英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言學(xué)詞匯與語(yǔ)法練習(xí)題姓名_________________________地址_______________________________學(xué)號(hào)______________________-------------------------------密-------------------------封----------------------------線--------------------------1.請(qǐng)首先在試卷的標(biāo)封處填寫您的姓名，身份證號(hào)和地址名稱。2.請(qǐng)仔細(xì)閱讀各種題目，在規(guī)定的位置填寫您的答案。一、WordFormsandDerivations1.Identifythebaseformofthefollowingwords.

a.walked

b.dogs

c.happier

d.himself

e.books

f.written

g.gone

2.Determinethecorrectpasttenseofthegivenverbs.

a.They____________(go)tothebeachlastSunday.

b.He____________(not)finishthetaskontime.

c.We____________(be)happyifyoue.

3.Choosethecorrectpluralformofthenouns.

a.Thepanyemploys50____________.

b.Shehas2____________.

c.Wecanuse____________inmanyways.

4.Transformtheadjectivesintotheirparativeandsuperlativeforms.

a.Thebookis____________interestingthanthenovel.

b.Thisappleis____________redthantheotherone.

c.It'sthe____________expensivecarI'veeverseen.

5.Identifythecorrectformofthereflexivepronouns.

a.Thegirl____________herself.

b.Bothofus____________.

c.He____________totheparkalone.

6.Selectthecorrectpossessiveformofthenouns.

a.Isthisyour____________car?

b.Weshouldtakecareofthe____________garden.

c.Whoownsthis____________bicycle?

7.Recognizetheirregularpasttenseoftheverbs.

a.Theboy____________(play)socceryesterday.

b.She____________(eat)anapple.

c.They____________(go)tothecinema.

8.Choosethecorrectgerundformoftheverbs.

a.Ilike____________(watch)movies.

b.Hestopped____________(speak)onthephone.

c.Theyenjoy____________(dance)atnight.

答案及解題思路：

1.BaseForms:

a.walked→walk

b.dogs→dog

c.happier→happy

d.himself→himself/herself/themselves

e.books→book

f.written→write

g.gone→go

2.PastTenses:

a.Theywent

b.Hedidnotgo(notfinish)

c.Wewere(ifyoue)

3.PluralForms:

a.Thepanyemploys50employees.

b.Shehas2dogs.

c.Wecanusebooksinmanyways.

4.ComparativeandSuperlativeForms:

a.Thebookismoreinterestingthanthenovel.

b.Thisappleisredderthantheotherone.

c.It'sthemostexpensivecarI'veeverseen.

5.ReflexivePronouns:

a.Thegirlhelpedherself.

b.Bothofusourselves.

c.Hedressedhimselftotheparkalone.

6.PossessiveForms:

a.Isthisyourcar's(car'sseat,car'smodel,etc.)?

b.Weshouldtakecareofthegarden'sflowers.

c.Whoownsthisbicycle'schain?

7.IrregularPastTenses:

a.Theboyplayedsocceryesterday.

b.Sheateanapple.

c.Theywenttothecinema.

8.GerundForms:

a.Ilikewatchingmovies.

b.Hestoppedspeakingonthephone.

c.Theyenjoydancingatnight.

解題思路：本試卷旨在測(cè)試考生對(duì)詞匯形式和詞源的理解。識(shí)別單詞的基礎(chǔ)形式是基礎(chǔ)；考生需要確定動(dòng)詞的正確過(guò)去式。對(duì)于名詞，選擇正確的復(fù)數(shù)形式，而對(duì)于形容詞，則需將其轉(zhuǎn)化為比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)。了解反身代詞的正確形式對(duì)于句子的正確結(jié)構(gòu)。選擇正確的形容詞所有格和識(shí)別不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式是本試卷的難點(diǎn)。選擇正確的動(dòng)詞不定式（即動(dòng)名詞）形式對(duì)于構(gòu)建復(fù)雜句子非常關(guān)鍵。二、SentenceStructureandSyntax1.Rearrangethewordstoformacorrectsentence.

Original:"She,tothelibrary,wentyesterday."

Correct:"Shewenttothelibraryyesterday."

2.Identifythepartofspeechforeachwordinthesentence.

She:pronoun

went:verb

to:preposition

the:determiner

library:noun

yesterday:adverb

3.Completethesentencewiththeappropriatetenseform.

Original:"He_______abookyesterday."

Correct:"Hereadabookyesterday."

4.Identifythesubjectandverbagreementerror.

Original:"Eachofthestudentsislikestheirbooks."

Error:"islikes"shouldbe"like."

Correct:"Eachofthestudentslikestheirbooks."

5.Choosethecorrectconjunctiontopletethesentence.

Original:"Hewaslate,_______hearrivedatthemeetinglate."

Correctconjunction:"because"

Completesentence:"Hewaslatebecausehearrivedatthemeetinglate."

6.Correctthesentencechangingthepassivevoicetoactivevoice.

Original:"Thecakewasbakedher."

Correct:"Shebakedthecake."

7.Identifythecorrectsequenceoftensesintheparagraph.

Sentence1:Presentperfect("Hehasfinishedhiswork.")

Sentence2:Pastsimple("Hecalledmeyesterday.")

Sentence3:Presentperfectcontinuous("Hehasbeenworkingforthreehours.")

Correctsequence:Pastsimple,Presentperfect,Presentperfectcontinuous.

8.Choosethecorrectrelativepronountopletetherelativeclause.

Original:"Thebook_______Iborrowedfromyouisfascinating."

Correctrelativepronoun:"that"

Completeclause:"ThebookthatIborrowedfromyouisfascinating."

答案及解題思路：

1.Rearrangethewordstoformacorrectsentence.

答案：Shewenttothelibraryyesterday.

解題思路：Rearrangingthesentencetofollowthestandardsubjectverbobjectorderandcorrectprepositionalphraseplacement.

2.Identifythepartofspeechforeachwordinthesentence.

解題思路：Categorizeeachwordbasedonitsgrammaticalfunctioninthesentence.

3.Completethesentencewiththeappropriatetenseform.

解題思路：Choosethecorrecttenseformtoensurethesentenceisgrammaticallycorrectandconveystheintendedmeaning.

4.Identifythesubjectandverbagreementerror.

解題思路：Checkforsubjectverbagreement,ensuringthattheverbmatchesthenumberandpersonofthesubject.

5.Choosethecorrectconjunctiontopletethesentence.

解題思路：Selecttheconjunctionthatbestconnectsthetwoclausesandmaintainsthelogicalflowofthesentence.

6.Correctthesentencechangingthepassivevoicetoactivevoice.

解題思路：Transformthesentencefrompassivetoactivevoicechangingthepositionofthesubjectandverb,andremovingtheagentifnecessary.

7.Identifythecorrectsequenceoftensesintheparagraph.

解題思路：Analyzeeachsentencetodeterminethetenseusedandarrangetheminthecorrectsequencetoshowalogicalprogressionoftime.

8.Choosethecorrectrelativepronountopletetherelativeclause.

解題思路：Selecttherelativepronounthatcorrectlyrefersbacktotheantecedentintherelativeclause,ensuringitagreesinnumberandcase.三、PhrasesandClauses1.Completethesentencewiththeappropriatephrase.

The___________ofthebookwasfascinating.

a)cover

b)content

c)author

d)

2.Identifythemainclauseandthesubordinateclauseinthegivensentence.

"Althoughitwasraining,thematchwentonasplanned."

MainClause:Thematchwentonasplanned.

SubordinateClause:Althoughitwasraining.

3.Transformthegivenphraseintoaclause.

Phrase:"Thesunrisesintheeast."

Clause:"Thesunrisesintheeastbecauseitfollowsthepathoftheearth'srotation."

4.Choosethecorrectphrasetopletethesentence.

"Shewasveryhappywithhernewjob,___________?"

a)wasn'tshe

b)wasn'tit

c)wasn'tthat

d)wasn'tthis

5.Identifytheerrorinthesequenceofphrasesintheparagraph.

"Iwenttothestore,Iboughtsomemilk,Ialsoboughtsomeeggs,Ileftthestore."

Error:Thesequenceshouldbe"Iwenttothestore,Iboughtsomemilk,Iboughtsomeeggs,andIleftthestore."

6.Completethesentencewiththeappropriaterelativeclause.

"Thebook___________Iborrowedfromthelibraryisfascinating."

RelativeClause:"that"

7.Identifythecorrectphrasetopletethesentence.

"Sheis___________toetotheparty."

a)nottoolikely

b)likelynot

c)notlikely

d)likely

8.Transformthegivenclauseintoaphrase.

Clause:"Hewasstudyingforhisexam."

Phrase:"Studyingforhisexam"

答案及解題思路：

1.答案：d

解題思路：根據(jù)句意，應(yīng)該是書(shū)的標(biāo)題很吸引人。

2.答案：主句是"Thematchwentonasplanned"，從句是"Althoughitwasraining"。

3.答案：Thesunrisesintheeastbecauseitfollowsthepathoftheearth'srotation.

解題思路：將短語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)換成含有主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)的句子。

4.答案：a

解題思路：反意疑問(wèn)句的結(jié)構(gòu)要求使用"wasn'tshe"。

5.答案：Thesequenceshouldbe"Iwenttothestore,Iboughtsomemilk,Iboughtsomeeggs,andIleftthestore."

解題思路：使用"and"連接并列的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。

6.答案：that

解題思路：關(guān)系代詞"that"引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，指代先行詞"thebook"。

7.答案：a

解題思路：短語(yǔ)"nottoolikely"表示不太可能。

8.答案：Studyingforhisexam

解題思路：將句子中的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)換成短語(yǔ)形式。四、SentencePatternsandConstructions1.Identifythesentencepatternforeachsentence.

Whatisthesentencepatternofthefollowingsentence:"Thecatsleepsonthemat."

Identifythesentencepatternofthesentence:"Theyaregoingtotheparktomorrow."

2.Completethesentencewiththeappropriatesentencepattern.

Fillintheblankwiththecorrectsentencepattern:"If___________,Iwouldtakethebus."

Choosethecorrectsentencepatterntopletethesentence:"She___________herhomeworkeverynight."

3.Choosethecorrectsentenceconstructiontopletetheparagraph.

Selecttheappropriatesentenceconstructiontopletetheparagraph:"Itwasrainingheavily.Thestreetswere___________."

a)flooded

b)dried

c)sunny

4.Identifythesentenceconstructionerrorinthegivenparagraph.

Findthesentenceconstructionerrorinthefollowingparagraph:"Thesunrisesintheeast,setsinthewest,and___________everyday."

5.Completethesentencewiththeappropriatesentenceconstruction.

Completethesentencewiththecorrectsentenceconstruction:"Theteacher___________tothestudents,'Bequiet,please.'"

6.Identifythesentenceconstructionerrorinthegivensentence.

Identifythesentenceconstructionerrorinthesentence:"Shedoesn'thasacar."

7.Choosethecorrectsentenceconstructiontopletetheparagraph.

Selecttheappropriatesentenceconstructiontopletetheparagraph:"Iwaswalkinghomewhen___________."

a)Isawadog

b)itstartedtorain

c)Ifelthungry

8.Transformthegivensentenceintoadifferentsentenceconstruction.

Transformthefollowingsentenceintoadifferentsentenceconstruction:"Sheisreadingabook."

答案及解題思路：

1.

Thesentence"Thecatsleepsonthemat."followstheSimplePresenttensesentencepattern.

Thesentence"Theyaregoingtotheparktomorrow."followsthePresentContinuoustensesentencepattern.

2.

Fillintheblankwiththecorrectsentencepattern:"Ifitrains,Iwouldtakethebus."(Conditionalsentencepattern)

Choosethecorrectsentencepatterntopletethesentence:"Shedoesherhomeworkeverynight."(SimplePresenttensesentencepattern)

3.

Selecttheappropriatesentenceconstructiontopletetheparagraph:"Itwasrainingheavily.Thestreetswereflooded."(a)

4.

Findthesentenceconstructionerrorinthefollowingparagraph:"Thesunrisesintheeast,setsinthewest,andmoveseveryday."(Theword"moves"isnotgrammaticallycorrectinthiscontext;itshouldbe"movesacrossthesky"or"movesfromeasttowest.")

5.

Completethesentencewiththecorrectsentenceconstruction:"Theteachersaidtothestudents,'Bequiet,please.'"(Reportingadirectspeech)

6.

Identifythesentenceconstructionerrorinthesentence:"Shedoesn'thasacar."(Thecorrectformis"Shedoesn'thaveacar.")

7.

Selecttheappropriatesentenceconstructiontopletetheparagraph:"Iwaswalkinghomewhenitstartedtorain."(b)

8.

Transformthefollowingsentenceintoadifferentsentenceconstruction:"Shereadsabook."(Activevoicetopassivevoicetransformation)五、WordMeaningsandCollocations1.Identifythecorrectmeaningofthewordinthecontext.

a)Themanagerwas_(1)_abouttheproject'sfuture.

1.enthusiastic

2.indifferent

3.anxious

4.optimistic

2.Choosethecorrectwordthatpletesthecollocation.

a)Themitteewas_(2)_todiscussthenewpolicy.

1.intended

2.eager

3.reluctant

4.capable

3.Identifythecorrectsynonymforthegivenword.

a)Theprofessor'slecturewas_(3)_.

1.entertaining

2.boring

3.fascinating

4.discouraging

Correctsynonym:fascinating

4.Selectthecorrectwordthatcollocateswiththegivenword.

a)Theteamwas_(4)_towinthechampionship.

1.destined

2.capable

3.determined

4.eager

5.Identifythecorrectantonymforthegivenword.

a)Theathletewas_(5)_aboutthepossibilityofinjury.

1.concerned

2.indifferent

3.worried

4.confident

Correctantonym:indifferent

6.Choosethecorrectwordthatcollocateswiththegivenword.

a)Theauthor'snovelwas_(6)_toreadersofallages.

1.appealing

2.inaccessible

3.offensive

4.controversial

7.Identifythecorrectmeaningofthewordinthecontext.

a)Thechefwas_(7)_aboutthequalityoftheingredients.

1.satisfied

2.disappointed

3.indifferent

4.delighted

8.Selectthecorrectwordthatpletesthecollocation.

a)Thepanyis_(8)_toexpanditsoperations.

1.planning

2.preparing

3.aiming

4.hoping

答案及解題思路：

1.CorrectAnswer:3.anxious

解題思路：根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)，經(jīng)理對(duì)項(xiàng)目的未來(lái)感到不安，因此應(yīng)選擇表示擔(dān)憂的詞語(yǔ)。

2.CorrectAnswer:2.eager

解題思路：句子表明委員會(huì)渴望討論新政策，因此選擇表示渴望的詞語(yǔ)。

3.CorrectAnswer:fascinating

解題思路：教授的講座吸引人，因此選擇與吸引人意義相近的同義詞。

4.CorrectAnswer:1.destined

解題思路：句子表示團(tuán)隊(duì)注定要贏得冠軍，因此選擇表示命中注定的詞語(yǔ)。

5.CorrectAnswer:2.indifferent

解題思路：運(yùn)動(dòng)員對(duì)受傷的可能性不關(guān)心，因此選擇表示冷漠的反義詞。

6.CorrectAnswer:1.appealing

解題思路：小說(shuō)對(duì)各個(gè)年齡段的讀者都有吸引力，因此選擇表示吸引人的詞語(yǔ)。

7.CorrectAnswer:1.satisfied

解題思路：廚師對(duì)原料的質(zhì)量感到滿意，因此選擇表示滿意的詞語(yǔ)。

8.CorrectAnswer:1.planning

解題思路：公司正在計(jì)劃擴(kuò)張其業(yè)務(wù)，因此選擇表示計(jì)劃的詞語(yǔ)。六、SentenceCompletionandClozeTests1.Completethesentencewiththeappropriateword.

Thequickbrownfoxjumpsoverthelazydog.

2.Choosethecorrectwordtopletethesentence.

Theweatherforecastpredictsitwillbeabeautifulday,soweshouldplanapicnic.

3.Identifythemissingwordinthesentence.

Theywentonatriptothecountrysidelastweekend.

4.Completethesentencewiththeappropriateword.

Heisthemostintelligentstudentinourclass.

5.Choosethecorrectwordtopletethesentence.

ThebookwassoentertainingthatIcouldn'tputitdown.

6.Identifythemissingwordinthesentence.

Shespentthewholedayshoppingandreturnedhomeexhausted.

7.Completethesentencewiththeappropriateword.

Thebeautifulflowersinthegardenattractedmanybees.

8.Choosethecorrectwordtopletethesentence.

Hehadtoworklatelastnightbecausehewasexpectedtofinishthereporttoday.

答案及解題思路：

1.答案：quick,lazy

解題思路：通過(guò)常識(shí)判斷，快速和懶散分別用來(lái)描述狐貍和狗的特點(diǎn)。

2.答案：beautiful

解題思路：根據(jù)上下文，描述天氣的美好。

3.答案：trip

解題思路：從句子中可以看出是在描述一個(gè)周末的經(jīng)歷。

4.答案：most

解題思路：most用于表示最高級(jí)。

5.答案：entertaining

解題思路：entertaining表示吸引人的，符合書(shū)籍內(nèi)容的特點(diǎn)。

6.答案：returned

解題思路：從上下文可以看出，她回家很累，因此應(yīng)該是返回了家。

7.答案：beautiful

解題思路：beautiful用于描述花朵，符合句意。

8.答案：expected

解題思路：根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)，這里應(yīng)該是表示預(yù)期的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。七、TranslationandInterpreting1.TranslatethegivensentenceintoEnglish.

GivenSentence:"今天天氣真好，適合戶外活動(dòng)。"

Translation:"Theweatheriswonderfultoday,perfectforoutdooractivities."

2.Translatethegivensentenceintothetargetlanguage.

GivenSentence:"Theweatheriswonderfultoday,perfectforoutdooractivities."

TargetLanguageTranslation(e.g.,Spanish):"Elclimaesmaravillosohoy,perfectoparaactividadesalairelibre."

3.InterpretthegivensentencefromEnglishtothetargetlanguage.

GivenSentence:"Theweatheriswonderfultoday,perfectforoutdooractivities."

TargetLanguageInterpretation(e.g.,Spanish):"Elclimaesmaravillosohoy,perfectoparaactividadesalairelibre."

4.TranslatethegivensentenceintoEnglish.

GivenSentence:"Ilyadusoleiletlecielestbleu."

Translation:"Thereissunshineandtheskyisblue."

5.Translatethegivensentenceintothetargetlanguage.

GivenSentence:"Ilyadusoleiletlecielestbleu."

TargetLanguageTranslation(e.g.,French):"Ilyadusoleiletlecielestbleu."

6.InterpretthegivensentencefromEnglishtothetargetlanguage.

GivenSentence:"Thereissunshineandtheskyisblue."

TargetLanguageInterpretation(e.g.,French):"Ilyadusoleiletlecielestbleu."

7.TranslatethegivensentenceintoEnglish.

Giv