醫(yī)學(xué)影像學(xué)總論52809

醫(yī)學(xué)影像學(xué)總論醫(yī)學(xué)影像學(xué)總論52809MedicalImaging

醫(yī)學(xué)影像學(xué)●WilhelmConradRoentgen,X-ray,1895●DiagnosticRadiology放射診斷

ConventionalX-rayimagingX-raycomputedtomography,CTDigitalsubtractionangiography●DiagnosticImaging影像診斷

Incl.MRI,Ultrasonography,Nuclearimaging●InterventionalRadiology介入放射

醫(yī)學(xué)影像學(xué)總論52809醫(yī)學(xué)影像學(xué)總論52809I.ConventionalX-RayImaging常規(guī)X線X-rays

X線

X-raysareaformofelectromagneticradiationorenergyofextremelyshortwavelength(0.0006~50nm)0.031~0.008nmProductionofX-rayX線的產(chǎn)生

(1)Freeelectrons(2)Highvelocity(3)Suddenstopontarget(1)X-raytube(2)Transformers(3)Console醫(yī)學(xué)影像學(xué)總論52809CharacteristicsofX-Ray

X線的特征Penetration穿透性Fluorescenteffect熒光效應(yīng)

screencoatedwithasubstance(phosphor)imageamplificationPhotographiceffect感光效應(yīng)

emulsioncontainingsilverbromide,ionic>metallicIonizationeffect電離效應(yīng)醫(yī)學(xué)影像學(xué)總論52809FundamentalsofX-RayImagingX線診斷的基礎(chǔ)X-raycharacteristicsDensitiesandthicknessofhumanbodyHighdensityMediumdensityLowdensity醫(yī)學(xué)影像學(xué)總論52809MethodsofExamination

檢查方法●SimpleX-rayexaminationFluoroscopyRadiography

醫(yī)學(xué)影像學(xué)總論52809醫(yī)學(xué)影像學(xué)總論52809MethodsofExamination

檢查方法●SpecialX-rayexaminationTomographyMammographyOthers醫(yī)學(xué)影像學(xué)總論52809醫(yī)學(xué)影像學(xué)總論52809MethodsofExamination

檢查方法●ContrastExaminationContrastmediumIntroductionReactions醫(yī)學(xué)影像學(xué)總論52809醫(yī)學(xué)影像學(xué)總論52809醫(yī)學(xué)影像學(xué)總論52809醫(yī)學(xué)影像學(xué)總論52809醫(yī)學(xué)影像學(xué)總論52809醫(yī)學(xué)影像學(xué)總論52809ProperSelectionofExaminations

合理檢查DiagnosispurposeAvoidunnecessaryexpenditure醫(yī)學(xué)影像學(xué)總論52809X-RayDiagnosisandAnalysis

X線診斷和分析ThoroughobservationExactanalysisSiteanddistribution,number,size,shape,density,outline,etc.Theessenceoflesionsdiseases/signsCorrelatedwiththeclinicaldata醫(yī)學(xué)影像學(xué)總論52809ProtectionfromX-Ray

X線防護(hù)ShouldnotbeoverlookedUnnecessaryfearshouldnotbebourninmind醫(yī)學(xué)影像學(xué)總論52809II.X-RayComputedTomography

CTHounsfield1969Clinicalapplication1972Nobelprize1979醫(yī)學(xué)影像學(xué)總論52809醫(yī)學(xué)影像學(xué)總論52809Principle原理Analog/digitalconverterVoxel,digitalmatrixDigital/analogconverterPixel,CTimage醫(yī)學(xué)影像學(xué)總論52809CTEquipment

CT裝置RegularCTScanner,computer,imagingscantime,resolution,functionSpiralCTTubercontinuousrotationTablecontinuousmovingMultiple-slicespiralCTElectronBeamCT醫(yī)學(xué)影像學(xué)總論52809CTimageCT影像Matrix矩陣SpatialresolutionGrayscale灰階DensityresolutionHounsfieldunit(HU)Serialtomographicimages系列斷層醫(yī)學(xué)影像學(xué)總論52809醫(yī)學(xué)影像學(xué)總論52809CTTechniques

CT技術(shù)PlainCTscanContrastenhancementCTHighresolutionCTNewtechniquesRenderingtechniqueEndoscopy醫(yī)學(xué)影像學(xué)總論5280964層CT容積采集volumemultisliceCTacquisition

醫(yī)學(xué)影像學(xué)總論52809Normal3DVRTandMIPofthelung醫(yī)學(xué)影像學(xué)總論52809AnalysisandDiagnosisofCTimagesCT診斷和分析WindowtechnicSerialslicesDensity,CTvalueEnhancementOtherssimilartoconventionalX-rayimages醫(yī)學(xué)影像學(xué)總論52809ValueofCTimaging

CT影像的價(jià)值CentralnervoussystemHeadandNeckChestAbdomenMusculoskeletal醫(yī)學(xué)影像學(xué)總論52809醫(yī)學(xué)影像學(xué)總論52809III.DigitalSubtractionAngiography(DSA)

數(shù)字減影血管造影IntroductionDigitalfluorographyADCSubtractionTechniquesIntra-arterialDSAIntravenousDSA醫(yī)學(xué)影像學(xué)總論52809醫(yī)學(xué)影像學(xué)總論52809ClinicalApplication臨床應(yīng)用SubstituteregularangiographyInterventionalprocedures醫(yī)學(xué)影像學(xué)總論52809IV.Ultrasonography超聲BriefIntroduction醫(yī)學(xué)影像學(xué)總論52809Tumorofurinarybladder醫(yī)學(xué)影像學(xué)總論52809V.MagneticResonanceImaging(MRI)磁共振成像1930sI.I.Rabi1946Purcell,Bloch1952NobelPrize1971Damadian1973Lauterbur1974mouseimaging1978Mallard,Hutchison,Lauterbur1980CommercialMRscanner醫(yī)學(xué)影像學(xué)總論52809醫(yī)學(xué)影像學(xué)總論52809醫(yī)學(xué)影像學(xué)總論52809Physicalfoundations

物理基礎(chǔ)Longitudinalmagnetization縱向磁化Transversemagnetization橫向磁化Longitudinalrelaxation縱向馳豫Transverserelaxation橫向馳豫Longitudinalrelaxationtime(0>63%),T1Transverserelaxationtime(m>37%),T2醫(yī)學(xué)影像學(xué)總論52809醫(yī)學(xué)影像學(xué)總論52809醫(yī)學(xué)影像學(xué)總論52809醫(yī)學(xué)影像學(xué)總論52809醫(yī)學(xué)影像學(xué)總論52809PhysicalfoundationsRadiofrequency(RF)pulse射頻脈沖RFsequence射頻序列Repetitiontime(TR)重復(fù)時(shí)間Echotime(TE)回波時(shí)間T1-weightedimagingT1加權(quán)像T2-weightedimagingT2加權(quán)像PD-weightedimaging質(zhì)子加權(quán)像醫(yī)學(xué)影像學(xué)總論52809醫(yī)學(xué)影像學(xué)總論52809Magnet磁體PermanentmagnetResistivemagnetSuperconductingmagnet醫(yī)學(xué)影像學(xué)總論52809Coil線圈GradientcoilVolumecoilSurfacecoil醫(yī)學(xué)影像學(xué)總論52809醫(yī)學(xué)影像學(xué)總論52809CharacteristicsofMRI

磁共振成像的特征Multipleparameters多參數(shù)Multipleorientations多方向Flowvoidphenomenon流空現(xiàn)象Protonrelaxationenhancementeffect質(zhì)子馳豫增強(qiáng)效應(yīng)Contrastenhancement增強(qiáng)醫(yī)學(xué)影像學(xué)總論52809醫(yī)學(xué)影像學(xué)總論52809醫(yī)學(xué)影像學(xué)總論52809醫(yī)學(xué)影像學(xué)總論52809醫(yī)學(xué)影像學(xué)總論52809Techniques技術(shù)PulsesequencesFatsuppressionContrastenhancementMR