Unit13Wearetryingtosavetheearth!一、單詞解析與拓展1．v．亂扔n.垃圾；廢棄物→(近義詞)n．垃圾2．n．底部；最下部→(反義詞)n．頂部；最上部→在……頂部或頂端3．n．漁民；釣魚的人→(復(fù)數(shù))4．a(chǎn)dj.丑陋的；難看的→(反義詞)adj.漂亮的；好看的5．n．優(yōu)點(diǎn)；有利條件→(反義詞)缺點(diǎn)；劣勢(shì)；不利條件6．v．花費(fèi)；價(jià)錢→付款7．a(chǎn)dj.木制的；木頭的→(名詞)n．木頭8．n．煤；煤塊9．a(chǎn)dj.塑料的n.塑料；塑膠10．n.工業(yè)；行業(yè)11．a(chǎn)dj.有害的→n.傷害，損害12．n．法律；法規(guī)→n．律師13．a(chǎn)dj.科學(xué)上的；科學(xué)的→n.科學(xué)→n．科學(xué)家14．v．承擔(dān)得起(后果)；買得起→.承擔(dān)得起做某事15．a(chǎn)dj.殘酷的；殘忍的16．n．主席；總統(tǒng)；負(fù)責(zé)人17．n．創(chuàng)造力→(形容詞)創(chuàng)造性的→(動(dòng)詞創(chuàng)造答案1．litterv．亂扔n.垃圾；廢棄物→(近義詞)rubbishn．垃圾2．bottomn．底部；最下部→(反義詞)topn．頂部；最上部→atthetopof在……頂部或頂端3．fishermann．漁民；釣魚的人→(復(fù)數(shù))fishermen4．uglyadj.丑陋的；難看的→(反義詞)beautifuladj.漂亮的；好看的5．a(chǎn)dvantagen．優(yōu)點(diǎn)；有利條件→(反義詞)disadvantage缺點(diǎn)；劣勢(shì)；不利條件6．costv．花費(fèi)；價(jià)錢→payfor付款7．woodenadj.木制的；木頭的→(名詞)woodn．木頭8．coaln．煤；煤塊9．plasticadj.塑料的n.塑料；塑膠10．Industryn.工業(yè)；行業(yè)11．harmfuladj.有害的→harmn.傷害，損害12．lawn．法律；法規(guī)→lawyern．律師13．scientificadj.科學(xué)上的；科學(xué)的→sciencen.科學(xué)→scientistn．科學(xué)家14．a(chǎn)ffordv．承擔(dān)得起(后果)；買得起→affordtodosth.承擔(dān)得起做某事15．Crueladj.殘酷的；殘忍的16．presidentn．主席；總統(tǒng)；負(fù)責(zé)人17．creativityn．創(chuàng)造力→(形容詞)creative創(chuàng)造性的→(動(dòng)詞)create創(chuàng)造二、讀出下列短語并說出漢語意思1.noise/water/airpollution2.savetheearth3.thebottomoftheriver4.befullofrubbish5.therewerenomorefishforfishermentocatch.6.throwlitterinto7.putthewasteinto8.writetothegovernment9.closedownthefactories10.playapartindoing11.cleanup12.bebadlypolluted13.burncoal14.inpublicplaces15.turnbeautifulplacesintouglyones16.getworried17.beableto18.cutdownairpollution19.solveproblems20.advantagesofbikeriding21.begoodfor對(duì)...22.woodenchopsticks23.plasticforks24.takeawayfood25.remembertodo26.throwrubbishinthebin27.keeppublicplacescleanandbeautiful28.makeadifferenceto29.leadtoabetterfuture30.hearof重點(diǎn)句子

1.Eventhebottomoftheriverwasfullofrubbish.

即使河底都充滿垃圾。

2.Everyoneintownshouldplayapartincleaningitup.城里的每個(gè)人都應(yīng)當(dāng)盡一份力把它清理干凈。

3.Theairisbadlypollutedbecausetherearetoomanycarsontheroadthesedays.

空氣被嚴(yán)重污染因?yàn)槿缃衤飞系钠囂嗔恕?/p>

4.Tocutdownairpollution,weshouldtakethebusorsubwayinsteadofdriving.

為了減少空氣污染，我們應(yīng)當(dāng)乘坐公汽或地鐵而不是開車。

5.Iusedtobeabletoseestarsinthesky.

我過去能在天空中看到星星。

6.Theairhasbecomereallypollutedaroundhere.I’mgettingveryworried.這兒的空氣真的已經(jīng)被污染了，我非常擔(dān)心。

7.Noscientificstudieshaveshownthatsharkfinsaregoodforhealth.沒有科學(xué)研究說明魚鰭對(duì)人們的健康有好處。

語法------八種時(shí)態(tài)1）一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示現(xiàn)階段經(jīng)?；蛄?xí)慣發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài),或說明主語的特征。時(shí)間狀語：often,usually,sometimes,always,everyday,once/twiceaweek,onSunday,never,inthemorning2）一般過去時(shí)表示過去某時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),這種動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)可能是一次性,也可能經(jīng)常發(fā)生。時(shí)間狀語有：at(eight)(yesterdaymorning),(tenminutes)ago,when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句。yesterday,lastyear,in1998.last…,in…,from…to…,for(10years),often,usually,sometimes,always,never3）一般將來時(shí)表示將來某一時(shí)刻或經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。時(shí)間狀語有：tomorrow,this(afternoon),next(year),oneday,now,soon,someday,sometime,inthefuture,when引導(dǎo)的從句等。4）現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或是現(xiàn)階段正發(fā)生而此刻不一定在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。由“助動(dòng)詞be(amisare)+現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成。時(shí)間狀語有：now,this…,these…等,但經(jīng)常不用。5）過去進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過去某一時(shí)刻或某階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。由“was(第一、三人稱單數(shù))或were(第二人稱單數(shù)和各人稱的復(fù)數(shù))+現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成。時(shí)間狀語有：then,atthattime,thistimeyesterday,at(eight)yesterday(morning),(ayear)ago,以及由when引出的時(shí)間狀語從句。6）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示一個(gè)發(fā)生在過去的、對(duì)現(xiàn)在仍有影響的動(dòng)作,或表示開始在過去,并且一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,甚至還可能延續(xù)下去的動(dòng)作。由“助動(dòng)詞have(has)+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞”構(gòu)成。表示發(fā)生在過去的對(duì)現(xiàn)在仍有影響的動(dòng)作時(shí),時(shí)間狀語有：already,yet,just,once,twice,ever,never,threetimes,before等。7）過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)表示過去某一時(shí)間或某一動(dòng)作發(fā)生之前已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作。簡(jiǎn)言之,過去完成時(shí)所表示的時(shí)間是“過去的過去”。由“助動(dòng)詞had+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞”構(gòu)成。時(shí)間狀語有：by(yesterday),bythen,bytheendof(last…)when,before等引出狀語從句。already,just,once,ever,neverfor…或since…8）過去將來時(shí)過去將來時(shí)表示在過去預(yù)計(jì)將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。由“助動(dòng)詞should(第一人稱)或would(第二、三人稱)+動(dòng)詞原形”構(gòu)成。時(shí)間狀語有：later,soon,thenext(day).練習(xí)一、單選題1．Itiswell-knownthatQianXuesen________allthetimehehad________China’smissile（導(dǎo)彈）industry.A．devoted;to B．provided;with C．paid;for D．took;to2．Insomeways,e-booksseemtohavemany________overtraditionalones,butIstillliketraditionalbooks.A．a(chǎn)dvantages B．a(chǎn)ppearances C．a(chǎn)greements D．a(chǎn)chievements3．Whynot________afamilysportsclub?A．takepartin B．join C．tojoinin D．joinin4．—WhatcanIdoforyou,Linda?—Ihopeyoucanhelpme________theuselesswordsinmyarticle.A．makeup B．cutout C．turnoff D．putup5．―Whyareyougoingto________thebooksandmagazines？―Becausetheyarenotusefultome.A．turndown B．throwaway C．lookfor6．Pleasetry________theenvironmentaroundhere.A．notpollute B．nottopolluteC．notpolluted D．topollute7．Thereisalso________rubbishandwaste.A．toomuch B．toomanyC．muchtoo D．manytoo8．Weshouldhelp________thesharks.A．saving B．tosave C．tobesaved D．saves9．Theofficialsaidthey________anewlawtoprotectthetouriststhenextyear.A．makes B．wouldmakeC．made D．havemade10．Please________thelightswhenyouleavetheclassroom.A．turnon B．turnoff C．turnup D．turndown二、用所給單詞的正確形式填空1．Our_________sofaseemsnotverycomfortable.(wood)2．Itis_________toyourhealthtodrinktoomuch.(harm)3．New_________discoveriesarebeingmadeeveryday.(science)4．Manypeopleareconcernedaboutthe_________oftheenvironment.(pollute)5．Thingsthatare_________canbeusedmorethanonce.(reuse)6．Idon'tknowifhe(come)tomorrow.Ifhe(come),Iwilltellyou.7．Whatdoyouplan(do)onthethreedayMayDayholiday?8．Hehasbeenusedto(live)alone.9．You'dbetterkeepthewindowopenwhen(sleep)insummer.10．Theoldmanusedto(like)basketballwhenhewasyoung.三、根據(jù)漢語意思完成下列句子1.我確信你給他們的這些錢將會(huì)被很好地使用。I'msurethatthemoneyyougavethemwillbe.2.墻上的油畫被人放倒了。Thepaintingonthewal