeliketospendourChristmasholidayssomewherewarmabroad,andthatyearwe____21____Uganda.Nature,wildlife,andsunnydayswerea____22____whenitwasso____23____anddarkinEurope.Lifewasbeautiful,andwehadarentalcarandabusyscheduleaheadtoexplorethecountry.Thisiswherethisshorttravelstoryturnsintooneofmymost____24____travelexperiences.AtMurchinsonFallsNationalPark,wehadacaraccident.Ilost____25____ofthecar,anditrolledover,destroyingwindows,chassis(底盤),andtheengine.Butwewerealive!Myrightarmwas____26____injured,butwe____27____towalktoourlodge(旅館),notfarinsidethe____28____.Inthelodge,Iwas____29____tolearnthattherewasaprettydecentAmericanhospitalinMasindithatwasjustaone-hourdriveaway.Moreover,oneofthelodge’sguestswasanursewho_____30_____thewoundwhilewewerewaitingforthetaxi.Thehospitaltookcareofusandafteracoupleofinjectionsandstitches(縫合),Iwas_____31_____toheadtoournewhotelinMasindi;however,mywoundrequireddaily_____32_____andmoreinjections,sowewere_____33_____tostayintownforafewdays.Thetown’shighlightswerethemarketandour_____34_____visittothehospital,sowe_____35_____lookingforthesmallthings,_____36_____withthemedicalstaffandthepeopleinthemarket,andlearningmoreabouttheircustoms.Welearnedtoslowdown.Whenwewereallowedto_____37_____,wetookaroadtripthroughthecountrytoseesomethingelse.Wedidnotcareaboutourtravelbucket_____38_____anymore-wewere_____39_____,andwewantedtoenjoyUganda’suniquenatureanditspeople.Intheend,ourUgandatripwasnotabouttheplacesthatwesaw,butthepeoplethatwemet.Itwastravelfor_____40_____VSsightseeing.21.A.recommended B.chose C.predicted D.informed22.A.blessing B.barrier C.limitation D.balance23.A.complicated B.mysterious C.crowded D.cold24.A.doubtful B.wonderful C.scary D.imaginary25.A.sense B.sight C.control D.direction26.A.severely B.permanently C.partly D.deliberately27.A.discovered B.failed C.continued D.managed28.A.spot B.accident C.country D.park29.A.curious B.happy C.shocked D.creative30.A.cleaned B.cured C.swept D.repaired31.A.fortunate B.grateful C.ready D.relieved32.A.operation B.dressing C.pressure D.recovery33.A.asked B.forbidden C.permitted D.taught34.A.occasional B.daily C.risky D.awful35.A.putoff B.carriedon C.insistedon D.endedup36.A.chatting B.arguing C.bargaining D.meeting37.A.exercise B.wander C.leave D.escape38.A.guide B.list C.approach D.memory39.A.awake B.sensitive C.allergic D.alive40.A.experiment B.explanation C.experience D.reflection四、語法填空（2023年新高考I卷）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Xiaolongbao(soupdumplings),thoseamazingconstructionsofdelicatedumplingwrappers,encasinghot,____36____(taste)soupandsweet,freshmeat,arefarandawaymyfavoriteChinesestreetfood.Thedumplingsarrivesteaminganddangerouslyhot.Toeatone,youhavetodecidewhether____37____(bite)asmallholeinitfirst,releasingthestreamandriskingaspill(溢出),____38____toputthewholedumplinginyourmouth,lettingthehotsoupexplodeonyourtongue.Shanghaimaybethe____39____(recognize)homeofthesoupdumplingsbutfoodhistorianswillactuallypointyoutotheneighboringcanaltownofNanxiangasXiaolonghao’sbirthplace.Thereyouwillfindthemprepareddifferently-moredumplingandlesssoup,andthewrappersarepressed____40____handratherthanrolled.Nanxiangaside,thebestXiaolongbaohaveafineskin,allowingthem____41____(lift)outofthesteamerbasketwithoutallowingthemtearingorspillinganyof____42____(they)contents.Themeatshouldbefreshwith____43____touchofsweetnessandthesouphot,clearanddelicious.NomatterwhereIbuythem,onesteameris____44____(rare)enough,yettwoseemsgreedy,soIamalwaysleft_____45_____(want)morenexttime.五、讀后續(xù)寫【江蘇省新高考基地學校2022-2023學年高三下學期大聯(lián)考3月月考英語試題】閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。IhadalwaysenjoyedlivinginmyflatonthetopfloorofaVictorianbuildinginWimbledon.Beingsohighupmademefeelsafeandsecure,andIenjoyedwonderfulviewsacrossthetreetops.IhadneverexpectedthatIwouldexperienceafireintheflat.OnenightIwenttosleepasusualaftersettingmyalarmclockfor7amandswitchingoffthebedsidelight.Afewhourslater,Iwokeuppuzzled.IcouldsmellsmokeandIcouldseethatthebedroomwasextremelydark.ThenIrealizedtheroomwassodarkbecauseitwasfilledwithsmoke.Iimmediatelyleftmybedandstoodbythedoor.Iwasinpanic.IwasalsoconvincedthatIhadsomehowcausedthefirewithoutknowingit.Ithought,“Whatwillmyneighborsthink?Imustgetridofthesmokebeforeitgetsintotheirflats.”Imanagedtomakemywaytothecurtainsandtriedtodrawthemopen.Thissimpleeverydayactprovedquitebeyondme.WhenIfinallyopenedt